2005 Edition of ASCE 7

Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures

Includes Supplement No. 1

Errata

This document containing the errata to ASCE 7-05 is periodically updated and posted on
the SEI website at www.SEInstitute.org The errata are organized by date in descending
order (most recent to furthest past) hence regular users of this document need only review
the errata posted since their previous use. This document will be continuously updated as
additional errata are identified.

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Most recent errata posting: May 3, 2007
Third errata posting: October 3, 2006
Second errata posting: September 15, 2006
First errata posting: January 6, 2006

Errata Posted on May 3, 2007

Chapter 6, Section 6.2, page 22:

Revise definition of Mean Roof Height as shown below:

MEAN ROOF HEIGHT, h: The average of the roof eave height and the height to the highest
point on the roof surface, except that, for roof angles of less than or equal to 10°, the mean roof
height shall be the roof eave heave height.

Chapter 6, Equation 6-13, page 27:

Revise the equation for Rl as follows:

Rℓ = RB setting η = 4.6n1 E B/ Vz
(remove the symbol “E” – it was included by mistake)

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 Chapter 6, Figure 6-18D, page 69 – two changes:

Change the title of Figure 6-18D from “Troughed Free Roofs” to “Free Roofs” as it applies to
monosloped, pitched and troughed free roofs. Also, in the title block change “ λ = 0°, 180° ” to
read “ γ = 90° .”

Revise Note 6 as shown below:

6. Notation:
L : horizontal dimension of roof, measured in the along wind direction, ft. (m)
h : mean roof height, ft. (m). See Figures 6-18A, B or C for a graphical depiction of this dimension.
γ : direction of wind, degrees
θ : angle of plane of roof from horizontal, degrees

Chapter 6, Figure 6-19A, page 70:

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Revise the illustration in the upper left-hand corner to correctly identify the
location of the zones. Correct illustration is provided below:

3
2
1
2
3

Chapter 6, Figure 6-19B, page 71:

Change the title of Figure 6-19B from “Monoslope Free Roofs” to “Pitched Free Roofs.”

Chapter 6, Figures 6-19B and 6-19C, pages 71 and 72:

Dimension "a" for Figures 6-19B and 6-19C is as shown in Figure 6-19A. Please also see Note 6
below.

Chapter 6, Figure 6-21, page 74:

The value of Cf for h/D=25 and Round (D√qz >2.5), Very rough (D'/D = 0.08) is 1.2, not 0.2 as
shown.

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 Chapter 6, Figure 6-23, page 76:

Revise Note 6 as follows:

6. Loads due to ice accretion as described in Chapter 10 Section 11 shall be accounted for.

Chapter 7, page 81:

Revise Section 7.1 as by removing the definition for “L”:

7.1 SYMBOLS AND NOTATION

L = roof length parallel to the ridge line, in ft (m)

Chapter 7, Figure 7-2b, page 86:

The dashed line for “Unobstructed Slippery Surfaces”, Ct = 1.1 should begin at 10° degrees, not at
15° as presently drawn.

Chapter 7, Figure 7-4, page 88:

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Add a support symbol ▲, between second and third support symbol in Case 1, similar as shown in
Case 2 and Case 3.

Chapter 7, Figure 7-5, page 89:

For the middle loading diagram, change the title to “Unbalanced W ≤ 20 ft with roof rafter
system”

(The “less than” symbol should be a “less than or equal to” symbol”)

Chapter 7, Table 7.2, page 92:

Revise Table 7.2 heading as shown below – “Exposure of roofa” applies to all
three columns:

Exposure of Roofa

Terrain Category Exposure of Roofa

Fully Exposed Sheltered
Partially Exposed

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 Chapter 12, Table 12.2-1, pages 120-122:

Revise Table 12.2-1 as shown below:

TABLE 12.2-1 DESIGN COEFFICIENTS AND FACTORS FOR SEISMIC FORCE–RESISTING SYSTEMS
Seismic Force–Resisting ASCE 7 Section Response System Deflection Structural System Limitations and
System where Detailing Modification Overstrength Amplification Building Height (ft) Limitc
Requirements Coefficient, Factor, Ω0 g
Factor, Cd b
Seismic Design Category
are Specified Ra B C Dd Ed Fe
A. BEARING WALL
SYSTEMS
1. Special reinforced 14.2 and 14.2.3.6 5 2½ 5 NL NL 160 160 100
concrete shear
walls
2. Ordinary reinforced 14.2 and 14.2.3.4 4 2½ 4 NL NL NP NP NP
concrete shear
walls
3. Detailed plain 14.2 and 14.2.3.2 2 2½ 2 NL NP NP NP NP
concrete shear
walls

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4. Ordinary plain 14.2 and 14.2.3.1 1½ 2½ 1½ NL NP NP NP NP
concrete shear
walls
5. Intermediate precast 14.2 and 14.2.3.5 4 2½ 4 NL NL 40k 40k 40k
shear walls
6. Ordinary precast 14.2 and 14.2.3.3 3 2½ 3 NL NP NP NP NP
shear walls
7. Special reinforced 14.4 and 14.4.3 5 2½ 3½ NL NL 160 160 100
masonry shear
walls
8. Intermediate 14.4 and 14.4.3 3½ 2½ 2¼ NL NL NP NP NP
reinforced masonry
shear walls
Systems 9 thru 12 omitted for brevity.
13. Light-framed walls 14.1, 14.1.4.2, 6½ 3 4 NL NL 65 65 65
sheathed with and 14.5
wood structural
panels rated for
shear resistance or
steel sheets
14. Light-framed walls 14.1, 14.1.4.2, 2 2½ 2 NL NL 35 NP NP
with shear panels and 14.5
of all other
materials
15. Light-framed wall 14.1, 14.1.4.2, 4 2 3½ NL NL 65 65 65
systems using flat and 14.5
strap bracing
B. BUILDING FRAME
SYSTEMS
Systems 1 thru 4 omitted for brevity.
5. Special reinforced 14.2 and 14.2.3.6 6 2½ 5 NL NL 160 160 100
concrete shear
walls
6. Ordinary reinforced 14.2 and 14.2.3.4 5 2½ 4½ NL NL NP NP NP
concrete shear
walls
7. Detailed plain 14.2 and 14.2.3.2 2 2½ 2 NL NP NP NP NP
concrete shear
walls
8. Ordinary plain 14.2 and 14.2.3.1 1½ 2½ 1½ NL NP NP NP NP
concrete shear
walls
9. Intermediate precast 14.2 and 14.2.3.5 5 2½ 4½ NL NL 40k 40k 40k
shear walls
10. Ordinary precast 14.2 and 14.2.3.3 4 2½ 4 NL NP NP NP NP
shear walls
Systems 11 thru 22 omitted for brevity.

