125

Division LANAO DEL NORTE

School Grade Level 10
Teacher Learning Area Science
Time & Dates Quarter 3RD

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content The learners demonstrate an understanding of the information stored
Standards in DNA as being used to make proteins
B. Performance
Standards
C. Learning The learners shall be able to explain how protein is made using
Competencies/ information from DNA (S10LT-IIId-37)
Objectives (Write
the code for each
LC)
1. construct a DNA strand
D. Specific Objective 2. discuss the steps in DNA replication
3. analyze the importance of nucleic acid in inheritance
E. Integration of English, Arts, Values
Content Within
And Across
Curriculum
II. CONTENT Heredity: Inheritance and Variation
A. Subject Matter DNA Replication
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pp. 196-199
Pages pp. 218
2. Learner’s pp. 268-271
Material Pages
3. Textbook Pages
4. Additional
Materials from
LR Portal
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qSrmeiWsuc
B. Other Learning https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p0qfkGMz_e0
Resources http://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/nucleic-acids

IV. PROCEDURES Teacher’s Activity/ies Learner’s Expected Response/s

A. Reviewing
Elicit (3 mins)
previous lesson or
Show a figure of the Unzipping of
presenting the new
a DNA Molecule.
lesson

Source:
https://biotech-dna.weebly.com/dna-
replication.htmlGuide
 126
1. We noticed that, as the molecule
unzips, the base pairs separate.
Questions: Each single strand of DNA then
1. What did you notice in the picks up bases present in the cell’s
illustration? cytoplasm. In this way, two complete
Molecules of DNA are created. Each
new DNA molecule has the same
order of base pairs as the original.

2. What do we call this 2. This process is called replication

process?
B. Establishing a Engage (6 mins)
purpose for the A video presentation about
lesson DNA Replication will be shown to
the students.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=5qSrmeiWsuc

Guide Questions:
(The students must answer in
complete sentences.)
1. Why does DNA replicate? 1. DNA replicates to produce a copy
of the genetic material that will be
C. Presenting transferred to new cells during
examples/ mitosis or to new gametes during
instances of the meiosis.
new lesson 2. Which nitrogen bases fit 2. Adenine and thymine fit together,
together to make base pairs? and guanine and cytosine fit
together.
3. When a DNA molecule unzips 3. Complementary bases attach to
to form two strands, what is the exposed bases on the strands so
added to each strand? What is that two complete molecules of DNA
produced? are produced.
4. How is the gene in the DNA 4. It is usually coded by a particular
coded? sequence of base triplet called
codons.
(5 mins)

1. TTA CGG TCA CCA

2. ACG TTG CAG ATC

Source: Science 10 Learner’s Material

D. Discussing new
concepts and Use the illustration to explain the
practicing new Central Dogma of the transfer of
skills #1 genetic information.

Exercise:
Give the complementary strand of
the following base sequences:
1. AAT GCC AGT GGT
2. TGC AAC GTC TAG
E. Discussing new Explore (25 mins)
concepts and The class will be divided into
practicing new groups with 8-10 members each.
skills #2 Each group will have its The groups will be performing the
subgroups to perform certain activity.
parts of the activity.
 127
Sample Subgroup Assignments:
Group1A. Cutting of Template
Group1B. Coloring the template
Group1C. Arrangement/Making of
the model strand of a DNA
molecule
Group1D. Reporting

1. Compare the two new strands 1. The two new daughter strands are
of DNA. Are they the same or complementary to each other.
different? Why? 2. The nucleotides in DNA pair are
2. How do the nucleotides in DNA held together by hydrogen bond
pair? between the bases.
3. How do you compare a DNA 3. The pairing of the bases produces
molecule to a zipper? a long, two-stranded molecule that is
4. How is information from the often compared to a zipper. The
DNA passed on from one cell to sides of the zipper represent the
another? sugar and phosphate units, while the
5. How does the structure of a teeth of the zipper represent the
DNA molecule help account for pairs of nitrogenous bases of the
the great variety of life that exists DNA.
on earth? 4. Before a cell can divide by mitosis
or meiosis, it must first make a copy
of its chromosomes.
Q8. The variety of life forms is
encoded in the DNA sequences of
See attached Worksheet and organisms. More variations are
Template. alternative forms of genes cross-
over and recombine in meiosis.
Production of different gametes
containing different sets of these
genes and subsequent fusion with
other gametes result to a myriad of
variations in the population.
Explain (5 mins)
The students will share their ideas
on the replication process.

F. Developing
mastery
Source: Science 10 Learner’s Material

Assess the learners’

understanding by reviewing the
steps of the replication process
through the illustration.
G. Finding practical Elaborate (5 mins)
applications of Show a photo of the methods of
concepts and skills replication. DNA Replication is known as Semi-
in daily living Conservative Replication because
one of the old strands is conserved
in each molecule.

