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Space Technology

The document discusses applications of machine learning and deep learning in space technology. It analyzes how ML can be used to process data from sensors on earth observation satellites. It also discusses how efficient satellite imaging can capture high resolution multi-spectral images and how deep learning may be used directly on spacecraft in the future to improve operations.

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emertechcodex
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13 views

Space Technology

The document discusses applications of machine learning and deep learning in space technology. It analyzes how ML can be used to process data from sensors on earth observation satellites. It also discusses how efficient satellite imaging can capture high resolution multi-spectral images and how deep learning may be used directly on spacecraft in the future to improve operations.

Uploaded by

emertechcodex
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Space Technology

Space Technology involves using deep space communication, satellite path analysis, smart
propulsion, space stations, orbital launch vehicles, and in-space propulsion. The space
environment is a sufficiently novel that attempting to work in it often requires new tools and
techniques.
Many common everyday services for terrestrial use, such as weather forecasting, remote
sensing, satellite navigation systems, satellite television, and some long-distance
communications systems, critically rely on space infrastructure. Of the
sciences, astronomy and earth science benefit from space technology.
DEEP LEARNING MEETS SPACE
Spacecraft and satellites have two types of systems: payload, which consists of instruments
that facilitate the primary purpose of the spacecraft, and the operations systems, which
support the payload and allow it to reach, stay, and work in space. This section will analyze
current applications of ML pertaining to both systems.
Analysis of Payload Data
Earth observation satellites in either geostationary (GEO) or Low Earth (LEO) orbits carry
sensors ranging from RGB imagers for cloud cover detection to more specialized sensors for
other atmospheric properties: temperature, humidity, wind vectors, and gaseous composition.
Data, often from radiometric or spectral sensors, has traditionally been processed at ground
stations primarily using classical ML and hand-crafted specialized algorithms.
Efficient Satellite Imaging
Most imaging sensors capture several bands (commonly between IR to UV) spread across
the electromagnetic spectrum. Modern sensors can capture very high-resolution (VHR)
images at up to 31cm of ground per pixel (in panchromatic mode). Even higher-resolution
images can be obtained using synthetic-aperture radar (SAR), which uses the motion of a
radio antenna over the surface to map the surface in three dimensions at a resolution of just a
few centimeters per pixel. A number of both raw and preprocessed hyperspectral datasets are
readily available.
Conclusion
As space devices become more affordable to launch and their hardware becomes more
powerful to run non-trivial workloads, deep learning in space will continue to grow as a topic
within mobile and embedded machine learning. In this work, we presented how machine
learning can be applied to space data, drew a parallel between space and terrestrial embedded
hardware, and showed how on-device deep learning can improve the operation of a space
device.

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