Permalink: https://lifearchitect.ai/models-table/ Timeline view: https://lifearchitect.ai/timeline The Memo: https://lifearchitect.

ai/memo
Model Lab Playground Parameters Tokens Ratio Tokens:Params ALScore Training dataset Announced Public? Paper / Notes
(Chinchilla scaling≥20:1) "ALScore" is a quick and dirty rating of the model's power. The formula is:
(B) trained (B) Sqr Root of (Parameters x Tokens) ÷ 300. ▼ Repo
Any ALScore ≥ 1.0 is a powerful model in mid-2023.
Grok-1.5 xAI https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1749481112076751120 TBA 🟢
Llama 3 Meta AI https://www.instagram.com/reel/C2QARHJR1sZ/ TBA 🟢 Due Jul/2024. Meta 18/Jan/2024: 'We're currently training our next-gen model Llama 3'
Meta GPT Meta AI https://www.theverge.com/2023/9/10/23867323/meta-new-ai-model-gpt-4-openai-chatbot-google-apple
2000 TBA Training in Q1 2024 on H100s. No project/model name yet.
https://archive.md/twAV7
Ajax GPT Apple https://www.theverge.com/2023/9/6/23861763/apple-ai-language-models-ajax-gpt-training-spending
200 TBA Internal use.
Claude-Next Anthropic https://techcrunch.com/2023/04/06/anthropics-5b-4-year-plan-to-take-on-openai/
2000 TBA 2T params estimated
G3PO OpenAI https://lifearchitect.substack.com/p/the-memo-5aug2023
70 TBA Open source version, probably 70B parameters equivalent. Internal codename only
Arrakis (GPT-4.5?) OpenAI https://lifearchitect.ai/gpt-4-5/ TBA 🔴 True multimodal (anything in > anything out)
Gobi (GPT-5?) OpenAI https://lifearchitect.ai/gpt-5/ TBA
GPT-5 OpenAI https://lifearchitect.ai/gpt-5/ 2000 TBA Due mid-2024.
Olympus Amazon https://lifearchitect.ai/olympus/2000 40000 TBA
AuroraGPT (Science ANL https://www.hpcwire.com/2023/11/13/training-of-1-trillion-parameter-scientific-ai-begins/
1000 TBA 🔴 https://tpc.dev/2023/11/10/tpc-announced-with-founding-partners/
Mistral Small Mistral AI https://chat.mistral.ai/chat 7 3000 429: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 MMLU=72.2. Optimised for latency and cost.
https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-large/
Mistral Large Mistral AI https://poe.com/Mistral-Large 540 11000 21: 8.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 MMLU=81.2 (same as Flan-PaLM 2 340B, higher than PaLM 2 340B MMLU=78.3), 32k context window. API only (not open source).
https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-large/
Hanooman Reliance 40 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 11 Indian languages like Hindi, Tamil, and Marathi
https://www.hanooman.ai/
Ask Apple 20 🌋 Feb/2024 🔴 Internal employee model only
https://www.macrumors.com/2024/02/22/applecare-advisors-testing-new-ask-tool/
Reka Edge Reka AI https://chat.reka.ai/ 7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 MMLU=63.1
https://reka.ai/reka-flash-an-efficient-and-capable-multimodal-language-model/
Reka Flash Reka AI https://poe.com/RekaFlash 21 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 MMLU=73.5, but my testing shows very poor performance equiv with tiny model
https://reka.ai/reka-flash-an-efficient-and-capable-multimodal-language-model/
Gemma Google DeepMind https://labs.pplx.ai/ 7 6000 858: 0.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2024 🟡 MMLU=64.3 (Llama 2 70B=68.9, ChatGPT 20B=70). Text only. Probably dense. Largest trained dataset (6T) besides frontier models.
https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/gemma/gemma-report.pdf
Gemini 1.5 Pro Google DeepMind https://aistudio.google.com/app/waitlist/97445851
1500 30000 20: 22.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2024 🟡 Sparse MoE, Pro is the smaller model. MMLU=81.9. Context window=1M and 10M for research
https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/gemini/gemini_v1_5_report.pdf
Qwen-1.5 Alibaba https://huggingface.co/spaces/Qwen/Qwen1.5-72B-Chat
72 3000 42: 1.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 MMLU=77.5
https://qwenlm.github.io/blog/qwen1.5/
GOODY-2 BRAIN https://www.goody2.ai/chat 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 Satire (and hilarious). Probably Llama 2 with aggressive prompt. Wired interview: https://archive.md/toxHq
https://www.goody2.ai/goody2-modelcard.pdf
Natural-SQL-7B ChatDB 7 2000 286: 0.4 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 Based on DeepSeek-Coder 6.7B.
https://huggingface.co/chatdb/natural-sql-7b
Sea-Lion AI Singapore https://aisingapore.org/aiproducts/sea-lion/
7.5 980 131: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 MPT base. MMLU=26.87. Southeast Asian languages like Thai, Vietnamese and Bahasa Indonesia. https://www.computerweekly.com/feature/Sea-Lion-explained-Southeast-Asias-first-large-language-model
https://huggingface.co/aisingapore/sealion7b
TimesFM Google 0.2 100 500: 0.0 🆆 🌋 Feb/2024 🔴 Time-series forecasting only. 'a large pretraining corpus of 100B real world time-points' may be more than 100B tokens.