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 23. Light-framed walls 14.1, 14.1.4.2, 7 2½ 4½ NL NL 65 65 65
sheathed with and 14.5
wood structural
panels rated for
shear resistance or
steel sheets
24. Light-framed walls 14.1, 14.1.4.2, 2½ 2½ 2½ NL NL 35 NP NP
with shear panels and 14.5
of all other
materials
Systems 25 thru 27 omitted for brevity.
Only Notes with errata are shown below.
b
Reflection Deflection amplification factor, Cd, for use in Sections 12.8.6, 12.8.7, and 12.9.2
g
The tabulated value of the overstrength factor, Ω0, is permitted to be reduced by subtracting one-half for structures with flexible diaphragms, but shall
not be taken as less than 2.0 for any structure except cantilever column systems.
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Chapter 12, page 123:

Revise Section 12.2.5.5 as shown below:

12.2.5.5 Special Moment Frames in Structures Assigned to Seismic Design Categories D

through F. For structures assigned to Seismic Design Categories D, E, or F, a special moment
frame that is used but not required by Table 12.1-1 12.2-1 shall not be discontinued and supported
by a more rigid system with a lower response modification coefficient, R, unless the requirements
of Sections 12.3.3.2 and 12.3.3.4 are met. Where a special moment frame is required by Table
12.1-1 12.2-1, the frame shall be continuous to the foundation.

Chapter 12, page 127:

Revise Section 12.4.3.2 as shown below:

12.4.3.2 Load Combinations with Overstrength Factor. Where the seismic load effect with
overstrength, Em, defined in Section 12.4.3 is combined with the effects of other loads as set forth
in Chapter 2, the following seismic load combination for structures not subject to flood or
atmospheric ice loads shall be shall be used in lieu of the seismic load combinations in either
Section 2.3.2 or 2.4.1:

Chapter 12, page 135:

Revise Section 12.13.6.5 as shown below:

12.13.6.5 Pile Anchorage Requirements. In addition to the requirements of Section 12.3.5.3

12.13.5.3, anchorage of piles shall comply with this section. Design of anchorage of piles into the
pile cap shall consider the combined effect of axial forces due to uplift and bending moments due
to fixity to the pile cap. For piles required to resist uplift forces or provide rotational restraint,
anchorage into the pile cap shall be capable of developing the following:

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 Chapter 12, page 133:

Revise Section 12.10.2.1 as shown below:

12.10.2.1 Collector Elements Requiring Load Combinations with Overstrength Factor for
Seismic Design Categories C through F. In structures assigned to Seismic Design Category C,
D, E, or F, collector elements (see Fig. 12.10-1), splices, and their connections to resisting
elements shall resist the load combinations with overstrength factor of Section 12.4.3.2.

EXCEPTION: In structures or portions thereof braced entirely by light-frame shear

walls, collector elements, splices, and connections to resisting elements need only be
designed to resist forces in accordance with Section 12.10.1.1.

Chapter 12 – Section 12.14.1.1, page 137:

Revise item 8 as follows – also see errata posting on January 6, 2007 below:

8. For buildings with a diaphragm that is not flexible, the distance between the center of rigidity
and the center of mass parallel to each major axis shall not exceed 15 percent of the greatest
width of the diaphragm parallel to that axis. In addition, the following two equations shall be

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satisfied for each major axis direction:

m n
e1 2 m
∑ k1i d12i + ∑ k 2 j d 22 j ≥ 2.5(0.05 +
i =1 j =1 b1
)b1 ∑ k1i
i =1
(Eq. 12.14-2A)

m n
e2 2 m
∑k
i =1
1i d12i + ∑ k 2 j d 22 j ≥ 2.5(0.05 +
j =1 b2
)b2 ∑ k1 j
j =1
(Eq. 12.14-2B)

(Note: the subscripts on “d” in both equations and for the third summation in 12.14-2B were
incorrect in the January 6th errata posting.)

Chapter 13, Sections 13.1.1 and 13.1.5, page 143:

Revise sections as follows:

13.1.1 Scope. This chapter establishes minimum design criteria for nonstructural components
that are permanently attached to structures and for their supports and attachments. Where
the weight of a nonstructural component is greater than or equal to 25 percent of the
effective seismic weight, W, of the structure as defined in Section 12.7.2, the component
shall be classified as a nonbuilding structure and shall be designed in accordance with
Section 15.3.2.

13.1.5 Application Applicability of Nonstructural Component Requirements to

Nonbuilding Structures. Where the weight of a nonstructural component is greater than
or equal to 25 percent of the effective seismic weight, W, defined in Section 12.7.2, the
component shall be classified as a nonbuilding structure and shall be designed in
accordance with Section 15.3.2.
Nonbuilding structures (including storage racks and tanks) that are supported by other

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 structures shall be designed in accordance with Chapter 15. Where Section 15.3 requires
that seismic forces be determined in accordance with Chapter 13 and values for Rp are not
provided in Table 13.5-1 or 13.6-1, Rp shall be taken as equal to the value of R listed in
Section 15. The value of ap shall be determined in accordance with footnote a of Table
13.5-1 or 13.6-1.

