Google Sheets function list

Google Sheets supports cell formulas typically found in most desktop spreadsheet packages. Functions can be
used to create formulas that manipulate data and calculate strings and numbers.

Here's a list of all the functions available in each category. When using them, don't forget to add quotation marks
around all function components made of alphabetic characters that aren't referring to cells or columns.

You can change the language of Google Sheets functions between English and 21 other languages.

Filter with a few keywords ... Narrow by ...

Type Name Syntax Description

ARRAY_CONSTRAIN(input Constrains an array result

Array ARRAY_CONSTRAIN _range, num_rows, to a speci ed size. Learn
num_cols) more

Calculates the frequency

FREQUENCY(data, distribution of a one-
Array FREQUENCY
classes) column array into speci ed
classes. Learn more

Given partial data about an

exponential growth trend,
GROWTH(known_data_y,
ts an ideal exponential
Array GROWTH [known_data_x],
growth trend and/or
[new_data_x], [b])
predicts further values.
Learn more

Given partial data about a

LINEST(known_data_y, linear trend, calculates
[known_data_x], various parameters about
Array LINEST
[calculate_b], the ideal linear trend using
[verbose]) the least-squares method.
Learn more

Given partial data about an

exponential growth curve,
LOGEST(known_data_y,
calculates various
Array LOGEST [known_data_x], [b],
parameters about the best
[verbose])
t ideal exponential growth
curve. Learn more

Returns the matrix

determinant of a square
MDETERM(square_matrix
Array MDETERM matrix speci ed as an
)
array or range. Learn more

Returns the multiplicative

MINVERSE(square_matri inverse of a square matrix
Array MINVERSE
x) speci ed as an array or
range. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the matrix

MMULT(matrix1, product of two matrices
Array MMULT
matrix2) speci ed as arrays or
ranges. Learn more

Calculates the sum of the

products of corresponding
SUMPRODUCT(array1,
Array SUMPRODUCT entries in two equal-sized
[array2, ...])
arrays or ranges. Learn
more

Calculates the sum of the

SUMX2MY2(array_x, differences of the squares
Array SUMX2MY2
array_y) of values in two arrays.
Learn more

Calculates the sum of the

SUMX2PY2(array_x, sums of the squares of
Array SUMX2PY2
array_y) values in two arrays. Learn
more

Calculates the sum of the

SUMXMY2(array_x, squares of differences of
Array SUMXMY2
array_y) values in two arrays. Learn
more

Transposes the rows and

TRANSPOSE(array_or_ra columns of an array or
Array TRANSPOSE
nge) range of cells. Learn more

Given partial data about a

linear trend, ts an ideal
TREND(known_data_y,
linear trend using the least
Array TREND [known_data_x],
squares method and/or
[new_data_x], [b])
predicts further values.
Learn more

Returns the average of a

set of values selected
DAVERAGE(database,
Database DAVERAGE from a database table-like
field, criteria)
array or range using a SQL-
like query. Learn more

Counts numeric values

selected from a database
DCOUNT(database,
Database DCOUNT table-like array or range
field, criteria)
using a SQL-like query.
Learn more

Counts values, including

text, selected from a
DCOUNTA(database,
Database DCOUNTA database table-like array or
field, criteria)
range using a SQL-like
query. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns a single value

DGET(database, field, from a database table-like
Database DGET
criteria) array or range using a SQL-
like query. Learn more

Returns the maximum

value selected from a
DMAX(database, field,
Database DMAX database table-like array or
criteria)
range using a SQL-like
query. Learn more

Returns the minimum

value selected from a
DMIN(database, field,
Database DMIN database table-like array or
criteria)
range using a SQL-like
query. Learn more

Returns the product of

values selected from a
DPRODUCT(database,
Database DPRODUCT database table-like array or
field, criteria)
range using a SQL-like
query. Learn more

Returns the standard

deviation of a population
DSTDEV(database, sample selected from a
Database DSTDEV
field, criteria) database table-like array or
range using a SQL-like
query. Learn more

Returns the standard

deviation of an entire
DSTDEVP(database, population selected from a
Database DSTDEVP
field, criteria) database table-like array or
range using a SQL-like
query. Learn more

Returns the sum of values

selected from a database
DSUM(database, field,
Database DSUM table-like array or range
criteria)
using a SQL-like
query. Learn more

Returns the variance of a

population sample
DVAR(database, field, selected from a database
Database DVAR
criteria) table-like array or range
using a SQL-like query.
Learn more

Returns the variance of an

entire population selected
DVARP(database,
Database DVARP from a database table-like
field, criteria)
array or range using a SQL-
like query. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Converts a provided year,

DATE(year, month,
Date DATE month, and day into a date.
day)
Learn more

Calculates the number of

DATEDIF(start_date, days, months, or years
Date DATEDIF
end_date, unit) between two dates. Learn
more

Converts a provided date

DATEVALUE(date_string string in a known format to
Date DATEVALUE
) a date value. Learn more

Returns the day of the

month that a speci c date
Date DAY DAY(date)
falls on, in numeric format.
Learn more

Returns the number of

DAYS(end_date,
Date DAYS days between two dates.
start_date)
Learn more.

Returns the difference

between two days based
DAYS360(start_date, on the 360 day year used
Date DAYS360
end_date, [method]) in some nancial interest
calculations. Learn more

Returns a date a speci ed

EDATE(start_date, number of months before
Date EDATE
months) or after another date.
Learn more

Returns a date
representing the last day
of a month which falls a
EOMONTH(start_date,
Date EOMONTH speci ed number of
months)
months before or after
another date. Learn more

Returns the hour

component of a speci c
Date HOUR HOUR(time)
time, in numeric format.
Learn more

Returns the number of the

ISO week of the year
Date ISOWEEKNUM ISOWEEKNUM(date)
where the provided date
falls. Learn more

Returns the minute

component of a speci c
Date MINUTE MINUTE(time)
time, in numeric format.
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the month of the

year a speci c date falls in,
Date MONTH MONTH(date)
in numeric format. Learn
more

Returns the number of net

NETWORKDAYS(start_dat
working days between two
Date NETWORKDAYS e, end_date,
provided days. Learn more
[holidays])

Returns the number of net

NETWORKDAYS.INTL(star working days between two
t_date, end_date, provided days excluding
Date NETWORKDAYS.INTL
[weekend], speci ed weekend days
[holidays]) and holidays. Learn more

Returns the current date

Date NOW NOW() and time as a date value.
Learn more

Returns the second

component of a speci c
Date SECOND SECOND(time)
time, in numeric format.
Learn more

Converts a provided hour,

TIME(hour, minute,
Date TIME minute, and second into a
second)
time. Learn more

Returns the fraction of a

TIMEVALUE(time_string
Date TIMEVALUE 24-hour day the time
)
represents. Learn more

Returns the current date as

Date TODAY TODAY() a date value. Learn more

Returns a number
representing the day of the
Date WEEKDAY WEEKDAY(date, [type])
week of the date provided.
Learn more

Returns a number
representing the week of
Date WEEKNUM WEEKNUM(date, [type]) the year where the
provided date falls. Learn
more

Calculates the end date

WORKDAY(start_date, after a speci ed number of
Date WORKDAY
num_days, [holidays]) working days. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the date after a

WORKDAY.INTL(start_da speci ed number of
te, num_days, workdays excluding
Date WORKDAY.INTL
[weekend], speci ed weekend days
[holidays]) and holidays. Learn more

Returns the year speci ed

Date YEAR YEAR(date) by a given date. Learn
more

Returns the number of

YEARFRAC(start_date, years, including fractional
end_date, years, between two dates
Date YEARFRAC
[day_count_convention using a speci ed day
]) count convention. Learn
more

Converts a signed binary

BIN2DEC(signed_binary
Engineering BIN2DEC number to decimal format.
_number)
Learn more

Converts a signed binary

BIN2HEX(signed_binary
number to signed
Engineering BIN2HEX _number,
hexadecimal format. Learn
[significant_digits])
more

BIN2OCT(signed_binary Converts a signed binary

Engineering BIN2OCT _number, number to signed octal
[significant_digits]) format. Learn more

Bitwise boolean AND of

BITAND(value1,
Engineering BITAND two numbers. Learn more.
value2)

Shifts the bits of the input

BITLSHIFT(value,
Engineering BITLSHIFT a certain number of places
shift_amount)
to the left. Learn more.

Bitwise boolean OR of 2
Engineering BITOR BITOR(value1, value2)
numbers. Learn more.

Shifts the bits of the input

BITRSHIFT(value, a certain number of places
Engineering BITRSHIFT
shift_amount) to the right. Learn more.

