A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN ENGLISH FOR GRADE 8

“Elements of Short Story: Characters and Plot"

Class schedule: Monday-Thursday
(07:30 AM-08:30 AM)
Time frame: 1 hour

I. OBJECTIVES

A. CONTENT STANDARD
The learner demonstrates understanding of: South and West Asian literature as an
expression of philosophical and religious beliefs; information flow in various text types;
reality, fantasy, and opinion in listening and viewing materials; word decoding strategies;
and use of information sources, active/passive constructions, direct/reported speech,
perfect tenses, and logical connectors in journalistic writing.

B. PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learner transfers learning by composing a variety of journalistic texts, the
contents of which may be used in composing and delivering a memorized oral speech
featuring use of properly acknowledged information sources, grammatical signals for
opinion-making, persuasion, and emphasis, and appropriate prosodic features, stance, and
behaviour.

C. LEARNING COMPETENCIES
EN8V-IIIa-15.3: Explain the meaning of a word through structural analysis (prefixes, roots,
suffixes)

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Distinguish the elements of short story particularly the parts of Plot and types of
character through class participation;
2. value the importance of elements of short story particularly the parts of Plot and types of
characters of the Indian Epic entitled Ramayana by Valmiki through story mapping ;
and
3. perform the significant events in the indian epic through role playing by group.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic – Elements of Short Story
 A. Reference- Retrieved from
 English Quarter 3 – MODULE (Week 1 & 2 ) page 1-9
Prefixes, suffixes & root words in English | Overview & Examples ... (2023, November 21).
https://study.com/academy/lesson/spelling-word-patterns-prefixes-suffixes-root-words.html/
accessed/01/25/2023.

B. Materials – Cartolina, cardboard, marker pen, construction paper, liquid glue, stick glue,
double-sided tape, scotch tape, and bond paper

III. PROCEDURES
Teacher’s Activity Learner’s Activity
A. Preparatory Activities

1. Drills

Good morning, Teacher Therese!

Good morning, grade 8 Beaming!

(The students may or may not raise their

Okay class, let us have our prayer. Who wants to
hands, but the teacher will call a name
lead the prayer? who will lead the prayer if none of the
students will volunteer.)

Okay, ma’am.
Can you please lead the prayer, Shiana?
In the name of the Father, and of the Son,
and of the holy spirit. Amen.

Our Father, Who art in heaven,

Hallowed be Thy Name.
Thy Kingdom come.
Thy Will be done,
on earth as it is in Heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our trespasses,
as we forgive those who trespass against
us.
And lead us not into temptation,
but deliver us from evil. Amen.

(The students will arrange their chairs and

pick up all the trash that they find.)
Before you sit down, kindly pick up pieces of
paper and trash on the floor and arrange your
chairs properly. In 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1.

Thank you, everyone. Please have a sit.

(The students will give thumbs up if they

How are you feeling today? Thumbs up if you’re are feeling good)
doing well and thumbs down if you’re not feeling
good. Yes, Ma'am!

Well, it’s good to know that most of you are (The students will follow what the teacher
doing well! With that, kindly tap yourself and say instructed)
“I made it here”

Great! Indeed, you made it here.

Checking of Attendance

Thank you! You may have a seat. For attendance,

please raise your hand when your surname is
called and share the title 9f your favorite movie.
Understood?

Aba, Jessie
Abella, Clark F.
Absin, Roy Jones
Badio, Jamel
Basiculan, Vaneza
Binahon, Khent
Brillantes, Maria Theresa
Burlat, Shiana Mae
Cabando, Lea Marie
Caberte, Zaramy
Cabungcal, Shikinah
Cañedo, Hunny Lynne
Cardona, Kathe
Chacon, Philip Justin
Fabela, Lovella Jade
Gamalo, Espher
Galang Cristina
Gelizon, Zyrus
Ito, Rhea Mae
Madronero, Jessa Jane
Magan, Jessa
Micayas, Darlene
Muni, Erika Joy
Nacawili, Liezel
Naelga, Cristhel
Navacilla, Ruby
Naybe, Riza Mae
Neri, Jan Philip
Oclarit, Charlene
Palingcod, Riza Mae
Pamatong, Anna Mae
Peling, Mary Joy
Perez, Daiseree
Pueblos, Ashley Jane
Ral, Glenn
Rollorata, Roberose
Suico, Cherry Lou
Takiang, Khrian
Tupaz, Florence
Valdehuesa, Riz
Variacion, Raffy
Veronilla, Nina Mae
Wahing, Alleana
Ybanez, Criselyn

Wow! I am glad to know that everyone is present

and everyone is doing great! For that, let us give
ourselves three claps and one hooray!