Chapter 13, Section 13.1.4, page 143:

Revise Exception 5 as shown below – also see errata posted on September 15,
2006 below:

5. Mechanical and electrical components in Seismic Design Categories D, E, and or F

where the component importance factor, Ip, is equal to 1.0 and both of the following
conditions apply:

a. Flexible connections between the components and associated ductwork, piping,

and conduit are provided, and
b. The components weigh 20 lb (89 N) or less or, for distribution systems,
weighing 5 lb/ft (73 N/m) or less.

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Chapter 13, Section 13.5.6.2.2, page 147:

Revise items d and e as follows:

d. For ceiling areas exceeding 2,500 ft2 (232 m2), a seismic separation joint or full height
partition that breaks the ceiling up into areas not exceeding 2,500 ft2 shall be provided unless
structural analyses are performed of the ceiling bracing system for the prescribed seismic
forces that demonstrate ceiling system penetrations and closure angles provide sufficient
clearance to accommodate the anticipated lateral displacement. Each area shall be provided
with closure angles in accordance with item 2 item b and horizontal restraints or bracing in
accordance with item 3 item c.

e. Except where rigid braces are used to limit lateral deflections, sprinkler heads and other
similar type penetrations that do not behave integrally with the ceiling system in the lateral
direction shall have a 2 in. (50 mm) oversize ring, sleeve, or adapter through the ceiling tile to
allow for free movement of at least 1 in. (25 mm) in all horizontal directions. Alternatively, a
swing joint that can accommodate 1 in. (25 mm) of ceiling movement in all horizontal
directions is permitted to be provided at the top of the sprinkler head extension.

Chapter 14, Section 14.1.4.1, page 153:

Revise Section 14.1.4.1 as shown below:

14.1.4.1 Light-Framed Cold-Formed Steel Construction. Lightframed cold-formed steel

construction shall be designed in accordance with AISI NAS and AISI PM, AISI GP, AISI WSD,
AISI Lateral, or ASCE 8.

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 Chapter 14, page 158:

Revise Section 14.3.1 as shown below:

14.3.1 Reference Documents. The design, construction, and quality of composite steel and
concrete components that resist seismic forces shall conform to the applicable requirements of
1. ACI 318 excluding Chapter 22
2. AISC LRFD AISC 360
3. AISC Seismic AISC 341

Chapter 15, Table 15.4-2, page 163:

Revise Table 15.4.2 as shown below:

TABLE 15.4-2 SEISMIC COEFFICIENTS FOR NONBUILDING STRUCTURES NOT SIMILAR TO BUILDINGS
Structural System And Height Limits
(ft.)a,d
Nonbuilding Structure Type Detailing Requirementsc R Ω0 Cd A&B C D E F
Elevated tanks, vessels, bins, or hoppers:
On symmetrically braced legs (not similar to 15.7.10 3 2b 2.5 NL NL 160 100 100
buildings)
On unbraced legs or asymmetrically braced 15.7.10 2 2b 2.5 NL NL 100 60 60
legs (not similar buildings)
Single pedestal or skirt supported
- welded steel 15.7.10 2 2b 2 NL NL NL NL NL
- welded steel with special detailing 15.7.10 and 15.7.10.5 a 3 2b 2 NL NL NL NL NL
and b.
- prestressed or reinforced concrete 15.7.10 2 2b 2 NL NL NL NL NL
- prestressed or reinforced concrete with 15.7.10 and 14.2.3.6 ACI 3 2b 2 NL NL NL NL NL
special detailing 318, Chapter 21 Sections
21.2 and 21.7

Chapter C6, page 291:

Revise Eq. C6-8 as shown below:

K zd
∆K = ( K 33,u − K 33,d ) F∆K ( x ) (C6-8)
K 33,d

∆K ≤ K zu − K zd (The “=” is replaced by “≤”)

Chapter C6, page 292:

Revise Eq. C6-10 as shown below:

− ( K 33 , d − K 33 , u ) 2 − 2.3
x0 = c3 × 10 (The constant c3 needs to be added) (C6-10)

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 Chapter C7, page 332:

Revise References as shown below:

[Ref. C7-43] Tobiasson, W. (Apr. 1999). “Discussion of Ref. C7-5642 C7-42. J. Struct. Engrg.
(ASCE), 125(4), 470–471.

[Ref. C7-55] Isyumou Isyumov, N., and Mikitiuk, M. (June 1992). “Wind tunnel modeling of
snow accumulation on large roofs.” In Proc. 2nd International Conf. Snow Engrg. Santa Barbara,
CA.

Chapter C8, page 337:

Revise Section C8.3, (C8-1) as shown below:

The flow rate through a single drainage system is as follows:

Q = 0.0104Ai Q = 0.0104 A i (C8-1)

(in SI: Q = 0.278 × 10-6 Ai) (in SI: Q = 0.278 × 10-6 A i)

(The symbol “i” is rainfall intensity, not a subscript to “A”)

Chapter C8, page 338:

Revise Section C8.3, Example 1, (C8-1) as shown below:

Flow rate, Q, for the secondary drainage 4 in. diameter (102 mm) roof drain:
Q = 0.0104Ai Q = 0.0104 A i (C8-1)
3
Q = 0.0104 (2500)(3.75) = 97.5 gal/min (0.0062 m /s)

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Chapter C8, page 338:

Revise Section C8.3, Example 2, (C8-1) as shown below:

Flow rate, Q, for the secondary drainage, 12 in. (305 mm) wide channel scupper:
Q = 0.0104 Ai Q = 0.0104 A i (C8-1)
3
Q = 0.0104(11,500)(1.5) = 179 gal/min (0.0113 m /s)

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 Errata Posted on October 3, 2006

Chapter 12, page 129:

Revise Section 12.8.2 as shown below:

12.8.2 Period Determination. The fundamental period of the structure, T, in the

direction under consideration shall be established using the structural properties and
deformational characteristics of the resisting elements in a properly substantiated
analysis. The fundamental period, T, shall not exceed the product of the coefficient for
upper limit on calculated period (Cu) from Table 12.8-1 and the approximate fundamental
period, Ta, determined from Eq. 12.8-7. in accordance with Section 12.8.2.1. As an
alternative to performing an analysis to determine the fundamental period, T, it is
permitted to use the approximate building period, Ta, calculated in accordance with
Section 12.8.2.1, directly.