Bitwise XOR (exclusive OR)

BITXOR(value1,
Engineering BITXOR of 2 numbers. Learn more.
value2)

Creates a complex number

COMPLEX(real_part,
given real and imaginary
Engineering COMPLEX imaginary_part,
coe cients. Learn more
[suffix])

DEC2BIN(decimal_numbe Converts a decimal

Engineering DEC2BIN r, number to signed binary
[significant_digits]) format. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Converts a decimal
DEC2HEX(decimal_numbe
number to signed
Engineering DEC2HEX r,
hexadecimal format. Learn
[significant_digits])
more

DEC2OCT(decimal_numbe Converts a decimal

Engineering DEC2OCT r, number to signed octal
[significant_digits]) format. Learn more

Compare two numeric

DELTA(number1, values, returning 1 if
Engineering DELTA
[number2]) they're equal. Learn more

The ERF function returns

the integral of the Gauss
ERF(lower_bound,
Engineering ERF error function over an
[upper_bound])
interval of values. Learn
more .

ERF.PRECISE(lower_bou
Engineering ERF.PRECISE See ERF
nd, [upper_bound])

Returns 1 if the rate is

strictly greater than or
equal to the provided step
Engineering GESTEP GESTEP(value, [step]) value or 0 otherwise. If no
step value is provided then
the default value of 0 will
be used. Learn more.

Converts a signed
HEX2BIN(signed_hexade
hexadecimal number to
Engineering HEX2BIN cimal_number,
signed binary format.
[significant_digits])
Learn more

Converts a signed
HEX2DEC(signed_hexade hexadecimal number to
Engineering HEX2DEC
cimal_number) decimal format. Learn
more

Converts a signed
HEX2OCT(signed_hexade
hexadecimal number to
Engineering HEX2OCT cimal_number,
signed octal format. Learn
significant_digits)
more

Returns absolute value of

Engineering IMABS IMABS(number) a complex number. Learn
more

Returns the imaginary

IMAGINARY(complex_num
Engineering IMAGINARY coe cient of a complex
ber)
number. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

The IMARGUMENT
function returns the angle
(also known as the
Engineering IMARGUMENT IMARGUMENT(number)
argument or \theta) of the
given complex number in
radians. Learn more .

Returns the complex

Engineering IMCONJUGATE IMCONJUGATE(number) conjugate of a number.
Learn more

The IMCOS function

returns the cosine of the
Engineering IMCOS IMCOS(number)
given complex number.
Learn more .

Returns the hyperbolic

cosine of the given
complex number. For
Engineering IMCOSH IMCOSH(number) example, a given complex
number "x+yi" returns
"cosh(x+yi)." Learn more
.

Returns the cotangent of

the given complex number.
For example, a given
Engineering IMCOT IMCOT(number)
complex number "x+yi"
returns "cot(x+yi)." Learn
more .

Returns the hyperbolic

cotangent of the given
complex number. For
Engineering IMCOTH IMCOTH(number) example, a given complex
number "x+yi" returns
"coth(x+yi)." Learn more
.

Returns the cosecant of

Engineering IMCSC IMCSC(number) the given complex number.
Learn more .

Returns the hyperbolic

cosecant of the given
complex number. For
Engineering IMCSCH IMCSCH(number) example, a given complex
number "x+yi" returns
"csch(x+yi)." Learn more
.

Returns one complex

IMDIV(dividend,
Engineering IMDIV number divided by another.
divisor)
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns Euler's number, e

(~2.718) raised to a
Engineering IMEXP IMEXP(exponent)
complex power. Learn
more .

Returns the logarithm of a

complex number for a
Engineering IMLOG IMLOG(value, base)
speci ed base. Learn more
.

Returns the logarithm of a

Engineering IMLOG10 IMLOG10(value) complex number with base
10. Learn more .

Returns the logarithm of a

Engineering IMLOG2 IMLOG2(value) complex number with base
2. Learn more .

Returns the result of

IMPRODUCT(factor1, multiplying a series of
Engineering IMPRODUCT
[factor2, ...]) complex numbers
together. Learn more

Returns the real coe cient

IMREAL(complex_number
Engineering IMREAL of a complex number.
)
Learn more

Returns the secant of the

given complex number. For
Engineering IMSEC IMSEC(number) example, a given complex
number "x+yi" returns
"sec(x+yi)." Learn more .

Returns the hyperbolic

secant of the given
complex number. For
Engineering IMSECH IMSECH(number) example, a given complex
number "x+yi" returns
"sech(x+yi)." Learn more
.

Returns the sine of the

Engineering IMSIN IMSIN (number) given complex number.
Learn more .

Returns the hyperbolic

sine of the given complex
number. For example, a
Engineering IMSINH IMSINH(number) given complex number
"x+yi" returns
"sinh(x+yi)." Learn more
.

Returns the difference

IMSUB(first_number,
Engineering IMSUB between two complex
second_number)
numbers. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the sum of a

IMSUM(value1,
Engineering IMSUM series of complex
[value2, ...])
numbers. Learn more

Returns the tangent of the

Engineering IMTAN IMTAN(number) given complex number.
Learn more .

Returns the hyperbolic

tangent of the given
complex number. For
Engineering IMTANH IMTANH(number) example, a given complex
number "x+yi" returns
"tanh(x+yi)." Learn more
.

OCT2BIN(signed_octal_ Converts a signed octal

Engineering OCT2BIN number, number to signed binary
[significant_digits]) format. Learn more

Converts a signed octal

OCT2DEC(signed_octal_
Engineering OCT2DEC number to decimal format.
number)
Learn more

Converts a signed octal

OCT2HEX(signed_octal_
number to signed
Engineering OCT2HEX number,
hexadecimal format. Learn
[significant_digits])
more

Returns a ltered version

of the source range,
FILTER(range,
returning only rows or
Filter FILTER condition1,
columns which meet the
[condition2])
speci ed conditions. Learn
more

SORT(range,
Sorts the rows of a given
sort_column,
array or range by the
Filter SORT is_ascending,
values in one or more
[sort_column2],
columns. Learn more
[is_ascending2])

SORTN(range, [n],
Returns the rst n items in
[display_ties_mode],
Filter SORTN a data set after performing
[sort_column1,
a sort. Learn more
is_ascending1], ...)

Returns unique rows in the

provided source range,
discarding duplicates.
Filter UNIQUE UNIQUE(range) Rows are returned in the
order in which they rst
appear in the source
range. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

ACCRINT(issue,
first_payment,
Calculates the accrued
settlement, rate,
interest of a security that
Financial ACCRINT redemption,
has periodic payments.
frequency,
Learn more
[day_count_convention
])

ACCRINTM(issue,
Calculates the accrued
maturity, rate,
interest of a security that
Financial ACCRINTM [redemption],
pays interest at maturity.
[day_count_convention
Learn more
])

Returns the depreciation

AMORLINC(cost, for an accounting period,
purchase_date, or the prorated
Financial AMORLINC first_period_end, depreciation if the asset
salvage, period, was purchased in the
rate, [basis]) middle of a period. Learn
more.

COUPDAYBS(settlement, Calculates the number of

maturity, frequency, days from the rst coupon,
Financial COUPDAYBS
[day_count_convention or interest payment, until
]) settlement. Learn more

Calculates the number of

COUPDAYS(settlement, days in the coupon, or
maturity, frequency, interest payment, period
Financial COUPDAYS
[day_count_convention that contains the speci ed
]) settlement date. Learn
more

COUPDAYSNC(settlement Calculates the number of

, maturity, days from the settlement
Financial COUPDAYSNC frequency, date until the next coupon,
[day_count_convention or interest payment. Learn
]) more

COUPNCD(settlement, Calculates next coupon, or

maturity, frequency, interest payment, date
Financial COUPNCD
[day_count_convention after the settlement date.
]) Learn more

Calculates the number of

COUPNUM(settlement, coupons, or interest
maturity, frequency, payments, between the
Financial COUPNUM
[day_count_convention settlement date and the
]) maturity date of the
investment. Learn more

COUPPCD(settlement, Calculates last coupon, or

maturity, frequency, interest payment, date
Financial COUPPCD
[day_count_convention before the settlement date.
]) Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the cumulative

CUMIPMT(rate, interest over a range of
number_of_periods, payment periods for an
present_value, investment based on
Financial CUMIPMT
first_period, constant-amount periodic
last_period, payments and a constant
end_or_beginning) interest rate. Learn more

Calculates the cumulative

CUMPRINC(rate, principal paid over a range
number_of_periods, of payment periods for an
present_value, investment based on
Financial CUMPRINC
first_period, constant-amount periodic
last_period, payments and a constant
end_or_beginning) interest rate. Learn more

Calculates the
depreciation of an asset
DB(cost, salvage,
for a speci ed period
Financial DB life, period,
using the arithmetic
[month])
declining balance method.
Learn more

Calculates the
depreciation of an asset
DDB(cost, salvage,
for a speci ed period
Financial DDB life, period,
using the double-declining
[factor])
balance method. Learn
more

DISC(settlement,
maturity, price, Calculates the discount
Financial DISC redemption, rate of a security based on
[day_count_convention price. Learn more
])

Converts a price quotation

DOLLARDE(fractional_p given as a decimal fraction
Financial DOLLARDE
rice, unit) into a decimal value. Learn
more