https://blog.research.google/2024/02/a-decoder-only-foundation-model-for.html
OLMo Allen AI https://huggingface.co/allenai/OLMo-7B 7 2500 358: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2024 🟢 Open Language Model (OLMo)
https://allenai.org/olmo/olmo-paper.pdf
FLOR-6.3B Cerebras https://huggingface.co/projecte-aina/FLOR-6.3B
6.3 481 77: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 Spanish, Catalan. Bloom-7.1B (341B tok) + continued pre-training on 140B tok. Trained on Cerebras hardware.
https://www.cerebras.net/press-release/cerebras-systems-and-barcelona-supercomputing-center-train-industry-leading-multilingual-spanish-catalan-english-llm
Weaver AIWaves.cn https://www.wawawriter.com/ 34 2018 60: 0.9 📚 Jan/2024 🟢 Llama? 'All Weaver models are initialized from powerful open-source LLMs.' English waitlist: https://www.wawawriter.com/en/
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.17268
miqu 70b Mistral AI https://huggingface.co/miqudev/miqu-1-70b
70 3000 43: 1.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 Leaked, proper version soon: https://venturebeat.com/ai/mistral-ceo-confirms-leak-of-new-open-source-ai-model-nearing-gpt-4-performance/
https://huggingface.co/miqudev/miqu-1-70b
iFlytekSpark-13B iFlyTek https://gitee.com/iflytekopensource/iFlytekSpark-13B
13 3000 231: 0.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 MMLU=63.02. 'pre-trained on a massive high-quality data set with a total of more than 3 trillion tokens, and then fine-tuned on fine-tuned diversified alignment data.'
https://www.ithome.com/0/748/030.htm
Xinghuo 3.5 (Spark) iFlyTek 200 4000 20: 3.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 GPT-4 competitor. https://www.shine.cn/biz/tech/2401304331/
https://www.laitimes.com/en/article/6f50u_6vhbm.html
MGIE Apple https://github.com/tsujuifu/pytorch_mgie
7 2000 286: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 MLLM and diffusion model initialized from LLaVA-7B (Llama 2 + Vicuna) + StableDiffusion-v1.5.
https://openreview.net/forum?id=S1RKWSyZ2Y
CodeLlama-70B Meta AI https://huggingface.co/codellama/CodeLlama-70b-hf
70 2000 29: 1.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 Paper link is to 34B from Aug/2023. This 70B model finished training Jan/2024.
https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/code-llama-open-foundation-models-for-code/
RWKV-v5 Eagle 7B RWKV https://huggingface.co/spaces/BlinkDL/RWKV-Gradio-2
7.52 1100 147: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 Built on the RWKV-v5 architecture (a linear transformer with 10-100x+ lower inference cost), Trained on 1.1 Trillion Tokens across 100+ languages. Original paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.13048
https://blog.rwkv.com/p/eagle-7b-soaring-past-transformers
MaLA-500 LMU https://huggingface.co/MaLA-LM/mala-500
10 2000 200: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 Extends Llama 2 7B to 10B using 534 languages.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.13303
MambaByte Cornell https://github.com/kyegomez/MambaByte
0.972 37.5 39: 0.0 📚🌋 Jan/2024 🔴 Used bytes instead of tokens. 4 bytes≈1 token, so 150B bytes≈37.5B tokens
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.13660
DeepSeek-Coder DeepSeek-AI https://coder.deepseek.com/ 33 2000 61: 0.9 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 surpasses existing closed-source models like Codex and GPT-3.5... permissive license that allows for both research and unrestricted commercial use.'
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.14196
FuseLLM Tencent https://github.com/fanqiwan/FuseLLM 7 2000 286: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 Fusion of Llama-2-7B (2T tok), OpenLLaMA-7B (2T tok), and MPT-7B (1T tok).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.10491
Fuyu-Heavy Adept 120 5000 42: 2.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟡 Fuyu-Heavy is the world’s third-most-capable multimodal model, behind only GPT4-V and Gemini Ultra, which are 10-20 times bigger.' Token estimate is based on Adept Persimmon-8B using many more tokens.