Chapter 14, page 156:

Revise Section 14.2.2.7 as shown below:

14.2.2.17 General Requirements for Anchoring to Concrete. Modify Section D.3.3 by

deleting Sections D.3.2 D.3.3.2 through D.3.3.5.2 and replace with the following:
(remainder of Section is unchanged).

Chapter 15, Table 15.4-2, page 163:

Revise Table 15.4-2 as shown below:

Tanks or vessels supported Use values for the appropriate structure type in the
on structural towers similar 15.5.5 categories for building frame systems and moment resisting
to buildings frame systems listed in Table 12.2-1 or Table 15.4-1.

Chapter 15, page 166-167:

Revise Items 1 and 2 of Part c of Section 15.7.2 as shown below by removing

the Importance Factor:

c. Vertical earthquake forces shall be considered in accordance with the

applicable reference document. If the reference document permits the user
the option of including or excluding the vertical earthquake force, to
comply with this standard, it shall be included. For tanks and vessels not
covered by a reference document, the forces due to the vertical
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 acceleration shall be defined as follows:
(1) Hydrodynamic vertical and lateral forces in tank walls: The
increase in hydrostatic pressures due to the vertical excitation of
the contained liquid shall correspond to an effective increase in
unit weight, γL, of the stored liquid equal to 0.2SDS IγL. 0.2SDS γL.
(2) Hydrodynamic hoop forces in cylindrical tank walls: In a
cylindrical tank wall, the hoop force per unit height, Nh, at height y
from the base, associated with the vertical excitation of the
contained liquid, shall be computed in accordance with Eq. 15.7-1.
⎛D ⎞
N h = 0.2S DS γ L ( H L − y ) ⎜ i ⎟ (15.7-1)
⎝ 2 ⎠
where
Di = inside tank diameter
HL = liquid height inside the tank
y = distance from base of the tank to height being investigated
γL = unit weight of stored liquid
(3) Vertical inertia forces in cylindrical and rectangular tank walls:
Vertical inertia forces associated with the vertical acceleration of
the structure itself shall be taken equal to 0.2SDS IW. 0.2SDS W.

Chapter 23, page 237:

Revise the citation of AWWA D100 as shown below:

--`,`,,```,```,,,`,,````````,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
AWWA D100
Sections 15.4.1, 15.7.7.1, 15.7.9.4, 15.7.10.6, 15.7.10.6.2
Welded Steel Tanks for Water Storage, 2005 2006

Revise the citation of ICC-ES AC 156-04 as shown below:

*ICC-ES AC 156-04
Section 13.2.5
Acceptance Criteria for Seismic Qualification Testing of Nonstructural Components, 2000
Seismic Qualification by Shake-table Testing of Nonstructural Components and Systems, 2004

Revise the citation of NFPA 59A as shown below:

NFPA 59A
Section 15.4.8
Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), 2005 2006

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 Chapter C22, page 383: Revise as shown below:

C22 SEISMIC GROUND MOTION MAPS

The 2005 edition of ASCE 7 continues to utilize spectral response seismic design maps that reflect
seismic hazards on the basis of contours. These maps were developed by the United States
Geological Survey (USGS) and were updated for the 2005 edition. The USGS has also developed
is developing a companion software program that calculates spectral values for a specific site
based on a site’s longitude, latitude, and site soil classification. The calculated values are based on
the data used to prepare the maps in Section 22.0. The spectral values may be adjusted for Site
Class effects using the Site Classifications Procedure in Section 20.0 and the site coefficients in
Section 11.4. Longitude and latitude for a given address can be found at a variety of Web sites.
The software program should be used for establishing spectral values for design because the maps
found in ASCE 7 and at Web sites are at too large a scale to provide accurate spectral values for
most sites. Upon its completion, the The software program will be included is available on the
CD-ROM version of ASCE 7-05, and it may also be accessed at the USGS Web site at
eqhazmaps.usgs.gov, or through the SEI Web site at www.seinstitute.org Upon its completion, the
availability of the software program will be widely advertised however, as of this writing, it is
unknown when the program will be available.

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 Errata Posted on September 15, 2006
Chapter 6 – page 27:

In the second equation for Rl on the right hand side of the equation for etta the
“E” should not be in the equation as shown below:

As printed: Rl = RB setting η = 4.6n1EB/ V z

Correct equation: Rl = RB setting η = 4.6n1B/ V z

Chapter 12:

Table 12.2-1: Design Coefficients and Factors for Seismic Force-Resisting Systems

Structural System Limitations and

Response Building Height (ft) Limitc
ASCE 7 Section where System Deflection
Modification
Seismic Force Resisting System Detailing Requirements Overstrength Amplification
Coefficient, Seismic Design Category
are Specified Factor, ΩOg Factor, Cdb
Ra
d d e
B C D E F

Composite Ordinary steel and

B11
concrete eccentrically braced 14.3 8 2 4 NL NL 160 160 100
Printed
frames

Composite Ordinary steel and

B11
concrete eccentrically braced 14.3 8 2½ 4 NL NL 160 160 100
Corrected
frames

C3 Intermediate Steel Moment 12.2.5.6, 12.2.5.7, 12.2.5.8,

4.5 3 4 NL NL 35h, i NPh NPi
Printed Frames 12.2.5.9, and 14.1

C3
Intermediate Steel Moment 12.2.5.6, 12.2.5.7, 12.2.5.8,
Corrected 4.5 3 4 NL NL 35h NPh NPi
Frames 12.2.5.9, and 14.1
In Red

G2 Intermediate steel moment

14.1 1½ 1¼ 1½ 35 35 35h NPh, i NPh, i
Printed frames

G2
Intermediate steel moment
Corrected 14.1 1½ 1¼ 1½ 35 35 35h NP h NP i
frames
In Red

G3
Ordinary steel moment frames 14.1 1¼ 1¼ 1¼ 35 35 NP NPh, i NPh, i
Printed

G3
Corrected Ordinary steel moment frames 14.1 1¼ 1¼ 1¼ 35 35 NPh NPh NPi
In Red

System B11 – ΩO is 2½ not 2; The change in BLUE reflects an error in the original posting of this errata –
not an error in the printed document. Our apologies.
System C3 – remove footnote i for SDC D;
System G2 – remove footnote i for SDC E and remove footnote h for SDC F;
System G3 – add footnote h for SDC D, remove footnote i for SDC E and remove footnote h for SDC F.
--`,`,,```,```,,,`,,````````,

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 Section 12.4.2.3 – page 127, Basic Combinations for Allowable Stress Design (See
Section 2.4.1 and 2.2 for notation).

