*** UPDATED 18.11.

2023 ***
Before to apply anything, just read this:
Some Microsoft properties and how to optimize for your music production
Every time be careful and think, what you are doing, if you are not sure, just
google for any forums etc.
First of all, make the backup of the system, restore point etc. for case, you will
spot any issue and you would like to return back.
I don't recommend to apply everything down below, just read it, analyse your
situation with DPC Latency checker and then apply.
Other tip, do not update manually Registry using regedit, because you need to know,
what is the consequence with the other part in Windows.
If you do some malware removal etc., try to run it in safe mode - more down below.
Summary
Remember, think twice, make restore points before, backups and measure before and
after the change.
Don't just follow and do everything listed here. Its just an info to assist you,
when you find the tips and how to, read resources.
Tip: Write down the changes, just to quickly refresh, what you did exactly in your
case for change.

Remember *
---------------
Keep on mind, that when Windows Update says "Your computer is ready" and when it
does not show any updates, just click search updates to double check.
Next thing you need to remember is to periodically check MS Store for latest
updates.
Please, keep on mind, that there are drivers, your 3rd party drivers, which are not
maintained by Microsoft updates. Check manually from time to time on manufacturer
site.

Basic terms
Deferred Procedure Calls (DPC)
Interrupt Service Routines (ISRs)

Terms used down below - important!

Levels to follow:
1. Disable in Windows (with their button)
2. Disable driver in device manager
I highly recommend to follow by numbers these steps, rather to disable in Windows,
then just disable driver

What is "good" DPC (Deferred Procedure Call) Latency

Good Latency is that latency, which does not causes you drops, clicks, popping
noises in your audio stream and you don't know about it.
In values, you can take as good latency everything less then or about 200 µs (micro
seconds) in Highest reported DPC routine execution time (µs)
Good to see minimum or no Hard page faults during measurement (just ignore DPC
LatencyMon itselfs)

"Out of scope" tip

I do not recommend it, because of need to set files/folders permissions back, but
it works:
If you are not on English with name of services etc., it could be a problem to
identify the name of services etc.
Good link to switch to English and back to your language
https://support.microsoft.com/cs-cz/windows/spr%C3%A1va-nastaven%C3%AD-jazyka-zad
%C3%A1v%C3%A1n%C3%AD-a-zobrazen%C3%AD-ve-windows-12a10cb4-8626-9b77-0ccb-
5013e0c7c7a2
NOTE: But, BE AWARE HERE, that If you will have any troubles with opening folders,
disk etc., you will need to run Tweaking.com utility Windows Repair - and repair
files/folder permissions

Summary for down below tips

---------------------------
First: Set properly Power scheme. Check it twice.
Expect to find the proper and best fit version of drivers, anti-malware such as
adwcleaner, malware bytes, superantispyware,
I find so useful tools recommended down below such a like Interrupt Affinity Policy
Tool, MSI util v2 or MSI util v3, PowerSettingsExplorer, bcdedit and gpedit.msc.
Check Quick CPU tool with Unpark your cores, boosts(! not only boost, also depends
on your cooling) etc. Down below registry tweaks for Setting up High priority for
executable process.
I also highly recommend this link
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot/iot-enterprise/soft-real-time/soft-
real-time-device
more in detail down below
Please, keep on mind, that one of the most important is Power scheme
Read more down below
***********************************************************************************
*************************************************************
Please, feel free to send me your comments https://www.facebook.com/bySpacer/
Any suggestions, recommendations or your experiences are very Welcomed !
If you like, you can support me buy my track at https://spacer.bandcamp.com/
Thank you!

* Uninstall unused applications *

If you don't use it, Uninstall it

* Run cleanmgr to make more disk space and remove unwanted waste *
* Use intelligent storage management *
Intelligent storage management helps you to make more space on disks and recommends
you, what you can remove or manage
Be aware, that if you have system disk full or almost full, this goes to decrease
your performance too
I highly do not recommend to uninstall windows system components this way such a
like Xbox etc.

* Optimize your desktop *

Move "big" files and folders to another place on disk and make shortcut to it.
Remove not-used shortcuts.

* Network adapter *
uncheck Power Management

* Wifi network adapter *

Disable it, if you don't use WiFi

* Bluetooth *
Disable it, if you don't use Bluetooth

* Universal Serial Bus controllers *

list all your devices using device manager and go one by one and Uncheck Power
Management

* System equipment (sorry, devices:) *

SMBus driver a uncheck Power management
Try, if it is better, if not, you can get back and turn it on.

IntelR Management Engine Interface a uncheck Power management

Try, if it is better, if not, you can get back and turn it on.

Power management schema

If you are on Intel, o to Power management schema and set to Ultra (or High)
- Minimum and Maximum processor to 100%

Power management schema

- To enable High Performance mode in Windows 10, follow these steps:

Search for Command Prompt in the Start menu.

Right-click the Command Prompt result.
Choose “Run As Administrator.”
In Command Prompt window, type the following command:
powercfg -duplicatescheme e9a42b02-d5df-448d-aa00-03f14749eb61.
Press Enter.

powercfg -duplicatescheme e9a42b02-d5df-448d-aa00-03f14749eb61

Rename, duplicate, remove, import, export Power scheme

https://www.xbitlabs.com/export-import-rename-delete-power-plans/

* USB connection check *

First, go to map your USB ports and devices connected. Disconnect blind forgotten
cables, where no hardware is connected.

* Run your device manager and go to View and choose to see "Hidden devices"
I do not recommend to remove system devices. Step 2: Take a look on the "greyed
out" devices - these are unused or disconnected. Just choose show "hidden" devices
in device manager.
If you are using for example printer and this printer is turned off, you will see
it also as "greyed out" - keep it in mind.
But, I recommend to remove these hidden devices, if you are not using it.

* Bonjour *
If you are not using Apple related software and hardware, just uninstall Bonjour
app.
I dont know about any application, that needs to have this Bonjour installed for
their functionallity.

* Optimizing startup and disabling third party services you don't want to start
during startup *
Win + R, put msconfig, go to startup applications. Then choose "Hide all Microsoft"
down below.
Now, go one by one and disable it, "if you don't need it". Try and you can return
it back, if you need it.

* Fast startup option in your Windows? *

Recommend to do not use fast startup those days.
How you turn off:
Power scheme > Change power buttons > Change setting > Uncheck Fast on
startup(recommended) option and save changes.

* Disable notifications by applications you dont want *

Open the Settings app and go to System.
Inside system window, locate Notifications & Actions
uncheck “Show me tips about Windows.”

* Run dxdiag *
DXDIAG
- press windows and write dxdiag (directx diagnostic, check on each tab, that you
dont have any issues).
Follow the results of this diagnosis and resolve it.
If you have code 22 - go to device manager and enable the device. Run dxdiag again
to see, if its resolved.
If you have, you can disable in device manager to prevent from any unwanted lags
etc.

* DISM tool *
If you are not satisfied with the performance or you spot any issues, you can try
this:
run cmd as admin and put one by one these commands:
sfc.exe /scannow
wait until finished
Now put
dism.exe /online /cleanup-image /scanhealth

dism.exe /online /cleanup-image /checkhealth

Dism.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /AnalyzeComponentStore

Dism.exe /online /Cleanup-Image /StartComponentCleanup

Dism.exe /online /Cleanup-Image /restorehealth

And reboot your pc.

* Optimize your disks *

Open This Computer, right click on disk and choose Properties. Optimize all disks.

* Remove malware - 2 ways recommended due to its properties *

I dont recommend magical tools as mentioned, but these 2 are exception - remove
malware is just one of good practice to increase your pc performance and determine
unwanted.
Download and install Malwarebytes (you will uninstall it after use) - run scan and
put into quarantine everything it determines during scan)
and uninstall it.
Download and install SuperAntiSpyware (you will uninstall it after use) - run the
scan (choose Scan for frequently unwanted programs, check for malware database
updates, close active browser windows, delete windows temp files) - run scan and
put into quarantine everything it determines during scan) and uninstall it.

* Check your network activity *

Lot of apps has "Automatic updates" in their preferences, go through and disable
it. I prefer to run the program, when you want and check updates manually for these
third party software.
Check Scheduled tasks - there are a lot of scheduled tasks, you can have
"forgotten" tasks after you removed any software or the regular proper one. Think
about, if necessary to have such tasks or not.
Generally, there is nothing to be removed for the regular one such a like MS Office
etc., but good to know about and I have experienced to find
some "strange" scheduled tasks too, so if you determine such, disable it and later
on / or just remove it.

* Uninstall not-used applications *

The common practice to list applications and find such you already dont use or
maybe your forgot to uninstall.
If you dont use it, why to have it installed. Uninstall it. Reboot.

* Stop unused services in Windows *

Especially in Windows 11, there are multiple services and its recommended to
disable these, you dont use and you dont need.
In general, you can disable telemetry, you can stop fax, if you dont use fax, you
can stop crypto, if you dont use it etc.
Very nice link with guide line and more detail information and how is
https://nerdschalk.com/what-windows-11-services-to-disable-safely-and-how

* Disable automatic updates - install when you choose *

https://www.windowscentral.com/how-stop-updates-installing-automatically-windows-10

* Performance boost with cleanup Windows temp *

press win tab + R
put: temp
press enter
select all and choose delete (skip used)
press win tab + R
put: %temp%
press enter
select all and choose delete (skip used)
press win tab + R
put: prefetch
press enter
select all and choose delete
press win + R
put: %APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Recent\AutomaticDestinations
press enter and delete everything in this folder

open computer
right click on your disk and choose properties
then choose disk cleanup
let computer calculate the disk
then choose temporary files and delete it (do not select downloads, if you want to
keep it)

open computer
right click on your disk and choose properties
then go to tab Properties and choose optimize
click optimize under each disk you have listed there

if you dont play games on xbox, disable xbox bar with the following
press win tab
choose settings
choose gaming
uncheck xbox game bar
also disable game mode

press win tab

type msconfig
choose startup and disable everything you dont need to run on startup windows
press win tab
type msconfig
choose services
check hide microsoft services
uncheck everything you dont need to run
restart pc

press win tab

choose settings
go one by one and disable what you dont use or you dont want, f.e. fax, bluetooth,
transparency effects etc.

press win tab + R

put control
choose System
choose Advanced system settings
Choose Performance - settings
choose Optimize for Best performance
click OK

Do you experience crackling, clicking and popping with your audio ?

Audio crackling
---------------
There could be many reasons for this, I decide to share with you some, that helped
me

* Latency monitor *
Download DPC Latency monitor and you can try below steps and measure this by
running this monitor to check the latency etc.
More below at the bottom of this list
Latency monitor
When I speak about DPC Latency, I speak about the results of DPC Latency monitor,
you can download for free and donate here:
https://www.resplendence.com/latencymon
Please, read about how to use it first.
I recommend to start Latencymon after few minutes from start of the system.
I recommend to run this Latencymon for at least one minute as minimum.
I recommend to do some one change and restart pc and run Latencymon again to see,
if problem still occurs. And continue with the other.
I do not recommend to do "everything" at once to be sure, that your change brings
light.