https://www.adept.ai/blog/adept-fuyu-heavy
GLM-4 Zhipu AI (Tsinghua) https://open.bigmodel.cn/ 200 4000 20: 3.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 Best Chinese model to date based on analysis. Follows OpenAI roadmap. MMLU=81.5. 'hundreds of billions of parameters' https://www.chatglm.cn/
https://pandaily.com/zhipu-ai-unveils-glm-4-model-with-advanced-performance-paralleling-gpt-4/
DeepSeekMoE DeepSeek-AI 16 2000 125: 0.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🔴 MoE activated parameters is 10-15% of dense, so I need to rethink ALScore for MoE. 'preliminary efforts to scale up DeepSeekMoE to 145B'
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.06066
DeepSeek DeepSeek-AI https://chat.deepseek.com/ 67 2000 30: 1.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 Chinese/English. Outperforms Llama 2. MMLU=71.3 outperforms GPT-3.5.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.02954
LLaMA Pro Tencent https://huggingface.co/TencentARC/LLaMA-Pro-8B
8.3 2080 251: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 We pre-train LLAMA PRO’s expanded blocks on 80B tokens using open-source code and math data for 2830 GPU Hours (16 NVIDIA H800 GPUs for about 7 days).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.02415
TinyLlama SUTD/Independent https://github.com/jzhang38/TinyLlama 1.1 3000 2,728: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🟢 Overtrained' using 2,727 tokens per parameter. Dataset was 1T: 3 epochs to 3T seen. Singapore
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.02385
DocLLM JPMorgan 7 2000 286: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jan/2024 🔴 Document spatial layout structure.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.00908
Unified-IO 2 Allen AI https://unified-io-2.allenai.org/ 7 1000 143: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 600TB dataset (plus 120+ fine-tuning datasets) includes '1B imagetext pairs, 1T text tokens, 180M video clips, 130M interleaved image & text, 3M 3D assets, and 1M agent trajectories.'
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.17172
WaveCoder-DS-6.7BMicrosoft 6.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🔴 To obtain WaveCoder models, We choose StarCoder-15B, CodeLLaMa (7B and 13B), DeepseekCoder-6.7B as the base model and fine-tune all the base model for 3 epochs
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.14187
YunShan Huawei 7 1748 250: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🔴 Finance + law fine-tune of PanGu-π
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.17276
PanGu-Pi Huawei 7 1600 229: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🔴 Dense, named PanGu-π
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.17276
YAYI 2 Wenge https://huggingface.co/wenge-research/yayi2-30b
30 2650 89: 0.9 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 MMLU=80.5. Dataset=240TB filtered to 10.6TB for 2.65T tokens
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.14862
Emu2 BAAI https://baaivision.github.io/emu2/37 4 1: 0.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 VLM. Gemini clone. Outperforms Flamingo 80B. The Pile for text, but only sampled 3.6B tokens (1.4% of the dataset).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.13286
MedLM Google DeepMind https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/docs/generative-ai/model-reference/medlm 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟡 Available to 'white-listed' orgs only.
https://cloud.google.com/static/vertex-ai/docs/generative-ai/medlm/MedLM-model-card.pdf
SOLAR-10.7B Upstage AI https://huggingface.co/upstage/SOLAR-10.7B-v1.0
10.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 South Korean. Llama-2 arch. SOTA for its size (Dec/2023).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.15166
DeciLM-7B Deci https://console.deci.ai/infery-llm-demo
7.04 200 29: 0.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 4.4x times faster than Mistral. English only.
https://deci.ai/blog/introducing-DeciLM-7b-the-fastest-and-most-accurate-7b-large-language-model-to-date
Mistral-medium Mistral AI https://poe.com/ 180 3500 20: 2.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 MMLU=75.3% (GPT-3.5-turbo 20B=70%, Llama 2 70B=68.9%)
https://mistral.ai/news/la-plateforme/
mixtral-8x7b-32kseqMistral AI https://www.together.ai/blog/mixtral46.7 8000 172: 2.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 MoE=7Bx8, aka mistral-small. 'Concretely, Mixtral has 45B total parameters but only uses 12B parameters per token. It, therefore, processes input and generates output at the same speed and for the same cost as a 12B model.'
https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.04088
StripedHyena 7B Together https://api.together.xyz/playground/language/togethercomputer/StripedHyena-Hessian-7B
7.65 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 RedPajama (C4), new arch beyond just Transformers
https://www.together.ai/blog/stripedhyena-7b
NexusRaven-V2 13B Nexusflow.ai https://huggingface.co/spaces/Nexusflow/NexusRaven-V2-Demo 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 Based on CodeLlama. 'surpasses GPT-4 by up to 7% in function calling success rates in human-generated use cases involving nested and composite functions.'
https://github.com/nexusflowai/NexusRaven-V2/tree/master
Gemini Ultra 1.0 Google DeepMind https://deepmind.google/technologies/gemini/
1500 30000 20: 22.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 Chinchilla (20:1), dense, maybe 600B-2000T.
https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/gemini/gemini_1_report.pdf
Mamba CMU https://huggingface.co/havenhq/mamba-chat
2.8 300 108: 0.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 The Pile, new arch beyond just Transformers
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.00752
LVM-3B Berkeley/JHU 3 420 140: 0.1 🖼 Dec/2023 🔴 Paper is 25MB. First Large Vision Model (LVM); no text. Based on Llama and LAION 5B (1.49B).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.00785
SeaLLM-13b Alibaba https://github.com/damo-nlp-sg/seallms13 2000 154: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2023 🟢 Llama 2 for Southeast Asian (SEA) languages: Vietnamese 🇻🇳, Indonesian 🇮🇩, Thai 🇹🇭, Malay 🇲🇾, Khmer🇰🇭, Lao🇱🇦, Tagalog🇵🇭 and Burmese🇲🇲
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.00738
pplx-70b-online Perplexity https://labs.perplexity.ai/ 70 2000 29: 1.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Web access. Higher 'freshness' and 'truth' scores.