6. (1.0 + 0.105DS) D + H + F + 0.525 ρ QE + 0.75 L + 0.75 (Lr or S or R)

6. (1.0 + 0.105 SDS) D + H + F + 0.525 ρ QE + 0.75 L + 0.75 (Lr or S or R)

(The S is missing in the first set of parentheses.)

Table 12.6-1 – page 128:

D, E, F
Irregular structures with T < 3.5 Ts and P P P
having only horizontal irregularities
type 2, 3, 4, or 5 of Table 12.2-1 12.3-1
or vertical irregularities type 4, 5a or
5b of Table 12.3-1 12.3-2

Chapter 13:

Section 13.1.4, page 143:

Modify Exceptions 4 and 5 as shown below:

4. Mechanical and electrical components in Seismic Design Categories D, E, or and F where the
component importance factor, Ip, is equal to 1.0 and either both of the following conditions apply:

a. flexible connections between the components and associated ductwork, piping, and conduit
are provided, or and
b. components are mounted at 4 ft (1.22 m) or less above a floor level and weigh 400 lb (1780
N) or less.

5. Mechanical and electrical components in Seismic Design Categories D, E, and F where the
component importance factor, Ip, is equal to 1.0 and both of the following conditions apply:

--`,`,,```,```,,,`,,````````,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
a. Flexible connections between the components and associated ductwork, piping, and
conduit are provided, and
b. The components weigh 20 lb (89 N) or less or, for distribution systems, weighing 5 lb/ft
(73 N/m) or less.

Section 13.4.2, page 145:

The word “or” should be added to the second listing of items as follows:

13.4.2 Anchors in Concrete or Masonry. Anchors embedded in concrete or masonry shall be

proportioned to carry the least of the following:

a. 1.3 times the force in the component and its supports due to the prescribed forces.
b. The maximum force that can be transferred to the anchor by the component and its supports.

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 The value of Rp used in Section 13.3.1 to determine the forces in the connected part shall not
exceed 1.5 unless

a. The component anchorage is designed to be governed by the strength of a ductile steel

element or
b. The design of post-installed anchors in concrete used for the component anchorage is
prequalified for seismic applications in accordance with ACI 355.2 or
c. The anchor is designed in accordance with Section 14.2.2.17.

Chapter 15 – page 169:

Table 15.7-3: The heading of the third column of Occupancy Category should be “IV” not “III”

Chapter 23 – page 236:

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API
American Petroleum Institute
1220 L Street
Washington, D.C. 20005-4070

API 650
Sections 15.4.1, 15.7.8.1, 15.7.9.4
Welded Steel Tanks For Oil Storage, 10th Edition, Addendum 4, 2005 2006.

ASCE/SEI
American Society of Civil Engineers
Structural Engineering Institute
1801 Alexander Bell Drive
Reston, VA 20191-4400

ASCE 19
Section 14.1.1, 14.1.7
Structural Applications for Steel Cables for Buildings, 2002 1996.

Chapter C5 – Section C5.4.5 – “Duration of Impact”, page 278:

The equation reference in last sentence should be changed from C5-2 to C5-3 as
follows:

The recommended value for use in Eq. C5-2 C5-3 is therefore 0.03 s.

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 Errata Posted on January 6, 2006
Please see below for errata posted after this date

Chapter 6 – Figure 6-18A, page 66:

In the heading, upper right hand corner, the “q” should be “θ” so that the heading reads:

Monoslope Free Roofs

θ ≤ 45°, γ = 0°, 180°

Chapter 6 – Figure 6-18B, page 67:

In the heading of the table for Wind Direction, the “g” should be “γ” so that the
heading reads:

Wind Direction, γ = 0°, 180°

Chapter 10 – Figure 10-1, page 102:

The dimension Dc in the upper right-hand diagram is measured from the upper
corner of the rectangle on the left side to the lower corner on the right side as
shown below:

Dc

Chapter 11 – Section 11.6, page 116:

Modify the first sentence as follows:

Structures shall be assigned a Seismic Design Category in accordance with

this Section. Section 11.6.1.1.
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Chapter 12 – Table 12.8-2, page 129:

Remove two horizontal lines and indent two headings for clarity. Properly

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 formatted table is presented below:

Table 12.8-2 Values of Approximate Period Parameters Ct and x

Structure Type Ct x
Moment resisting frame systems in which the frames resist 100
percent of the required seismic force and are not enclosed or
adjoined by components that are more rigid and will prevent the
frames from deflecting where subjected to seismic forces:

Steel Moment Resisting Frames 0.028 0.8

(0.0724)a

Concrete Moment Resisting Frames 0.016 0.9

(0.0466)a
0.03 0.75
Eccentrically braced steel frames
(0.0731)a
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0.02 0.75
All other structural systems
(0.0488)a
a
- metric equivalents are shown in parentheses

Chapter 12 – Section 12.8.4.2, page 130:

Remove the units in two places in the first paragraph as shown below:

12.8.4.2 Accidental Torsion. Where diaphragms are not flexible, the design shall include
the inherent torsional moment (Mt) (kip or kN) resulting from the location of the structure
masses plus the accidental torsional moments (Mta) (kip or kN) caused by assumed
displacement of the center of mass each way from its actual location by a distance equal
to 5 percent of the dimension of the structure perpendicular to the direction of the applied
forces.

Where earthquake forces are applied concurrently in two orthogonal directions, the
required 5 percent displacement of the center of mass need not be applied in both of the
orthogonal directions at the same time, but shall be applied in the direction that produces
the greater effect.