Source:
 128
https://biotechgist.com/2018/06/23/dna-
replication/

What type of replication is the

DNA Replication?

Source:
https://www.eduhk.hk/biotech/eng/classrm/clas
s_gene2.html

(5 mins) Nucleic acids are the repository of

Video Presentation on the the genetic information responsible
H. Making Importance of Nucleic Acid. for the transmission of inherited
generalization and https://www.youtube.com/watch? characteristics from parents to
abstractions about v=p0qfkGMz_e0 children. They are responsible for
the lesson the correct assembly of amino acids
Why is nucleic acid important in in defined sequence…
inheritance?
I. Evaluating learning Evaluation (5 mins)
5-item test
1. What is the process by which 1. a
DNA copies itself? 2. d
a. Transcription c. Translation 3. a
b. Replication d. Reproduction 4. b
2. It is an enzyme that breaks the 5.c
bond between nitrogenous bases.
a. Helicase c. DNA Polymerase
b. RNA Polymerase d. Lygase
3. The base sequence of a DNA
strand is TAC TAG AGC ATT. If
replicated, which of the following
is the complementary strand that
will be produced?
a. ATG ATC TCG TAA
b. AUG AUC AGC AUU
c. AAG TTC TCG TAA
d. UAG UAC ACG AUU
4. How do the nucleotides in DNA
pair?
a. The nucleotides in DNA pair
are held together by hydrogen
bond. Adenine pairs with Guanine
and Cytosine pairs with Thymine.
b. The nucleotides in DNA pair
are held together through double
bond. Adenine pairs with Guanine
and Cytosine pairs with Thymine.
c. The nucleotides in DNA pair
are held together through double
bond. Adenine pairs with Cytosine
and Guanine pairs with Thymine.
d. The nucleotides in DNA pair
are held together by hydrogen
bond. Adenine pairs with Thymine
and Cytosine pairs with Guanine.
 129
5. Why is the DNA Replication
also known as Semi-Conservative
Replication?
a. Because one of the old strands
is conserved in each new
molecule
b. Because the two strands are
conserved in each molecule
c. Because none of the old
strands is conserved in each new
molecule
d. Both b and c
J. Additional activities Extend (1 min)
for application or Read about the role of RNA in
remediation making proteins in the cell.

V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION

A. No. of learners
who earned 80%
on the formative
assessment
B. No. of learners who
require additional
activities for
remediation

C. Did the remedial

lessons work? No.
of learners who
have caught up
with the lesson.
D. No. of learners
who continue to
require
remediation
E. Which of my
teaching strategies
worked well? Why
did these work?
F. What difficulties did
I encounter which
my principal or
supervisor can
help me solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials
did I use / discover
which I wish to
share with other
teachers?
 130
Name: ________________________ Grade & Section/ Group: __________ Date: _______

Activity 2: DNA Makes DNA

Objective: Make a model of a DNA Template to determine the sequence of bases in the new DNA
Strand

Materials: DNA components pattern, Crayons, Scissors, Glue/Tape, Long Size Bond paper

Procedure:
1. Use the patterns of the provided DNA components. Color code phosphate = BLUE, deoxyribose
sugar = GREEN and nitrogenous bases as follows: ADENINE = YELLOW, THYMINE = PINK,
GUANINE = VIOLET and CYTOSINE = RED.
2. Cut out the shapes of each nucleotide.
3. Build a model of a strand of a DNA molecule. The strand should contain 6 base “rungs” following
the given order of the nucleotides below.
Guanine
Adenine
Cytosine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
4. Tape the cut out pattern to form the nucleotides. Let this arrangement represent the left half of
your DNA molecule.
5. Make a complementary strand for the first strand that you made in step 3.
6. Tape the cut-out pattern forming nucleotides for the second strand of the DNA molecule.
7. Match the bases of the first strand and the second strand. Do not tape across bases.
8. Once you have made your DNA model, separate the two strands of the DNA model down the
middle so that there are now two single strands of DNA.
9. Create new double-stranded DNA by matching complementary nucleotides to the bases on each
single strand.
10. Tape and then cut out the pattern forming the nucleotides for each of the single nucleotides.
11. When you are finished, mount the original DNA model and the DNA model with its
complementary strand in the illustration board or folder.

Guide Questions:
1. Compare the two new strands of DNA. Are they the same or different? Why?

2. How do the nucleotides in DNA pair?

3. How do you compare a DNA molecule to a zipper?

4. How is information from the DNA passed on from one cell to another?

5. How does the structure of a DNA molecule help account for the great variety of life that exists on
earth?
 131
Conclusion: Write a summary of the structure of DNA that (at least) includes the terms: base,
sugar, phosphate, nucleotide, (base) pair, and helix.

Point System:
3pts – The idea is well-expressed and organized.
2pts – The idea is expressed but not organized.
1pt – The answer needs to be improved.
132