https://blog.perplexity.ai/blog/introducing-pplx-online-llms
SeamlessM4T-LargeMeta AI https://seamless.metademolab.com/expressive/
2.3 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Based on NLLB and older models. https://github.com/facebookresearch/seamless_communication
https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/seamless-multilingual-expressive-and-streaming-speech-translation/
Q-Transformer Google DeepMind https://qtransformer.github.io/ 🌋 Nov/2023 🔴 Robotics, builds on RT-1
https://qtransformer.github.io/assets/qtransformer.pdf
Yuan 2.0 IEIT https://github.com/IEIT-Yuan/Yuan-2.0/blob/main/README-EN.md
102.6 288 3: 0.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Chinese + EN dataset include The Pile: DM, arxiv, wikipedia, book3, stack exchange, Freelaw and medical
https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.15786
MEDITRON EPFL https://huggingface.co/epfl-llm/meditron-70b
70 2000 29: 1.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Llama 2 trained on med data using NVIDIA Megatron-LM. "outperforms Llama-2-70B, GPT-3.5 (text-davinci-003, 8-shot), and Flan-PaLM on multiple medical reasoning tasks."
https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.16079
Transformers-ArithmMicrosoft 0.1 0.3 3: 0.0 ⬆ Nov/2023 🔴 Proving maths is not memorized. Uses GPT-2-style model. Sébastien Bubeck
https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.14737
Starling-7B Berkeley https://huggingface.co/berkeley-nest/Starling-LM-7B-alpha
7 2000 286: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Llama 2 7B -> OpenChat 7B -> Starling-7B (RLAIF)
https://starling.cs.berkeley.edu/
Inflection-2 Inflection AI https://inflection.ai/inflection-2 1200 20000 17: 16.3 🆆 📚 ⬆ 🕸 Nov/2023 🟢 “now the 2nd best LLM in the world”. Finished training 19/Nov/2023, waiting for fine-tuning and release.
https://inflection.ai/inflection-2
Claude 2.1 Anthropic https://claude.ai/ 130 2500 20: 1.9 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Less hallucinations, 200k context length, tool use
https://www.anthropic.com/index/claude-2-1
TÜLU 2 Allen AI https://huggingface.co/allenai/tulu-2-dpo-70b
70 2000 29: 1.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Llama 2 finetune with RLHF direct preference optimization (DPO).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.10702
Orca 2 Microsoft 13 2001 154: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟡 Llama 2 13B (2T) -> Orca 2 (GPT-4 finetune). Still an imitation model, overhyped: The False Promise of Imitating Proprietary LLMs https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.15717
https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.11045
Phi-2 Microsoft https://ml.azure.com/model/catalog 2.7 1400 519: 0.2 🕸 synthetic Nov/2023 🟢 https://twitter.com/SebastienBubeck/status/1724854157004190095
https://huggingface.co/microsoft/phi-2
Florence-2 Microsoft 0.771 🌋 Nov/2023 🔴 VLM
https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.06242
Mirasol3B Google DeepMind 3 🌋 Nov/2023 🔴 Combiner + autoregressive transformer for video/audio/text
https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.05698
OtterHD-8B NTU https://github.com/Luodian/Otter 8 737 93: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Evolution of Persimmon-9.3B and Fuyu 8B
https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.04219
Gauss Samsung https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2023-11-08/business/tech/Samsung-unveils-generative-AI-model-Gauss/1908889
7? Nov/2023 🟡 Gauss Language specializing in generating texts, Gauss Code on software and code description and Gauss Image for image creation.