Chapter 12 – Section 12.14.1.1, page 137:

Revise item 8 as follows:

9. For buildings with a diaphragm that is not flexible, the distance between the center of rigidity
and the center of mass parallel to each major axis shall not exceed 15 percent of the greatest
width of the diaphragm parallel to that axis. In addition, the following two equations shall be
satisfied for each major axis direction:

m n
e1 2 m
∑ k1i d i2 + ∑ k 2 j d 2j ≥ 2.5(0.05 +
i =1 j =1 b1
)b1 ∑ k1i
i =1
(Eq. 12.14-2A)

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 m n
e2 m

∑ k1i d i2 + ∑ k 2 j d 2j ≥ 2.5(0.05 +
i =1 j =1 b2
)b2 ∑ k1i
2

i =1
(Eq. 12.14-2B)

where (see Figure 12.14-1):

k1i is the lateral load stiffness of wall “i” or braced frame “i” parallel to major axis 1
k2j is the lateral load stiffness of wall “j” or braced frame “j” parallel to major axis 2
d1i is the distance from the wall “i” or braced frame “i” to the center of rigidity, perpendicular
to major axis 1
d2j is the distance from the wall “j” or braced frame “j” to the center of rigidity, perpendicular
to major axis 2
e1 is the distance perpendicular to major axis 1 between the center of rigidity and the center of
mass
b1 is the width of the diaphragm perpendicular to major axis 1
e2 is the distance perpendicular to major axis 2 between the center of rigidity and the center
of mass
b2 is the width of the diaphragm perpendicular to major axis 2
m is the number of walls and braced frames resisting lateral force in direction 1
n is the number of walls and braced frames resisting lateral force in direction 2

Eqs. 12.14-2A and B need not be checked where a structure fulfills all the following
limitations:

1. The arrangement of walls or braced frames is symmetric about each major axis direction,
2. The distance between the two most separated lines of walls or braced frames is at least 90
percent of the dimension of the structure perpendicular to that axis direction, and
3. The stiffness along each of the lines considered for item 2 above is at least 33 percent of the
total stiffness in that axis direction.

Chapter 13 – Section 13.4.2, page 145:

The referenced section in item c should be 14.2.2.17 rather than 14.2.2.14 as

follows:

c. The anchor is designed in accordance with Section 14.2.2.14 14.2.2.17.

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Chapter C5 – Section C5.4.5 – Equation C5-3, page 278:

The denominator should be “ 2g ∆t ” rather than “ 2g ∆g ”

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 Chapter C Appendix C: The commentary on Appendix C, Serviceability
Considerations was inadvertently omitted from the printed version of ASCE 7-05 and is
provided below. We apologize for this omission.

Chapter C Appendix C
Serviceability Considerations

CC. Serviceability Considerations fluctuations, and dynamic loads from human

Serviceability limit states are conditions in which activities, wind-induced effects, or the operation of
the functions of a building or other structure are building service equipment. The service loads are
impaired because of local damage, deterioration those loads that act on the structure at an arbitrary
or deformation of building components, or point in time. (In contrast, the nominal loads have
because of occupant discomfort. While safety a small probability of being exceeded in any year;
generally is not an issue with serviceability limit factored loads have a small probability of being
states, they nonetheless may have severe exceeded in 50 years.) Appropriate service loads
economic consequences. The increasing use of for checking serviceability limit states may be only
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the computer as a design tool, the use of stronger a fraction of the nominal loads.
(but not stiffer) construction materials, the use of
lighter architectural elements, and the The response of the structure to service loads
uncoupling of the nonstructural elements from normally can be analyzed assuming linear elastic
the structural frame, may result in building behavior. However, members that accumulate
systems that are relatively flexible and lightly residual deformations under service loads may
damped. Limit states design emphasizes that require examination with respect to this long-
serviceability criteria (as they always have been) term behavior. Service loads used in analyzing
are essential to ensure functional performance creep or other long-term effects may not be the
and economy of design for such building same as those used to analyze elastic deflections
structural systems [Refs. CC-1, CC-2, CC-3]. or other short-term or reversible structural
behavior.
There are three general types of unserviceability
that may be experienced: Serviceability limits depend on the function of
the building and on the perceptions of its
1. Excessive deflections or rotation that occupants. In contrast to the ultimate limit
may affect the appearance, functional states, it is difficult to specify general
use or drainage of the structure, or may serviceability limits that are applicable to all
cause damaging transfer of load to non- building structures. The serviceability limits
load supporting elements and presented in Sections CC.1.1, CC.1.2, and
attachments. CC.1.3 provide general guidance and have
2. Excessive vibrations produced by the usually led to acceptable performance in the past.
activities of building occupants, However, serviceability limits for a specific
mechanical equipment, or the wind, building should be determined only after a
which may cause occupant discomfort careful analysis by the engineer and architect of
or malfunction of building service all functional and economic requirements and
equipment. constraints in conjunction with the building
3. Deterioration, including weathering, owner. It should be recognized that building
corrosion, rotting, and discoloration. occupants are able to perceive structural
deflections, motion, cracking, or other signs of
In checking serviceability, the designer is possible distress at levels that are much lower
advised to consider appropriate service loads, the than those that would indicate that structural
response of the structure, and the reaction of the failure was impending. Such signs of distress
building occupants. may be taken incorrectly as an indication that the
building is unsafe and diminish its commercial
Service loads that may require consideration value.
include static loads from the occupants and their
possessions, snow or rain on roofs, temperature CC.1.1 Vertical Deflections Excessive vertical

