BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY

BAHIR DAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF RESEARCH AND POSTGRADUATE STUDIES
FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
MODELLING OF GRID CONECTED PVARRAY FOR POWER
SUPPLY SOLUTIONS USING MATLAB/SIMULIK
(CASE STUDY: MIGBARU KEBEDE EWUNETU MEMORIAL
HOSPITAL)

BY

ENDALKACHEW ALEBEL

ADVISOR: DR. TASSEW TADIWOS

Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

February 2023
 BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY
BAHIR DAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
SCHOOL OF RESEARCH AND POSTGRADUATE STUDIES
FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
MSC THESIS PROPOSAL

Student:
_____________________________________________________________________
Name Signature Date

Advisor:
_______________________ ___________ ___________
Name Signature Date

Chair
Holder:
_______________ ___________ ___________
Name Signature Date

Faculty
Dean:
_______________ ___________ ___________
Name Signature Date

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 Abstract
This proposal will present a modelling of 244 kW grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system
using MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed model consists of a PV array, Maximum power
point tracker, Boost converter, Inverter and an LC filter.

Modelling of these components will describes and demonstrates in detail. The impact of solar
irradiance and temperature on the overall power generation of a grid connected PV system
will studies Control to maintain constant voltage at the inverter output and for
synchronization of the output frequency with the electric utility grid, phase locked loop and
regulators will model. Modelling method is quite simple and could be adopted easily to study
system characteristics at different conditions of temperature and solar insolation. In this case
study, the visit will begin at Migbaru Kebede Ewunetu memorial hospital which is built in
Anbesamie city which is found in south Gondar zone of north part of the city. But there is no
enough power supply which is equivalent to this 244kw load in the near, by area from
EEPCO. Due to this reason shortage of power supply presented in the hospital and the
hospital is in a shift service power consumption. To solve the power supply problems of the
hospital, an equivalent rating PV array will be proposed to connect with the grid.

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 Table of Contents

Pages
1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………1
2. Problem Statement………………………………………………………………………………………………2
3. Literature review………………………………………………………………………………………………….3
4. Objectives…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6
General objective……………………………………………………………………………………………….…...6
Specific objective……………………………………………………………………………………………………..6
Scope of the study .......................................................................................................7
5. Significance of the project …………........................................................................7
6. Research methodology………………………….………………………………….8
6.1 Data collection……………………………………………………………….…….8

6.1.1 PV generation data………………………………………………………………8

6.1.2 Grid data………………………………………………………………………....9

6.1.3 Load data………………………………………………………………………...9

6.2 Data analysis…………………………………………………………………….…9

6.3 Simulation software…………………………………………………………….….9

6.3.1 Matlab/Simulink…… ……………………………………………………………9

7. Budget schedule……………………….…………………………………………….10

8. Time schedule of the study………………………………………………………..…11

9. References……………………………………………………………………………12

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 1. Introduction
Most of the world’s energy is derived from fossil fuels mainly by burning of coal. But this
traditional way of electricity generation is a challenging issue as it contributes to greenhouse
gas emissions. Besides, Fossil fuels and all the non-renewable resources to generate
electricity are also depleting with time and the population is increasing.
On the other hand, renewable energy resources offer promising alternate solutions for these
problems as they are believed to be permanent and clean sources. Therefore, at present these
issues are being handled by adopting renewable resources which includes Solar photovoltaic,
wind, tidal, wave and biomass as alternate sources to produce electricity [1].
From past few decades, solar photovoltaic energy has turned into one of the important
sources of renewable energy as it requires less maintenance and is noise and pollution free.
Solar PV panels are used with power converters to deliver power efficiently.
This forms a photovoltaic system. There are various configurations of PV systems. Among
these standalone and grid connected system configurations are the most important ones [1].
A grid connected solar system has more advantages than a standalone PV system as in it
electricity can be taken or send to the electric grid depending upon the load demand.
It reduces bill cost as net electricity consumption can be reduced by sending extra electricity
to the grid. They can also be installed without battery backup. Any photovoltaic system
installed without battery backups produces more power as no storage losses are involved in
the system [1].
In this thesis, a 244 kW grid connected PV system will be model using MATLAB /Simulink.
The presented system is composed of a solar PV array, maximum power point tracker to
extract maximum power from the PV array, DC-DC boost converter to regulate and boost the
PV array output, an inverter to convert DC power into AC power, an LC filter to filter current
harmonics from the inverter output current. In this study, the visit will begin at Migbaru
Kebede Ewunetu memorial hospital which is built in Anbesamie city which is found in south
Gondar zone of north part of the city.
In the hospital, there are eleven blocks used for different services and/applications including
with OPD, PID, DIAGONASTIC, SURGERY and water pump station. The electrical power
consumption has estimated as per hospital’s load demand. The power supply has to be taken
from 15kv grid.