Class, remember that we must obey to our three

classroom rules. Which are, everybody read in 3,
2, and 1, go!
 Listen carefully and avoid having
a discussion with your seatmate
while I am talking here in front.
 Refrain from using gadgets during
the discussion and make sure it is
on silent mode.
 Raise your hands if you have any
questions, clarifications, additions,
or concerns.
 2. Motivation
Welcome to our new lesson in English 8, 3rd
quarter. Are you all excited?

Because this morning we will have a game! Yes, ma’am! We are all excited!

Wow, very energetic!

Class, when I say hocus, focus you must say Time

to focus.

Is that okay, Class?

Okay, let us practice. Time to focus!

Hocus, focus?

Very good!

Class, what have you noticed here on the board?

Yes, we have random pictures!

Yes, ma'am!

Now, for us to unlock our next lesson, you all

must determine what the picture is all about. So to
give you all a clue, each picture describes a word. Aye, Aye, Captain!

Now, there's a twist in this game! I know how you

always love twists.

Are you all familiar with the term "Tumpakners"

one of the segments in the noon time show which
is It's Showtime?
No, ma'am.

Wow, it's great to hear that all of you are all

familiar!

The thing here is that instead of the term

"Tumpakners", here in my class we will call it
"Say it all at once" Alright then, let's get started
with the mechanics.
Yes, Ma'am!
I will split the class into two groups and each
group must have a pair representative. The pair is Jumbled letters , ma'am .
given 3 seconds to analyze the picture while being
placed other's back. When I say the word "go" the
pair must face each other and say their answers
out loud.

Aye, Aye, Captain!

Starting from left to right count from 1 to 2 and
then go to your respective groups. Take note that
you will be going to sit with group mates the
whole class. Group 1 will stay on the right side
and Group two in the left side.

Did you understand, class?

But before that class, to be fair to everyone, we

must play the Rock, Paper, Scissors to determine
whose group will get to play the game first. And
then, when the answer of the first group is wrong,
the second group is hereby given a chance to
guess the correct answer.

Is that okay, class?

Alright then let us start!

Group 1 who is your pair representative? Come

here in front now in 3,2,1.

Group 2 who is your pair representative?

Come here in front now in 3,2,1.

(The students will play the Rock, Paper, Scissors)

Alright! The pair from group one will be the one Yes, ma’am!

to start the game! I will give you 3 seconds to None so far, ma'am.
analyze the picture. In the count of 3, 2, 1 go!

(The pair representative will guess the picture ( The students will now start writing as
message and their answer may vary) many words as they can for 10 minutes.)

Wow, very good! The first picture is "Elements"

Wow, perfect! The second picture is "short"

Yes, ma’am!

Wow, very good! The third picture is the "story" (The time has run out.)

Thank you pair representatives for your

participation and the rest of the class. Let us give (The group 1 learners present their
ourselves rounds of applause! output.)

(The group 2 learners present their

output.)

(The group 3 learners present their

output.)

Thank you, ma’am!

 B. Developmental activities
1. Presentation
a. Setting of standards

Yes, ma’am!
Based on the word we guessed, our lesson for this
morning is about, "The Elements of a Short
Story" (Students may raise their hands.)

Now, let us have our goals for today's discussion. Word Parts, ma’am.

Everybody read in 3, 2, and 1, go!

(The Students will give three claps and
one hooray for the student representative.)

1. Differentiate the three types of

word parts especially its three
parts: prefixes, suffixes, and word
roots through oral recitation;
2. express appreciation for the
importance of prefixes by locating
them in the passage given while
suffixes, and word roots through
sentence evaluation ; and
2. Presentation of 3. construct sentences using prefixes,
Roles/Concepts/General Ideas suffixes, and word roots through a
by-group activity.
Now let us proceed to our topic.
When you hear the word Short Story what comes
first to your mind?

Raise your hand if you want to answer

Anyone?

(Students raise their hands.)

Yes, Yanna?
Very good!

Class! Can you please read in chorus what is

written in the visual aid in 3,2,1 go!

A short story is a brief work of fiction. Unlike a

novel, which can take days or even weeks to
finish, you can read a short story in one sitting.

A short story is a piece of prose fiction that can

typically be read in a single sitting and focuses on
a self-contained incident or series of linked
incidents, with the intent of evoking a single
effect or mood.