https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2023-11-08/business/tech/Samsung-unveils-generative-AI-model-Gauss/1908889
Grok-1 xAI https://grok.x.ai/ 70? 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Context window=8192. UI: https://twitter.com/TobyPhln/status/1721053802235621734
https://x.ai/model-card/
Grok-0 xAI https://grok.x.ai/ 33 2000 61: 0.9 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🔴 Announced Nov/2023, trained Jul/2023
https://web.archive.org/web/20231105051542/https://x.ai/
Yi-34B 01-ai https://huggingface.co/01-ai/Yi-34B 34.4 3000 88: 1.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2023 🟢 Controversy about Llama 2 base. https://twitter.com/kaifulee/status/1724673131875377465 MMLU=76.3 (PaLM 2=78.3) Outperforms Llama 2. Chinese and English. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-11-05/kai-fu-lee-s-open-source-01-ai-bests-llama-2-according-to-hugging-face
https://github.com/01-ai/Yi
jina-embeddings-v2 Jina AI https://huggingface.co/jinaai/jina-embeddings-v2-base-en
0.435 🕸 Oct/2023 🟢 Alternative to text-embedding-ada-002. Related v1 paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.11224
https://jina.ai/news/jina-ai-launches-worlds-first-open-source-8k-text-embedding-rivaling-openai/
Fuyu Adept https://huggingface.co/adept/fuyu-8b 8 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Oct/2023 🟢 VLM. 8B available under open licence, Medium size is closed
https://www.adept.ai/blog/fuyu-8b
ERNIE 4.0 Baidu https://yiyan.baidu.com/ 1000 20000 14.9 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Oct/2023 🟡 Dense (confirmed). English-dubbed launch video (2h52m): https://twitter.com/i/broadcasts/1yNGaZaeallJj & https://youtu.be/wYozcsavRuM
https://reuters.com/technology/chinas-baidu-unveils-latest-version-its-ernie-ai-model-2023-10-17/
Zephyr Hugging Face H4 https://huggingface.co/HuggingFaceH4/zephyr-7b-alpha
7.3 800 110: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Oct/2023 🟢 Mistral with 'aligned' data removed from dataset
https://huggingface.co/HuggingFaceH4/zephyr-7b-alpha
PaLI-3 Google DeepMind 5 🌋 Oct/2023 🔴 VLM. Next iteration of PaLI via Pathways. https://lifearchitect.ai/pathways/
https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.09199
Retro 48B NVIDIA 48 1200 25: 0.8 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Oct/2023 🟢 the largest LLM pretrained with retrieval before instruction tuning.'
https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.07713
Ferret Apple https://github.com/apple/ml-ferret13 2000 154: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Oct/2023 🟢 Vicuna base, multimodal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.07704
Lemur XLANG Lab https://github.com/OpenLemur/Lemur 70 2090 30: 1.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Oct/2023 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.06830
https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.06830
AceGPT KAUST/Shenzhen https://huggingface.co/FreedomIntelligence/AceGPT-13B
13 2010 155: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Oct/2023 🟢 Arabic. Llama 2 + RLAIF
https://github.com/FreedomIntelligence/AceGPT/tree/main
Yasa-1 Reka AI https://reka.ai/announcing-our-multimodal-ai-assistant/ 🌋 Oct/2023 🟡 Multi-modal. No public arch info. Researchers from DeepMind, Google, Baidu and Meta building enterprise models
https://reka.ai/product/
RT-X Google DeepMind https://robotics-transformer-x.github.io/ 55 🌋 Oct/2023 🟢 Robotics using UL2. 'RT-1 model trained using the robotic data mixture as RT-1-X, and the RT-2 model trained using the robotic data mixture as RT-2-X.'
https://robotics-transformer-x.github.io/paper.pdf
MotionLM Waymo 0.09 🌋 Sep/2023 🔴 LLM for autonomous vehicle forecasting. https://youtu.be/jrMMNmN21I8?t=1560
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.16534
GAIA-1 Wayve https://wayve.ai/thinking/scaling-gaia-1/
9 🌋 Sep/2023 🔴 World model, generates video. Uses T5-large 770M for language + all vision parameters
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.17080
Qwen Alibaba https://huggingface.co/Qwen 72 3000 42: 1.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Chinese. Full name is 'Tongyi Qianwen' 通义千问. 'Lags behind both GPT-3.5 and GPT-4'. Originally 7B/14B params Apr/2023
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.16609
Llama 2 Long Meta AI 70 2400 35: 1.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🔴 Unreleased to date. Context window=32,768 tokens (compare to Llama 2=4096 tokens)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.16039
LeoLM Hessian AI/LAION https://huggingface.co/LeoLM/leo-hessianai-13b
13 2065 159: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Llama 2 'extended' and pretrained on 2000B Llama 2 tokens + 65B tokens of German
https://laion.ai/blog/leo-lm/
Mistral 7B Mistral AI https://huggingface.co/mistralai 7.3 800 110: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Apache 2.0, Sliding Window Attention (SWA) to handle longer sequences at smaller cost
https://mistral.ai/news/announcing-mistral-7b/
Kosmos-2.5 Microsoft 1.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🔴 https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.11419
Baichuan 2 Baichuan https://github.com/baichuan-inc/Baichuan2/blob/main/README_EN.md
13 2600 200: 0.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Great paper. Chinese-English bilingual dataset
https://cdn.baichuan-ai.com/paper/Baichuan2-technical-report.pdf
BOLT2.5B ThirdAI https://huggingface.co/spaces/thirdai/BOLT2.5B
2.5 40 16: 0.0 🕸 Sep/2023 🟢 CPU trained
https://medium.com/thirdai-blog/introducing-the-worlds-first-generative-llm-pre-trained-only-on-cpus-meet-thirdai-s-bolt2-5b-10c0600e1af4
DeciLM Deci https://huggingface.co/Deci/DeciLM-6b5.7 200 36: 0.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Faster inference (4.8× throughput of Llama 2)
https://deci.ai/blog/decilm-15-times-faster-than-llama2-nas-generated-llm-with-variable-gqa/
MoLM IBM https://github.com/ibm/moduleformer 8 300 38: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 ModuleFormer is based on the Sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.04640
NExT-GPT Singapore https://next-gpt.github.io/ 7 1000 143: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Multimodal. Vicuna 7B + other modalities
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.05519
Phi-1.5 Microsoft https://huggingface.co/microsoft/phi-1_5
1.3 150 116: 0.0 📚 Sep/2023 🟢 Textbooks only. 30B-token dataset
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.05463
UniLM Apple https://jackcook.com/2023/09/08/predictive-text.html
0.034 1 30: 0.0 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Apple's Transformer model for iOS 17 + macOS Sonoma. Announce is actually Jun/2023. GPT-2 base? 128 token context window
https://github.com/jackcook/predictive-spy
Persimmon-8B Adept https://www.adept.ai/blog/persimmon-8b 8 737 93: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Open Apache license and publicly accessible weights.
https://github.com/persimmon-ai-labs/adept-inference
FLM-101B BAAI https://huggingface.co/CofeAI/FLM-101B
101 245 3: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Train for $100k compute budget (on a cluster of 24 DGX-A800 GPU 8×80G servers for 21 days)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.03852
Falcon 180B TII https://huggingface.co/spaces/tiiuae/falcon-180b-demo
180 3500 20: 2.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 MMLU=70.6. Major milestone for open source models (largest open dense model to date).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.16867
Hunyuan Tencent https://www.tencent.com/en-us/articles/2201685.html
100 2000 20: 1.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.01723v1
phi-CTNL Independent 0.1 0.01 1: 0.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2023 🟢 Satire. MMLU=100. 'phi-CTNL (pronounced “fictional”) that achieves perfect results across diverse academic benchmarks'
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.08632
Jais Inception https://huggingface.co/inception-mbzuai
13 395 31: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Aug/2023 🟢 Arabic, trained in Abu Dhabi, UAE using Cerebras.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.16149
Code Llama 34B Meta AI https://github.com/facebookresearch/codellama
34 2600 77: 1.0 🆆 🕸 Aug/2023 🟢 Outperforms GPT-3.5. Initial Llama 2 (2T tokens) trained on 500B tokens of code, 100B tokens of python
https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/code-llama-open-foundation-models-for-code/
IDEFICS Hugging Face https://huggingface.co/spaces/HuggingFaceM4/idefics_playground
80 🆆🕸 Aug/2023 🟢 Clone of Flamingo using Llama-1 65B. Named after Asterix and Obelix's dog Idefix (Image-aware Decoder Enhanced à la Flamingo with Interleaved Cross-attentionS)
https://huggingface.co/blog/idefics
Raven UI/NVIDIA 11 40 4: 0.1 🆆 🕸 Aug/2023 🔴 RAG Atlas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.07922
DukunLM AzaleAI https://huggingface.co/azale-ai/DukunLM-13B-V1.0-Uncensored
13 1500 116: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Aug/2023 🟢 Indonesian fine-tune of WizardLM (which is a Llama fine-tune).
https://huggingface.co/azale-ai/DukunLM-13B-V1.0-Uncensored
WizardLM Microsoft https://huggingface.co/WizardLM/WizardLM-70B-V1.0
70 2000 29: 1.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Aug/2023 🟢 Assume Llama-2 fine-tune. Outperforms text-davinci-003. May merge this entry with the Apr/2023 7B release
https://github.com/nlpxucan/WizardLM
Platypus Boston University https://platypus-llm.github.io/ 70 2000 29: 1.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Aug/2023 🟢 Fine-tune of Llama 2, family includes merges with Beluga, Dolphin, and Camel fine-tunes.
https://platypus-llm.github.io/Platypus.pdf
Japanese StableLM Stability AI https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/japanese-stablelm-base-alpha-7b
7 750 108: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Aug/2023 🟢 Best-performing openly available language model for Japanese speakers.
https://stability.ai/blog/stability-ai-new-jplm-japanese-language-model-stablelm
StableCode Stability AI https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stablecode-completion-alpha-3b-4k
3 560 187: 0.1 🌋 Aug/2023 🟢 Context window=16,384. Trained on The Stack dataset.
https://stability.ai/blog/stablecode-llm-generative-ai-coding
Med-Flamingo Stanford https://github.com/snap-stanford/med-flamingo
8.3 1000 121: 0.3 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 Uses LAION OpenFlamingo 9B, based on LLaMA-7B text + 1.3B vision
https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.15189
Alfred-40B-0723 LightOn https://huggingface.co/lightonai/alfred-40b-0723
40 1000 25: 0.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 First finetuned version of Falcon with RLHF. Enterprise: https://www.lighton.ai/paradigm
https://www.lighton.ai/blog/lighton-s-blog-4/introducing-alfred-40b-0723-38
LLaMA-2-7B-32K Together https://huggingface.co/togethercomputer/LLaMA-2-7B-32K
7 2000 286: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 32k context window instead of 4k (Llama 2)
https://together.ai/blog/llama-2-7b-32k
Med-PaLM M Google DeepMind 540 780 2: 2.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Jul/2023 🔴 Uses PaLM 1. Already outperformed by Med-PaLM 2. Med-PaLM Multimodal (Med-PaLM M).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.14334
BTLM-3B-8K Cerebras https://huggingface.co/cerebras/btlm-3b-8k-base
3 627 209: 0.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 Runs on devices with as little as 3GB of memory [iPhone, Macbook] when quantized to 4-bit
https://www.cerebras.net/blog/btlm-3b-8k-7b-performance-in-a-3-billion-parameter-model/
Stable Beluga 2 Stability AI https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/FreeWilly2
70 2000 29: 1.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 Fine-tuned Llama 2. Non-commercial use license. Codename was FreeWilly2
https://stability.ai/blog/stable-beluga-large-instruction-fine-tuned-models
Stable Beluga 1 Stability AI https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/FreeWilly1-Delta-SafeTensor
65 1400 22: 1.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 Fine-tuned LLaMA-1. Non-commercial use license. Codename was FreeWilly1
https://stability.ai/blog/stable-beluga-large-instruction-fine-tuned-models
Meta-Transformer Shanghai AI Labora https://github.com/invictus717/MetaTransformer
2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 Proto-AGI. 12 modalities (text, image, point cloud, audio, video, infrared, hyperspectral, X-ray, time-series, tabular, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), and graph data).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.10802
Llama 2 Meta AI https://www.llama2.ai/ 70 2000 29: 1.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 Context window=4096. MMLU=68.9 (GPT-3.5=70.0, GPT-4=86.4)
https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/llama-2-open-foundation-and-fine-tuned-chat-models/
WormGPT (Undisclosed) 6 402 67: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟡 GPT-J (2021) finetune/module.
https://slashnext.com/blog/wormgpt-the-generative-ai-tool-cybercriminals-are-using-to-launch-business-email-compromise-attacks/
Claude 2 Anthropic https://claude.ai/ 130 2500 20: 1.9 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 More HHH, 200k context length
https://www-files.anthropic.com/production/images/Model-Card-Claude-2.pdf
LongLLaMA IDEAS/DeepMind https://github.com/CStanKonrad/long_llama 7 1000 143: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 256k context length
https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.03170
xTrimoPGLM Tsinghua 100 1000 10: 1.1 🌋 Jul/2023 🔴 Protein language model
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.07.05.547496v1
XGen Salesforce https://github.com/salesforce/xgen 7 1500 215: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 8K sequence length. Released under Apache-2.0.
https://blog.salesforceairesearch.com/xgen/
Zhinao (Intellectual 360 https://ai.360.com/ 100 2000 20: 1.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jul/2023 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.01723v1
Yasa Reka AI https://reka.ai/product/ Jun/2023 🟡 No public arch info. Researchers from DeepMind, Google, Baidu and Meta building enterprise models
https://reka.ai/product/
Kosmos-2 Microsoft https://44e505515af066f4.gradio.app/ 1.6 360 225: 0.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jun/2023 🟢 Proto-AGI. Multimodal large language model (MLLM). a multimodal large language model with grounding capability built upon KOSMOS-1
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.14824
AudioPaLM Google https://google-research.github.io/seanet/audiopalm/examples/
340 3600 11: 3.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Jun/2023 🔴 a unified multimodal architecture that can process and generate text and speech with applications including speech recognition and speech-to-speech translation
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.12925
Inflection-1 Inflection AI https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScM9Iz1KzaRlfgDrYrldoPDnXbhO5LW3-hqmQCd56YpheEN7g/viewform
120 2000 17: 1.6 🆆 📚 ⬆ 🕸 Jun/2023 🟢 Comparable with benchmarking results from InternLM 104B, 1-2% better. ‘Inflection-1 was trained using thousands of NVIDIA H100 GPUs on a very large dataset.’
https://inflection.ai/assets/Inflection-1_0622.pdf
Phi-1 Microsoft 1.3 51 40: 0.0 📚 Jun/2023 🔴 Code model. ‘breaking existing scaling laws by training a 1.3B-parameter model, which we call phi-1, for roughly 8 passes over 7B tokens (slightly over 50B total tokens seen) followed by finetuning on less than 200M tokens.’