* USB port used *

- Check your USB ports and specification from manufacturer, its not like USB 3.0 is
better then USB 2.0
by the way, USB is the most probably the reason of any issues (freezing, crackling)
nowadays
(you have enough of cpu, ram, good motherboard)
- If you have USB issues, try another port for your device. Change more times, if
better for connection
USB Hub or not? Thats question, I dont recommend more than 7 port USB, its a lot
and its hardly managable for Win
USB Hub - powered could be also good choice. Depends on manufacturer
recommendations and limitations.
For audio interfaces USB 2.0 is enough (direct connection or USB powered hub)

Dont forget, that its "plug and play", so in any case of issue, just try to unplug,
wait few seconds and plug back.

If you install some device and you do not see this in your application or on your
system, try to turn off your connected device and turn on again. Check the cables.
If everything ok and problem occurs, just restart your pc. If not solved, try to
Turn off your PC and start it again.
This can "resolved" your issue. Just "exit and start again" method, especially with
USB.

* USB controller *
- Check in device manager. I have experienced, that one controller for USB 3.1 is
enough
Depends on your motherboard, you can also try another controller than from
Microsoft (but, its not the core issue to use it)

If you spot the issues with USB disconnecting from sometime, go to device manager,
select Universal Serial Bus controllers,
right click on each one, then click Properties and Power management (the last on
the right) and then
uncheck Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power

* HW conflicts *
- Check hardware conflicts, press windows, write msinfo, check Hardware conflicts
IRQs in general - explanation, what is IRQ and what types of IRQ you can see for
example here: https://tldp.org/HOWTO/Plug-and-Play-HOWTO-10.html
press windows, write msinfo, resp msinfo32 and press enter
(you should know, that two same IRQ channels, if there, could be issue - depends
on, what you are using)
If it is this case, go to device manager and disable for example integrated audio
card you are not using could be good case
DXDIAG
- press windows and write dxdiag (directx diagnostic, check on each tab, that you
dont have any issues).
If you have, you can disable in device manager to prevent from any unwanted lags
etc.
* IRQ conflicts *
MSI interupts: https://tldp.org/HOWTO/Plug-and-Play-HOWTO-7.html#ss7.4
Use MSI_util_v2 or MSI_util_v3
In general to MSI enable / disable
One more note: If MSI mode was a flat improvement it would always be used by
default. These companies aren't completely stupid, the reason it's not enabled is
because of compatibility issues or other reasons.
In the way to resolve HW conflicts with IRQ, thats where I used it. I did not apply
MSI on everything written it supports MSI.
But, depends on your decission, you can try, if your hw supports MSI (you can see
in MSI util, check on manufacturer site).
search google for more information, how to use
Fixing this:
1. We grabbed the Message-Signaled Interrupts Utility v2.0 from github
https://render.otoy.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=9&t=68650 (pre compiled executable is
also available) which enables MSI messaging over the BSOD-inducing line-based
interrupts using Nvidia's latest driver branches beyond 382.33.
BSOD = Blue Screen Of Death
2. Extract MSI_util_v2.exe
3. Right-click MSI_util_v2.exe and Run as administrator (Or the pci-e devices and
GPU's will not display)
4. Enable MSI for each GPU listed (Multiple similar GPU's should be stacked
together) by clicking each GPU checkbox in the MSI column.
5. Click apply in the upper right corner, and Restart your workstation
6. Re-run the tool to to make sure MSI is still enabled
point 4. perfectly works for me.
Resource information: https://forums.guru3d.com/threads/windows-line-based-vs-
message-signaled-based-interrupts-msi-tool.378044/

* CUBASE optimization *
- Try with or without ASIO guard (check which level high,normal,low is better for
you. When using this setting on "high" your computer will allow you to maximize the
number of plugins you can run)
https://steinberg.help/cubase_pro/v12/en/cubase_nuendo/topics/optimizing/
optimizing_vst_performance_window_r.html

- Use High or Ultimate power scheme in Windows

especially, check in power settings->Additional Power Settings->Change Plan
Settings->Change Advanced Power Settings->
Turn Off the hard disc to Never
Sleep set to Never
Allow hybrid Sleep to Never
Same for Hybernate
USB Settings: Disabled
PCI Express to OFF
Processor Power to 100% at all time
- As usual, check for latest version of Bios, Windows, drivers and plugins(!)
- Choose show Latency in your Cubase mixing console to see, what plugin causes what
latency
- Exclude your vst folders and cubase folder from windows scanner

- Check Project setup, if the same for Bit/WAV quality setting vs. your Windows
audio setting

- Multi processing distributes the processing load evenly to all available CPUs,
allowing Cubase to make full use of the combined power of the multiple processors.
Multi processing is activated by default. You can find the setting in the Studio
Setup dialog (Audio System page)

- Disable enhance audio effects on your system in sound settings

- Do not have "record enable" ative on your track(s) - check, that no virtual
instrument track is record armed
- Change buffer size to higher when crackling (especially, if you dont need low
latency during mixing - During tracking you’d like to have the “real time” flair of
small buffer sizes. During mixing you want to make sure you don’t have any
crackles, thus you increase the buffer size.)

- Use Render in Place

A more flexible way of doing this is using the "Render in place" dialog window
which can be found in the menu under "Edit - Render in Place". There are alternate
ways to open this menu holding down any "modifier key while right-clicking" (an
example of modifier keys: Ctrl, Shift, Alt/Option, Cmd) on the project window to
open the context menu or assigning custom key commands
The main advantage of using render in place in comparison to just exporting the
instrument track is that it gives you additional options like exporting the
instrument "dry" which doesn’t include any plugins on inserts, send effects, EQ,
channel strip settings, fader settings or routing paths into the file. However,
when the new file has finished rendering, all your settings will be copied over to
the new audio channel ensuring that everything sounds exactly the same. This will
help to reduce CPU usage which would have been wasted to calculate the instrument
in real-time. This helps especially for some power hungry instruments and this can
improve your computer's performance quite a bit allowing you to run more effects
during mixing. The other 3 options ("General Settings", "Complete Signal Path",
"Complete Signal Path + Master FX") allow you to render more of the signal path
depending on what setting you need
How to Disable an Instrument Track after Rendering
Another step, which is essential to mention, is that in order to actually save CPU
power you have to disable the instrument track manually after rendering it.
The "Render Selection" window only allows you to "Mute Source Events" but that
usually only mutes your MIDI part and the instrument might still be using your CPU
in the background, especially if the instrument isn't a VST 3 plugin. The best way
to disable your instrument track is to select it in the tracklist, right click on
it, and select "Disable Track"
Additionally, to keep perfectly organized, I would recommend hiding the instrument
track so it doesn't take up space in your project window. To do so make sure your
"Left Zone" is visible first, click on the "Visibility" tab and uncheck the
checkmark next to your instrument name.

- Use Direct Offline Processing (audio only)

Rendering Audio Parts in Cubase 9.5
Cubase 9.5 also introduced a new feature which is called "Direct Offline
Processing" that lets you apply plugin effects to either only a small part of a
single audio file or multiple audio files at once. When using this technique Cubase
will update and create new versions of audio file(s) in the background which get
saved in the "Edits" folder for your project. This process is non-destructive which
means it won't change your original audio file(s).
Direct Offline Processing (Audio Only)
To open the Direct Offline Processing tool all you need to do is to select an audio
event and press F7. In the Direct Offline Processing window, you can then add
plugins as usual. The difference here is that the processing will only be done once
in the background instead of having your CPU continually doing all the calculations
in real-time during playback

- Freeze your tracks, if possible (along with any CPU-hungry insert effects, it’s
so easy with the freeze button)
You either choose "Freeze Instrument Only" which allows you to add Insert effects
after freezing on the frozen instrument track, or you can choose to "Freeze
Instrument and Channels" which will also render your insert effect plugins. Note,
that after doing this all insert effects get disabled so you can't change any of
the plugin settings anymore unless you first unfreeze the instrument track
After freezing your track the instrument controls will be locked so you won't be
able to change any parameter. In order to change parameters, you will need to
unfreeze the instrument first. To get a visual feedback that an instrument is
frozen the Inspector shows the "Freeze Instrument Channel" button in orange and the
Instrument name will also change its color to orange. In your MixConsole, it then
shows a star above the channel name.

- Rendering virtual instrument tracks and audio tracks which have plugins on them
is considered a best practice especially when you want to be able to recall a
project in the future. When a DAW company changes which plugin versions they
support you can run into this issue, especially when the plugin software provider
either goes out of business, discontinues their product or doesn't update its
format to keep up with the ever-evolving industry. An Operating System update can
also cause this
- We also can use the "Channel Batch Export" checkbox in the top left corner of
that window to do multiple instruments at once. However, when using this technique
be aware that it will also capture any insert effects, EQ, or channel strips which
have been activated. If you don't want to include this in your export, make sure
you disable them first
Resources:
https://steinberg.help/cubase_pro/v12/en/cubase_nuendo/topics/optimizing/
optimizing_performance_aspects_c.html
https://steinberg.help/cubase_pro/v12/en/cubase_nuendo/topics/setting_up/
setting_up_studio_setup_dialog_r.html

- Turn off virtualisation (Hyper-V in features, disable in Bios, if you dont need
it)

- Turn off HiDPi (Try and see)

- External clock activated

If you have an external clock sync, do you still have an issue when internal clock
is selected ?
Bad clock is fed to your audio interface

* MSI_Util_v2.exe *
Put MSI mode on all hardware, where you have this choice available.
Try to put High priority on graphic card (especially, if you are using NVidia) and
USB ports. Check, if it helps. You will need to restart your pc.