Now, when we say fiction, it is any creative work,

chiefly any narrative work, portraying
individuals, events, or places that are imaginary
or in imaginary ways

Class, every story has its Elements. There are five

(5) elements of a short story. Now let us focus
first on the Plot and Characters. Yes, Ma'am!

1. Characters AYE, AYE, CAPTAIN!

Character: Characters are those who play a role in
the story. They can be major characters around
Yes, ma'am!
which the story revolves or minor characters that
are only present to interact with the main
characters.

The characters are the people, animals, beings, or

personified objects driving your story. A story
can have many characters or just one main
character as the focus.
Kinds of Characters
There are many different kinds of characters, but
most stories include these two common types:

Protagonist
The protagonist is typically the ‘good guy’ in (Students may raise their hands)
your story — the one the reader is rooting for.
This main character is super important and central
None, ma'am.
to your plot. They are often trying to overcome
the conflict while finding themselves at odds with (Students may raise their hand if they
our next character type. want to answer.)

Antagonist
The antagonist of your story doesn’t have to be a
single person. It can be any character, group, or
force that is at odds with your protagonist. This
doesn’t mean they have to be ‘evil’ or the ‘bad
Yes, ma’am!
guy’, but the antagonist is often pushing the None, ma'am.
conflict onto our protagonist.
Aye, aye captain!

For example in the story Cinderella. We have our

Protagonist who is Cinderella and the Antagonist
her Evil stepmother.

Let's take another example in the story Ramaya

It is from the bottom ma'am.
by Maharshi Valmiki.

Before we get to know the epic, let us first know

the author of the story.

Maharishi Valmiki Roots are base words to which other word

was a legendary poet who is celebrated as the parts are added.
traditional author of the epic Ramayana, based on
the attribution in the text itself. He is revered as
Ādi Kavi, the first poet, and author of Ramayana,
the first epic poem.

Now I have here the story of Ramayana, do not

write anything on the given factsheets because I
will collect these after our class.

Is that okay class?

Yes, ma’am!

Everybody read the whole story in 3,2,1 go!

Now, after reading the story, who do you think is

the main character?

Please raise your hand if you want to answer.

Yes, Lou?

Precisely! It is Rama.

Who do you think is the villain of the story?

Very good, Fran! It is Ravana.

Other character's class includes...

(The students may raise their hands if

Rama they know the answers)

Prefix, suffix and root words ma'am.

Rama is the titular protagonist and the first son of
King Dasaratha.

Sita It is a word parts that are attached at the

Sita is Rama's wife and the incarnation of the begginning of a base or rooth word.
goddess Lakshmi, Vishnu's wife—Sita was made
for Rama.
 It is a word part that is added at the end
Lakshmana
of a base word.
Lakshmana is Rama's half-brother and son of
King Dasaratha. The two are very close, and
Lakshmana represents the ideal brother. He
chooses to go with Rama.
Roots are base words to which other word
parts are added.
Ravana
Ravana is a rakshasa (demon) with ten heads and
ten sets of arms and is the king of the island of
Lanka.

Hanuman
Hanuman is a monkey who initially serves
Sugreeva.

Moving on let us have the second element of the

short story.

2. . Plot
Plot: Plot is what happens in the story. It includes
the major events of the story, including
exposition, rising action, climax, falling action,
and resolution.

The plot is the events or actions that drive your

story — it describes the “what” of your tale. The
plot lets the reader know what’s happening,
describes the problems your characters are trying
to solve, and gives the details on how they
attempt to solve them.

Elements of Plot
There are five (5) plot elements: exposition, rising
action, climax, falling action, and resolution.
Let’s explore each one.

Exposition
The exposition gives the reader the background
info they need to jump right into your story’s
world.

This is often found towards the beginning of your

story. Even if you choose to jump right into the
action, somewhere along the way your reader
needs to get a crash course on your characters’ or
setting’s history.

Rising Action
The rising action is the moments in your story
that lead up to the climax — choices your main
characters have made and the events happening
that are at odds with your characters’ goals.

This is where your story builds and your reader

begins to invest in your characters.
This is likely going to be the longest section of
your story. A whole lot happens between the start
of the novel and that moment, but often you’ll
find yourself holding your breath and waiting to
see what will happen. That is the power of rising
action.

Climax
This is it — the primary turning point and what
your story has been building towards.