Converts a price quotation

DOLLARFR(decimal_pric given as a decimal value
Financial DOLLARFR
e, unit) into a decimal fraction.
Learn more

Calculates the number of

DURATION(settlement, compounding periods
maturity, rate, required for an investment
Financial DURATION yield, frequency, of a speci ed present
[day_count_convention value appreciating at a
]) . given rate to reach a target
value. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the annual

effective interest rate
EFFECT(nominal_rate, given the nominal rate and
Financial EFFECT
periods_per_year) number of compounding
periods per year. Learn
more

Calculates the future value

FV(rate,
of an annuity investment
number_of_periods,
based on constant-amount
Financial FV payment_amount,
periodic payments and a
[present_value],
constant interest rate.
[end_or_beginning])
Learn more

Calculates the future value

of some principal based
FVSCHEDULE(principal,
Financial FVSCHEDULE on a speci ed series of
rate_schedule)
potentially varying interest
rates. Learn more

Calculates the effective

interest rate generated
INTRATE(buy_date, when an investment is
sell_date, buy_price, purchased at one price
Financial INTRATE sell_price, and sold at another with
[day_count_convention no interest or dividends
]) generated by the
investment itself. Learn
more

Calculates the payment on

IPMT(rate, period,
interest for an investment
number_of_periods,
based on constant-amount
Financial IPMT present_value,
periodic payments and a
[future_value],
constant interest rate.
[end_or_beginning])
Learn more

Calculates the internal rate

of return on an investment
IRR(cashflow_amounts,
Financial IRR based on a series of
[rate_guess])
periodic cash ows. Learn
more

The ISPMT function

ISPMT(rate, period, calculates the interest paid
Financial ISPMT number_of_periods, during a particular period
present_value) of an investment. Learn
more .

Calculates the modi ed

MDURATION(settlement, Macaulay duration of a
maturity, rate, security paying periodic
Financial MDURATION yield, frequency, interest, such as a US
[day_count_convention Treasury Bond, based on
]) expected yield. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the modi ed

internal rate of return on
an investment based on a
MIRR(cashflow_amounts series of periodic cash
, financing_rate, ows and the difference
Financial MIRR
reinvestment_return_r between the interest rate
ate) paid on nancing versus
the return received on
reinvested income. Learn
more

Calculates the annual

nominal interest rate given
NOMINAL(effective_rat the effective rate and
Financial NOMINAL
e, periods_per_year) number of compounding
periods per year. Learn
more

Calculates the number of

NPER(rate, payment periods for an
payment_amount, investment based on
Financial NPER present_value, constant-amount periodic
[future_value], payments and a constant
[end_or_beginning]) interest rate. Learn more

Calculates the net present

value of an investment
NPV(discount,
based on a series of
Financial NPV cashflow1,
periodic cash ows and a
[cashflow2, ...])
discount rate. Learn more

Returns the number of

PDURATION(rate, periods for an investment
Financial PDURATION present_value, to reach a speci c value at
future_value) a given rate. Learn more
.

Calculates the periodic

PMT(rate, payment for an annuity
number_of_periods, investment based on
Financial PMT present_value, constant-amount periodic
[future_value], payments and a constant
[end_or_beginning]) interest rate. Learn more

Calculates the payment on

PPMT(rate, period, the principal of an
number_of_periods, investment based on
Financial PPMT present_value, constant-amount periodic
[future_value], payments and a constant
[end_or_beginning]) interest rate. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

PRICE(settlement, Calculates the price of a

maturity, rate, security paying periodic
yield, redemption, interest, such as a US
Financial PRICE
frequency, Treasury Bond, based on
[day_count_convention expected yield. Learn more
])

PRICEDISC(settlement, Calculates the price of a

maturity, discount, discount (non-interest-
Financial PRICEDISC redemption, bearing) security, based on
[day_count_convention expected yield. Learn more
])

PRICEMAT(settlement, Calculates the price of a

maturity, issue, security paying interest at
Financial PRICEMAT rate, yield, maturity, based on
[day_count_convention expected yield. Learn more
])

Calculates the present

PV(rate, value of an annuity
number_of_periods, investment based on
Financial PV payment_amount, constant-amount periodic
[future_value], payments and a constant
[end_or_beginning]) interest rate. Learn more

RATE(number_of_period Calculates the interest rate

s, of an annuity investment
payment_per_period, based on constant-amount
Financial RATE present_value, periodic payments and the
[future_value], assumption of a constant
[end_or_beginning], interest rate. Learn more
[rate_guess])

RECEIVED(settlement, Calculates the amount

maturity, investment, received at maturity for an
Financial RECEIVED discount, investment in xed-income
[day_count_convention securities purchased on a
]) given date. Learn more

Returns the interest rate

RRI(number_of_periods needed for an investment
Financial RRI , present_value, to reach a speci c value
future_value) within a given number of
periods. Learn more .

Calculates the
depreciation of an asset
SLN(cost, salvage,
Financial SLN for one period using the
life)
straight-line method. Learn
more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the
depreciation of an asset
SYD(cost, salvage, for a speci ed period
Financial SYD
life, period) using the sum of years
digits method. Learn more

Calculates the equivalent

annualized rate of return of
TBILLEQ(settlement,
Financial TBILLEQ a US Treasury Bill based
maturity, discount)
on discount rate. Learn
more

Calculates the price of a

TBILLPRICE(settlement US Treasury Bill based on
Financial TBILLPRICE
, maturity, discount) discount rate. Learn more

Calculates the yield of a

TBILLYIELD(settlement
Financial TBILLYIELD US Treasury Bill based on
, maturity, price)
price. Learn more

VDB(cost, salvage, Returns the depreciation

life, start_period, of an asset for a particular
Financial VDB
end_period, [factor], period (or partial
[no_switch]) period). Learn more .

Calculates the internal rate

of return of an investment
XIRR(cashflow_amounts
based on a speci ed
Financial XIRR , cashflow_dates,
series of potentially
[rate_guess])
irregularly spaced cash
ows. Learn more

Calculates the net present

value of an investment
XNPV(discount, based on a speci ed
Financial XNPV cashflow_amounts, series of potentially
cashflow_dates) irregularly spaced cash
ows and a discount rate.
Learn more

YIELD(settlement,
Calculates the annual yield
maturity, rate,
of a security paying
price, redemption,
Financial YIELD periodic interest, such as a
frequency,
US Treasury Bond, based
[day_count_convention
on price. Learn more
])

YIELDDISC(settlement, Calculates the annual

maturity, price, yield of a discount (non-
Financial YIELDDISC redemption, interest-bearing) security,
[day_count_convention based on price. Learn
]) more
Type Name Syntax Description

YIELDMAT(settlement,
Calculates the annual yield
maturity, issue,
of a security paying
Financial YIELDMAT rate, price,
interest at maturity, based
[day_count_convention
on price. Learn more
])

Enables the display of

values returned from an
array formula into multiple
ARRAYFORMULA(array_fo
Google ARRAYFORMULA rows and/or columns and
rmula)
the use of non-array
functions with arrays.
Learn more

Identi es the language

DETECTLANGUAGE(text_o used in text within the
Google DETECTLANGUAGE
r_range) speci ed range. Learn
more

GOOGLEFINANCE(ticker,
Fetches current or
[attribute],
historical securities
Google GOOGLEFINANCE [start_date],
information from Google
[end_date|num_days],
Finance. Learn more
[interval])

GOOGLETRANSLATE(text, Translates text from one

Google GOOGLETRANSLATE [source_language], language into
[target_language]) another Learn more

IMAGE(url, [mode], Inserts an image into a

Google IMAGE
[height], [width]) cell. Learn more

Runs a Google
QUERY(data, query, Visualization API Query
Google QUERY
[headers]) Language query across
data. Learn more

Creates a miniature chart

SPARKLINE(data,
Google SPARKLINE contained within a single
[options])
cell. Learn more

Returns a number
corresponding to the error
Info ERROR.TYPE ERROR.TYPE(reference)
value in a different cell.
Learn more

Checks whether the

Info ISBLANK ISBLANK(value) referenced cell is empty.
Learn more

Returns whether a value is

Info ISDATE ISDATE(value)
a date. Learn more.