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 2. Problem Statement

Migbaru Kebede Ewunetu memorial hospital has 244kw power loads. But there is no enough
power supply which is equivalent to this 244kw load in the near, by area from EEPCO. Due
to this reason shortage of power supply presented in the hospital and the hospital is in shift
service power consumption.

Therefore, to solve the power supply problems of the hospital, an equivalent rating PV array
will be proposed to connect with the grid. This PV array will be generating equivalent DC
power and converts it to AC power as per the hospital requirements and used as both improve
power supply problems and emergency power supply for the hospital. The PV array which is
connected to the grid will be modelled using MATLAB/Simulink.

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 3. Literature review

There are many power supply solutions which have seen in different areas of the study. The
PV array connected with the grid is one solution method to improve the customers’ power
supply requirements by using as emergency power supply purpose or additional power
supplies to fill the energy gaps. Some researchers studied that the power supply problems
have been solved using designed and/or modeled grid connected PV arrays [2].

The grid connected PV array has been modelled using the SimPower in MATLAB. The
modeled system includes the necessary materials those are used to solve the proposed
methods. Omar Mohammed Benaissa, Samir Hadjeri, Sid Ahmed Zidi [ 2 ] proposed the
system consisting of PV array DC-DC converter, MPPT controller, DC-AC converter, three
phase inverter, step up transformer and grid. The PV array has been modelled together with
DC-DC converter which used to convert the DC voltage obtained from the PV array output in
to another DC level and the process has been controlled by maximum power point tracking
(MPPT) controller. A 500 volt DC output voltage has to be converted to 260 volt AC voltage
using three phase inverter. The output which is obtained from inverter have been connected
in to three phase step up transformer to step up AC low voltage to AC medium voltage. A 20
KVar Capacitor Banks have been used to filter the harmonics produced by the VSC inverter.
Further the 260kv transmission line is connected to 260/25kv step down transformer which it
has been used as a step up transformer in the PV’s array inverter output side. The PV array
have been modelled using “Perturbation and Observe” techniques. In the proposed method,
the specified power from the PV array and the “Perturbation and Observe” technique has to
been fast to control the system.

Gaps of the researcher are

 The author not considered the power storage during absence of sun light (during
night or cloudy days).
 In the proposed study, the blocking power from grid to PV array has not been
considered.
 In the proposed study, the transfer switch has not been included in the connected
load at the output of the PV array inverter and the grid.
 The loads have not been included in the proposed model.
 The author didn’t propose in case of multiple PV arrays connected to the grid.

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In this research, Moein Omar, Marwan M.Mohamoud [ 3 ] proposed the PV system can

operate in both modes of operation, grid connected and stand _alone. The system mainly
includes PV generator, block batteries, power conditioning units and control systems.

Each of the system components have been described with their application and functions to
be satisfied the design.

PV Generator It consists of PV modules connected in series and parallel depending on the

selected DC system voltage and power. The selected PV modules are monocrystalline or
polycrystalline silicon because of their high efficiency.