Answer the questions, What are your main

characters going to do? Will they succeed or fail?
Typical climaxes include victories or defeats. The
main goal of the climax is to resolve the conflict,
but whether that positively or negatively affects
your character is up to you. Or maybe it’s not that
simple.

Falling Action
Now that the main conflict is resolved, it’s time to
begin wrapping everything up.

The falling action is a great time to tie up any

loose ends while also giving your characters a
chance to deal with the aftermath of the climax.

Resolution
Answers the questions in the plot. The resolution
is also the time to show the next step in your
characters’ lives.

Answer the questions, Do they live happily ever

after? Is a new era dawning? Or do they just
continue with their ordinary existence with a new
experience under their belt? The resolution of one
story can also be the start of another.

For example in the story again Ramayana. Let us

explore the plot in the said story.

Where do you think is the exposition, rising

action, climax, falling action, and resolution?

Let's find that out through a group activity!

Here are the directions. Everybody listen.

 C. Concluding Activities
1. Application

I will divide the class into five (5) groups. Each

group must choose a representative to randomly
get here the anonymous topics for your reference
to our by-group activity later on.

Now, you will be going to locate the Plot of the

epic Ramayana. I will give you 10 minutes to
locate the Plot since I believe that you already
read the whole story earlier. After locating the
Parts of the Plot that your representative picked,
you're going to put your answers on a 1 whole
AYE, AYE, CAPTAIN!
sheet of paper and read your answers while
standing. Don't forget to write your group mates
names at the back of the paper. Remember that
each part of the plot is equivalent to 10 points if
you've got the correct answer.

So now, starting from left to right you count from

1-5. Then, you go to your respective groups.

May I request the representatives of each group to

please come here in the front for our drawlots.

(The representatives will pick randomly their

given topics that will be used in the application
and evaluation)

Group 1, what did you get?

The Exposition, great!

Group 2, what did you get?

The rising action, awesome!

Group 3, what did you get?

The climax, fantastic!

Group 4, what did you get?

The falling action, great!

Group 5, what did you get?

The resolution, perfect!

I believe that you all can answer because those

are the things that I discussed earlier. You don't
have to copy everything, just summarize the
certain part of the story you picked.

Do you have any questions?

Okay, then your time starts now!

You may start to answer.

Okay, are you all done?

Papers up!

Everyone from group 1 stand up and read your

answers.

Good job! Let us give the Group 1 a round of

applause!

Everyone from group 2 stand up and read your

answers.

Well done, Group 2! Let us give them also a

round of applause!

Yes, ma’am!
Everyone from group 3 stand up and read your
answers.
Very good, Group 3! Let us give them also a
round of applause! None, ma'am.

Everyone from group 4 stand up and read your (The time has run out.)
answers. Yes, ma’am!

Very good, Group 4! Let us give them also a

round of applause!

Everyone from group 5 stand up and read your

answers.
Yes, ma'am.

Well done, Group 5! Let us give them also a

round of applause!

Very good! Thank you, everyone. All of you got

the correct answers so all of you got 10 points.
Let us give a round of applause to ourselves.

Did you enjoy our group activity?

Do you have any questions?

What are the two types of characters we've

discussed?

How about the parts of the Plot?

Brilliant! It seems that everybody is listening

well!

Everybody stand up, put your hands in the air,

and shake it in the count of 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.

Sit down, arrange your chairs, and settle down

now.
Are you ready, grade 8 Beaming?

Did you understand the directions, class?

Do you have any questions and Clarifications?

Then, your time starts now.

Are you all done? Okay, everyone 5 minutes is
done.

Exchange papers to other groups in the count of

3, 2, 1. Settle down and sit properly.

Are you all done checking?

Okay pass your papers in front in the count of 3,

2 1.

Wow all of you got high scores! Let's give a

Yes, ma’am!
round of applause to ourselves.

2. Restatement of
Roles/Concepts/General Ideas
Do you have questions? Clarifications? Or violent
reactions? (Students may answer when it is their turn
and their answer may vary based on their
Okay, if there’s none then, I will be the one to ask
understanding.)
questions. Earlier, I have talked about various
important things for you to ponder. During our
discussion earlier, I found a treasure! Now, Class,
I have here with me a treasure, inside the treasure
are the gold coins with mysterious questions (Students may answer when it is their turn
written at the back. and their answer may vary based on their
understanding.)
All you have to do is to sing, If I say STOP, the
last person who holds the treasure box will pick
one gold coin inside it and answer the questions
written at the back.
Am I clear, class?