Checks whether a value is

Info ISEMAIL ISEMAIL(value) a valid email address.
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Checks whether a value is

Info ISERR ISERR(value) an error other than `#N/A`.
Learn more

Checks whether a value is

Info ISERROR ISERROR(value)
an error. Learn more

Checks whether a formula

Info ISFORMULA ISFORMULA(cell) is in the referenced cell.
Learn more

Checks whether a value is

Info ISLOGICAL ISLOGICAL(value) `TRUE` or `FALSE`. Learn
more

Checks whether a value is

Info ISNA ISNA(value) the error `#N/A`. Learn
more

Checks whether a value is

Info ISNONTEXT ISNONTEXT(value)
non-textual. Learn more

Checks whether a value is

Info ISNUMBER ISNUMBER(value)
a number. Learn more

Checks whether a value is

Info ISREF ISREF(value) a valid cell reference.
Learn more

Checks whether a value is

Info ISTEXT ISTEXT(value)
text. Learn more

Returns the argument

Info N N(value) provided as a number.
Learn more

Returns the "value not

Info NA NA() available" error, `#N/A`.
Learn more

Returns a number
associated with the type of
Info TYPE TYPE(value)
data passed into the
function. Learn more

Returns the requested

CELL(info_type, information about the
Info CELL
reference) speci ed cell. Learn more

Returns true if all of the

AND(logical_expressio provided arguments are
n1, logically true, and false if
Logical AND
[logical_expression2, any of the provided
...]) arguments are logically
false. Learn more

Returns the logical value

Logical FALSE FALSE()
`FALSE`. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns one value if a

IF(logical_expression
logical expression is
Logical IF , value_if_true,
`TRUE` and another if it is
value_if_false)
`FALSE`. Learn more

Returns the rst argument

if it is not an error value,
otherwise returns the
IFERROR(value,
Logical IFERROR second argument if
[value_if_error])
present, or a blank if the
second argument is
absent. Learn more

Evaluates a value. If the

IFNA(value, value is an #N/A error,
Logical IFNA
value_if_na) returns the speci ed value.
Learn more .

Evaluates multiple
IFS(condition1, conditions and returns a
Logical IFS value1, [condition2, value that corresponds to
value2], …) the rst true condition.
Learn more.

Returns the opposite of a

logical value -
NOT(logical_expressio `NOT(TRUE)` returns
Logical NOT
n) `FALSE`; `NOT(FALSE)`
returns `TRUE`. Learn
more

Returns true if any of the

OR(logical_expression provided arguments are
1, logically true, and false if
Logical OR
[logical_expression2, all of the provided
...]) arguments are logically
false. Learn more

Tests an expression
against a list of cases and
SWITCH(expression,
returns the corresponding
case1, value1,
Logical SWITCH value of the rst matching
[default or case2,
case, with an optional
value2], …)
default value if nothing
else is met. Learn more

Returns the logical value

Logical TRUE TRUE()
`TRUE`. Learn more

The XOR function

XOR(logical_expressio performs an exclusive or
n1, of 2 numbers that returns
Logical XOR
[logical_expression2, a 1 if the numbers are
...]) different, and a 0
otherwise. Learn more .
Type Name Syntax Description

ADDRESS(row, column,
[absolute_relative_mo
Returns a cell reference as
Lookup ADDRESS de],
a string. Learn more
[use_a1_notation],
[sheet])

CHOOSE(index, Returns an element from a

Lookup CHOOSE choice1, [choice2, list of choices based on
...]) index. Learn more

Returns the column

COLUMN([cell_referenc
Lookup COLUMN number of a speci ed cell,
e])
with `A=1`. Learn more

Returns the number of

columns in a speci ed
Lookup COLUMNS COLUMNS(range)
array or range. Learn more

Returns the formula as a

Lookup FORMULATEXT FORMULATEXT(cell)
string. Learn more .

GETPIVOTDATA(value_na
Extracts an aggregated
me,
value from a pivot table
any_pivot_table_cell,
Lookup GETPIVOTDATA that corresponds to the
[original_column,
speci ed row and column
...], [pivot_item,
headings. Learn more
...]

Horizontal lookup.
Searches across the rst
HLOOKUP(search_key, row of a range for a key
Lookup HLOOKUP range, index, and returns the value of a
[is_sorted]) speci ed cell in the
column found. Learn more

Returns the content of a

INDEX(reference, cell, speci ed by row and
Lookup INDEX
[row], [column]) column offset. Learn more

INDIRECT(cell_referen Returns a cell reference

Lookup INDIRECT ce_as_string, speci ed by a string. Learn
[is_A1_notation]) more

Looks through a row or

column for a key and
LOOKUP(search_key,
returns the value of the cell
search_range|search_r
Lookup LOOKUP in a result range located in
esult_array,
the same position as the
[result_range])
search row or column.
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the relative

position of an item in a
MATCH(search_key,
Lookup MATCH range that matches a
range, [search_type])
speci ed value. Learn
more

Returns a range reference

OFFSET(cell_reference
shifted a speci ed number
, offset_rows,
Lookup OFFSET of rows and columns from
offset_columns,
a starting cell reference.
[height], [width])
Learn more

Returns the row number of

Lookup ROW ROW([cell_reference]) a speci ed cell. Learn
more

Returns the number of

Lookup ROWS ROWS(range) rows in a speci ed array or
range. Learn more

Vertical lookup. Searches

down the rst column of a
VLOOKUP(search_key,
range for a key and returns
Lookup VLOOKUP range, index,
the value of a speci ed
[is_sorted])
cell in the row found. Learn
more

Returns the absolute value

Math ABS ABS(value) of a number. Learn more

Returns the inverse cosine

Math ACOS ACOS(value) of a value, in radians.
Learn more

Returns the inverse

Math ACOSH ACOSH(value) hyperbolic cosine of a
number. Learn more

Returns the inverse

Math ACOT ACOT(value) cotangent of a value, in
radians. Learn more .

Returns the inverse

hyperbolic cotangent of a
Math ACOTH ACOTH(value) value, in radians. Must not
be between -1 and 1,
inclusive. Learn more .

Returns the inverse sine of

Math ASIN ASIN(value) a value, in radians. Learn
more

Returns the inverse

Math ASINH ASINH(value) hyperbolic sine of a
number. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the inverse

Math ATAN ATAN(value) tangent of a value, in
radians. Learn more

Returns the angle between

the x-axis and a line
segment from the origin
Math ATAN2 ATAN2(x, y)
(0,0) to speci ed
coordinate pair (`x`,`y`), in
radians. Learn more

Returns the inverse

Math ATANH ATANH(value) hyperbolic tangent of a
number. Learn more

Converts a number into a

text representation in
BASE(value, base,
Math BASE another base, for example,
[min_length])
base 2 for binary. Learn
more .

Rounds a number up to the

CEILING(value, nearest integer multiple of
Math CEILING
[factor]) speci ed signi cance.
Learn more

Rounds a number up to the

nearest integer multiple of
CEILING.MATH(number, speci ed signi cance, with
Math CEILING.MATH [significance], negative numbers
[mode]) rounding toward or away
from 0 depending on the
mode. Learn more.

Rounds a number up to the

nearest integer multiple of
CEILING.PRECISE(numbe speci ed signi cance. If
Math CEILING.PRECISE
r, [significance]) the number is positive or
negative, it is rounded up.
Learn more.

Returns the number of

ways to choose some
Math COMBIN COMBIN(n, k) number of objects from a
pool of a given size of
objects. Learn more

Returns the number of

ways to choose some
number of objects from a
pool of a given size of
Math COMBINA COMBINA(n, k)
objects, including ways
that choose the same
object multiple times.
Learn more .
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the cosine of an

Math COS COS(angle) angle provided in radians.
Learn more

Returns the hyperbolic

Math COSH COSH(value) cosine of any real number.
Learn more

Cotangent of an angle
Math COT COT(angle) provided in radians. Learn
more .

Returns the hyperbolic

Math COTH COTH(value) cotangent of any real
number. Learn more .

Returns the number of

Math COUNTBLANK COUNTBLANK(range) empty cells in a given
range. Learn more

Returns a conditional
COUNTIF(range,
Math COUNTIF count across a range.
criterion)
Learn more

COUNTIFS(criteria_ran Returns the count of a

ge1, criterion1, range depending on
Math COUNTIFS
[criteria_range2, multiple criteria. Learn
criterion2, ...]) more

Counts the number of

COUNTUNIQUE(value1, unique values in a list of
Math COUNTUNIQUE
[value2, ...]) speci ed values and
ranges. Learn more

Returns the cosecant of an

Math CSC CSC(angle) angle provided in radians.
Learn more .

The CSCH function returns

the hyperbolic cosecant of
Math CSCH CSCH(value)
any real number. Learn
more .

The DECIMAL function

converts the text
representation of a
Math DECIMAL DECIMAL(value, base)
number in another base, to
base 10 (decimal). Learn
more .

Converts an angle value in

Math DEGREES DEGREES(angle) radians to degrees. Learn
more

Returns the
complementary Gauss
Math ERFC ERFC(z)
error function of a value.
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Math ERFC.PRECISE ERFC.PRECISE(z) See ERFC

Rounds a number up to the

Math EVEN EVEN(value) nearest even integer. Learn
more

Returns Euler's number, e

Math EXP EXP(exponent) (~2.718) raised to a power.
Learn more

Returns the factorial of a

Math FACT FACT(value)
number. Learn more

Returns the "double

Math FACTDOUBLE FACTDOUBLE(value) factorial" of a number.
Learn more

Rounds a number down to

the nearest integer
FLOOR(value,
Math FLOOR multiple of speci ed
[factor])
signi cance. Learn more

Rounds a number down to

the nearest integer
multiple of speci ed
FLOOR.MATH(number,
signi cance, with negative
Math FLOOR.MATH [significance],
numbers rounding toward
[mode])
or away from 0 depending
on the mode. Learn more.