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 deflections and misalignment arise primarily
from three sources: (1) gravity loads, such as D + 0.5L (CC-2)
dead, live, and snow loads; (2) effects of
temperature, creep, and differential settlement; The dead load effect, D, used in applying
and (3) construction tolerances and errors. Such Equations CC.1 and CC.2 may be that portion of
deformations may be visually objectionable, may dead load that occurs following attachment of
cause separation, cracking, or leakage of exterior nonstructural elements. Live load, L, is defined
cladding, doors, windows and seals, and may in Chapter 4. For example, in composite
cause damage to interior components and construction, the dead load effects frequently are
finishes. Appropriate limiting values of taken as those imposed after the concrete has
deformations depend on the type of structure, cured; in ceilings, the dead load effects may
detailing, and intended use [Ref. CC-4]. include only those loads placed after the ceiling
Historically, common deflection limits for structure is in place.
horizontal members have been 1/360 of the span
for floors subjected to full nominal live load and CC.1.2 Drift of Walls and Frames Drifts
1/240 of span for roof members. Deflections of (lateral deflections) of concern in serviceability
about 1/300 of the span (for cantilevers, 1/150 of checking arise primarily from the effects of
length) are visible and may lead to general wind. Drift limits in common usage for building
architectural damage or cladding leakage. design are on the order of 1/600 to 1/400 of the
Deflections greater than 1/200 of the span may building or story height [Ref. CC-7]. These
impair operation of moveable components such limits generally are sufficient to minimize
as doors, windows, and sliding partitions. damage to cladding and nonstructural walls and
partitions. Smaller drift limits may be
In certain long-span floor systems, it may be appropriate if the cladding is brittle. An absolute
necessary to place a limit (independent of span) limit on interstory drift may also need to be
on the maximum deflection to minimize the imposed in light of evidence that damage to non-
possibility of damage of adjacent nonstructural structural partitions, cladding and glazing may
elements [Ref. CC-5]. For example, damage to occur if the interstory drift exceeds about 10 mm
nonload-bearing partitions may occur if vertical (3/8 in.) unless special detailing practices are
deflections exceed more than about 10 mm (3/8 made to tolerate movement [Refs. CC-6, CC-8].
in.) unless special provision is made for Many components can accept deformations that
differential movement [Ref. CC-6]; however, are significantly larger.
many components can and do accept larger
deformations. Use of the factored wind load in checking
serviceability is excessively conservative. The
Load combinations for checking static load combination with an annual probability of
deflections can be developed using first-order 0.05 of being exceeded, which can be used for
reliability analysis [Ref. CC-4]. Current static checking short-term effects, is
deflection guidelines for floor and roof systems
are adequate for limiting surficial damage in D + 0.5L + 0.7W (CC-3)
most buildings. A combined load with an annual
probability of 0.05 of being exceeded would be obtained using a procedure similar to that used to
appropriate in most instances. For serviceability derive Eqs. CC-1a and CC-1b. Wind load, W, is
limit states involving visually objectionable defined in Chapter 6. Due to its transient nature,
deformations, repairable cracking or other wind load need not be considered in analyzing
damage to interior finishes, and other short-term the effects of creep or other long-term actions.
effects, the suggested load combinations are:
Deformation limits should apply to the structural
D+L (CC-1a) assembly as a whole. The stiffening effect of
nonstructural walls and partitions may be taken
D + 0.5S (CC-1b) into account in the analysis of drift if
substantiating information regarding their effect
is available. Where load cycling occurs,
For serviceability limit states involving creep, consideration should be given to the possibility
settlement, or similar long-term or permanent that increases in residual deformations may lead
effects, the suggested load combination is: to incremental structural collapse.

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 system should be tuned so that its natural
CC.1.3 Vibrations Structural motions of floors frequency is well removed from the harmonics of
or of the building as a whole can cause the the excitation frequency. As a general rule, the
building occupants discomfort. In recent years, natural frequency of structural elements and
the number of complaints about building assemblies should be greater than 2.0 times the
vibrations has been increasing. This increasing frequency of any steady-state excitation to which
number of complaints is associated in part with they are exposed unless vibration isolation is
the more flexible structures that result from provided. Damping is also an effective way of
modern construction practice. Traditional static controlling annoying vibration from transient
deflection checks are not sufficient to ensure that events, as studies have shown that individuals
annoying vibrations of building floor systems or are more tolerant of vibrations that damp out
buildings as a whole will not occur [Ref. CC-1]. quickly than those that persist [Ref. CC-12].
While control of stiffness is one aspect of
serviceability, mass distribution and damping are Several recent studies have shown that a simple
also important in controlling vibrations. The use and relatively effective way to minimize
of new materials and building systems may objectionable vibrations to walking and other
require that the dynamic response of the system common human activities is to control the floor
be considered explicitly. Simple dynamic stiffness, as measured by the maximum
models often are sufficient to determine whether deflection independent of span. Justification for
there is a potential problem and to suggest limiting the deflection to an absolute value rather
possible remedial measurements [Refs. CC-9, than to some fraction of span can be obtained by
CC-10]. considering the dynamic characteristics of a floor
system modeled as a uniformly loaded simple
Excessive structural motion is mitigated by span. The fundamental frequency of vibration,
measures that limit building or floor accelerations fo, of this system is given by
to levels that are not disturbing to the occupants or
do not damage service equipment. Perception and π EI
tolerance of individuals to vibration is dependent
fo = (CC-4)
2l 2
ρ
on their expectation of building performance
(related to building occupancy) and to their level of in which EI = flexural rigidity of the floor, l =
activity at the time the vibration occurs [Ref. CC- span, and ρ = w/g = mass per unit length; g =
11]. Individuals find continuous vibrations more acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s2), and w =
objectionable than transient vibrations. Continuous dead load plus participating live load. The
vibrations (over a period of minutes) with maximum deflection due to w is
acceleration on the order of 0.005 g to 0.01 g are
δ = (5 / 384 )(wl 4 / EI )
annoying to most people engaged in quiet (CC-5)
activities, whereas those engaged in physical
activities or spectator events may tolerate steady- Substituting EI from this equation into Eq. CC-3,
state accelerations on the order of 0.02 g to 0.05 g. we obtain
Thresholds of annoyance for transient vibrations
(lasting only a few seconds) are considerably
higher and depend on the amount of structural f o ≈ 18 / δ (δ in mm ) (CC-6)
damping present [Ref. CC-12]. For a finished floor
with (typically) 5 percent damping or more, peak This frequency can be compared to minimum natural
transient accelerations of 0.05 g to 0.1 g may be frequencies for mitigating walking vibrations in
tolerated. various occupancies [Ref. CC-17]. For example, Eq.
CC-6 indicates that the static deflection due to
Many common human activities impart dynamic uniform load, w, must be limited to about 5 mm,
forces to a floor at frequencies (or harmonics) in independent of span, if the fundamental frequency of
the range of 2 to 6 Hz [Refs. CC-13 through CC- vibration of the floor system is to be kept above
16]. If the fundamental frequency of vibration of about 8 Hz. Many floors not meeting this guideline
the floor system is in this range and if the are perfectly serviceable; however, this guideline
activity is rhythmic in nature (e.g., dancing, provides a simple means for identifying potentially
aerobic exercise, cheering at spectator events), troublesome situations where additional
resonant amplification may occur. To prevent consideration in design may be warranted.
resonance from rhythmic activities, the floor