Question no. 1: What are the three types of word

Yes, ma’am!
parts?

Key Answer:
 Prefix, suffix, word roots

Question no. 2: Why is learning about word parts

important?

Question no. 3: What have you learned about

word parts?
Yes, ma'am!

Question no. 4: In your opinion what is the

difference between prefix and suffix?

Question no. 5: Give atleast one example of

prefix, suffix, and word roots based on our
discussion.
Yes, ma'am!

Very good! Let us give ourselves a round of

applause.
3. Valuing
What are again the three types of word parts?
Yes, Cherry?

Very good , Cherry!

When we say Prefix, what does it mean?

Yes, Glenn?

Perfect, Glenn!

Now, when we say suffix, what does it mean?

Yes, Yanna?

Well said, Yanna!

How about when we say Roots?

Yes, Clark?
Perfect!

Thank you everyone! All of you got the correct

answers. Let us give a round of applause to
ourselves.

Class, are you still with me?

Always remember that it is important to learn

these three types because it helps us expand our
vocabulary, which will help improve your
writing.

Did you understand, class?

Again to summarize everything, there are

different word parts in each word. Sometimes a
word consists of only a root word.

Are we clear everybody?

IV. EVALUATION
Now that you have master already all of our
topics, for us to land safely to our destination,
but let us figure out first if you have
understood our lesson during our discussion
earlier. Let us have a quiz!

Okay, with the same group earlier, you are

going to make a yell or chant but with a twist.
Now the twist is that, your yell must be in a
maximum of 1 minute and a minimum of 30
seconds incorporating the three types of Word
Parts. One word could be prefix, suffix or
roots is equivalent to one point. You can
incorporate as many Word parts as you can. I
will only give you 10 minutes to compose
your yell, so you must work collaboratively.
Please refer to the rubrics for you to be
guided.
For the rubrics of our by group yell, we have
here everybody read in 3,2,1 go!

Critical Thinking 20%

Clarity and Coherence 20%
Language Used/Content 30%
Mastery of the Dialogue 10%
Creativity and voice projection 20%
Total: 100%
Are we clear, class?

Yes, ma’am!
Do you have any questions and
Clarifications?
None, ma'am!
If there's none then let's get started!

Time is up!

Group 1 stand up and present your yell in (The time has run out.)
front of the class now.

( The students from group 1 will present their

Good job! Let us give the Group 1 a round of
applause! yell in front of the class.)

Group 2 stand up and present your yell in

front of the class now.

Well done, Group 2! Let us give them also a

round of applause! ( The students from group 2 will present their
yell in front of the class.)
Group 3 stand up and present your yell in
front of the class now.

Very good, Group 3! Let us give them also a ( The students from group 3 will present their
round of applause.
yell in front of the class.)

(Students answer the quiz)

 Yes, ma’am!

V. ASSIGNMENT
Did you do well in the exercises that we had
earlier? Congratulations! you now know the
three categories of word parts—prefixes,
suffixes, and roots—that can help you to
unlock the meaning of unfamiliar words when
you read.

I am glad to inform everyone that we have

arrived to our destination safe and sound. But,
before we part ways, we must have something
to bring home. So, let us have an assignment!

Directions:
Construct a Reflection about your most
unforgettable experience in life, using three
types of word parts. A maximum of 5
prefixes, 5 suffixes and 5 root words with no
repetitions. The use of word parts must be
underlined. Please be guided at the rubrics
provided below.

Everybody read in 3, 2, and 1, go!

Deadline will be tomorrow. Class President

you may collect the assignments.

● Content 40%
● Grammar/punctuation 20%
● Language/style 10%
● Structure 20%
 TOTAL OF 100
VI. CLOSING REMARKS
Do you have further questions?
Clarifications? Violent reactions? If there is
none. Then, let us have our closing prayer.
Nina, please lead the prayer. In the name of the father, and of the son, and
of the holy spirit. Amen.

Our Father, Who art in heaven,

Hallowed be Thy Name.
Thy Kingdom come.
Thy Will be done,
on earth as it is in Heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our trespasses,
as we forgive those who trespass against us.
And lead us not into temptation,
but deliver us from evil. Amen.

Seize the day!

Class, What's the Challenge of the day?

I want you all to write your name in the air.

Erase your names.

Goodbye, class! Until the next adventure,

Good bye ma’am Therese!
class!

Prepared by:

MARIA THERESA HINOGUIN BRILLANTES

ENGLISH 8 STUDENT TEACHER