Storage Block Batteries The battery block consists of stationary cells that can stand very deep
discharge and have a high cycling rate exceeding 1000 times due to frequent grid blackouts.
The life time of the battery is considered exceeding 10 years.

Battery Charge Regulator. It is used to regulate the charging process of the battery block and
to protect it against deep discharge and extreme overcharge. The system uses the voltage
sensor to measure the battery voltage and close/open switch according to battery state of
charge.

Inverter 1 It is a grid connected inverter to convert DC input power of PV generators to AC

power injected in to the grid. It includes MPPT controller.

Inverter 2. It is a bidirectional power converter with ability act as inverter converting DC/AC
and as rectifier converting AC/DC from the grid.

Bidirectional KWh Energy Meter. The meter is used to count the power consumed supplying
to the load or charging the battery and to count the power injected in to the grid from the PV
system.

After computing generator sizing and design of the storage battery block, the charge
regulator, the inverters, the bidirectional converter and the operating system in different
modes have to been selected.

Gaps of the researchers are:

 The author did not consider safety when the return current flowing to the grid
coming from the PV output voltage which has been converted by inverter 1 and
injected to grid.

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  In the proposed study, the grid (transmission line) performance has not been
considered.
The main goal of the researcher has to be simulate and modelling of 1a 10 KW power
generated from PV array by connected to the grid. Shamshad Ali and Mumtaz Ahmad Khan
[ 4 ] Proposed the comparative analysis of the system having a 10 KW grid tied PV system and
a PID controller with and without MPPT using simulation in MATLAB/Simulink to
enhancing the PV array’s power output using the two algorithms of MPPT controller such as
“Perturb and Observe” and “Incremental Conductance” techniques. In the proposed, the
system stability and the synchronization of the loads with the power grid parameters such as
frequency, voltage and current have been presented.
The solar cell outputs have been modelled to ensure the variability of the ambient
temperature and irradiation because of the factors that affects the output of the solar cell
either increasing or decreasing. The researcher basically used “Perturbation and Observe”
technique instead of “Increment Conductance” technique. The comparison has been coming
from the change of PV power outputs and the voltages since the change of PV power has
come out to be positive, the voltage has needed to be changed in the line to perturb and vice
versa.

Gaps of the researchers are:

 The researcher has not considered the performance of the grid transmission line.
 The author has not included the inverters output voltage to be stepped up.
 The author not proposed the capacitor banks those have used to filter the
harmonics.

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 4. Objectives

General objectives

The main or general objective of this thesis is to model grid connected PV array for
power solutions using MATLAB/SIMULINK
Specific objectives
 To collect the required data and analysis thus data.
 To model the grid connected PV system using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
 To control and store the system for voltage and current variations.
 To validate the power supply for the load demand requirements.

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 5. Scope of the study
The scope of the study will be assessing the modelling and sizing of battery, solar panels,
inverters, boost converters and cables by considering and taking data from EEU and
energy center.
5. Significance of the study

The thesis will ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy to the
hospital during the main grid power off or interrupted. The thesis has also undeniable impact
to conserve enhance other social and environmental benefits such as the solar energy/power
doesn’t produce pollution, it renewables seriously using sun light sources and the
maintenance and operating costs are cheaper than other energy sources such as wind and
diesel generator. Therefore solar energy will be preferable to grid connected due to the
efficiency of costs.

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 6. Research methodology

The research methodology of the proposed thesis will be presented in the following
techniques.