The FLOOR.PRECISE
function rounds a number
FLOOR.PRECISE(number, down to the nearest
Math FLOOR.PRECISE
[significance]) integer or multiple of
speci ed signi cance.
Learn more .

Returns the the logarithm

of a speci ed Gamma
Math GAMMALN GAMMALN(value)
function, base e (Euler's
number). Learn more

GAMMALN.PRECISE(value
Math GAMMALN.PRECISE See GAMMALN
)

Returns the greatest

common divisor of one or
Math GCD GCD(value1, value2)
more integers. Learn more

Returns the logarithm of a

complex number, base e
Math IMLN IMLN(complex_value)
(Euler's number). Learn
more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns a complex number

IMPOWER(complex_base,
Math IMPOWER raised to a power. Learn
exponent)
more

Computes the square root

IMSQRT(complex_number
Math IMSQRT of a complex number.
)
Learn more

Rounds a number down to

the nearest integer that is
Math INT INT(value)
less than or equal to it.
Learn more

Checks whether the

Math ISEVEN ISEVEN(value) provided value is even.
Learn more

ISO.CEILING(number,
Math ISO.CEILING See CEILING.PRECISE
[significance])

Checks whether the

Math ISODD ISODD(value) provided value is odd.
Learn more

Returns the least common

Math LCM LCM(value1, value2) multiple of one or more
integers. Learn more

Returns the the logarithm

of a number, base e
Math LN LN(value)
(Euler's number). Learn
more

Returns the the logarithm

Math LOG LOG(value, base) of a number given a base.
Learn more

Returns the the logarithm

Math LOG10 LOG10(value) of a number, base 10.
Learn more

Returns the result of the

MOD(dividend, modulo operator, the
Math MOD
divisor) remainder after a division
operation. Learn more

Rounds one number to the

Math MROUND MROUND(value, factor) nearest integer multiple of
another. Learn more

Returns the factorial of the

MULTINOMIAL(value1, sum of values divided by
Math MULTINOMIAL
value2) the product of the values'
factorials. Learn more

Returns a unit matrix of

Math MUNIT MUNIT(dimension) size dimension x
dimension. Learn more .
Type Name Syntax Description

Rounds a number up to the

Math ODD ODD(value) nearest odd integer. Learn
more

Returns the value of Pi to

Math PI PI() 14 decimal places. Learn
more

Returns a number raised to

Math POWER POWER(base, exponent)
a power. Learn more

Returns the result of

PRODUCT(factor1, multiplying a series of
Math PRODUCT
[factor2, ...]) numbers together. Learn
more

Returns one number

QUOTIENT(dividend,
Math QUOTIENT divided by another. Learn
divisor)
more

Converts an angle value in

Math RADIANS RADIANS(angle) degrees to radians. Learn
more

Returns a random number

Math RAND RAND() between 0 inclusive and 1
exclusive. Learn more

Generates an array of
RANDARRAY(rows,
Math RANDARRAY random numbers between
columns)
0 and 1. Learn more .

Returns a uniformly
RANDBETWEEN(low, random integer between
Math RANDBETWEEN
high) two values, inclusive.
Learn more

Rounds a number to a
certain number of decimal
ROUND(value,
Math ROUND places according to
[places])
standard rules. Learn more

Rounds a number to a
certain number of decimal
ROUNDDOWN(value,
Math ROUNDDOWN places, always rounding
[places])
down to the next valid
increment. Learn more

Rounds a number to a
certain number of decimal
ROUNDUP(value,
Math ROUNDUP places, always rounding up
[places])
to the next valid increment.
Learn more

The SEC function returns

the secant of an angle,
Math SEC SEC(angle)
measured in radians.
Learn more .
Type Name Syntax Description

The SECH function returns

Math SECH SECH(value) the hyperbolic secant of an
angle. Learn more

Returns an array of
SEQUENCE(rows, sequential numbers, such
Math SEQUENCE
columns, start, step) as 1, 2, 3, 4. Learn more
.

Given parameters x, n, m,
and a, returns the power
series sum a1xn + a2x(n+m)
Math SERIESSUM SERIESSUM(x, n, m, a)
+ ... + aix(n+(i-1)m), where i is
the number of entries in
range `a`. Learn more

Given an input number,

returns `-1` if it is negative,
Math SIGN SIGN(value)
`1` if positive, and `0` if it is
zero. Learn more

Returns the sine of an

Math SIN SIN(angle) angle provided in radians.
Learn more

Returns the hyperbolic

Math SINH SINH(value) sine of any real number.
Learn more

Returns the positive

Math SQRT SQRT(value) square root of a positive
number. Learn more

Returns the positive

square root of the product
Math SQRTPI SQRTPI(value)
of Pi and the given positive
number. Learn more

Returns a subtotal for a

SUBTOTAL(function_cod vertical range of cells
Math SUBTOTAL e, range1, [range2, using a speci ed
...]) aggregation function.
Learn more

Returns the sum of a

SUM(value1, [value2,
Math SUM series of numbers and/or
...])
cells. Learn more

SUMIF(range, Returns a conditional sum

Math SUMIF criterion, across a range. Learn
[sum_range]) more

SUMIFS(sum_range,
criteria_range1, Returns the sum of a range
Math SUMIFS criterion1, depending on multiple
[criteria_range2, criteria. Learn more
criterion2, ...])
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the sum of the

SUMSQ(value1, squares of a series of
Math SUMSQ
[value2, ...]) numbers and/or cells.
Learn more

Returns the tangent of an

Math TAN TAN(angle) angle provided in radians.
Learn more

Returns the hyperbolic

Math TANH TANH(value) tangent of any real
number. Learn more

Truncates a number to a
certain number of
TRUNC(value,
Math TRUNC signi cant digits by
[places])
omitting less signi cant
digits. Learn more

Returns the sum of two

numbers. Equivalent to the
Operator ADD ADD(value1, value2)
`+` operator. Learn more

Returns the concatenation

CONCAT(value1, of two values. Equivalent
Operator CONCAT
value2) to the `&` operator. Learn
more

Returns one number

DIVIDE(dividend, divided by another.
Operator DIVIDE
divisor) Equivalent to the `/`
operator. Learn more

Returns `TRUE` if two

speci ed values are equal
Operator EQ EQ(value1, value2) and `FALSE` otherwise.
Equivalent to the `=`
operator. Learn more

Returns `TRUE` if the rst

argument is strictly greater
than the second, and
Operator GT GT(value1, value2)
`FALSE` otherwise.
Equivalent to the `>`
operator. Learn more

Returns `TRUE` if the rst

argument is greater than
or equal to the second, and
Operator GTE GTE(value1, value2)
`FALSE` otherwise.
Equivalent to the `>=`
operator. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns `TRUE` if the rst

argument is strictly less
than the second, and
Operator LT LT(value1, value2)
`FALSE` otherwise.
Equivalent to the `<`
operator. Learn more

Returns `TRUE` if the rst

argument is less than or
equal to the second, and
Operator LTE LTE(value1, value2)
`FALSE` otherwise.
Equivalent to the `<=`
operator. Learn more

Returns the difference of

two numbers. Equivalent
Operator MINUS MINUS(value1, value2)
to the `-` operator. Learn
more

Returns the product of two

MULTIPLY(factor1,
Operator MULTIPLY numbers. Equivalent to the
factor2)
`*` operator. Learn more

Returns `TRUE` if two

speci ed values are not
equal and `FALSE`
Operator NE NE(value1, value2)
otherwise. Equivalent to
the `<>` operator. Learn
more

Returns a number raised to

Operator POW POW(base, exponent)
a power. Learn more

Returns a number with the

Operator UMINUS UMINUS(value) sign reversed. Learn more

Returns a value interpreted

UNARY_PERCENT(percent as a percentage; that is,
Operator UNARY_PERCENT
age) `UNARY_PERCENT(100)`
equals `1`. Learn more

Returns a speci ed
Operator UPLUS UPLUS(value) number, unchanged. Learn
more

Converts a numeric value

CONVERT(value,
Parser CONVERT to a different unit of
start_unit, end_unit)
measure. Learn more

Converts a provided
Parser TO_DATE TO_DATE(value) number to a date. Learn
more

Converts a provided
Parser TO_DOLLARS TO_DOLLARS(value) number to a dollar value.
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Converts a provided
Parser TO_PERCENT TO_PERCENT(value) number to a percentage.
Learn more

Converts a provided
date/time, percentage,
currency or other
Parser TO_PURE_NUMBER TO_PURE_NUMBER(value)
formatted numeric value
to a pure number without
formatting. Learn more

Converts a provided
Parser TO_TEXT TO_TEXT(value) numeric value to a text
value. Learn more

Calculates the average of

the magnitudes of
AVEDEV(value1,
Statistical AVEDEV deviations of data from a
[value2, ...])
dataset's mean. Learn
more

Returns the numerical

AVERAGE(value1, average value in a dataset,
Statistical AVERAGE
[value2, ...]) ignoring text. Learn more

Finds the weighted

AVERAGE.WEIGHTED(valu
average of a set of values,
es, weights,
Statistical AVERAGE.WEIGHTED given the values and the
[additional values],
corresponding weights.
[additional weights])
Learn more .