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 CC.2 Design for Long-Term Deflection Research (1986). "Structural
Under sustained loading, structural members serviceability: a critical appraisal and
may exhibit additional time-dependent research needs." J. Str. Div., ASCE
deformations due to creep, which usually occur 112(12): 2646–2664.
at a slow but persistent rate over long periods of [CC-2] National Building Code of Canada
time. In certain applications, it may be necessary (1990). "Commentary A, Serviceability
to limit deflection under long-term loading to Criteria for deflections and vibrations,"
specified levels. This can be done by National Research Council, Ottawa,
multiplying the immediate deflection by a creep Ontario.
factor, as provided in material standards, that [CC-3] Fisher, J.M. and West, M.A. (1990).
ranges from about 1.5 to 2.0. This limit state "Serviceability design considerations
should be checked using load combination CC.2. for low-rise buildings." Steel Design
Guide No. 3, American Institute of
CC.3 Camber Where required, camber Steel Construction, Chicago, Ill.
should be built into horizontal structural [CC-4] Galambos, T.V. and Ellingwood, B.
members to give proper appearance and drainage (1986). "Serviceability limit states:
and to counteract anticipated deflection from deflections." J. Str. Div., ASCE 112(1):
loading and potential ponding. 67–84.
[CC-5] ISO 4356 (1977). "Bases for the design
CC.4 Expansion and Contraction of structures—Deformations of
Provisions should be made in design so that if buildings at the serviceability limit
significant dimensional changes occur, the states."
structure will move as a whole and differential [CC-6] Cooney, R.C. and King, A.B. (1988).
movement of similar parts and members meeting "Serviceability criteria for buildings."
at joints will be a minimum. Design of BRANZ Report SR14, Building
expansion joints to allow for dimensional Research Association of New Zealand,
changes in portions of a structure separated by Porirua, New Zealand.
such joints should take both reversible and [CC-7] ASCE Task Committee on Drift Control
irreversible movements into account. Structural of Steel Building Structures (1988).

--`,`,,```,```,,,`,,````````,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
distress in the form of wide cracks has been "Wind drift design of steel-framed
caused by restraint of thermal, shrinkage, and buildings: state of the art." J. Str. Div.,
prestressing deformations. Designers are ASCE 114(9): 2085–2108.
advised to provide for such effects through relief [CC-8] Freeman, S. (1977). "Racking tests of
joints or by controlling crack widths. high rise building partitions." J. Str.
Div., ASCE 103(8): 1673–1685.
CC.5 Durability Buildings and other [CC-9] Bachmann, H. and Ammann, W.
structures may deteriorate in certain service (1987). "Vibrations in structures."
environments. This deterioration may be visible Structural Engineering, Doc. 3e,
upon inspection (weathering, corrosion, staining) International Assoc. for Bridge and Str.
or may result in undetected changes in the Engr., Zurich, Switzerland.
material. The designer should either provide a [CC-10] Ellingwood, B. (1989). "Serviceability
specific amount of damage tolerance in the guidelines for steel structures." AISC
design or should specify adequate protection Engr. J. 26(1): 1–8.
systems and/or planned maintenance to minimize
the likelihood that such problems will occur. [CC-11] ANSI (1983). “American National
Water infiltration through poorly constructed or Standard Guide to the Evaluation of
maintained wall or roof cladding is considered Human Exposure to Vibration in
beyond the realm of designing for damage Buildings (ANSI S3.29-1983)." Am.
tolerance. Waterproofing design is beyond the Nat. Stds. Inst., New York.
scope of this standard. For portions of buildings [CC-12] Murray, T. (1991). "Building floor
and other structures exposed to weather, the vibrations." AISC Engineering J. 28(3):
design should eliminate pockets in which 102–109.
moisture can accumulate.
[CC-13] Allen, D.E. and Rainer, J.H. (1976).
References "Vibration criteria for long-span floors."
[CC-1] Ad Hoc Committee on Serviceability Canadian, J. Civil Engr. 3(2): 165–173.

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 [CC-14] Allen, D.E., Rainer, J.H., and Pernica, Additional References of Interest
G. (1985). "Vibration criteria for Ohlsson, S. (1988). "Ten years of floor vibration
assembly occupancies." Canadian J. research - a review of aspects and some
Civil Engr. 12(3): 617–623. results." Proceedings, Symposium on
[CC-15] Allen, D.E. (1990a). "Floor vibrations from Serviceability of Buildings, National
aerobics." Canadian J. Civil Engr. 19(4): Research Council of Canada, Ottawa,
771–779. pp. 435–450.
[CC-16] Allen, D.E. (1990b). "Building Tallin, A.G. and Ellingwood, B. (1984).
vibrations from human activities." "Serviceability limit states: wind
Concrete International 12(6): 66–73. induced vibrations." J. Str. Engr. ASCE
[CC-17] Allen, D.E. and Murray, T.M. (1993). 110(10): 2424–2437.
"Design criterion for vibrations due to Ellingwood, B. and Tallin, A. (1984). Structural
walking." Engineering Journal, AISC serviceability: floor vibrations." J. Str.
30(4):117–129. Div., ASCE 110(2): 401–418.

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