Data collection Data analysis Design & Modelling

Conclusion/Summary Simulation results

and discussion

Figure.1. Block diagram representation of the proposed research methodology

During under study, the problems have been identified. These problems will be used as
introduction to my research and a comparison has been made with studied or published by
other researchers. From some journals view of point [ 1 ,2 , 3 ] the literature review has been
examined and any gaps which have not been included in the proposed studies will be pick
out. Based on the gaps, the proposed data will be collected during under study and future
study for the completion of this proposed study. The data have to be collected from EEU and
Migbaru Kebede Ewunetu memorial hospital. Migbaru Kebede Ewunetu memorial hospital
has to be taken as a case study. The other data for PV array with their supporting components
for design and modelling purpose will be collected from energy centers and manufacturer’s
data table. Before modelling the PV array generation system will be designed for
effectiveness throughout the day including storage battery banks and blocking diodes, charge
controllers, automatic control switches and/or circuit breakers for protection system of the
loads since the loads will be connected to the output terminals of the transformer. The PV
array which is connected to the grid will be used as additional power supply and emergency
power supply to the Hospital.

6.1 Data collection

6.1.1 PV generation data

Data for PV generation system such as PV array name plate rating, storage battery banks
capacity, charge regulators/controllers, MPPT values, inverter ratings, system protection
ratings and daily sun light power will be collected from energy centers and international
manufactured tables which are certified by ISO.

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6.1.2 Grid data

The grid consists of medium voltage distribution line, three phase step down transformer. All
the data will be collected in the EEU, Northwestern region, Anbesamie utility center visiting
on site and Auto Cad drawing.

6.1.3 Load data

The load data will be collected from Migbaru Kebede Ewunetu Memorial Hospital visiting
on site and taken from Auto Cad drawing.
6.2 Data analysis
The data analysis can be based on the modelling of individual parameters.

6.3 Simulation software

6.3.1 MATLAB/SIMULINK

For this proposed study, the design and modelling will be done using Simulink in the
SimPower tool box of MATLAB software. Simulink is a MATLAB based graphical
programming environment for modelling, simulating and analyzing multi-domain dynamical
systems. Its primary interface is a graphical block diagraming tool and a customizable set of
block libraries.
The general block representation of the proposed model is as follows[ 4 ] .

Multiple PV Boost converter Inverters CB 15 KV

arrays controller (MPPT) grids
CB

Battery storage
AC loads of Migbaru
Kebede Ewnetu
Memorial Hospital

Figure.2. Flow chart of grid connected multiple PV array modelling for power supply
solution

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 7. BUDGET SCHEDULE

The total cost of this thesis estimated to be 9220 ETB. Detail cost analysis of the thesis is
shown in table below:

Resources Quantity Rate Amount(Birr)

Note Book 1 50 50

Pen 1 pack 150 150

Paper 1 pack 200 200

Paper Print 1000 1.5 1500

From Anbessamie to Anbessamie to hospital
Transportation Bahir Dar 500

Internet 3000

Flash Disk 1 320 320

Binding 5 300 1500

Miscellaneous 2000
Total 9,220

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 8. TIME SCHEDULE OF THE STUDY

Determining the beginning and ending time is necessary to complete the thesis at the
scheduled time. This thesis work started on January 2023 and it is expected to be completed
in August 2023.The general work schedule with the necessary time allocation is shown
below:

month January February March April May June July August

Task week 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

Literature
review
Data collection
Data analysis
Computer
Simulation

Documentation
draft report
submission
Final report
submission

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 References

[ 1] JAWAIRIA ATIQ et al: Modelling of a Grid Connected Solar PV System Using

MATLAB/SIMULINK 2017

[ 2 ] Omar Mohammed Benaissa, Samir Hadjeri, Sid Ahmed Zidi, “Modelling and Simulation
of Grid Connected PV Generation System Using MATLAB/Simulink,” International
Journal, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 2017, pp. 392 401.

[ 3 ] Moein A Omar, Marwan M.Mahmoud, “Design and Simulation of a PV System Operating

in Grid_Connected and Stand_Alone Modes for Areas of Daily Grid Blackouts,”
International Journal of photo energy, Vol 2019, Article ID5216583, 9 pages, 2019.

[ 4 ] Shamshad Ali, Mumtaz Ahmad Khan, “Modelling and Simulation of 10 kw Grid

Connected PV Generation System Using MATLAB/Simulink,” International Journal, Vol.
13, No. 24, 2018, pp.16962-16970.

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