Returns the numerical

AVERAGEA(value1,
Statistical AVERAGEA average value in a dataset.
[value2, ...])
Learn more

AVERAGEIF(criteria_ra Returns the average of a

Statistical AVERAGEIF nge, criterion, range depending on
[average_range]) criteria. Learn more

AVERAGEIFS(average_ra
Returns the average of a
nge, criteria_range1,
range depending on
Statistical AVERAGEIFS criterion1,
multiple criteria. Learn
[criteria_range2,
more
criterion2, ...])

BETA.DIST(value,
Returns the probability of a
alpha, beta,
given value as de ned by
Statistical BETA.DIST cumulative,
the beta distribution
lower_bound,
function. Learn more .
upper_bound)

Returns the value of the

BETA.INV(probability,
inverse beta distribution
alpha, beta,
Statistical BETA.INV function for a given
lower_bound,
probability. Learn more.
upper_bound)
Type Name Syntax Description

BETADIST(value,
alpha, beta,
Statistical BETADIST See BETA.DIST .
lower_bound,
upper_bound)

BETAINV(probability,
alpha, beta,
Statistical BETAINV See BETA.INV
lower_bound,
upper_bound)

BINOM.DIST(num_succes
ses, num_trials,
Statistical BINOM.DIST See BINOMDIST
prob_success,
cumulative)

BINOM.INV(num_trials,
Statistical BINOM.INV prob_success, See CRITBINOM
target_prob)

Calculates the probability

of drawing a certain
number of successes (or a
maximum number of
BINOMDIST(num_success
successes) in a certain
es, num_trials,
Statistical BINOMDIST number of tries given a
prob_success,
population of a certain
cumulative)
size containing a certain
number of successes, with
replacement of draws.
Learn more

Calculates the right-tailed

CHIDIST(x, chi-squared distribution,
Statistical CHIDIST
degrees_freedom) often used in hypothesis
testing. Learn more

Calculates the inverse of

CHIINV(probability, the right-tailed chi-squared
Statistical CHIINV
degrees_freedom) distribution. Learn more

Calculates the left-tailed

CHISQ.DIST(x,
chi-squared distribution,
Statistical CHISQ.DIST degrees_freedom,
often used in hypothesis
cumulative)
testing. Learn more

Calculates the right-tailed

chi-squared distribution,
CHISQ.DIST.RT(x,
Statistical CHISQ.DIST.RT which is commonly used
degrees_freedom)
in hypothesis testing.
Learn more

Calculates the inverse of

CHISQ.INV(probability the left-tailed chi-squared
Statistical CHISQ.INV
, degrees_freedom) distribution. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the inverse of

CHISQ.INV.RT(probabil the right-tailed chi-squared
Statistical CHISQ.INV.RT
ity, degrees_freedom) distribution. Learn more

CHISQ.TEST(observed_r
Statistical CHISQ.TEST See CHITEST
ange, expected_range)

Returns the probability

associated with a
Pearson’s chi-squared test
on the two ranges of data.
CHITEST(observed_rang Determines the likelihood
Statistical CHITEST
e, expected_range) that the observed
categorical data is drawn
from an expected
distribution. Learn more

CONFIDENCE(alpha,
See CONFIDENCE.NORM
Statistical CONFIDENCE standard_deviation,
pop_size)

Calculates the width of

CONFIDENCE.NORM(alpha
half the con dence interval
Statistical CONFIDENCE.NORM , standard_deviation,
for a normal distribution.
pop_size)
Learn more .

Calculates the width of

CONFIDENCE.T(alpha, half the con dence interval
Statistical CONFIDENCE.T standard_deviation, for a Student’s t-
size) distribution. Learn more
.

Calculates r, the Pearson

CORREL(data_y, product-moment
Statistical CORREL
data_x) correlation coe cient of a
dataset. Learn more

Returns a count of the

COUNT(value1, number of numeric values
Statistical COUNT
[value2, ...]) in a dataset. Learn more

Returns a count of the

COUNTA(value1,
Statistical COUNTA number of values in a
[value2, ...])
dataset. Learn more

Calculates the covariance

Statistical COVAR COVAR(data_y, data_x) of a dataset. Learn more

COVARIANCE.P(data_y,
Statistical COVARIANCE.P See COVAR
data_x)
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the covariance

of a dataset, where the
COVARIANCE.S(data_y,
Statistical COVARIANCE.S dataset is a sample of the
data_x)
total population. Learn
more .

Calculates the smallest

value for which the
CRITBINOM(num_trials,
cumulative binomial
Statistical CRITBINOM prob_success,
distribution is greater than
target_prob)
or equal to a speci ed
criteria. Learn more

Calculates the sum of

squares of deviations
Statistical DEVSQ DEVSQ(value1, value2)
based on a sample. Learn
more

Returns the value of the

exponential distribution
EXPON.DIST(x, lambda,
Statistical EXPON.DIST function with a speci ed
cumulative)
lambda at a speci ed
value. Learn more .

EXPONDIST(x, lambda,
Statistical EXPONDIST See EXPON.DIST
cumulative)

Calculates the left-tailed F

probability distribution
(degree of diversity) for
F.DIST(x,
two data sets with given
degrees_freedom1,
Statistical F.DIST input x. Alternately called
degrees_freedom2,
Fisher-Snedecor
cumulative)
distribution or Snedecor's
F distribution. Learn more

Calculates the right-tailed

F probability distribution
(degree of diversity) for
F.DIST.RT(x, two data sets with given
Statistical F.DIST.RT degrees_freedom1, input x. Alternately called
degrees_freedom2) Fisher-Snedecor
distribution or Snedecor's
F distribution. Learn more

Calculates the inverse of

the left-tailed F probability
F.INV(probability, distribution. Also called
Statistical F.INV degrees_freedom1, the Fisher-Snedecor
degrees_freedom2) distribution or Snedecor’s
F distribution. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the inverse of

the right-tailed F
F.INV.RT(probability, probability distribution.
Statistical F.INV.RT degrees_freedom1, Also called the Fisher-
degrees_freedom2) Snedecor distribution or
Snedecor’s F distribution.
Learn more

F.TEST(range1,
Statistical F.TEST See FTEST.
range2)

FDIST(x,
Statistical FDIST degrees_freedom1, See F.DIST.RT .
degrees_freedom2)

FINV(probability,
Statistical FINV degrees_freedom1, See F.INV.RT
degrees_freedom2)

Returns the Fisher

transformation of a
Statistical FISHER FISHER(value)
speci ed value. Learn
more

Returns the inverse Fisher

transformation of a
Statistical FISHERINV FISHERINV(value)
speci ed value. Learn
more

Calculates the expected y-

value for a speci ed x
FORECAST(x, data_y,
Statistical FORECAST based on a linear
data_x)
regression of a dataset.
Learn more

FORECAST.LINEAR(x,
Statistical FORECAST.LINEAR See FORECAST
data_y, data_x)

Returns the probability

associated with an F-test
for equality of variances.
Determines whether two
Statistical FTEST FTEST(range1, range2)
samples are likely to have
come from populations
with the same variance.
Learn more

Returns the Gamma

function evaluated at the
Statistical GAMMA GAMMA(number)
speci ed value. Learn
more .

Calculates the gamma

distribution, a two-
GAMMA.DIST(x, alpha,
Statistical GAMMA.DIST parameter continuous
beta, cumulative)
probability distribution.
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

The GAMMA.INV function

returns the value of the
inverse gamma cumulative
GAMMA.INV(probability distribution function for
Statistical GAMMA.INV
, alpha, beta) the speci ed probability
and alpha and beta
parameters. Learn more
.

GAMMADIST(x, alpha,
Statistical GAMMADIST See GAMMA.DIST
beta, cumulative)

GAMMAINV(probability,
Statistical GAMMAINV See GAMMA.INV .
alpha, beta)

The GAUSS function

returns the probability that
a random variable, drawn
from a normal distribution,
Statistical GAUSS GAUSS(z)
will be between the mean
and z standard deviations
above (or below) the
mean. Learn more .

