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B Hydraulics

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Andrea Ronquilio
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80 views

B Hydraulics

Uploaded by

Andrea Ronquilio
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CHAPTER Bi BOLYANCY | oo FLOTATION ee ees, Secon SING ree beady, SS mrreraedt. ely oc portialy ino Pid | tt openers 90 Upwerd Force, Hot = equal 41 e weidek oF te Fivid dicploaed by ee Falaee ital (becky aiiexmees Sty uoler, ft experiences o> upeard Face ee OPTHROST SSOYANT FORCE io woter Ceword Force - weighs in ow Yeigat los if weight = rec) weign - oprere™* weigh fort @: Ureword poce .is equal to Fe weight o re worer disploced by 4. Upwers Fore - Koon oS UeTHROEST or Bowant Force OF OF = weidnt oF Liquid diaplacement er = WV r= PA Fn= Fa- Fr | Fn = A> A __ FN = Peld*)- Fr 4") FN =(Pe- Pp \a* PIs eww evwwvy wee es er ew ew veeesrvwvu vvwe ey Where ; Pressure P= &h P= Bh = Pe = ¥CUn+d) Fm LU + yd) - ald? : Fn= ¥ (a8) Ge Se ee FH= f&o® Ly votume oF voter | liquid diesploced Fas Pad? ps Fux BY ; ome= ex FRE ™Q ----> Wwe mS ee se een cn Nquid displaced BE = west of avid dispcoscd Bee See M/S we ¥V eros io ) A sore wens Fo werer ie Wexrrs ese eae we wows ag te sore be. Find he cpecipic weigh oF Fe Store ____—_ <. Fie tre spectt'é govity oF he stove. ugati io ote. ree qoreced DATE! Bes Wa - Ww ! Be = Ycah- cath Be = 10H Pre WwW = On y= WN ne ¥ alg WOR —— S) aaioh? b. w Heat e N o.onse OW = a7,082. o8 Fr m2? ar.o6 “> %. SG = Vance Sworen = aqz.cs KN ad 3 a3) 4/0 8.G= Q.1G i -~wTwwvewe< wvwwrwvwevwy NO: DATE: 2) An iceberg Heving <6 = S08 ‘s poalicg om salt moter of S.G= 108. \F WE volume oF ice ckhove +e Noler sxpoce in ioe” Winet is dhe total chime ce re ice? a ce. 3 Let we total volume oF ice Np = velume diaploced Np an Nove Neo = LN- 1e00)* Whee = Sou Vee = (Aanse) WY) Veet et Ae lo.aadyW) a Bp = Yew () eect e) —————_| Be + ae (s: @(No) Be 7 3-3! (eee) Wicg * Er . \ ee a Ces) We) Nes (V2) | (te: aa) (Y)= 4:8! O. a Spring 7 Deal cS = | a.3) Vs gees. a mm? 2) A dock or weed o.com x o.com * hr la dierension was thrown itto Ame over orc) picot> with oem pajecting chove are ote eoyoce . re sare bLieck “wos trona into s eooterer ce a Vaid rovirg a SOF oso od plects WI Orn proecirg above the surpace . ae a the FF. : are weore eh C we SG of +e lock _ Seen op te Liat v\o ele Pasa asa ste ee acct eit ee la alia se el a & = =e oe ee we wYyTe}fwelUc TCU rh! Poe YNucco = Ba We) . Crees Gy) Esence xb] = a.eifle hoe = oe (h- ou) he o-B4m b) prom sa =. @)= ora er he ose S. Gucee (0-54) = O54 O'S Src = OG 2) ecco 7 wN a Newco 7 Cece Nwceo _ sree Ge llorcizae 4] _— Writes = Stun Gad [oe 42-6 *P I — Spring Btaf Anctrer solution » Sua S.Sug ee Fiore 4 - i Ghelis Geen). thy S. Gar SCwess (4) ee \ \(ares= sexe Fare 2 : eo S Greece (4), oo . — eco (h- os) = Seve Ch) OO wat fd 2, a he osu a — foo ee i ar ie rary No: DATE: __ ma A a oy Cs.e- °.02) is Boom by Soom by 8.6m Seng [el rete As Fst iD sea otter (3.6 = 1.005). How mony Mh” of “steel (86 25.98) eos be stoches 22 he botten to rate Ane buoy pleat wih ea, EO expose above He Noter surpoce 7 Wyo sepn : cA eer 2-On J h _ i Ts 2s or — cn + 1} e oto som: — sl iFv co i BF + Bc - he = Wien Oo os ee Nee we Se soe BFar = ABO (1.025) Ver —_BFhcw + Sew (Ves) BFwcce + aio [(\0a8) (2.65 x o.com xo on) s qos i i i Spring Beaf | Nua = Bae Naw Mer + asic (7.85) Var] Wer 77,008.65 Ver Weeso = Yweso Vucco Wise = (asic roca) (sxo5 *o5) Weeso = 45.ca i io 2k Bhar + BRccs ~Wer = Wao =O 10,088a5 Nex t GUNG - 77.088 BO Ne + YE gat=o Ne > ate x1 mm? | ( w = Sar ee | New \ 2 wst ( votres} a7exio* Mer = Bagh = DB) A woodes beam oF SG OG ts | IBOmrns * \SOmm ord is inged A, of shown in Figure At whot opie & seit Ae oeore: yleest key ewe? Solvtion : Weight oF Bsom) Ww Youn Nenam ww = [asic Co. e\\Lo.te x OB x Be) We Tos. 22 BF, Bovyant Force = Yuaree Vo BF + WwVo BF =< asic (ose x o10m =< (x=) BFE arz0.725% SM, = 'o BF (5- osxase « Ga) =o er (s-0.5~) soe - Wiles ee) BF (5. o5*) ~ a5 WwW 290.725 (6-0.5x)= 2:5 Gee. aa) x am Coreider AARC a + ; tT Sch eau an - ee | it eae B gS : 1 — We = 2 ah —— . a — a Ge 10.4040, = Spring Beaf ¢) Rom wre Figure below, fis ehows Wot we gate ia am wide ord & Winged at the bottom of the oole. Compete te Folloming | a. Wyorostatic Fors TF KM cctog o> He Ste: b. the location o¢ Ye cetter Go opressre ge the gpte prom the ings c. we a volume oF cororete CU weig = 93. “Y%n2) necded to keep the ote iN closed Foanicn : “vettica\ projection op tre euerergedt porhos __ Sdlvtion + a) Fe tha a Fe qe Gayle an) Fe laca kn by) ve lecation = poles = pressure oof we gpte por te binge: oe IGE io. ee 12 > 32 —_ . oo AD BOO) ee (ee ee ee ee ee eee ee eee a | in FiQgve , Ss @siice = o-\ oo ee N= OGIMm ec by Pesve dicgran, =) +TSER =o T+ BFP Weo BF = Ww No BF OS Bw Neos BF = 9-61 Neon NW = Weonc Voore We 33.c oe (Neere) @amn, -o Fly) - Tlas)=0 FIV) = T@s) Flo <7) ~Tl28) 19Q.-02 (e-e7) = Tae) T= 5.a3 «Mh T+ OF -W=O i B.254 4-41 Neorc - 23.GNeorc =o = Neore * 9:38 ™M Diecmame or Flow Rete, a Comtinvity Bavation : Berroulli’s Energy Thooress Velume oF Flow Bate, as Ay, Pls Mesa Flow Rate, M-= Pa, S/o Weight Flow Rate, Teo whee + a = diecharge 6 OTS eg FP = creas- sectoral area og Flow in moe” mean velocity o¢ pow nm Ts o& Ft/s density (mase) in ¥g, «Ia}4]>/9 ' Cash nus. Flow -Wie copes Sten at ony Hrre, ne diectrouse @ at een cechan o +e sear ss tre sare (Aiccids oF comseryahion cp mass ee () aot ree sal _- ae én, psietneneee Spring Bee Se ae a a DATE: __ Comtinvity — Equaties For Ircomprescible Fluids QeANM = >A, Rin = Qar For Compressible Fluids RAN, = AQ Aaa * Pe ASN = Orstant o BAM = SaAaVa = BoAsVe = coretont DerNatior=: OF 9 Formula : Asor Rin Yr - an ae Nis Noor See aoe Noor = Aur (db) 5 d= Volk) d= Vie) | Nar = poor (VSG) Vie s Aw WRYUY Nin Nout Ais (Min LS Agar (No) 49) . wy cominuity equation : Am (Nic) = Ao(Ne) ) a= AY @in = Qo , DATE Exarplee | )eorpte tne diechorge oF Mote through | JBem pre jf He meen veloity 8 as m/s. rom 8 an foe 2575 y = ANG = om = ae a) a-T teens) 2-5) et ny @- oo Ts: a Te discharge oF Sr frog a wom pipe & 4%]. Compote Ye Tem velosty 5 M/s. Q-Av om a = ~ 0 ay bo SS AEEy— Vez W158 M/s SS A pipeline eres G accessve lengirs Oe Mere eee cred, Geers pipe. Win a exathimoos PIOW teen ote Woe oF BO Wem|oee OF “Ster, congte He cen Naccty i each size & pipe. Spring Saf i ie ee de Rome Gin ee Omen eet ® Sex = Vt 7 - @e ao /s = oto /s 4 Im = 1c00b Cey equation oF oH nets) Qe = Gor QAw = @.= @a= Get Gar QAx= As Ge Gs @= ACNY= Ags) = As We) o.ae A = TW (oom GY Y= 2.0 Ts ies) o.a0 Mle = OT (e.zc0m) (Ng) | Na 3.64 mls 4 o.ane” hy =~ T (oas my We); = 50a Ts 4 BR) Woter plows trough) 75 Siometer pipe ot oO Nelocty oF @™isec. Ficd: a. Tre wolume poy cote i Thee, ord “W]e pb. re wose flow wre in *Sleec, oS The. weight pow: eke in A)eec ae ee ae Solution : 2) a+ A : L Qa: TT = m 4 3 Voce li+ Qs o.oo T/A * I oven? + as isan We b) M= Pa_| G 12 = — = aa” m= 1D eae <¢) We xa 6 Pee oO elcn Ee Ws asic 7 me (o.crwe oi) ws vatss Vs ®) A ‘comm - diameter porger ie being posted ay coms fsen INYO Oo tank eilled with 3) hoving spesitic gravity oF 0-0. fF HE Pid | is incompressiS\e | Sok me By eS oo) is berg Forced ot ot a 30-7) diarreter } bole 7 Spring Beaf SNWHtion * by cpomkruity equates aQ.= Go QAM te FT ey @) 4 2 a: = (SS ese) 4 > Ge Ae Is since ee |S SS SS SS ae Q~*@.-5 40 xo Ms RAG Oy 1 Suorse = aac “/m? We Yu (S:Gonr) @ a Cosa) Cam a) ay We 3.1243 | /sS Enero, EqQucticd (Berneui'S ETersy Treoren) joa Ereroy Se Nis, oo) [eee Se SF Se = oo xeod (=) ov welosity reed a ee pressure recs) ov vv" wwwet ~~ —_—__ DATE: Fe eee aaa = EAS a + Zook derincticong, aS % —— 3 ——h esas 2 an = see he hy £ cerererce Woe | eT Gato) Ein +) Enos : Sees emot oF pid ot pened F xime +t Nbiuce = ST —- wore Seo ca ae Ne AW. CY) ee, ] Spring Leaf ftertia) Eregy = ™O: >) Kinetic Energy = Ya my? oN a Se TT Bemoulli's Energy Trecrem (alorg STREAMLINE) re Ze Zu ee (rere ee - Cpatum) Gerera) Equotion * e, + HA- HE -HL = Ea or _ E+ BA = Eg tHE Ht — - a wR ge Se Ete aS ¥ ag, 6 where = e+ Teta) Srersy Hood Gt pteinr! 2 Tera Enerpy Wess ot ink 3 Ear was Yeod “Added Jy 1S wreere : Ewen eco Les length op Ane pipe Uh) De Dioreter of the pee Um) we Velocity GS 35 gravity | Ca.e Tys™) Q= discharge / Flow! rote (le) ® Meanieg's Forma © Wi = fr 8 Goss om Lay 5s ps oa 0” ts" pe D> roughress sserpicie st Cmarnicge) ® Hazen - Wiior'’s Gepgicient Formula Ss pL RR- 1o-cu Lal rr or = > eB be = Ta la. a a as ir es , , Miesr = losses , z ’ hes km NV. ems coeppicient ) ag ie en mince losses laren = micor loss — <=" a So Formula ° sS\ope OF egl = KHL DF Gererat Equcthoo B, + WA = Eg + XE + HEL solttion : rE, + RA - Ee + BL WL = ea. + Whe Gerera) Equation * E, = Ee * HE + AL Soluricn | E, = Ea + HE + HL . : WL = PL, + Ple-e ia oa Ne" ®. . \ Z-— 4 Dg RE aA v x3 % Wepot Raner oF Terbine + GSH Par RE ead ond esse AN lange Voqvid axpcce (e.g. Reservoirs) fs Ee a a a heod VLLUSTRATON sHOMWING THE BEHAVIOR OF ENERGY GRADE UNE (Ec Lt) ANP HYORALLIC GRADE LINE cueet) ) The pump shown aes otter From resewoir A at elevothco Om ord) Vets i} 40. resenocir B at elevotion com. re ese me eS pm A to 4 NO Noes fre veloc Fead we BOMM dormeter pipe ord tre css oF bes pom arts is ten times dre velocity beod 6 omm da- meter pipe. Oetermire tbe eted houseromwer o be PUMP ord He pressure beads of 1 od 8 5 meters wines the MNecrage s Sees 76 « : : aolotion * Q= Qt Aa= OOF Gerera\ Equation : ea + BAS eet pe +e pom piovre Eas PAs EQ tHE 77s 5 P= ASRA WL = PULL, + HLo-5 SN Pe Ne % NA 4 B+ Fg HH as x z so, wae (eg) ) an AV v7 a via. = a/ooes" \ _ KC ala. ae a i HLg-e= 10 (Nie az ANwe \ 38 o.c8* T (ois) (vs) ae _ Meo = 1:Cas ole Woes 12 [ cae" Ne JHEGer = eas) a wer nn cue = ocasm + ee - ae RL L8e2 mm = Spring Leaf id nas ee + Mh CDs Oe EE HA ~ 51. 862 foawer, P= QyRA P= 0.a8 (asico Alen?) Cer reas P= 1S Wao “ots wove Ahp = WHS watts Pris 4.70 wee x Ane FAG ett P= 20. ay he Eas Bact BY por o- Ean BE Ee, 2,0 ° © BE yh ae ye v ot osios font e as) ) ~~. a e ; 9-96. —oF Miata ee ee ee a ae ee a bh UAL: — a i= Qe eon Gerera) Eq's S Ey -Ee + HlLae & Es - Wao” Fe a eR we, B+ dys Ne. “2+ Je Mears a % co) x (cos! o fg So = ot 4 GO HED 2(a.9') xy oe 22aQm v a) frp 66 crown brings vay oi’, a= O75, to reservoir Dat aco Wes PET seco). Toe ereay = prem cto 0 i 73 3). How orony a does are Roe supply ? phe pete is kk eppcien*, how ach power ie ceeded? weet we are election oF He oo grode line gost ofter Ane pote? lost pOD A to Bis 1s YR ond — ‘ i a Spring Beaf Hla-e = te Vn) Jevle =m n ML a-e= 1:9 Mn tem Oe Eien ae oe sslues . _Gerera\ Eq'0 | - E+ WA= Eot WE AL as + LWA = Ea* + AL _ oro+ 168 + BPA = OF 4+ GE cat if HA = G2.G P= SBRA _ e- oa (aac) Cea.c) Pe AF, WEA KY a —_ -_ oe wee «age SESS Ow OCU OTC TCU TCU CF Pinpot = W524 kn Q election oF eg) est copter He poe = 13.9 me 2) Wetec eves 0 PT Aron a BO-mm g pice or 2D KR. \t lene= re pomp at Iho *R Arougs a WOT pipe. IF te plow me io eo “/e (rote. Neglect the pecdloses) a. Compete tne velocity diechoroe pie b. compute te erenyy ocded by he HTP eRe fe rere poe dlvecd to by re ETP Gs Ave; 2: 28 7s ow Me = WT (ow)? We) 4 Na = &.4ee Ts ©) Gerena\ Ea'n ! Ee > Yk + pe Es WA = E+ A= Ga Ne R WA = : A Zo Su aya ag % a < Wo = z 7 2 Goce | a ee ene CPI) i ie alas) S:3) aise) a RA = 19-905 (6) P+ aspen P- owe (aoe) Lemos) ao, 459.35 wets x) hp mais 7 THS “ote Pe ava be __ ee 4) re pice Flow in te Fore . Se or = freserizedt ob iA the took, Accuming Fro-oN - Ser rote is s.ons Te. a. Fie the wetsoty = ro ~oter I Pipe bb. Find tre Fecdicse ceglecheg ice | | © Fed the soge pressive a a Plow rote aelat ~ F Sons Sen Given + —_ @Q= c.ong ™h Fr oo ‘ Solution | a) @~ AY — sone le = T (cos)? W) 4 ; N= oua Ms bB) Using Darcy Weisbach Formola Hue bp = pl ve a Dos 8S = he = cs 18D 4 BO ({ low? i mes Valery HL = Whe = 80-86 2 E = Ey + Wb a a N+ + Zt RA = Na, fe Bg Oe as & 33g v 7 2 _ eee a GAR — Se a(ae) P= 1420. 8 KR = i $aipron 8 drowieg oil prom recervoie ce shown. The hecd boss prom 440 a is Mm ond the Nec ‘ese Ton atos is asom oF oil eo. Find tre velocity s+ © b. Find tne discharge c Rad he pressive at pot © com a) hs Eat Soe aes @ a = o : anne AZ Aw a 8 oS & Woe Vm 4 9.20m = 270m _ © Si eee Tsetse 9-49-43. oe alas) Na = 3.9 mis b) a- AV = T (o-o2¥ Gs) ae = 4 Qs Pas non Ne —— ©) R= Eat wL 2 a NOB ows % as z : ag v : a Oo+ O+ 48049 = (3.13) x (a2!) a.2\ (0-28) R = - 20.95 ¥S @) re turbine - NED qerercior shown © Fe through 7T5O mn ¥ penstooKk RSO™ \erg, Neoding = FOm SF reservoir whese Mote: ste is ot Gevesicn (62 on. i the. pecsteck the velocity OF Flow Fr cos, re tai\roce is is au Ts, soter surFoce elev: ROM od tre residual velocity reco is e.om. he eppicenny oF ee turbine os coh ord thot of +S gerenstor Sook. a. Yow much ereey 5 extracted by the 4urbine 7, : a eee TO pet to re Nice? EP ha ie aes FE oOo i D-o.75m Sarwrion + Gerera\ Ea's : - Wes ee ee E, * Eas PEs we we PR Ne" B, ag, vs : ag 1% ° fer WL, BU = Hp = FLV? _ oc (asc) ( (2.45% Sowa ons ala.ss) he = B.456 ™ 2 a ~“ a ae “5 Rm Jo + NEL a y as a : O + OF 1GQ9 = OIBMR + O% 12+ HES B45 HE = Gs. cam b) P= SzHE fF Qe AV = T (e758) C94) 4 Qe\ os le P= ech (a.010 Ver) (coca) pe a oe ee ea A Cv WA a ere GN oF oS? ic being pompes prem a lower | reservoir Ce. Yom) to em ected tank CEI. 9O™) es sown 9 Fogsre IM- oo. we pepe we systen is 18 quciest ade tte at ao WY We fot) bec eee roe ce ene oan Comer oF eel me Ea a b 6 cme eee b __ pipes saad ¢ om soo TT od Somn respective pe ee aD a. _@1GR Se D b. o.188 a. onay SNe = See Stolp mens) heod (meters? ct nee c. lus y b. 1aQ a ere eon wares nme, » in Kw? » a. 17-5 oc. a7 » b. 165.5 a ee ) 7 Req'd , PP en eal > ) ’ y ) y ) ) - > » . ee ee eee Pet — — __Pourput — —___ Bio KY P= sta ay e@ (a3) fo 28)) ja .571a a tes Ea RAs Eat he a ONE gg ae Se 5 a a % 33 % 7 + Oo + Noy HA = Me 4S BBO 4 ABO J alas) Pies VS Veloce be ees ei NSE a 7 pom 1. © orot NO+ 14.579 Al set -29e4t 15 T(os¥™ 2(a-s1) — a SS ee cea DATE: Pe _ ; . a, @ = T (e018 (8-60) y 4 ee j 3], B= 0-132 s HA = \A- 371Q 19-579 a S. 13a RA = las. airs Anoimer SolGtion : Eee Ane aoe eae 3 vA 8 Ne ® “ee Sicce Nv za” Ss a W's) Co") 2 So +O NS 4 19.51 SQ a x (a =) fo »)! Q@= o15a mje FLuiIo FLOW Ww e leminar and Tertient Flow * Peas locces i Pipe Flow Pice Le) commecting, Two Resewvoiss Pipes corrected) 9 Sees ocd in Belle! a\|e\# Three, Reservoir «= Problems ready Flow | mo Trrpes @ Lemirar Fow Reyrels's Number, Re Re 4 acco @ Werle Flow Re 7 #00 Reynold 's — fumber Fr __Pive= powrirg FON, vD 7 Re PF Re=YP Mw v eek P where. Not mean velocity | oils D = Diereter G pipe, a Vt kirenahe weasity of eS pd, Ts Ba cedlte a dyromic vecesity, err Ree a a a re a ne a aru ™S TS, —-Z =F bE ee FOO con cirevlar pipes use D+ un VD 4) rea MK MM v My dractic Hydraulic Radivs, R= x~sectiora) aren oF Ripe, A : Pipe perimeter Pp A wetted Perimeto- [s$—“+ Sa ? 3 ateid aArb en saameels 5 React = lcsses & Pipe Flow — © Major fess loss : - caused by pipe _Etichon @ Mcor — Loss | - oreed by crorges 1 velooty Airections of flow ~ due to cresge in size oe direction , | “coercion, ec. 99 Darcy - Were boo Farm Vici Fr ericticn = FOOST Le leh of he OE en le O= Diarreter ce he PIS mle Ve mesn or vemos Velocity Ss /iS/s @.is *e dictorge /plow aie, mle [| Me per larirar plow oY Re a por Torbrlem Flow, @O coOEBROOKR ERUVATION: dene ~aieg) (2/2 \ (2:2! Je [Let 2 Lee IF @®_ faalond Baucticn : ; \ Tee TF B70 @ Mernirg's Famla - oe co *e bvbest krow CREN CRARDEL FORMULAS or) oS coment ose) pipes cea vol RS 0 4 , PaaS eo ene aor - ( —__ nv] we pate _ be \'2 2.08 5~ ie D ceaolT —____ 3b ee ees pis where = De reugeress cepricient R= bydrallie Rattus. R= (Be 4R P : S- slope co HS ESL ee T/L ore pees: slope ) oh = He 4 } — = ; - eg! L ss , ee ; ee Q= AV a _ a A Ty (oy eae ok \ te wy? . \o eae La oF e/5 ’ ' aay . Le \ergth of pipe, ™ Br Dischawe / How Bie | Tle O+ Diarretes oF Pipe : Gar roughness oseppicest (meninges ) Bete: For — eae pipe bse D=4R t © Hazen - WiWaren Formla - a TSS oo 0.47 La rg 889 Ss D where * 7 Ls lest) of Pipe, B= _Cischorge LF row - rere, ™L Ce Hazen Whiten eae De Dioreter of He pice > a ae ee OATE Piece led cComectQ, Wwe - Resewocies, - when oe oOo more piePes Sores 4 reservoies 08 SOHN OO FRgure M- 01. He toto) Fecd loss i oll He Pipes ic Seal xo thre dippererce election Go quid eurpeses ce tre resevow. = T FIGURE SM- O41 Pipe (@) Commected in Series ~ yor pipes oF direst diameters: commectes in senes Ge chown iF FiQvTS JM-oa, he Aischare 4 oN Fipes ore Sneus\ acc lacetSta\ hecdilllces qua) to re am oe re Wick) he, + OFS + DFG Exompes » A pepe remwok coreists oF «Pipelire 1 con Ato ©, ten ot & 4 & covets t0 pirelires acd 5, when ik omeroes Sain ot jem ¢ * porn & araie picelire 4 wt Dd: Pipelines 4,9 oS 4H ore ip eenes commectiorS weeecs Ford & ae penile) “ee ead ther. = ee pet che all pew wera & xs lee as aEUT IG, Fe o.oe ror pies, conpite the Polowirg: ae Ore a plow oF pipeline 3 @rere oe pow ao pipet] 2 — 6 oe necch \css, — A +0 O Diarreter Leng Pipelines \ BDO 3 fF 2000 = a scommd aaca 7 3 acommnd aca 4 . Koomn p PRED Gives. t= A = eo le Froce Read. o 2 as, @ Bi, Onn & HF acD Sat @s n¥e —* © ee CU o- bFa-5 = OR, + Des t DFS a as 2) ee — lage. at Lee” (DF Cx 2200 (Qe) ~ 250 (a.)* (o.3)” Ceo.a)® Qa = 2. 2228Q, —- © o From 5. GY a. = me + Ge _Qi= 3.2885 Gn4+ as O:O\ = 3-3235 Qa + Qs “5 8) Ges a-a1e 210° ® since Ba ~ 3.2235 Qs = Ga ~_ >. 9895 (2.013 x0 » Sy Ga = 1-687 x10 ‘Ss © s - MEe-o = OR + bees hey > : — or DRa-e - he Hee + ors a \ Cec)” hr ereee FHeE - suns (ouce) (gre) (2 e202 le ay _ = = 150m Wee = o.cs0 FLAS o ne De® Ges) oe ae “ocnacp la Gu® = S.c00g (oc) (m3) (o'21)” ee Ss ae SONS ; HE aco + OF. + bre + bee HE ao -(-e5_ + oc + ‘o.cus) a) Pipetine | aA ® erected “40 pipelines, Baadc “oS .cne (0-28) 260) 6.687 meth WrIdS ore parallel to exch orem st Gestion siecle. piveline D. we wte & Pow oF oer Aros pirelice A & oc “ls aa He wri “Read \ess ° From Ato D ie aon. a roe \ oF piveiine | Ss b. Compute he eke oF Pow of peelire B co Compete tre diometer oF Pipetine i yard wermss ain ot irction x fo forma Pipes Leroi Diometer Hazen Millierms, ¢ A econ BOM F 2° e BAG om Gorn ¢ ee cs \com 22 za ao oD Bom atorm f a> Given Q,z= o.cs iF 8 Wap = a.om ) Deaf Pee itetk &% & co Sot mE EPS OEE ee FM NE bre = hFe —* © tap SEA 4 Fe /pee oe Re eo © Ves n 10.67 La Ga 0.41 (200) (0.08) ata TSS aT a - " cn © gs) (e2) a Hee = 45S : v1 ea 10 -G7 (se) le-.08) aa 1\0.a7le@n 2 rs 437 ves 5.) co Os, Gacy (o-ae hee = 2:80 From ea.4, hea-o = bea + Dfe * HED Fe = 37 No. pate ge 10:-@7 ( eo) eT y nS) Gar Rete (e.ce8) "°° oes Oo +e CaS eee Oe ee a osu Yemen — diameter aa pirdine < ( Orow the cpprowiratte ECL ors GL a a A x» 3} w a eae er a (ous) 2 EA s \tEe = ¥ \O- 25 Os ») Le Dee og (0. oa). (see) Ce: 1s)" _———_—_————— Se e120 (e:S:2) ae S (ese) Se “. Teta) HeoS Loss = HF,a 4 FS * Fe : = (asa + BH.0e4 4a.2s) > DWyat BAR ol 3.10 Is Hleqivaless > aa.\am Lequiwalen} = 1800 4+ I1BOO+ WO WOO™M z —— SY RE rey ag = 3 ss ee 2 225 ya 2 z=) 36 xo ts ee Z= & ll 1 Xvaries joint as Yad tbe quae wot oF zy a : a) x2 - y= 2[" a va x= 4 % varies directly 8 te Ste FY at mverely Fe I Seeker eee eer eer ree Cee cee etree ete eee ere eee - : 7: ef su | | * ay % = = —— aes : - or 2 ° oo : ss a [ [ _ a e s —4=—— —— 2) x _ — : . 9: i [ s - . 3) Ene i Zz ’ \ % a . 2G : - — = ® ye 4} — : - a a Sais Ee Ll “Varies mvuersely ASE 5 ) x= 02 | eyes — : x= 10 (3) Se —_—_—wv~ a - co X vories directly os 2 (@&) A el = 2 a 3) a ic. — 5 - Camm amca . ‘ Tua errr w Ye CUCU | | a ee Se 4) Win se welecitty oF ims He acon, ShOWD, colwicte. : = ~ oo Ane bead + Froce yr all pipes ond solvtion : $$ “bra tre = @ He, ao —o® Qt Se + Ss 7 OS Qu Qa Ge —-@ ___ Mle ee eu Seat enema er We Mien - ee 2 See te DANE. QQ. = AM a> (oa b) 4 3 Q, = coat ™ Is 3 np > Genes el Gu _ 2-089 (0.08) (ses) (o.s00)7 a 3s = (e.a)° HR, = 18S oy From ag. © _ be the sso 4 Lies Kre = o.ctaGElaGa” all 9 .ceac (0.02) (s00) a," sac (sey Ger occa “/s From eg. © B+. Ga = Gs 20314 4 O.08GG = As a a ainteen Ca) bry = bes * _2- 28S Fly” °.R5GF Ly an = oS ee 8 ® sae ge hea’ i eee ON Grae ec be) a —_ - = en ec pee SS eer eee esse 2°) ers) ee Oa Ba One) 44 sdLeweee Qu + Qn = ae oO. N80 1.1847 @et Qo = Qo = _O. OSHS m/s @yq 2 11547 Qs ~ @ye 11889 (o-os4e) Gat 0-0g08 cats por a © We Ping oe OF + re DEH bees DR =) 58m _ ’ he, =< Fe * oroeae Flaai 0.0806 (o.c2) (ee) ©0283) is De Gaye a a 2 Fs penn 29a (O- oa) (200) (o- WO) as De® gees (C=) ae a OARS ey PoOve equa) salves oF Erichen Factor img eicg the AdoUicted. Pipeline leroy Diameter \ coom eo 2 asom aot 2 Isom com a Compute tre POW ote co Flow oF Praline Ain Mers/cen b. Compste he plow rote CF FISY & pipeline ae tee Nir Jee c Compre toe te Go Pow o&~ picclme C it ttt i th eth Pe Fi th cot. vt yh stowage ath i en ee eee a et Ge * | Qe = 2.295) Qa — © | HEA = Fe _ 7 ce nee