* Power saving option *

- Check your power saver to be set for High Performance
+ If you spot the issues with USB disconnecting from sometime, go to device
manager, select Universal Serial Bus controllers,
right click on each one, then click Properties and Power management (the last on
the right) and then
uncheck Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power
Note - it is not always the best to put high performance and that's it. Also check
unparking your cores
and depends on your cooling system, you will maybe prefer modification of high
performance (min, max for your processor)

* Game mode *
I recommend to do not turn on game mode, once we do not need it for our DAW and it
will prevent us from decreasing performance in our DAW.
More information also
https://devblogs.microsoft.com/windows-music-dev/unofficial-windows-10-and-11-
audio-workstation-build-and-tweak-guide-part-3/

* Visual effects *
Disable Win Visual effects by your custom setting, remove that, you dont need. Yes,
it could be also reason for some crackling..
Specially, Switch Off animated windows by:

Control Panel > System

Advanced System Settings > Advanced tab
Click Settings under Performance, the Performance Options window will appear
Visual Effects tab > select Custom
Untick Animate Windows when minimising and maximizing and confirm with OK

* Switch Off your screen saver *

If you choose High Performance or Ultra, it should be disabled already.
Right-click on Desktop > Personalize , then Click Screen Saver > select None ,
confirm OK

* Mouse pointer - disable *

Go to Control panel, Mouse, Pointer, set Scheme to (None), click OK

* Antiviruses, protections etc. *

- Check, how much you are using antiviruses, malware software, protections etc. and
exclude important folders (Cubase, eLicenser....)
Try to minimize and think, that it could be also reason for any issues, that you
are not able to run your application as you expect

* Disable apps from running in the background, which you don't need *
Open Settings
Click on Privacy.
Click on Background apps.
Under the "Choose which apps can run in the background" section, turn off the
toggle switch for the apps you want to restrict.

Another ways to enable/disable application run in background

Press Windows key + R to open up a Run dialog box. Next, type ‘ms-settings:privacy-
backgroundapps‘
Another way :
Press Windows key + R and type regedit
Navigate to location:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\
BackgroundAccessApplications

* Uninstall unused apps and free up storage as possible *

Go to Control panel, System, Storage
Please, be aware to do not remove system devices or system parts!

* Updated drivers, app *

- Check, if you have latest versions of drivers, app, system
- Tip: You can use Driver Easy to help. Dont forget to make at least restore point
before.

- Disable Power Throttling Settings

I dont recommend to use this, if you do not need it
gpedit.msc> Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > System > Power
Management > Power Throttling Settings
neboli
gpedit.msc > Konfigurace počítače > Šablony pro správu > Systém > Řízení spotřeby >
Nastavení omezování výkonu > Vypnout omezování výkonu
-> double click, nastav Povoleno > Apply, OK

More information about driver updates :

The main remedy to fix a bad driver is to uninstall the culprit then replace it
with a better one. There is one big problem though that causes interference in
modern operating systems, and that is forced Windows updates, as previously
explained in the "Understanding DPC Issues" section. To combat this, there are a
few options that should be pursued, such as integrating registry keys to prevent
Windows update from forcibly installing drivers, unplugging from the internet, or
booting into safe mode without networking.

5A) Update all hardware firmware. Similar to BIOS, firmware is the code that is
built onto the actual hardware. Many devices have firmware updates available, such
as optical drives, graphics cards, solid state drives, internet routers, etcetera.
The easiest way to find these is to type in the model number at the manufacturer
website and specifically look for "firmware" downloads. Take the time to check
every single piece of hardware connected to the computer, both internally and
externally.

5B) Check that all of the required drivers for the computer are actually installed.
To do this, access the "Device Manager" which can be found in the Control Panel,
then check for any yellow exclamation marks which indicate that a driver has not
yet been installed and the device is running in limited capacity. Some of the
device names are easy to recognize, but others will require a Google search to
figure out what they are. Install any missing drivers and see if that fixes the
issues.

5C) After all missing drivers are installed, go uninstall any problematic drivers
indicated in LatencyMon, reboot and then replace the bad driver and see if that
fixes the issues.

Note: only download the latest, official drivers from the hardware manufacturer,
you should not be using 3rd party driver packs, modded drivers, or Windows update
for drivers. Also, be sure to always right-click and "Run as administrator" when
installing a driver. For some drivers you have the option of using the manufacturer
version or the one that comes from the designer. For example, Realtek Audio
supplies a generic sound driver, but some hardware manufacturers will provide a
customized version. In situations like these, try both and see which one works
better.
Resource:
https://www.ntlite.com/community/index.php?threads/guide-dpc-latency.3274/

If the DPC problems persist after installing all Windows updates then the next step
is to try to deduce the device that's causing the problem. Common problematic areas
are:
- Network/WiFi adapters
- Card readers
- Other sound devices that aren't in use
- Bluetooth adapters
- Graphics card
This means your issue could most probably comes from those drivers.
In case of Realtek (very common HW on motherboard) saidly, not every driver works
perfectly and there are a lot of cases described,
the installation downgrade to the older driver fixed the issue.
The drivers, which are not in use - you can find them, when you go to Device
manager and click od Display and select "Show hidden"
When you are going thru the drivers, you can see, there are lines, which are
lighter than else. You can uninstall them, if you dont need
(in my case, I have experienced double monitor, so the lighter one I removed, I did
not remove replaced disks once they were disconnected once
I did not need to have it connected everytimes...the rest removed). This could help
to do not "block" that positions in the system, when not needed
and prevent from unwanted issues.
In case of downgrading your Realtek driver, you could try to disable the option
"Automatic download and installation of manufacturer application.."
- steps: Open Control panel and go to device and printers. Find your pc in the
list of devices, Right click and choose
"Device setting installation". Choose "No" - if you will not find it helpful, you
can choose back "Yes" later..
This will prevent from Microsoft automatic updates for the drivers you would like
to keep older version..
The same thing is to use NVidia HD Audio drivers, also causing issues. The better
way is to install Sound device High Definition Audio (only),
works much better.
I have also installed "Microsoft Realtek Gaming GbE Family Controller(Microsoft)
instead of the Realtek one,
this could also caused the crackling audio.

* Update bios tip *

Bios is important to be updated.
Probably, you experienced, if any issues, also check bios updated to the latest
version..
Ok, almost of you could have "search new updates" in bios. A lot of you could have
utility to check bios updates available.
I decided to share with you one experience, for those part of you, who does not
have this possible
That one case has been HP computer with HP assistant software to see the updates.
It was story about the search updates using HP assistant and no information about
bios update available.
Option 1:
If you go to Windows device manager using start(windows key) and writting device
manager.
You can see there Firmware, just click on that and right click on System Firmware
or how it is called and choose update driver.
Ok, it searches updates, there are now new updates etc.
If there is no new update, you could try again right click,
update driver and choose Search driver on my computer and on the next screen choose
Select the driver from the list available on the computer.
You can find the compatible drivers available for the update this way and you can
choose the more latest (higher number of the driver..)
and update.
Option 2:
Another possibility is to go to start(windows key) writting Windows update
and choose Show Optional updates and choose Driver updates.
Somebody calls that "Optional" seriously.. you can find they call it Firmware or so
and you can choose and update this way.
Its strange, that this is the way,
if you could not use (on some HP computers for example,
there is no update bios search in bios and the assistant does not warn you about
bios update driver..), you could use this way helpful.

* Windows optimization *
The goal here is to disable as much power savings as possible, reduce the
background activity, and stop things like Windows update from taking control of the
computer. This step is where the NTLite program shines, because all of these
settings can be integrated into a custom Windows so that it is optimized right out
of the box after a clean install, rather than doing all of this manually or with
scripts. I also have a guide on how to create an optimized Windows image that you
can use, which has all of these tweaks included already.

6A) The general guidelines for improving performance are listed below, though the
individual steps are not shown because they vary between operating systems. Below
are some of the commonly tweaked settings, and you do not have to do all of them,
but each one will either improve DPC or reduce the overhead of Windows, thus
improving performance:

- Disable troubleshooters/diagnostics
- Disable telemetry everywhere (Windows, apps, drivers, etcetera)
- Enable the "High performance" power plan (or Ultra)
- Adjust advanced power settings to disable power savings features
- Disable/pause Windows update
- Disable automatic updating everywhere (apps, drivers, etcetera)
- Disable advanced security features
- Disable virtualization
- Disable indexer
- Disable sysmain (superfetch)
- Disable internet novelty features (dynamic wallpaper, suggestions, ads, etcetera)
- Reduce visual effects (DWM settings - Desktop Window Manager)
- Disable all syncing (OneDrive, Microsoft Account, etcetera)
- Disable all startup apps (do not automatically start programs after reboot)
- Remove all forms of file compression and encryption
- Disable pagefile or set it to a static amount

6B) All standard versions of Windows operating systems have now reached end of
life, except for W10 and W11. As time goes on, more programs (games, browsers,
etcetera) will stop working on older operating systems, so keep that in mind when
choosing one. If you are building a computer, it is also important to know that
older operating systems may not support the latest technology or have drivers
available for new hardware.

6C) When it comes to W10 versus W11, the benchmarks I use show W10 being equal or
pulling slightly ahead of W11 in some cases, and I highly recommend testing both
operating systems to see which one has lower DPC latency on your machine, as I
found W10 to have lower average latency and fewer spikes than W11. This may be
hardware dependent though, and since license keys are interchangeable between them,
it is worth taking the time to test this and see which is best for you. Also, W11
is new, it takes several years for operating systems to mature and stabilize, and
Microsoft is actively evolving W11 which can make tweaking it more difficult as
they change or add new features.

6D) The final bit of Windows advice is to upgrade hardware, but be sure to allocate
money where it matters the most. The single biggest improvements that can be made
to speed up Windows is ensuring that you are at least using a solid state drive or
better, as well as 8 GB memory at a minimum, along with a good processor that has a
high single-threaded performance rating. These three pieces of hardware are
important because it is where the bulk of all communication happens, and
bottlenecks here can severely affect everything else in the computer.
Resources: https://www.ntlite.com/community/index.php?threads/guide-dpc-
latency.3274/

* Application optimization on your system *

There are numerous settings to configure in apps like these and all of the unused
features should be disabled, along with automatic updates, startup on reboot, and
anything else that consumes resources or bandwidth.
Please, think about the app you install and customize it by that thinking.
Disabling automatic updates or starts on startup, or check in realtime,
get update when released,.. all those things could be and sometime its causing
issues or it consumes resources you dont want to in your optimization for your
system.

* Prevent from future issues *

To prevent from future issues, dont install tools like assistants, boosters,
optimizators or any other magic tools.
If you need to use them, use it and remove it after, I dont recommend to use them.
Do not install multiple antivirus programs, realtime protection on the same system.
I recommend to stay at default, if you dont need it.
Its highly recommended to do not use such multiple softwares together as avg,
norton, avira,.. alltogether causes conflicts and interrupts each
other and affects performance on your pc.
One example. You can use Restoro pc, but think twice. After, when you decide to
remove, you will need Malwarebytes (it could be free edition) to remove it. Its not
recommended to install those, if you dont really need it.

* Windows updates *
Check Windows updates
* MS Store applications *
Check MS Store updates for your applications

* Antivirus check *
Run your antivirus check - I recommended default, just run quick check.

* Windows update setting using group policy *

If you are not known, what you are doing, I dont recommend to do this. Anyway,
press windows key and write gpedit.msc
press enter
https://wintip.cz/541-jak-nastavit-aby-windows-10-jen-upozornili-na-stazeni-a-
instalaci-aktualizaci

* Check your system performance *

Check your system performance using perfmon.
Then you can also check by Win + R and put here eventvwr
I have experienced issue with esrv_svc.exe using internet using intel report - to
fix this, go to Win + R and type services.msc
Search and select Intel System Usage Report from the list. Right click to
Properties > Disable for startup.