Calculates the geometric

GEOMEAN(value1,
Statistical GEOMEAN mean of a dataset. Learn
value2)
more

Calculates the harmonic

HARMEAN(value1,
Statistical HARMEAN mean of a dataset. Learn
value2)
more

HYPGEOM.DIST(num_succ
esses, num_draws,
Statistical HYPGEOM.DIST See HYPGEOMDIST
successes_in_pop,
pop_size)

Calculates the probability

of drawing a certain
number of successes in a
HYPGEOMDIST(num_succe certain number of tries
sses, num_draws, given a population of a
Statistical HYPGEOMDIST
successes_in_pop, certain size containing a
pop_size) certain number of
successes, without
replacement of draws.
Learn more

Calculates the y-value at

which the line resulting
INTERCEPT(data_y,
Statistical INTERCEPT from linear regression of a
data_x)
dataset will intersect the y-
axis (x=0). Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the kurtosis of

a dataset, which describes
Statistical KURT KURT(value1, value2) the shape, and in particular
the "peakedness" of that
dataset. Learn more

Returns the nth largest

element from a data set,
Statistical LARGE LARGE(data, n)
where n is user-de ned.
Learn more

Returns the value of the

inverse log-normal
cumulative distribution
LOGINV(x, mean,
Statistical LOGINV with given mean and
standard_deviation)
standard deviation at a
speci ed value. Learn
more

LOGNORM.DIST(x, mean,
Statistical LOGNORM.DIST See LOGNORMDIST
standard_deviation)

LOGNORM.INV(x, mean,
Statistical LOGNORM.INV See LOGINV
standard_deviation)

Returns the value of the

log-normal cumulative
LOGNORMDIST(x, mean, distribution with given
Statistical LOGNORMDIST
standard_deviation) mean and standard
deviation at a speci ed
value. Learn more

Returns the maximum

MAX(value1, [value2,
Statistical MAX value in a numeric dataset.
...])
Learn more

Returns the maximum

Statistical MAXA MAXA(value1, value2) numeric value in a dataset.
Learn more

MAXIFS(range,
Returns the maximum
criteria_range1,
value in a range of cells,
Statistical MAXIFS criterion1,
ltered by a set of criteria.
[criteria_range2,
Learn more.
criterion2], …)

Returns the median value

MEDIAN(value1,
Statistical MEDIAN in a numeric dataset.
[value2, ...])
Learn more

Returns the minimum

MIN(value1, [value2,
Statistical MIN value in a numeric dataset.
...])
Learn more

Returns the minimum

Statistical MINA MINA(value1, value2) numeric value in a dataset.
Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

MINIFS(range,
Returns the minimum
criteria_range1,
value in a range of cells,
Statistical MINIFS criterion1,
ltered by a set of criteria.
[criteria_range2,
Learn more.
criterion2], …)

Returns the most

MODE(value1, [value2, commonly occurring value
Statistical MODE
...]) in a dataset. Learn more

Returns the most

MODE.MULT(value1, commonly occurring
Statistical MODE.MULT
value2) values in a dataset. Learn
more .

MODE.SNGL(value1,
Statistical MODE.SNGL See MODE
[value2, ...])

NEGBINOM.DIST(num_fai
Statistical NEGBINOM.DIST lures, num_successes, See NEGBINOMDIST
prob_success)

Calculates the probability

of drawing a certain
number of failures before
NEGBINOMDIST(num_fail
a certain number of
Statistical NEGBINOMDIST ures, num_successes,
successes given a
prob_success)
probability of success in
independent trials. Learn
more

NORM.DIST(x, mean,
Statistical NORM.DIST standard_deviation, See NORMDIST
cumulative)

NORM.INV(x, mean,
Statistical NORM.INV See NORMINV
standard_deviation)

Statistical NORM.S.DIST NORM.S.DIST(x) See NORMSDIST

Statistical NORM.S.INV NORM.S.INV(x) See NORMSINV

Returns the value of the

normal distribution
NORMDIST(x, mean, function (or normal
Statistical NORMDIST standard_deviation, cumulative distribution
cumulative) function) for a speci ed
value, mean, and standard
deviation. Learn more

Returns the value of the

inverse normal distribution
NORMINV(x, mean,
Statistical NORMINV function for a speci ed
standard_deviation)
value, mean, and standard
deviation. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the value of the

standard normal
Statistical NORMSDIST NORMSDIST(x) cumulative distribution
function for a speci ed
value. Learn more

Returns the value of the

inverse standard normal
Statistical NORMSINV NORMSINV(x) distribution function for a
speci ed value. Learn
more

Calculates r, the Pearson

PEARSON(data_y, product-moment
Statistical PEARSON
data_x) correlation coe cient of a
dataset. Learn more

Returns the value at a

PERCENTILE(data,
Statistical PERCENTILE given percentile of a
percentile)
dataset. Learn more

Returns the value at a

PERCENTILE.EXC(data, given percentile of a
Statistical PERCENTILE.EXC
percentile) dataset, exclusive of 0 and
1. Learn more .

PERCENTILE.INC(data,
Statistical PERCENTILE.INC See PERCENTILE
percentile)

Returns the percentage

PERCENTRANK(data,
rank (percentile) of a
Statistical PERCENTRANK value,
speci ed value in a
[significant_digits])
dataset. Learn more

Returns the percentage

PERCENTRANK.EXC(data, rank (percentile) from 0 to
Statistical PERCENTRANK.EXC value, 1 exclusive of a speci ed
[significant_digits]) value in a dataset. Learn
more

Returns the percentage

PERCENTRANK.INC(data, rank (percentile) from 0 to
Statistical PERCENTRANK.INC value, 1 inclusive of a speci ed
[significant_digits]) value in a dataset. Learn
more

Returns the number of

permutations for selecting
PERMUTATIONA(number, a group of objects (with
Statistical PERMUTATIONA
number_chosen) replacement) from a total
number of objects. Learn
more .
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the number of

ways to choose some
number of objects from a
Statistical PERMUT PERMUT(n, k)
pool of a given size of
objects, considering order.
Learn more

The PHI function returns

the value of the normal
Statistical PHI PHI(x) distribution with mean 0
and standard deviation 1.
Learn more .

POISSON(x, mean,
Statistical POISSON See POISSON.DIST
cumulative)

Returns the value of the

Poisson distribution
function (or Poisson
POISSON.DIST(x, mean,
Statistical POISSON.DIST cumulative distribution
[cumulative])
function) for a speci ed
value and mean. Learn
more .

Given a set of values and

corresponding
PROB(data,
probabilities, calculates
probabilities,
Statistical PROB the probability that a value
low_limit,
chosen at random falls
[high_limit])
between two limits. Learn
more

Returns a value nearest to

QUARTILE(data,
Statistical QUARTILE a speci ed quartile of a
quartile_number)
dataset. Learn more

Returns value nearest to a

QUARTILE.EXC(data, given quartile of a dataset,
Statistical QUARTILE.EXC
quartile_number) exclusive of 0 and 4. Learn
more .

QUARTILE.INC(data,
Statistical QUARTILE.INC See QUARTILE
quartile_number)

Returns the rank of a

RANK(value, data,
Statistical RANK speci ed value in a
[is_ascending])
dataset. Learn more

Returns the rank of a

speci ed value in a
dataset. If there is more
RANK.AVG(value, data, than one entry of the same
Statistical RANK.AVG
[is_ascending]) value in the dataset, the
average rank of the entries
will be returned. Learn
more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the rank of a

speci ed value in a
dataset. If there is more
RANK.EQ(value, data, than one entry of the same
Statistical RANK.EQ
[is_ascending]) value in the dataset, the
top rank of the entries will
be returned. Learn more

Calculates the square of r,

the Pearson product-
Statistical RSQ RSQ(data_y, data_x) moment correlation
coe cient of a dataset.
Learn more

Calculates the skewness

of a dataset, which
Statistical SKEW SKEW(value1, value2) describes the symmetry of
that dataset about the
mean. Learn more

Calculates the skewness

SKEW.P(value1, of a dataset that
Statistical SKEW.P
value2) represents the entire
population. Learn more .

Calculates the slope of the

line resulting from linear
Statistical SLOPE SLOPE(data_y, data_x)
regression of a dataset.
Learn more

Returns the nth smallest

element from a data set,
Statistical SMALL SMALL(data, n)
where n is user-de ned.
Learn more

Calculates the normalized

equivalent of a random
STANDARDIZE(value,
variable given mean and
Statistical STANDARDIZE mean,
standard deviation of the
standard_deviation)
distribution. Learn more

Calculates the standard

STDEV(value1,
Statistical STDEV deviation based on a
[value2, ...])
sample. Learn more

STDEV.P(value1,
Statistical STDEV.P See STDEVP
[value2, ...])

STDEV.S(value1,
Statistical STDEV.S See STDEV
[value2, ...])

Calculates the standard

STDEVA(value1, deviation based on a
Statistical STDEVA
value2) sample, setting text to the
value `0`. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the standard

STDEVP(value1, deviation based on an
Statistical STDEVP
value2) entire population. Learn
more

Calculates the standard

deviation based on an
STDEVPA(value1,
Statistical STDEVPA entire population, setting
value2)
text to the value `0`. Learn
more

Calculates the standard

error of the predicted y-
Statistical STEYX STEYX(data_y, data_x) value for each x in the
regression of a dataset.
Learn more

T.DIST(x, Returns the right tailed

Statistical T.DIST degrees_freedom, Student distribution for a
cumulative) value x. Learn more .

Returns the two tailed

T.DIST.2T(x,
Statistical T.DIST.2T Student distribution for a
degrees_freedom)
value x. Learn more .

