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Pushpak Data Mining

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Premant Chaudhari
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Pushpak Data Mining

Uploaded by

Premant Chaudhari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Introduction to BIG Data

Name:Pushpak Mahajan
Roll Num.:47 (A)
Subject: Data Mining
 Introduction to Big Data
What is Data?
The quantities, characters, or symbols on which operations are performed by a computer,
which may be stored and transmitted in the form of electrical signals and recorded on
magnetic, optical, or mechanical recording media.
What is Big Data?
Big Data is also data but with a huge size. Big Data is a term used to describe a
collection of data that is huge in volume and yet growing exponentially with time. In
short such data is so large and complex that none of the traditional data management
tools are able to store it or process it efficiently.

 “Extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns ,
trends and association, especially relating to human behavior and interaction are
known as Big Data.”
 Examples Of Big Data
Following are some the examples of Big Data-
 The New York Stock Exchange generates about one terabyte of new trade data per day.
 Social Media
The statistic shows that 500+terabytes of new data get ingested into the databases of social
media site Facebook, every day. This data is mainly generated in terms of photo and video
uploads, message exchanges, putting comments etc.
Twitter

 A single Jet engine can generate 10+terabytes of data in 30 minutes of flight time. With many
thousand flights per day, generation of data reaches up to many Petabytes.
Tabular Representation of various Memory Sizes

Name Equal To Size(In Bytes)


Bit 1 bit 1/8
Nibble 4 bits 1/2 (rare)
Byte 8 bits 1
Kilobyte 1024 bytes 1024
Megabyte 1, 024kilobytes 1, 048, 576
Gigabyte 1, 024 megabytes 1, 073, 741, 824
Terrabyte 1, 024 gigabytes 1, 099, 511, 627, 776
Petabyte 1, 024 terrabytes 1, 125, 899, 906, 842, 624
Exabyte 1, 024 petabytes 1, 152, 921, 504, 606, 846, 976
Zettabyte 1, 024 exabytes 1, 180, 591, 620, 717, 411, 303, 424

Yottabyte 1, 024 zettabytes 1, 208, 925, 819, 614, 629, 174, 706, 176
 Types of Digital Data
1. Structured
2. Unstructured
3. Semi-structured

 Structured
 Any data that can be stored, accessed and processed in the form of fixed format is
termed as a 'structured' data.
 Over the period of time, talent in computer science has achieved greater success in
developing techniques for working with such kind of data (where the format is well
known in advance) and also deriving value out of it.
 However, nowadays, we are foreseeing issues when a size of such data grows to a huge
extent, typical sizes are being in the range of multiple zettabytes.

 Do you know? 1021 bytes equal to 1 zettabyte or one billion terabytes forms a zettabyte.
Looking at these figures one can easily understand why the name Big Data is
given and imagine the challenges involved in its storage and processing.
 Do you know? Data stored in a relational database management system is one
example of a 'structured' data.

• Examples Of Structured Data


An 'Employee' table in a database is an example of Structured Data

Employee_ID Employee_Name Gender Department Salary_In_lacs

2365 Rajesh Kulkarni Male Finance 650000


3398 Pratibha Joshi Female Admin 650000
7465 Shushil Roy Male Admin 500000
7500 Shubhojit Das Male Finance 500000
7699 Priya Sane Female Finance 550000
 Unstructured
 Any data with unknown form or the structure is classified as unstructured data.
 In addition to the size being huge, un-structured data poses multiple challenges in terms
of its processing for deriving value out of it.
 A typical example of unstructured data is a heterogeneous data source containing a
combination of simple text files, images, videos etc.
 Now day organizations have wealth of data available with them but unfortunately, they
don't know how to derive value out of it since this data is in its raw form or unstructured
format.
• Examples Of Un-structured Data
The output returned by 'Google Search'
 Semi-structured
 Semi-structured data can contain both the forms of data.
 We can see semi-structured data as a structured in form but it is actually not defined
with e.g. a table definition in relational DBMS.
 Example of semi-structured data is a data represented in an XML file.

 Examples Of Semi-structured Data


Personal data stored in an XML file-

<rec><name>Prashant Rao</name><sex>Male</sex><age>35</age></rec>
<rec><name>Seema R.</name><sex>Female</sex><age>41</age></rec>
<rec><name>Satish Mane</name><sex>Male</sex><age>29</age></rec>
<rec><name>Subrato Roy</name><sex>Male</sex><age>26</age></rec>
<rec><name>Jeremiah J.</name><sex>Male</sex><age>35</age></rec>
 Big Data Analytics
 Big Data Analytics:
 Big Data analytics is the process of collecting, organizing and analyzing
large sets of data (called Big Data) to discover patterns and other useful
information.
 Big Data analytics can help organizations to better understand the
information contained within the data and will also help identify the data
that is most important to the business and future business decisions.
Analysts working with Big Data typically want the knowledge that comes
from analyzing the data.
 Application of Big Data

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