Are you using NVidia ?

Note for NVidia settings:
Please, be aware about settings "Maximum performance" and double check, if you set
it up.
Some users have also noticed, that Enabling "Prefer maximum performance" in the
General tab of the NVIDIA 3D settings dialog fixes the latency spikes from
nvlddmkm.sys, at the expense of more power draw due to the GPU not downclocking
when IDLE

* Nvidia users *
Optimize your graphic card NVidia here is the tip
Disable ALT+Z overlay

I also recommend
this setup resource to change in your GeForce Experience:
https://community.acer.com/en/discussion/612495/windows-10-11-optimization-guide-
for-gaming/p1
Give a try and you will see

I have changed those settings in 3D setting:

Settings:-
Image sharpening→Turn ON and select the Sharpen level to 0.50 and the Ignore film
grain to 0.17
Ambient occlusion→Turn ON and select it to Performance
Low Latency mode→Turn ON for higher FPS and lower Input lag. You can try also
ULTRA.
Max Frame Rate→Turn OFF (if not by default)
OpenGL Rendering GPU→Select your NVIDIA Graphics Card
Power Management mode→ Prefer Maximum Performance
Preferred Refresh rate→ Highest Available
Texture Filtering - Anisotropic Samples→Turn ON
Texture filtering - Quality→Select High Performance
Vertical Sync→OFF
Virtual Reality Pre - Rendered Frames→Set value 1
Monitor technology→Fix refresh rate (it was GSYNC, which I dont use)

Also check nvidiaProfileInspector and low dpc latency settings

** LatencyMon **
DPC Latency checker:

Notes:
Identifying a problem is fairly easy, using some guidelines. Anything spiking over
100 - 120 microseconds (or 0.1 milliseconds) can be problematic. If something is
reaching into the hundreds or thousands of microseconds it will almost assuredly
manifest as a problem somewhere, even if you do not overtly notice it, and the
performance of the system will be hindered. To get started, we need to identify the
most troublesome driver first.

2A) The "Main" tab is a quick summary of the latency spikes that are occurring in
the system. Look at the text labeled "Highest reported DPC routine execution time"
and you will see a number, such as 1098.145234 which indicates how long the "pause"
was for. In the parenthesis to the right of it there will be a driver file name,
such as ndis.sys and that is the driver responsible for the spike.

2B) The "Drivers" tab gives us a detailed look at every driver installed and how
high each of them is spiking, as seen in the "Highest execution" column. This
number can be slightly confusing because it is now in milliseconds, and so a value
of 1.098145 in this column for ndis.sys is exactly the same spike we saw on the
first tab.

To fix these problems we have to understand why they are happening. Underneath all
of the user interfaces are countless lines of code that have an infinite number of
ways a developer can make a mistake, and even if all the code is working as
intended users can create problems through operator error by doing something that
developers cannot reasonably plan for. The three major sources of DPC issues are
listed below.

3A) BIOS: this is where a lot of mistakes are made, for two main reasons. One is
that people will overlook it and use the defaults, which are not optimized for
gaming or audio production, thus not optimized for DPC latency. The other problem
is that people will haphazardly change settings, which can make things worse than
the defaults.

3B) Drivers: these are often the cause of problems, and also where a lot of
operator error occurs, because too many people are using 3rd party driver
installers or Windows update. The way Windows update matches your hardware to a
driver is not always accurate. For example, if I let Windows update run on my
desktop computer it will download a 2 year old graphics driver instead of the
latest, as well as attempting to install incorrect chipset drivers. On my laptop,
Windows update tries to install half a dozen incorrect drivers, including an
optional monitoring app that causes an error every reboot.

3C) Windows: as the operating systems have grown over the years they have more code
running than ever before, naturally increasing the chances of a conflict occurring,
leading to DPC issues. This increased background activity also consumes more
resources, which decreases overall performance too. All of the new power saving and
virtualization features being added in each update also greatly contributes to
decreased performance.
Resource:
https://www.ntlite.com/community/index.php?threads/guide-dpc-latency.3274/

ndis.sys
means Network Driver Interface Specification,
talks to WIFI/Ethernet drivers
This refers to network or wi-fi adapters.
You can try disabling Wifi and network adapters in device manager.

When you right click your Network adapter and go to uncheck Power saver on the
network driver in device manager. This helps to me.

Checklist for ndis.sys

Updating drivers
Changing the power plan
Disabling the dynamic ticking
Updating the graphics cards drivers
Disabling Firewall
Disabling IPv6
Uninstalling Bonjour
Disabling Energy Efficient Ethernet
Disabling/re-enabling drivers

You can try to :

run powershell
Get-NetAdapterHardwareInfo | fl
Get-NetAdapterRSS
And, with the following to put adapter on Core 2 (if you have 4 cores, this could
help, with more - see you almost free CPU and put it there)
Set-NetAdapterRSS -Name "Ethernet" -BaseProcessorNumber X where X is your CPU,
f.e. 3
Case: you have 4 cores, so you can put -BaseProcessorNumber 3 and it will take 3
and 4

Next step, check your DNS server setup

https://www.hostwinds.com/tutorials/change-network-adapter-dns-server-settings

Also, good is to download and choose "Optimize" mode for TCPOptimizer.exe

If nothing helped, if you use Realtek, you can try to use different driver,
sometime microsoft driver could do better job in dpc then realtek, try and see.
run cmd as admin and put:
netsh int tcp show global
more:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-US/troubleshoot/windows-server/networking/
information-about-tcp-chimney-offload-rss-netdma-feature
also recommended:
https://serverfault.com/questions/708014/setting-affinity-for-network-interrupts-
in-windows-server-2012-r2
Microsoft:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/networking/technologies/network-
subsystem/net-sub-performance-tuning-nics#bkmk_low

If does not help, Try:

https://djdallmann.github.io/GamingPCSetup/CONTENT/DOCS/NETWORK/

Another:
https://github.com/djdallmann/GamingPCSetup/blob/master/CONTENT/DOCS/NETWORK/
README.md

run powershell as admin and put:

Get-NetAdapterRSS
With following you will use affinity setting to CPU 8:
Set-NetAdapterRSS -Name "Ethernet" -BaseProcessorNumber 8
and restart your pc

Network activity:
netstat.exe -a -b
this will show the sockets and the name of the binary that is using them
Sometimes you can find programs running that you do not expect to be using up all
of your network resource. Office update etc...
You can try also:
netstat -o -n -a -b

If nothing helped, you can try run Powershell as admin and enable Coalescing like
following:
Set-NetOffLoadGlobalSetting -ReceiveSegmentCoalescing Enabled

I also recommend to Affinity your network adapter to all cores expect core 0.
You can do that using utility GoInterruptPolicy (download from GIT hub)

TIP: how to restart pc without needing to reboot

CTRL+Shift+Escape
find Windows explorer, right click and choose Restart
Restart all instances of Windows Explorer

TIP2: how to restart network adapter by command:

run powershell and type:
Restart-NetAdapter -Name „Ethernet“
where Ethernet is the name of your network adapter in the system - in show network
connection

ohci1394.sys
This refers to firewire card or firewire device.
There are a variety of solutions for this which include the following:
Try unplugging any firewire devices and re-test for latency issues
Update any drivers for your firewire devices and try again.
Check for IRQ conflicts particularly with video drivers.
 If you have a built in firewire port, try using a PCI or PCIe firewire card
instead.

USBPORT.sys
These are your USB Controller drivers on your motherboard.
Download the latest chipset drivers for your motherboard, available from your
computer or motherboard manufacturers support website.
It also may help if you are on Windows 7 SP1
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2529073
In rare cases we’ve seen certain computers with Card Reader slots cause high DPC
latency.
Disable any SD/MMC/Compact Flash entries from within device manager.

nvlddmkm.sys
These are your video card drivers.
Visit www.nvidia.com and locate the latest drivers for your video card and update
them.
Double check for IRQ conflicts between your video card and other devices on your
system, particularly the IEEE 1394 Controller.
On certain computers these may also be related to your motherboard chipset drivers.

If you are using NVidia, I recommend also to check my tips search NVidia.

ACPI.sys
This issue occurs typically on laptops.
This can be difficult, sometimes impossible to solve.
This driver is for ACPI on your motherboard which controls different power modes.
First disable any sleep settings on your PC and do normal PC optimization.
In some cases disabling the ACPI Battery from within device manager also helps.
This may disable the ability for the PC to charge the battery on a laptop.
With any of the issues above, be sure to also go through the entire PC
Optimization.
In addition, be sure to disable any unnecessary devices in your BIOS including
legacy Drive A options,
Serial Port and Parallel Port options, Onboard Audio, and any Stepping technologies
like Intel SpeedStep or AMD K8 Cool&Quiet.
In Win 10 system I found the ACPI problem was related to the "turn off display/ put
computer to sleep" settings in power options.
I set both to "never", and the ACPI problem went away.

storport.sys
means Microsoft Storage Port Driver, that is the Microsoft SCSI driver for your
hard drives and SCSI attached stuff.
storport.sys - storage port - storage drives
Check storage drivers for update.
Possibly, driver is outdated
If its up to date, check IDE/ATA/ATAPI controllers and check the driver for the
latest version for AHCI controller, if your SSD is SATA
on AHCI, its important to be the best driver you may have
Some people determined, that Microsoft AHCI is the better option then Intel.
Some people mentioned, that they had misconfigured some drive setting (like not
using AHCI).
More: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/storage/storage-
port-drivers

classpnp
classpnp isnt used for scsi, its for all storages, usb included
- change driver in system drivers - in my case from SMBus driver to Intel(R) SMBus
- 06A3
- try update PCI driver

ndu.sys - network driver data usage

afd.sys - ancillary function driver for winsock - windows driver used for lan

tcpip.sys
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, or TCP/IP.sys, handles
communication between computers. If TCP/IP.sys becomes corrupt, it will often
result in stuttering audio and blue screens of death. Like ndis.sys, the most
common fix will require you to run Command Prompt as Administrator. However, you
will need to enter a different set of commands.
First, check your network activity and task scheduler - change to be running once
per week, disable what you dont need or its old etc.
Recommend to go through this article and setup by the meaning as you need / disable
what you dont need.
Check your network driver, network traffic and your configuration.
https://www.speedguide.net/articles/network-adapter-optimization-3449
Download and set "Optimal" using TCP Optimizer.
Disable IVP6- Resource: https://www.itechguides.com/how-to-disable-ipv6-in-windows-
11/
Set MSI priority to High.
What applications uses my network adapter: ctrl+shift+escape to go to task manager
and you can see it in column "Network"
You can also try:
Click the Windows icon, type “cmd”, then right-click Command Prompt and select Run
as Administrator.
Type “netsh winsock reset”, then press Enter.
Type “netsh int ip reset”, then press Enter.
Type “ipconfig /release”, then press Enter.
Type “ipconfig /renew”, then press Enter.
Type “ipconfig /flushdns”, then press Enter.
Reboot your computer.

Next method is to open properties on your network adapter and uncheck IPV6 - to
disable IPV6, if you dont use it.
Also, lot of people reported, that changing properties to uncheck power management
solved their issue immediately.
(ndis.sys) When you are sure, you have set best-performance network adapter driver,
also most people disabled "green ethernet". This helped me also to decrease spikes.

check also setup for NetworkThrottlingIndex:

https://ttcshelbyville.wordpress.com/2017/10/14/network-throttling-index/

* ntoskrnl.sys *
means Windows NT operating system kernel executable
These drivers belong to the Windows kernel. Update all available system updates for
your computer, including the BIOS, Chipset, IDE / ATAPI / SATA controllers, USB
controllers and graphics card. Also make sure that all available Windows updates
have been installed. Some users have reported issues with these drivers when
connecting USB 2.0 devices to USB 3.0 ports. If this is the case on your system,
install the latest drivers for your USB 3.0 controller or connect the devices to a
USB 2.0 port instead.
In my case, It helped to change SM Bus driver and to disable power saving for SM
Bus driver.

Try this:
https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/massive-lag-spikes-cause-by-
ntoskrnl/6de9b47d-27dd-4669-a109-73cee7b78ae3
In my case, I found more useful to do not use page file.
Method 1:
a) Press Windows key + X key from the keyboard.
b) Select the option Control Panel and All control panel items then System.
c) Click on Advanced system settings.
d) Under performance, click on settings.
e) Go to Advanced tab, Under Virtual memory, click on Change.
f) UN-check "Automatically manage paging file size for all drives" check box.
g) Select your windows drive (where OS is installed).
h) Click on Custom size radio button.
i) Set Initial size equivalent to your RAM size in MB.
j) Set Maximum size to twice of your RAM size in MB.
k) Click on Set.
l) Click on OK thrice.
m) Restart your system.

Method 2:
I would suggest you to boot the computer in Safe mode and check if the issue
persists.
Safe mode starts Windows with a limited set of files and drivers. Startup programs
don't run in safe mode, and only the basic drivers needed to start Windows are
installed.
Windows Startup Settings (including safe mode)
If the issue does not persist in safe mode, then perform a clean boot to check if
any third party application is causing the issue, as clean boot helps in
eliminating software conflicts.
How to troubleshoot problems using clean boot in Windows:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/929135
Note: Once you are done with the troubleshooting, refer to the steps in “How to
reset the computer to start as usual after troubleshooting with clean boot “to
reset computer as usual.

* ntoskrnl.sys a nvlddmkm.sys , sometime dxgkrnl.sys *

Higher latency
Check on manufacturer site latest versions of drivers for your motherboard.
In my case, the graphic adapter - old bad one, latest has fixed it to be much
(approx. half) lower value
Also, check IRQ conflicts using msinfo32.

* dxgkrnl.sys *
means DirectX Gpu KeRneL
run DXDIAG and resolve the issues.

If everything ok, try another graphic adapter (newer, older) and measure after some
minutes again.

Turn off GSYNC in Nvidia control panel, if you dont use GSYNC

* wdf01000.sys *
Windows Driver File
To fix Wdf01000.sys you have to enable MSI on USB HUB and bind Hid-complient mouse\
keyboard on less busy core using Microsoft Interrupt Affinity Tool

* iastorac.sys *
Its related to storage drivers (Intel Rapid Storage Technology (RST)).
Try Microsoft SATA AHCI instead of for example Intel.
Resource: https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/uninstalling-the-
intelr-rapid-storage-technology/e3c4b6d6-56ba-4ac5-be50-89843c9d9b22

run and see, who is iastorac.sys manufacturer used on your pc

dism /online /get-drivers /format:table

More additional tips on

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot/iot-enterprise/soft-real-time/soft-
real-time-device
More in detail:

Run these two commands in a cmd prompt. This disables CPU idle states, where a CPU
with no instructions to run will enter a power-saving state. This is undesirable in
real-time scenarios as idle CPUs have a delay in starting to execute new
instructions:

create ultimate power scheme (Špičkový výkon in czech:)) by this command

powercfg -duplicatescheme e9a42b02-d5df-448d-aa00-03f14749eb61
This will create ultimate power scheme on your list of power options. Go to power
schemes and choose the latest one.
Now, tune it up a bit with these commands:

powercfg.exe /setacvalueindex SCHEME_CURRENT SUB_PROCESSOR IdleDisable 1

powercfg.exe /setactive SCHEME_CURRENT

Run these three commands in a cmd prompt to disable DPS:

sc query dps
sc stop dps
sc config dps start=disabled

Run these three commands in a cmd prompt to disable SysMain:

sc query SysMain
sc stop SysMain
sc config SysMain start=disabled

Run this command to disable threaded DPCs:

reg add "HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\kernel" /v
ThreadDpcEnable /t REG_DWORD /f /d 0
NOTE: I did not apply this one - If you are not satisfied with it, just go to
regedit and delete ThreadDcpEnable entry

Resource: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWUjbfLZzJY&ab_channel=ComputersSuck

https://support.native-instruments.com/hc/en-us/articles/209571729
scroll down to section "Problematic drivers"

Other tips for ntoskrnl a wdf01000 higher latency results:

Check your pc for check win health, malware and others. How to -> get down below
and process * Windows Troubleshooting *

* wmiadap.exe *
wmiadap is a application that runs on Windows that can update performance
information in the WMI repository.
Resource: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/wmisdk/wmiadap

* Affinity *
What is Affinity:
https://www.xbitlabs.com/how-to-use-interrupt-affinity-policy-tool/
Optimizing affinity - check Interrupt Affinity Policy Tool
There is Microsoft basic version, which is great.
I rather prefer a little bit better one on
https://github.com/spddl/GoInterruptPolicy

* Hard Pagefaults *
------------------
Hard Pagefaults
For the high hard pagefaults, it can help to:
1) Limit startup processes that you don't need
2) Limit Windows-Updates file-sharing (in Settings > Updates and security > Windows
Update > Advanced Options > Choose how updates are delivered > turn off "updates
from more than one place" - that will limit unnecessary background network
activity)
3) Limit the amount of "telemetry" (data sent to Microsoft ... choose the "Basic"
option in Settings > Privacy > Feedback & Diagnostics ... and you can try "Never"
as your "Feedback Frequency" while testing your latency issues)
4) Limit any Notifications that you don't need or want (Settings > System >
Notifications & actions
5) Turn off "Live" tiles on your Start Menu (to limit unnecessary background
updating of any information you don't want or need)

- When caused by searchindexer.exe or svchost.exe

--> by your network adapter settings. Try:
Auto Disable Gigabit: running on gigabit speed consumes more power. This option
automatically disables it when there is no need for faster connection.
Flow Control: Flow Control is mechanism for handling send/receive speeds without
outrunning slower party
Green Ethernet: Proprietary power saving technology
Interrupt Moderation: no interrupt for every packet, but after timeout/enough data.
For busy networks, this will lower the load, but increase latencies.
IPv4 Checksum Offload: Network controller will calculate checksums, instead of CPU.
Jumbo Frame: support for larger frames than ethernet default (1500 bytes)
Large Send Offload: method for sending large amount of data to network controller,
which will then process it at once
Network Address: most probably MAC address of network card.
Priority & VLAN: priority: QoS feature. VLAN: Virtual LAN
Receive Buffers: Size of buffers for received data. Larger buffer obviously
consumes more resources, but smaller buffer might block (drop) traffic on a busy
network.
Receive Side Scaling: support for using multiple processor while receiving
Shutdown Wake-On-Lan: Enable wake-on-lan support (possibility to remotely start up
computer with special network packet)
Speed & Duplex: default speed (for example 10Mb/s, 100Mb/s) and duplex (half- or
full-)
Resource: https://forums.guru3d.com/threads/choppy-downloading-packets.380409/page-
3

You can go and try also this.

Here is my current settings:

ARP Offload - Enabled

Auto Disable Gigabit - Disabled
Energy Efficient Ethernet - Disabled
Flow Control - Enabled
Green Ethernet - Disabled
Interrupt Moderation - Enabled
IPv4 Checksum Offload - Rx & Tx Enabled
Jumbo Frame - Disabled
Large Send Offload v2 (IPv4) - Enabled
Large Send Offload v2 (IPv6) - Disabled
Network Address - "Value" field empty, "Not Present" checked
NS Offload - Enabled
Priority & VLAN - Priority & VLAN Enabled
Receive Buffers - 512
Receive Side Scaling - Enabled
Shutdown Wake-On-Lan - Disabled
Speed & Duplex - 100Mbps full duplex
TCP Checksum Offload (IPv4) - Rx & Tx Enabled
TCP Checksum Offload (IPv6) - Rx & Tx Enabled
Transmit Buffers - 128
UDP Checksum Offload (IPv4) - Rx & Tx Enabled
UDP Checksum Offload (IPv6) - Rx & Tx Enabled
Wake on Magic Packet - Enabled
Wake on pattern match - Enabled
WOL & Shutdown Link Speed - 10 Mbps First

* Hard pagefaults by SearchProtocolHost.exe *

- Go to services and details, find SearchProtocolHost.exe and right click and end
it.
System will start this process again and your hard pagefaults could be gone
forever.
Resource:
https://thegeekpage.com/fix-high-cpu-usage-due-to-searchprotocolhost-exe-in-
windows-10/

* Change mode for MsMpEng.exe *

run gpedit.msc and go to
computer configuration>administrative templates>Windows Components>
select Turn Off Microsoft Windows Defender and choose
Allow

Now, run Schedule jobs

Go to Microsoft>Windows defender and change to run weekly
Change to end job, if running more then 1 hour
and follow instructions in this Resource: https://www.drivereasy.com/knowledge/top-
3-fixes-for-msmpeng-exe-eating-up-too-much-cpu-in-windows-10/#F3
restart your pc

* Hard pagefaults by MsMpEng.exe *

Go to services > details > go back to service > Its Windows defender.
Try:
Search Windows Updates as usual
Make sure that no other third party Adware, Antimalware or Antivirus software is
installed on your computer other than windows defender
Add exclusion in your protection checks for MpMpEng.exe
C:\Program Files\Windows Defender
MsMpEng.exe -> add to exclusion
Turn off Real time protection for a while, if better or not.
More: https://thegeekpage.com/fix-msmpeng-exe-high-cpu-usage-in-windows-10/

If nothing helps, uninstall Windows Defender from MS Store.

If does not help, think about to remove Windows Defender, anyway, you will have
about 200 MB on startup with MsMpEng.exe..

Some users also noticed, that Steam has been periodically checked, so you can try
to exclude Steam from checks, if you use Steam.

* Hard pagefaults in general *

Make sure you have the latest BIOS or UEFI firmware, Chipset, Display (Video),
Sound, USB3, Bluetooth, Network and all other drivers, or else download and install
the latest now.

* Check incompatible drivers *

Check your system integrity memory
You can check integrity drivers you are using via
start cmd as admin and type
dism /online /get-drivers /format:table
Resources: https://www.partitionwizard.com/clone-disk/windows-11-memory-integrity-
is-off.html

* Windows SDK and check Windows Performance Toolkit only *

Download here
https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/windows-10-sdk/
Run install as admin and select Windows Performance Toolkit feature (all the others
can be unchecked) and proceed with the download/installation.
Run cmd as admin and type
xperf -on PROC_THREAD+LOADER+PROFILE+INTERRUPT+DPC+DRIVERS+POWER+IDLE_STATES -
stackwalk Profile -BufferSize 1024 -MinBuffers 256 -MaxBuffers 256 -MaxFile 256 -
FileMode Circular
do as usual some activities, after few minutes type:
xperf -stop -d C:\CPU.etl
open C:\CPU.etl and similar .etl on C:\
check, what causes problems
More information:
https://www.sysnative.com/forums/threads/dpc-latency-issues-ndis-sys-and-nvlddmkm-
sys.12376/

* General knowledge resources *

https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/ask-the-performance-team/bg-p/AskPerf

- Troubleshooting - no boot on windows *

1) Plug in a usb drive that has a Windows install image on it
2) Configure your bios to allow or force booting to usb before other devices
3) Boot into the USB. Once it loads the Windows Setup screen press shift+F10
4) In the cmd prompt type: diskpart (then hit enter)
5) Now type: list (then hit enter)
6) Figure out what the new drive letter is for your usual C: drive
7) Now type: exit (then hit enter)
8) Type: cd F:\Windows\System32\ (then hit enter)
Note: drive letter F may differ for you, that's what diskpart was for
9) Type: bcdedit /set {default} safeboot minimal (then hit enter)
10) Press the reboot button on the computer tower
11) Fix the problem while in safe mode, then boot normally

To switch back into normal boot mode go to Start > Windows Administrative Tools >
System Configuration > click the "Boot" tab, then uncheck "Safe boot", click
"Apply" then "Okay" and "Restart".
Resource: https://www.ntlite.com/community/index.php?threads/discussion-nvidia-
display-driver-nvlddmkm-sys-dpc-latency.2924/page-33

More useful tips:

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/performance/windows-
boot-issues-troubleshooting

* BIOS optimization *
nter the BIOS during a reboot to configure it, which usually requires a function
key to be pressed, such as F2. If a mistake is made and it is preventing the
computer from booting, a few methods for resetting the BIOS exist. There is a reset
to defaults option in the BIOS menu, it can also be reset by removing the CMOS
battery from the motherboard (turn off power first), or reset by putting a jumper
over the appropriate pins.

4A) Reset the BIOS to defaults. Be sure that any boot configuration options you
manually changed before, such as IDE/AHCI mode or UEFI/CSM do not get altered in
this process or you will be forced to install Windows again. If you have serious
DPC issues though, this may be part of the problem and perhaps using the default
boot options and installing Windows again will be how you fix things. Lastly, take
note of the BIOS version for the next step, then save these changes and exit,
allowing the computer to boot back into Windows.

4B) After the step above, go online and check the manufacturer website for your
motherboard and download the latest BIOS update. Follow the instructions and
install the new BIOS. After the update is done, you need to reset the BIOS to
defaults one more time, then save and exit, before going back into the BIOS and
manually configuring any settings.

4C) BIOS settings have little documentation, and the fastest way to figure out what
something does is to write down literally every setting and Google them to learn
more. You can also download the PDF manual for your motherboard and it may explain
the settings in more detail. There are too many settings over the years to list
them all, so it requires some experimentation to figure out the best combination
for your computer. Below are some commonly tweaked settings related to performance:

- Disable Enhanced Halt State (C1E)

- Disable OS ACPI C3 Report
- Disable OS ACPI C2 Report
- Disable Intel SpeedStep Technology or AMD equivalent
- Disable integrated graphics (if a GPU is installed)
- Disable unused devices (e-sata, serial ports, etcetera)
- Disable Intel Turbo Boost Technology or AMD equivalent
- Toggle Intel Hyper-Threading or AMD equivalent
- Toggle XMP Memory Profile or AMD equivalent
- Disable Virtualization Technology and VT-d
- Disable Intel Dynamic Power Technology or AMD equivalent
- Set Processor Power Efficiency Policy to High Performance
- Disable Intel Smart Connect Technology or AMD equivalent
- Disable Intel Rapid Start Technology or AMD equivalent
- Disable Deep S4/S5
- Disable PCIe ASPM Support
- Disable Native ACPI OS PCIe Support

Note: the basic premise is to disable unused features, power savings, and settings
that cause the processor clock speed to fluctuate, as these are things that create
DPC issues. Also, it is recommended to enable Execute Disable Bit (NX) since it is
required for DEP (Data Execution Prevention) and some anti-cheat software, and
could get you banned if it is disabled. Lastly, enabling HPET does not force the
timer, it only allows the timer to be available to Windows if it is needed, and
some benchmarking software requires it.
Resources: https://www.ntlite.com/community/index.php?threads/guide-dpc-
latency.3274/

* Windows Troubleshooting *
If you are getting in some troubles, you can try to troubleshoot it as following.
But-I dont recommend to just run it without any reason.
If you are running troubleshooter and you just 'try' without having issue, you can
get into issue, because its also processing some changes,
f.e. to default settings etc.
Windows key > Setting > Troubleshooting > choose the one by need on the bottom last
choice something like "More troubleshooting"
Windows key > Nastavení > Odstranit potíže > Další poradci při potížích

If it does not help, you should try Windows Save mode.

Run your pc in save mode and run windows defender check, Microsoft utility
MSERT.exe or just check with sfc /sannow and use DISM fuction to
check, clean, restore health. Check DISM on Microsoft.
cz translation :)
Postup, jak jsem spustil do nouzového režimu já
Stisknul jsem WIN klávesu a pak kliknul na vypnout (je to tam popsané jako
Napájení) a pak dal restartovat a zároveň se stisknutím restartovat jsem stisknul
SHIFT (levý shift) a ten SHIFT musíš držet, prostě se to restartuje a ty držíš
pořád ten levý SHIFT. Až se začnou načítat a objeví se ti "Počkejte prosím..", tak
můžeš levý SHIFT pustit :)
no a ono ti naskočí okno, kde klikneš na "Odstanit potíže" a pak vybereš "Upřesnit
možnosti" a pak zvolíš "Nastavení spouštění" a klikneš "Restartovat"
při spouštění vybereš režim nouzového režimu, tedy v tomto případě "Nouzový režim
se sítí"
pak ti najede počítat do Nouzového režimu a mas nouzový rezim :D

Not able to run troubleshooting?

Q: 0x80070057 error not fixed shown in WindowsUpdateDiagnostic
A: First try it from control panel then click on troubleshooting then click on fix
problems with windows update;
Then do WindowsUpdateDiagnostic mircosoft Fix it tool to check error is solved or
not
If problem persist then open cmd using administrative rights then copy paste below
text then restart your PC
net stop wuauserv
regsvr32 %windir%\system32\wups2.dll
net start wuauserv

Any other useful tips

----------------------
* Try Driver Easy *
There are a lot of drivers, which are WHQL certificated
I have experienced a lot of "assistant" software like HP Assistant or Intel
Assistant or somehow like this called, which tells you
"Everything is updated", but its not true in fact, saidly. You can try this tool
once I found it helpful in some cases..

* BCDEDIT *
BCDEDIT > what is it?
Nástroj příkazového řádku Bcdedit.exe slouží ke změně úložiště
konfiguračních dat spouštění. Úložiště konfiguračních dat spouštění obsahuje
parametry konfigurace a určuje, jak je operační systém spouštěn.
Dříve se tyto parametry nacházely v souboru Boot.ini (v operačních systémech
založených na systému BIOS) nebo v položkách permanentní paměti RAM
(v operačních systémech založených na rozhraní EFI). Pomocí nástroje
Bcdedit.exe lze do úložiště konfiguračních dat spouštění přidávat položky,
odstraňovat je, upravovat a připojovat.
More info>
http://www.servispckupka.cz/jak_pracovat_s_prikazovym_radkem_bcedit.php#nadpis

If you are spotting issues, you can try to disable dynamic ticking and tune some
things with running cmd as admin command prompt:
I dont recommend this if you are not sure, that you really need this

bcdedit /deletevalue useplatformclock

bcdedit /deletevalue tscsyncpolicy
Disable Synthetic Timers
bcdedit /deletevalue disabledynamictick
If it does not help, you can get back with
bcdedit /set disabledynamictick yes
C:\WINDOWS\system32>bcdedit /deletevalue disabledynamictick
Resources: https://www.patreon.com/posts/reduce-stutters-60942290

Your values can be listed via cmd as admin with typing:

bcdedit /enum all

I have applied "disable"

bcdedit /set disabledynamictick yes

bcdedit /set useplatformtick yes

bcdedit /set useplatformclock No

and default for:

bcdedit /deletevalue tscsyncpolicy

Some people also get satisfied with

bcdedit /set tscsyncpolicy enhanced

My configuration
bootmenupolicy Standard
useplatformclock No
useplatformtick Yes
disabledynamictick Yes

* PnPutil *
Check what it is and how to use it
Example from practice:
***********************
First, go for Obtaining list of 3rd party drivers from the driver store...
run this following on cmd as admin:
dism /online /get-drivers /format:table
go through list and if you see something you already do not use or do not need or
you want to uninstall, do this:
for example, on your list is
oem99.inf | vbvmvaio64_win10.inf | No | MEDIA
| VB-Audio Software | 11.01.2019 | 2.1.5.2
and you dont use VB.Audio Software anymore, just uninstall with following command :
pnputil /delete-driver oem99.inf /uninstall
you can also list of disconnected (hidden devices) and remove them:
pnputil /enum-interfaces /disabled
You can find useful this tool also in case, that your pc crashed, you take the disk
and put it into new pc hardware.
You can find and remove some hidden devices also for example by using this tool

* HPET *
High Precision Event Timer (formerly Multimedia Timer)
Check, what is HPET and how to use it.
Generally, you can play to disable it and enable it, if you will see, that its
affecting your performance too.
Now, before you reboot go into device manager (the regular one) go to system
devices, and disable HIGH PRECISION EVENT TIMER
If you had it in bios you'd still need to do it there too.

If you want to disable HPET

From search, type Device Manager and press Enter to open settings.
Locate System devices.
Right click on High Precision Event Timer and select Disable to stop the HPET
service.
Restart.

* How To Record BOOT TRACE and find the reason *

https://zinetek.com/how-to-use-wpr-to-record-boot-trace/

* Windows update does not work *

https://learn.microsoft.com/cs-cz/troubleshoot/windows-client/deployment/
additional-resources-for-windows-update

* How to stop throttling *

ThrottleStop
+
https://appuals.com/fix-high-dpc-latency-on-windows-10/

Another tips you can also try:

* Disable Windows Telemetry *
gpedit.msc>Konfigurace počítače>Šablony pro správu>Součásti systému
Windows>Shromažďování dat a buily verze Preview> Povolit telemetrii
Double click a zvolit Zakázat a OK
Navigate through the left folder tree up to Computer Configuration > Administrative
Templates > Windows Components >
Data Collection and Preview Builds.
Locate the Allow Telemetry option and double-click it to open the configuration
window. Select Disabled, then click OK.

Other useful links and informations about latency from Pete Brown
https://devblogs.microsoft.com/windows-music-dev/unofficial-windows-10-audio-
workstation-build-and-tweak-guide-part-1/
https://devblogs.microsoft.com/windows-music-dev/unofficial-windows-10-audio-
workstation-build-and-tweak-guide-part-2/
https://devblogs.microsoft.com/windows-music-dev/unofficial-windows-10-audio-
workstation-build-and-tweak-guide-part-3/

* Events *
Check events - any critical events ?

* Tip2 *
Control Panel\All Control Panel Items\Security and Maintenance
Click on Maintenance
Choose View reliability history
and check if there are any critical and resolve.
cz:
Ovládací panely\Všechny položky Ovládacích panelů\Zabezpečení a údržba
Pak "Zobrazit historii spolehlivosti"

* How to install Windows keeping files and applications *

Download latest iso from Microsoft
https://www.microsoft.com/cs-cz/software-download/windows11
Right click and Mount it.
If you dont see "Mount" option, just select properties on iso file and select
explorer to be the application, when it will run.
Finally, run setup and select "Keep files and applications". Start installation.
Installation could take some time, its usually 1 or 2 hours.
When done, you will be able to sign in with your user and continue to work.:)

* Let applications run in the background *

This is not so clear to setup the priority for background processing. I highly
recommend to setup and check if benefitial or not.
More information here:
https://devblogs.microsoft.com/windows-music-dev/unofficial-windows-10-and-11-
audio-workstation-build-and-tweak-guide-part-3/
Changing processor scheduling to “Background Services” is almost never beneficial
to an audio workstation.
If you want to change priority to background services in your Windows, you can do
it like following:
This tweak settings - method using gpedit.msc
Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > > App
Privacy > Let Windows apps run in the background
click Enable and choose
#neboli
gpedit.msc > Konfigurace počítače > Šablony pro správu > Součásti systému Windows >
Ochrana osobních údajů v aplikaci > Umožnit aplikacím pro Windows běžet na pozadí
-> double click, nastav Povoleno > pak vyber: Určuje uživatel > Apply, OK
Restart.
Resources: https://www.digitalcitizen.life/set-app-permissions-windows-11/
or https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-background-apps-and-your-
privacy-83f2de44-d2d9-2b29-4649-2afe0913360a
Note: some apps cannot be run in the background.
Note2: be aware, that you can turn run in the background only for application, that
has disabled notifications in the system.

Počítač\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\AppPrivacy

* I dont want MS Edge as default, its in startup, service optimizations *

https://www.makeuseof.com/windows-microsoft-edge-opens-automatically/

* How to add desktop to "This Pc" *

https://www.elevenforum.com/t/add-or-remove-folders-under-this-pc-in-file-explorer-
in-windows-11.7122/

* How to add your bat to startup *

Win + R and type shell:startup and put your bat file there
Another methods:
RunOnce
RunOnce is an option and have a few keys that can be used for pointing a command to
start on startup (depending if it concerns a user or the whole system):
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce
setting the value:

reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce" /v

MyBat /D "!C:\mybat.bat"
With setting and exclamation mark at the beginning and if the script exist with a
value different than 0 the registry key wont be deleted and the script will be
executed every time on startup

SCHTASKS
You can use SCHTASKS and a triggering event:

SCHTASKS /Create /SC ONEVENT /MO ONLOGON /TN ON_LOGON /tr "c:\some.bat"
or

SCHTASKS /Create /SC ONEVENT /MO ONSTART/TN ON_START /tr "c:\some.bat"

Startup Folder
You also have two startup folders - one for the current user and one global. There
you can copy your scripts (or shortcuts) in order to start a file on startup

::the global one

C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\StartUp
::for the current user
%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup

* For the lowest latency using Interrupt Affinity Policy Tool *

Used to manage USB 3.1 eXtensible Host Controller (Microsoft)
First, go and watch the videos and update to this video
Resource: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQkB-EQ_mi4&ab_channel=Savitarax
Update to this video (watch this!) :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WGDRL87tg5s&ab_channel=Savitarax
Update!!! to this video - Must take a loook on it
https://youtu.be/WGDRL87tg5s
Useful tips also here: https://www.bluecataudio.com/Blog/tip-of-the-day/solving-
audio-dropouts-dpc-latency-issues-with-nvidia-drivers-on-windows/

download Interrupt Affinity Policy Tool from here:

https://www.techpowerup.com/download/microsoft-interrupt-affinity-tool/
and run intPolicy_x86.exe as admin

* Windows resource monitor *

Win + R and type resmon.exe

* How to open Sound control panel *

Win + R and type mmsys.cpl

* Disable virtualization in Windows *

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/application-
management/virtualization-apps-not-work-with-hyper-v

* Disable sysmain *
run cmd as admin
enter those commands
sc stop "SysMain"
sc config "SysMain" start=disabled

* Enable/Disable C-states
Run "powercfg /a" at an admin command line.
Confirm whether your system firmware support Standby (S3).

Open Group policy editor:

Computer Configuration -> Administrative Templates -> Windows Components -> File
Explorer
Enable Show sleep in the power option menu

Computer Configuration -> Administrative Templates -> System -> Power Management ->
Sleep Settings
Enable Allow standby states (S1-S3) when sleeping (plugged in)
Enable Allow standby states (S1-S3) when sleeping (on battery)
Resources: https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/how-to-enable-s3-
sleep-state-and-disable-modern/507c85fb-977d-4891-b5b1-d302c918ee0e
Other: https://www.elevenforum.com/t/disable-modern-standby-in-windows-10-and-
windows-11.3929/

* Set mode to be informed before Windows Update downloads and installs *

Resource: https://pureinfotech.com/disable-automatic-updates-windows-11/
See "Disable automatic updates on Windows 11 from Group Policy"

* Hyperthreading tips *
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-uvhk823e8Q&ab_channel=Panjno

* Intelligent Standby List Cleaner *

Resource: https://www.patreon.com/posts/reduce-stutters-60942290
If you want to minimize your latency more, after you optimize the system, you can
try this.

* Troubleshooting: Windows does not boot and its not possible to go to safe mode *
Try restore point. If not possible, go to bios, Start recovery, choose boot from
UEFI.
Most probably you will reinstall windows, with that, you can also choose to keep
files and programs.

* Useful cmd *
run cmd as admin and type
systeminfo

* Services not needed to be started Automatically and run in the background *

To optimize your pc, just take a look on services running in the background and if
its not needed, just change and try to be started "Manually" instead of
"Automatically".
If you run MS Word once per week for example, its not needed to be started and
running in the background the whole week..
Changed services Start to "Manual":
Microsoft Office Click-to-Run Service
* How can I delete unused service from my Windows *
Highly do Not recommend to Delete any services in your Windows, because it could
make your system Unstable.
I recommend rather to Disable it.
Go to the search box > type msconfig
Select System Configuration > go to the Services tab.
Select and put a check mark on "Hide all Microsoft services" > Click Disable all.
Go to Startup tab > Open Task Manager > Disable all the unnecessary services
running there. Restart your computer.

* Microsoft SaRa tool *

Trounbleshooting ms office or other one ?
(SarRa) tool, which can be downloaded here:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/100607 .
Despite the fact that I had removed all previous versions of Office (or so I
thought), SaRa found instances of Office all the way back to Office 2010. Once
SaRa completed its work, I rebooted my PC and reinstalled Office 2021.

If you have troubles with click on ms office to start and it does not start, go to
ccleaner and put the program back from the sleep.

* LGhub agent or updater issues *

If you are using LGhub (for example mouse, keyboard..) and you have issues with
TCPIP.sys DPC latency, you can try to right click and set priority to Low
And: right-click lghub_agent.exe again and choose "set affinity". Hopefully you
have multiple cpu cores; choose just one.
For me this brought CPU usage down to a couple percent.
If this does not help, follow this:
Please try the following troubleshooting steps:
1. Download the latest installer for Logitech G HUB at:
https://support.logi.com/hc/articles/360025298133
2. Uninstall G HUB.
3. Navigate to C:\Users\(username)\AppData\Roaming and delete the LGHUB
folder.
4. Navigate to C:\ProgramData and delete the LGHUB folder.
5. Reboot your machine.
6. Reinstall G HUB.

* How to permanently change priority of process / service using registry *

Also, in specific cases, you will be interested to change priority for your
program, you can do that using registry.
Resource: https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/how-to-permanently-
set-priority-processes-using/2f9ec439-5333-4625-9577-69d322cfbc5e

* Tips to set priority for your devices like your graphic card, your mouse and
keyboard *
Basically, you can setup priority using regedit and get better performance. In this
context, graphic card, mouse and keyboard is great candidates for it.
In specific cases could be good to prioritize for example also your usb.
We can choose this in two specific directions in your registry: Control and
Services:
Control:
Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\PriorityControl
Win32PrioritySeparation - is basically amount of time for each service to get.
Try values 28 or 2a or 16 or 7777 - try which one will work in the best way for you
IRQ0Priority with REG_DWORD value 1 - this is for system timer
IRQ4294967245 - specific interrupt request queue, you need to find your IRQ for
graphic card with pressing windows button and typing msinfo and choose IRQ and
scroll down to find your IRQ for your graphic card.
You will put this IRQ with format IRQxxxxxxxxxx and value 1 to tell windows to
setup priority for your graphic card. This one is recommended to try, especially,
if you are
using NVidia graphic card. To specify this in your registry, it means the big
chance for your IRQ to be prioritized.
Services:
For your mouse:
Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\mouclass\Parameters
MouseDataQueue try this value: 14
ThreadPriority try 1f
Resource: https://youtu.be/kVHiSsZhR_c
Understanding I/O system:
https://www.microsoftpressstore.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2201309&seqNum=3
Try and see, what will fit best for you.

* Hodnota pro snížení výkonu procesoru s třídou energetické účinnosti 1ow to

permanently change affinity for process *
There are few ways
General
https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/how-to-change-cpu-affinity-
forever/eb2357ea-7ff4-4def-8604-aa384dc91707
1. Most easiest way is to go taskmgr and right click on the process, choose
Affinity and choose cores you want to.
2. by shortcut
https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/how-to-permanently-set-
priority-affinity-with/e7fe5a46-37c8-4277-9d27-60b537c4780a
3. using registry
https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/how-to-permanently-set-
priority-processes-using/df82bd40-ce52-4b84-af34-4d93da17d079
4. Process Lasso from BitSum

* high tcpip.sys *
https://windowsreport.com/flush-dns-windows-10-without-admin-rights/
https://windowsreport.com/tcpip-sys-latency/

* Still high DPC latency ? * Zásady snížení výkonu procesoru

I also recommend try this:
https://youtu.be/x0BN608Sd3Q
Using PowerSettingsExplorer
Check your power management with PowerSettingsExplorer
Optimize processor state min, max
Sleep
Hibernate
.
One of the great tool in order to setup the features
Recommended settings
Note: Find points and try to change (the values could be individual setting and by
your taste).
Tip: When you unclick check button, you will see the value in the power management
schema in your windows
Apply: dont forget to click Apply
As always, good to create restore point to easily remember and get back with the
values just in case
Its affecting DPC and ISR Latency
- Threshold for derating processor with energy efficiency class 1
my setting 20
- Threshold for processor performance degradation
my setting 20
- Threshold for derating processor with energy efficiency class 1
my setting 20
- Initial performance of the processor with energy efficiency class when exiting
parking
my setting 40
- Enable slow states
my setting Automatically
- CPU throttling policies
my setting Easy
- Policy for derating processor with energy efficiency class 1
my setting Ideal
- Principles of processor performance amplification
my setting 100
- Principles of increasing processor performance
my setting Raquette
- Threshold for lowering the CPU idle level
my setting 30
- Threshold core parking distribution for CPU performance
my setting 90
- Threshold for raising the CPU idle level
my setting 100
- Minimum processor status
my setting 90
- Maximum processor status
my setting 100

I recommend also go through

Basic Throttlestop and Undervolting Guide
to optimize your PC
Remember, overheating decrease performance
Resource: https://youtu.be/QCDIK-nnois

Nice one tip is here

Disable IDLE states in Windows
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-4dn1kNKlk&ab_channel=ComputersSuck
Run these two commands in a cmd prompt. This disables CPU idle states, where a CPU
with no instructions to run will enter a power-saving state. This is undesirable in
real-time scenarios as idle CPUs have a delay in starting to execute new
instructions:
powercfg.exe /setacvalueindex SCHEME_CURRENT SUB_PROCESSOR IdleDisable 1
powercfg.exe /setactive SCHEME_CURRENT

You can try disable DPC (Diagnostic Policy Service)

What is Diagnostic Policy Services
Diagnostic Policy Service (DPS) is an essential service installed by default in
your Windows. This service aims to detect and troubleshoot the potential problems
for the components of your Windows. It will initiate automatic corrective action or
log the appropriate diagnostic information for the cause analysis of the problems,
and then notify the user of the potential problem.
You can see, if it is active using command:
sc query dps
To stop the service with command:
sc stop dps
To disable use this command:
sc config dps start=disabled

Disable Threaded DPCs in the system:

What is Treaded DPCs :
A threaded DPC is a DPC that the system executes at IRQL equal to PASSIVE_LEVEL.
Threaded DPCs are enabled by default, but you can disable them by setting the HKLM\
System\CCS\Control\SessionManager\Kernel\ThreadDpcEnable registry key to zero. When
threaded DPCs are disabled, they execute as ordinary DPCs.
An ordinary DPC preempts the execution of all threads, and cannot be preempted by a
thread or by another DPC. If the system has a large number of ordinary DPCs queued,
or if one of those DPCs runs for a long time, every thread will remain paused for
an arbitrarily long time. Thus, each ordinary DPC increases system latency, which
can hurt the performance of time-sensitive applications, such as audio or video
playback.
Resources: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/kernel/
introduction-to-threaded-dpcs
How to disable threaded DPCs:
reg add "HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\kernel" /v
ThreadDpcEnable /t REG_DWORD /f /d 0
You can try add this to your regedit and if you will get as me, that its not
capable to what you want, you just need to go to regedit and manually delete
this one record from the registry
I found this one increase page faults in dpc latency checker and it does not help
me a lot.

From Windows 10 being continued in 11 etc. has been introduced

Windows Customer Experience Improvement Program (CEIP) - its Telemetry services to
tracking data, collect data, diagnostic data:
WdiServiceHost
Diagnostic Service Host
Service to collect data on your system
sc query WdiServiceHost
sc stop WdiServiceHost
sc config WdiServiceHost start=disabled
The same for WdiSystemHost.

DiagTrack
This is Diagnostics Tracking Service
This service collects data to send to Microsoft.
You can disable it.
sc query DiagTrack
sc stop DiagTrack
sc config DiagTrack start=disabled
cz resource:
http://www.harryho.info/security_jakna_w10.htm

Last, but not least

Use MDM Bridge WMI Provider to Configure the WindowsIoT CSP
This CSP configures the system for real-time performance. You need to provide the
number of CPU cores to allocate to real-time tasks, with the rest being allocated
for running system or standard user tasks. A numerical value must be provided in
the SetRTCores node. This is the number of CPU Cores dedicated to real-time
workloads. Valid numeric values must be at least 1 and less than the number of
physical cores in the CPU.

Environments that use Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) can use the MDM
Bridge WMI Provider to accomplish this. Here's an example to set the RealTime
configuration with three real-time cores
So, how it can be done:
run cmd as administrator
put PowerShell, enter
Get-CimInstance -Namespace "root\cimv2\mdm\dmmap" -ClassName
"MDM_Policy_Result01_Experience02"
put this command, where SERVER1 is name of your computer:
[Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimCmdlets.ProtocolType]$Protocol = 'DCOM'
>> $option = New-CimSessionOption -Protocol $protocol
>> $session = New-CimSession -ComputerName SERVER1 -SessionOption $option
>> Get-CimInstance -CimSession $session -ClassName win32_computersystem
+
Resource: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot/iot-enterprise/soft-real-
time/soft-real-time-device
...

Unpark your CORES

UnPark your CPU Cores EASY 2021 ~ Unpark Cores - Get Maximum PERFORMANCE & FPS
Resources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s49r4Eq2WkQ&ab_channel=NicoKnowsTech

* Setting up High priority for executable process *

Go to regedit
Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File
Execution Options\Cubase13.exe\PerfOptions
Create new key, for example Cubase13.exe (executable file)
In it, create PerfOptions
In there, right click and create new DWORD (32bit) called CpuPriorityClass and
after right click on that and choose Change and put value 3
High: 3
Above Normal: 6
Normal: 2
Below Normal: 5
Low: 1
This will change executable file priority in case of value 3 to high everytime you
start Cubase13.
Note1: Dont put priority Realtime, because you will get into the troubles..
Note, that since the tweak involves changing system registries, don’t do it if you
are not comfortable with it. It’s on your own risk.
Try and check.

Additional registry tweaks :

Note: MAKE BACKUP OF YOUR REGISTRY FIRST

Take a look to https://n1kobg.blogspot.com/p/blog-page_23.html

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Multimedia\
SystemProfile]
"AlwaysOn"=dword:00000001
"NetworkThrottlingIndex"=dword:ffffffff
"SystemResponsiveness"=dword:00000000
"NoLazyMode"=dword:00000001

COMPUTER\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\
Multimedia\SystemProfile\Tasks\Audio
change setting for Affinity from 0 to 7
"Affinity"=dword:00000007
Change "SFIO Priority" to "High"
Change "Scheduling Category" to "Medium"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Multimedia\
SystemProfile\Tasks\DisplayPostProcessing]
"Affinity"=dword:00000000
"Background Only"="True"
"BackgroundPriority"=dword:00000018
"Clock Rate"=dword:00002710
"GPU Priority"=dword:00000012
"Priority"=dword:00000008
"Scheduling Category"="High"
"SFIO Priority"="High"
"Latency Sensitive"="True"
Change "GPU Priority" from 8 to 12
Change "Background Only" from "True" to "False"
Change "SFIO Priority" from "Normal" to "High"

Resources:
http://jplay.eu/forum/index.php?/topic/3063-pink-hq-minorityclean/page-145
https://n1kobg.blogspot.com/p/blog-page_23.html
Note2:
For badly configured windows computers, MMCSS (Multimedia Class Scheduling Service)
is extremely useful, because it prioritizes certain multimedia threads higher than
any other processes running on your computer. In Cubase since version 7.0.6, the
realtime ASIO threads are the ones that get prioritized.

MMCSS normally reserves 20% of your CPU power to low priority processes. All the
time. Always. Permanently.

You can get this down to 10% if you like by a registry change:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Multimedia\
SystemProfile
SystemResponsiveness=10 (DWORD, default is 20, all decimal)
The hex values: 0xa (10), default is 0x14 (20).
You CANNOT GO LOWER THAN 10, it will just default back to 20 if you do.
But that's still 10% of your computers CPU power wasted for low priority processes
that might never occur while using Cubase.

Any other tweaks under cmd as admin:

-------------------------------------
C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set linearaddress57 OptOut
Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set increaseuserva 268435328

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set firstmegabytepolicy UseAll

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set avoidlowmemory 0x8000000

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set nolowmem Yes

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set allowedinmemorysettings 0x0

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set isolatedcontext No

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set vsmlaunchtype Off

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set vm No
Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set x2apicpolicy Enable

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set configaccesspolicy Default

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set MSI Default

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set usephysicaldestination No

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set usefirmwarepcisettings No

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /deletevalue useplatformclock

An error occurred while attempting to delete the specified data element.
Prvek nebyl nalezen.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /deletevalue disabledynamictick

An error occurred while attempting to delete the specified data element.
Prvek nebyl nalezen.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set useplatformtick Yes

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit /set tscsyncpolicy Enhanced

Operace byla dokončena úspěšně.

C:\Windows\System32>netsh winsock set autotuning on

You must restart the computer in order for the autotuning change to take effect.

https://sites.google.com/view/melodystweaks/basictweaks

Kernel dpc latency ?

Yes, it exist.
I recommend to get more information here
https://www.reddit.com/r/Windows11/comments/12yghi6/
eliminating_high_dpc_latency_and_getting_kernel/?rdt=44158