Returns the right tailed

T.DIST.RT(x,
Statistical T.DIST.RT Student distribution for a
degrees_freedom)
value x. Learn more .

Calculates the negative

T.INV(probability, inverse of the one-tailed
Statistical T.INV
degrees_freedom) TDIST function. Learn
more

Calculates the inverse of

T.INV.2T(probability,
Statistical T.INV.2T the two-tailed TDIST
degrees_freedom)
function. Learn more

Returns the probability

associated with Student's
t-test. Determines whether
T.TEST(range1, two samples are likely to
Statistical T.TEST
range2, tails, type) have come from the same
two underlying populations
that have the same mean.
Learn more .

Calculates the probability

TDIST(x,
for Student's t-distribution
Statistical TDIST degrees_freedom,
with a given input (x).
tails)
Learn more

TINV(probability,
Statistical TINV See T.INV.2T
degrees_freedom)
Type Name Syntax Description

Calculates the mean of a

dataset excluding some
TRIMMEAN(data,
Statistical TRIMMEAN proportion of data from
exclude_proportion)
the high and low ends of
the dataset. Learn more

TTEST(range1, range2,
Statistical TTEST See T.TEST .
tails, type)

Calculates the variance

VAR(value1, [value2,
Statistical VAR based on a sample. Learn
...])
more

VAR.P(value1,
Statistical VAR.P See VARP
[value2, ...])

VAR.S(value1,
Statistical VAR.S See VAR
[value2, ...])

Calculates an estimate of
variance based on a
Statistical VARA VARA(value1, value2)
sample, setting text to the
value `0`. Learn more

Calculates the variance

Statistical VARP VARP(value1, value2) based on an entire
population. Learn more

Calculates the variance

based on an entire
VARPA(value1,
Statistical VARPA population, setting text to
value2,...)
the value `0`. Learn more

Returns the value of the

Weibull distribution
function (or Weibull
WEIBULL(x, shape,
Statistical WEIBULL cumulative distribution
scale, cumulative)
function) for a speci ed
shape and scale. Learn
more

WEIBULL.DIST(x,
Statistical WEIBULL.DIST shape, scale, See WEIBULL
cumulative)

Returns the one-tailed P-

Z.TEST(data, value, value of a Z-test with
Statistical Z.TEST
[standard_deviation]) standard distribution.
Learn more .

ZTEST(data, value,
Statistical ZTEST See Z.TEST .
[standard_deviation])

Computes the value of a

Text ARABIC ARABIC(roman_numeral) Roman numeral. Learn
more
Type Name Syntax Description

Converts full-width ASCII

and katakana characters
to their half-width
Text ASC ASC(text) counterparts. All standard-
width characters will
remain unchanged. Learn
more.

Convert a number into a

character according to the
Text CHAR CHAR(table_number)
current Unicode table.
Learn more

Returns the text with the

non-printable ASCII
Text CLEAN CLEAN(text)
characters removed. Learn
more

Returns the numeric

Unicode map value of the
Text CODE CODE(string)
rst character in the string
provided. Learn more

CONCATENATE(string1, Appends strings to one

Text CONCATENATE
[string2, ...]) another. Learn more

Formats a number into the

DOLLAR(number,
Text DOLLAR locale-speci c currency
[number_of_places])
format. Learn more

Tests whether two strings

EXACT(string1,
Text EXACT are identical. Learn more
string2)

Returns the position at

FIND(search_for,
which a string is rst
Text FIND text_to_search,
found within text. Learn
[starting_at])
more

Returns the position at

FINDB(search_for, which a string is rst
Text FINDB text_to_search, found within text counting
[starting_at]) each double-character as
2. Learn more

FIXED(number, Formats a number with a

Text FIXED [number_of_places], xed number of decimal
[suppress_separator]) places. Learn more

Concatenates the
JOIN(delimiter,
elements of one or more
value_or_array1,
Text JOIN one-dimensional arrays
[value_or_array2,
using a speci ed delimiter.
...])
Learn more

Returns a substring from

LEFT(string,
the beginning of a
Text LEFT [number_of_characters
speci ed string. Learn
])
more
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the left portion of

LEFTB(string, a string up to a certain
Text LEFTB
num_of_bytes) number of bytes. Learn
more .

Returns the length of a

Text LEN LEN(text)
string. Learn more

Returns the length of a

Text LENB LENB(string) string in bytes." Learn
more .

Converts a speci ed string

Text LOWER LOWER(text) to lowercase. Learn more

MID(string,
Returns a segment of a
Text MID starting_at,
string. Learn more
extract_length)

Returns a section of a
string starting at a given
Text MIDB MIDB(string) character and up to a
speci ed number of
bytes. Learn more .

Capitalizes each word in a

PROPER(text_to_capita
Text PROPER speci ed string. Learn
lize)
more

Extracts matching
REGEXEXTRACT(text, substrings according to a
Text REGEXEXTRACT
regular_expression) regular expression. Learn
more

Whether a piece of text

REGEXMATCH(text,
Text REGEXMATCH matches a regular
regular_expression)
expression. Learn more

Replaces part of a text

REGEXREPLACE(text, string with a different text
Text REGEXREPLACE regular_expression, string using regular
replacement) expressions. Learn more

REPLACE(text, Replaces part of a text

Text REPLACE position, length, string with a different text
new_text) string. Learn more

Replaces part of a text

REPLACEB(text,
string, based on a number
Text REPLACEB position, num_bytes,
of bytes, with a different
new_text)
text string. Learn more .

REPT(text_to_repeat, Returns speci ed text

Text REPT number_of_repetitions repeated a number of
) times. Learn more
Type Name Syntax Description

RIGHT(string, Returns a substring from

Text RIGHT [number_of_characters the end of a speci ed
]) string. Learn more

Returns the right portion of

RIGHTB(string, a string up to a certain
Text RIGHTB
num_of_bytes) number of bytes. Learn
more .

Formats a number in
ROMAN(number,
Text ROMAN Roman numerals. Learn
[rule_relaxation])
more

Returns the position at

SEARCH(search_for,
which a string is rst
Text SEARCH text_to_search,
found within text. Learn
[starting_at])
more

Returns the position at

SEARCHB(search_for, which a string is rst
Text SEARCHB text_to_search, found within text counting
[starting_at]) each double-character as
2. Learn more

Divides text around a

SPLIT(text, speci ed character or
delimiter, string, and puts each
Text SPLIT
[split_by_each], fragment into a separate
[remove_empty_text]) cell in the row. Learn more

SUBSTITUTE(text_to_se
Replaces existing text with
arch, search_for,
Text SUBSTITUTE new text in a string. Learn
replace_with,
more
[occurrence_number])

Returns string arguments

Text T T(value)
as text. Learn more

Converts a number into

text according to a
Text TEXT TEXT(number, format)
speci ed format. Learn
more

Combines the text from

multiple strings and/or
TEXTJOIN(delimiter,
arrays, with a speci able
Text TEXTJOIN ignore_empty, text1,
delimiter separating the
[text2], …)
different texts. Learn
more.

Removes leading and

trailing spaces in a
Text TRIM TRIM(text)
speci ed string. Learn
more

Returns the Unicode

Text UNICHAR UNICHAR(number) character for a
number. Learn more .
Type Name Syntax Description

Returns the decimal

Unicode value of the rst
Text UNICODE UNICODE(text)
character of the text. Learn
more.

Converts a speci ed string

Text UPPER UPPER(text) to uppercase. Learn more

Converts a string in any of

the date, time or number
Text VALUE VALUE(text) formats that Google
Sheets understands into a
number. Learn more

Encodes a string of text for

Web ENCODEURL ENCODEURL(text) the purpose of using in a
URL query. Learn more .

HYPERLINK(url, Creates a hyperlink inside

Web HYPERLINK
[link_label]) a cell. Learn more

Imports data at a given url

in .csv (comma-separated
Web IMPORTDATA IMPORTDATA(url) value) or .tsv (tab-
separated value) format.
Learn more

IMPORTFEED(url,
Imports a RSS or ATOM
Web IMPORTFEED [query], [headers],
feed. Learn more
[num_items])

Imports data from a table

IMPORTHTML(url,
Web IMPORTHTML or list within an HTML
query, index)
page. Learn more

Imports a range of cells

IMPORTRANGE(spreadshe from a speci ed
Web IMPORTRANGE
et_url, range_string) spreadsheet. Learn more

Imports data from any of

various structured data
IMPORTXML(url, types including XML,
Web IMPORTXML
xpath_query) HTML, CSV, TSV, and RSS
and ATOM XML feeds.
Learn more

Checks whether a value is

Web ISURL ISURL(value)
a valid URL. Learn more

Tip: You can't use some functions from other spreadsheet programs. Learn more about unsupported functions in
Sheets.

This document contains modi ed content from Appendix B of the OpenO ce.org "Calc Guide," available at
https://wiki.openo ce.org/w/images/b/b3/0300CS3-CalcGuide.pdf. This content is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution License, version 2.0, available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode.