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Sinusitis

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Rohan Suryagandh
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24 views

Sinusitis

Uploaded by

Rohan Suryagandh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sinusitis

Introduction -

Paranasal sinuses is the air filled spaces present around the nasal cavity

There are 4 pair of nasal sinuses namely

१. frontal sinuses (at the bottom of forehead)

2.ethimoid sinuses (at both side of nasal bridge)

3. maxillary sinuses (at upper jaw near the maxillary bones)

4. Spinoid sinuses (behind the nose between eyes)

The main function of the sinuses is to provide passage for mucus secretion and humidifying air before
it's reaches to lungs

Definition :

Sinusitis is the infection and inflammation of the paranasal sinuses it is secondary to rhinitis and
common cold.

Types of sinusitis

According to there location there are four tyapes

१. frontal sinusitis ( affect to the frontal sinuses and location of the pain is around the forehead)

२. maxillary sinusitis( it’s affect to maxillary bones and location of pain is at upper jaw)

3. Ethimoid sinusitis( this is mostly affected type of sinusitis pain located at nasal bridge

4. Spinoids sinusitis

Causes/etiological factor

- infection(bacteria,viruses,fungi,)

- dental infection

- ear infection

- Anotomical deformity(septal deviation)

- Alergant (smoke, dust, perfumes, pollagrain)

- environmental factors (climate change, pollution, animal dendrils)


Pathophysiology:

Due to etiological factor

Infection and inflammation of the mucosal lining

Excessive secretion of mucous

Inturpution in drainage of mucous

Accumulation of mucous in sinuses

2°ry infection and inflammation within sinus cavity

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

Clinical manifestations of the acute sinusitis depend upon the sinus involved

Maxillary sinusitis: Can cause pain or pressure in the maxillary area icheek, jaw, guma and teeth) and
cheeks become reddened, edematous and tender to the touch. Pain is aggravated on steeping or
coughing

Frontal sinusitis : Can cause pain or pressure in the frontal sinus cavity. Pain is localized over the
forehead and the patient complains of frontal headache.

Ethmoid Sinusitis : In ethmoid sinusitis, the pain is localized over the bridges of the nose inner canthus
and between/behind the eyes

Sphenoid Sinusitis : Sphenoid sinusitis can cause pain or pressure behind the eyes, but Often refers to
the vertex or occiput of the head.

Other symptoms of acute sinusitis can include.

Tiredness , malaise, bodyache, decresed sense of smell, Tenderness , sore throat, fever

Diagnostic Evolution
 History collection
 Physical examination
 X ray of sinuses
 Rhinoscopy
 CT scan

Management

1. Antibiotics : most of cases sinusitis is cure by antibiotics. Amoxicillin is 1St drug of choice for sinusitis

Doxycycline and augmentin are also used

2. Nasal Decongestants: Use of decongestants such as pseudoephedrine and oxymetazoline helps in


relieving the nasal obstruction and mucosal swelling thereby improving drainage of the sinuses.

3. Antihistamines: If allergy is suspected along with sinusitis, antihistaminic drugs are required to control
allergies. This may include diphenhydramine, cetirizine, and fexofenadine and a

4. Conservative measures: Over the counter (OTC) medication such as acetaminophen or paracetamol
and ibuprofen can relieve some of the symptoms associated with sinusitis, such as headaches, pressure,
fatigue and pain.

5. Steam Inhalation: Medicated steam inhalations (Tr. Benzoin or menthol) through the

SX management:

Intranasal Antrostomy: In chronic cases a surgical operation to produce a permanent or artificial


opening to an antrum in a bone, so providing drainage for any fluid.

Balloon sinuplasty : To perform the procedure, the surgeon threads a guidance wire through the nostril
and into the sinus cavity opening, which is then followed by a small balloon. The balloon is inflated to
enlarge the sinus opening, allowing the sinus cavity to drain better.

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