ee Oe 2 Se ran ee B Da” De | »| o NSN GV GUD DAPTFIUASSPBOUP IF PSF UV EEUU TE Ee : , ' | ; VS Se = a.2as1 (a) Gon Gane ( o.16¢5 ) Qe- oO: 2867 = le eac.7 "* leec prom a. © G~ ©-2QNUG GA Ge* @c* O.sang (o.1ces ) 0.0547 ™ le we eA Wey sec Eee SE eee teat eee nee ere CEE Cnet EEE ema Vvwwrwvr ee Te Tree Reservoirs FPotlen i Chess 45 Reservoirs of diprerent election) Procedure : @ lecste GS - point ce esecton G EGL'S = Birectly ceove Ame chon @ pow Gee cous correcting @ ord He Laud See ® lobe) WE Aictarces = Vertical ————— bees, God the Liquid: eurpaces” @ Wlete He diechon op ow ean pr : Mote: if RG, R aeplies 3 iF R84 G, J opplies R | Examples + ) From tbe oven Fighe, tre rote o Flow : EE 7 From reservoir A is o.a i a. Commie tte becdlas i Pipe 8. ce | | | | | fa 1. an ) Qa = Get Ge ; Hazen -Willkams Formula \1o C7 vanes bro—ss aT Salvtion : 10-7 La an ec eco) Co. a)or ep 2ST ara mae ~ Geo) (a2) aa prom he PSUS, es as - be_A = 42.7392 7 [Sas Ae. 75387 6 eS anil os 10-67 LeQ: 10.67 (sce2) & Peis : F < D (ice) (ese SERIE eects recover tt ccc treet cecal ceed ore neato 1 10.67 be Pe in ae ron te POE, tres Ye * 9O™ ee = (42.7383 + GO)m = 102.7833 ™ 468 188 = me a a) Wree vipc> meet at Suction *- cserwoir % ie ok devotion 339 ™ is core ce POW pom \o-.o7 vss) (c-ca25) . ae) (de) “ O84 1ey mm prom Reeervoiss 4, 2 OTS © Rescrvoir 4, aM Soe me e Wiores* reservoir 2 Ss We collate the Folens | a. Discharge Horolgn PpiPe A — b Deckarge tray pire 3 eS ec. Bevoticon OF ae a a eo Se ; - oo Pipes Diameter Lenght Spring Beaf dg get ep ww f 7 ~~ e ce +e5 {re 10.07 La @a 10.07 (aes) lo.cos eg eo : = Po aoe Cc mate (SS=) SE i Mrs sere eee sere reeset uw = al 10.07 (soe) Ce) a 5 - = coy (ee ae bre = 2! ane@s) ee ee aQ* o.cob=* as — © so, 2) - bF, + HRS < as 4. noe Gy aan (a+ o-c08) "= as Q=ocs le, ae by as= a + ocos ° @s= 0.284 0.co5 Qs= O.g10qg “Vs 2) Section co eservoir Q ~ elev oF resencir 3 fie eines Hee = 21- ae CaS ia Ra = a ane (o-stea)” = Fs = 24. cesar SE oF reservoir A= 9874 au-cea> + 3.2a09 Cle. oF _reserneir 2 = ass. coaa am (a uff tounill. oni cat aeittent tai nee oe pau Soe oe oe eK cen ww ke DATE: 2) Resevoic> A, Bord C ore comected by s pies wae a. b. Commute te discroros © 5S Cc corte te Osctoge © CS Pipes Diereter OF) Lersth > ts A of NSO OAs a es au o.ons ce °. 2d 280 ooresd a o.ceas (O-o19e 450) C@a) a. ocnes (ovcrse) (iso) (GO Ce.s)? Bas oom carla! FROM dhe Ficure Gn = HF, + HES Gr = orm +hFB Fet om o.c8aG Flea Qs pg Se nce De — ae : is ~ ORIG Coens) (ane Seay" ‘Cous — He, ~ Be = o.case ™/. SS: Gs = Gas a 2: SOAS = O.canc +c Be = Oa mts CHAPTER 3: FLUID FLOw MEASUREMENT Device Coerricients - @ CoepRiciest oF Discharge Secs © Cosppiciest oF NElacity | Gv © compcest oF ¢ eres | Ceres Ge ONte Ao eee - we rho + Abe cetua) = Diecharge 7 joragh he cevice fo te Beal & - Bresretical diecharce HIER CUS cor witrost losses. [ en eg = AoRO! Diecrerge TWweoretiaa\ Diechorde , Gt Q as -a = ~ we roto oo Se ectual mean velocity eo, XS ideal ox 4oeoretias! velooty WRIES eid cocud wiiroor lesen. < Actua) Velocity , ¥ ee a > : < Wrecretico! Velocity, Ye N PE ee coerpicient i rario ce OE OH oren om tre comtracted section oF Ae Strear, o je wee oreq CF he sem yoroug> Wes HE PUIG Flowc, erccarn / jer Awa oF Area oF Gpening, or COmMmmacNan | Co Tae og. gn gt otf --E5-8 ORFICE -— an oeiFice a on erg Cvenoly eiroslar ) Sua a ceed perimeter AAU nich pUuid plows. > Rs eed primarily 40 menace oS comes! Se Pow & pela, ———er = [oo Seo oe Pipe : DATE: C +A : a pa : oe TE ) y 3, |r Bao : ) = a a z ee ) Xs aa v cor ) oro *H = oO + Na 40 Vv ; ag, a a wa Y ag : , — |. recetical Se a ' oa orce = | N= aut N= Gy ) } ee ae Bar ) | Aco! Ne\ecitty , @= AN Ge Co | Derivation * Actual Oschaoge , , Q= Cau . A\so , : - ¢ @= Actual Arvea a * Actus) Velesty Vt @= av @- (Ace) (ev Ne) 7 ‘ oot Ga ANA ‘ pom «a. ® ‘ Qs Seccer | were . ee \ c= CcCy 7 DATE Trajectory equation oF Finjectle 2 5 ~ ave con & DATE nl EE EEE EEE Et t rom ain © : ; - + : rr jreyt eee TER SP Oe ’ Sres 4 aestivte @ to © ‘ A 2 S ~ Neos & a Ne coc 8 ‘ a ‘ ~*~ ye = z ft ae cos ) ‘ HEAD LOST E | - Ane head lest AHrouah Vester) merer=, eipices, Woes, ood) =rozmies Tay be expressed) cs: whe HS te —= Ay 2 Toeerstica) 5 py Bermeulli's Fain B- ty f | Se P 2 h —_e —- Z—= Ea) aa) aie, 3S v a % men axe [Aa \? sae Berroulli$ Eatatios | ag AY = From ane eq’ a] es a Ni fs) xz, Wa7ea Pe he x a a yy, a a Aa la a Na % AY as na a re SE es) =f =e eae NIE 7a << ale La Na Ghecetian) = \ % ) Ne coat P\- CAST AS? Considering, ead lost wermeen 1 ord 2 =, - Ge * WE 4. 4-4-4" 6-6 9D en ee ee el ee 1s/' Ae erie on &., werheol well, Rong mead oF IST oe oo (sa = ow). \* Aiectarges qjeat o ol 6 Ww cords re Amiectory 2 \n \o \9 measres Yield Xe 2m ond Ye vem. Acer Ae crea GF opening js Ben", Colevicte Are = aerniclest oF Velosty, Cv. Ca\clate Bre coepicient = OF comiraco, Ce. Colosiote _ yee | coeppiclest op cchorge, Cc. Caloviate awe oren OF OWES Comet. Q 4 3 SQV VveueTwve~TTrevye sem ewe eM STMT MSGI MVM FI FS SGO SESE ST = ee a are "ass & . ~1.80 = 9.4 ton Co") - 9:3! (a.4) a Vice (3°) Wes mls + ectual selacity Nes fags = JalaayG.13) Nez Hon m/s a Qe VO eols Ne yay mls & @= ceaat ou 38 secs aaich (o.30) 3 Ax o.ccarm @= ca Jagh o-cos) = Cc za i \ (fated oe) d Yoo? C= 0.G34G bo C= Cecy i S-G8Ng = Ce (o-.ae4) Ce = O10 DATE: We ae ee eR = Urder GQ coretamt Need ca shown. he cide oe wre took TSS ST Weiricon oo An AN re total depth or Wetter oP tre tork f& = Wye G.TOM oad we oipice is loccted hes @com ckove he tonk. Negleckra or " pesistorce od essing, c= eo, Setter mice ane _yolowirg | a. Thre totime regs | ko WER he 5k > wi) nee csove we oxipice. 9 re pont +s ke en AM ahrike a ) venzonta) plane aor below he Botton ye Re ok : . r yc re Nene FW tokes For He ft to rite a j horzotol plore no Ow the boron oF tre tock: ' DNe = earva) ve\ooy Ne Cy Jag cal sia v=o faGed (2) ae Ve 7.c1mls Va = Jags ieee tak 762) eisus’ 7? * ‘ ala.e Vran = ).5O Another (Soltion © pom posic= . yr Ney" = 834 or NbP- s04 Ney" = 297 2 (Nesine)"= alg) : re G.ctein ud) alae) WW) eee 1 ysomn 2) asp. tans a RVo cos'S _ (ste+ ao) x tan us’ - 93) Sy a G.cty con? (45) ee x = Next x2 Necse 4) nas 7-67 cos Us") Lt) t= 1.cas de ee he — man DATE: 2a) A romm diereter cireviar _storp = ary cGrpice Gt the side oF O tonk cones weoter Under as bess oF am. \e wre coerRicie SF comiracticon cc = O-Gs SG he headicet (S$ alommn, compute the Siecharge gna ee a ome Aiscrarge , ©: ou S2G@rwecoqeewe Vw eM MEE A\SSVHESESS salviion _ - - + @ = heam| woter | ® tom Bomm Giver Ce = O-GD eae DATE: ————_—— = deo ala ENO) - Nee 7.67 mls .. thecretical ~welocity, C= GeCy c+ co aslo =) ce © GON B= CA, Jagh een Ge (c.cs¥ Resn& -3 > Bz A.102q wi e/s DATE: —__ AD -oripice boning crea oF O. cores? ie ctteched tO a vertical & 3 4.726 = \e) aoe +o-3 Go cleat Tie 11 cetcal ciate | Cz Grown LD QreEo a : ~~? a o16579 So - ev. De - = 0.007% SRR eT”. Ul | lo! |

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