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.11644
InternLM Shanghai AI Labora https://internlm-org.translate.goog/?_x_tr_sl=zh&_x_tr_tl=en
104 1600 16: 1.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jun/2023 🔴 Outperforms ChatGPT, LLaMA on RACE-h, Chinese + English
https://github.com/InternLM/InternLM-techreport
BlenderBot 3x Meta AI https://parl.ai/projects/bb3x/ 175 300 2: 0.8 🆆 📚 ⬆ 🕸 Jun/2023 🟢 OPT-175B with new dialogue data
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.04707
Orca Microsoft https://aka.ms/orca-lm 13 1000 77: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jun/2023 🟡 LLaMA -> Vicuna -> Orca (GPT-4 finetune). Still an imitation model, overhyped: The False Promise of Imitating Proprietary LLMs https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.15717
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.02707
PassGPT ETH Zürich 🌋 Jun/2023 🔴 GPT-2 trained on leaked passwords
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01545
DIDACT Google DeepMind 37900 🌋 Jun/2023 🔴 Iterative coding model trained on Google's monorepo. Jacob: https://twitter.com/jacobaustin132/status/1663972128176128002
https://ai.googleblog.com/2023/05/large-sequence-models-for-software.html
LTM-1 Magic https://magic.dev/blog/ltm-1 🌋 Jun/2023 🔴 Context window=5M
https://magic.dev/blog/ltm-1
GPT-4 MathMix OpenAI 1800 13000 8: 16.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2023 🔴 Unreleased, includes step by step research
https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.20050
PandaGPT Cambridge/Tencenthttps://panda-gpt.github.io/ 13 1000 77: 0.4 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2023 🟢 Proto-AGI. 6 modalities (text, image/video, audio, depth, thermal, and IMU/accelerometer/gyroscope/compass). Based on Vicuna.
https://github.com/yxuansu/PandaGPT/blob/main/PandaGPT.pdf
Falcon TII TS 40 1000 25: 0.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2023 🟢 Abu Dhabi
https://www.tii.ae/news/uaes-technology-innovation-institute-launches-open-source-falcon-40b-large-language-model
202305-refact2b-mqa Refact https://refact.ai/blog/2023/applying-recent-innovations-to-train-model/
1.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2023 🟡 LiON vs Adam, code, RedPajama+The Stack
https://refact.ai/blog/2023/applying-recent-innovations-to-train-model/
Guanaco UW https://huggingface.co/spaces/uwnlp/guanaco-playground-tgi
65 1400 22: 1.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2023 🟢 LLaMA-65B via QLoRA
https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.14314
LIMA Meta AI 65 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2023 🔴 LLaMA-65B with nearly no fine-tuning, no RLHF
https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.11206
Formosa (FFM) Asus/TWS 176 366 3: 0.8 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2023 🟡 BLOOMZ finetune? Chinese, Taiwan's first LLM. Subscription hardware: https://archive.md/cVdJt
https://www.asus.com/news/xxifirl2s2tzesl0/
CodeT5+ Salesforce https://huggingface.co/Salesforce/codet5p-16b
16 🕸🌋 May/2023 🟢 InstructCodeT5+ 16B sets new SoTA results of 35.0% pass@1 and 54.5% pass@10 against other open code LLMs, even surpassing the closed-source OpenAI code-cushman-001'
https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.07922
PaLM 2 Google https://console.cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/generative/language/create/chat
340 3600 11: 3.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 May/2023 🟢 “What we found in our work is that it’s not really the sort of size of model — that the larger is not always better,” Deepmind VP Zoubin Ghahramani said in a press briefing ahead of today’s announcement. “That’s why we’ve provided a family of models of different sizes. We think that actually parameter count is not really a useful way of thinking about the capabilities of models and capabilities are really to be judged by people using the models and finding out whether they’re useful in the tests that they try to achieve with these models.”
https://ai.google/static/documents/palm2techreport.pdf
StarCoder HF/ServiceNow https://huggingface.co/bigcode/starcoderbase
15.5 1000 65: 0.4 🌋 May/2023 🟢 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cN-b9GnWtHzQRoE7M7gAEyivY0kl4BYs/view
MPT MosaicML https://huggingface.co/mosaicml/mpt-7b 7 1000 143: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2023 🟢 Llongboi' -Apache 2.0 license suitable for commercial use. -Base 7B LLM trained on 1T tokens outperforms LLaMA and GPT3. -64K+ context length. -$200k to train from scratch.
https://twitter.com/NaveenGRao/status/1654496162492084227
Pi Inflection AI https://pi.ai/talk 60? 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 May/2023 🟢 No indication of params/tokens. Devs from DeepMind.
https://www-cnbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/www.cnbc.com/amp/2022/03/08/reid-hoffman-has-set-up-a-new-ai-company-with-deepminds-co-founder.html
GPT-2B-001 NVIDIA https://huggingface.co/nvidia/GPT-2B-001
2 1100 550: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2023 🟢 No paper yet
https://huggingface.co/nvidia/GPT-2B-001
Titan Amazon https://aws.amazon.com/bedrock/titan/ 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Apr/2023 🟢 No official information at all
https://www.techrepublic.com/article/amazon-bedrock-titan-cloud-artificial-intelligence/
WizardLM Microsoft https://6f8173a3550ed441ab.gradio.live/7 1000 143: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Apr/2023 🟢 LLaMA 7B self-instructed fine-tune.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.12244
MPT MosaicML https://huggingface.co/mosaicml/mpt-1b-redpajama-200b-dolly
1.3 200 154: 0.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Apr/2023 🟢 More 1B models coming with different datasets. Many more.
https://twitter.com/jefrankle/status/1649060478910357504
StableLM Stability AI https://huggingface.co/spaces/stabilityai/stablelm-tuned-alpha-chat
65 1500 24: 1.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Apr/2023 🟢 contains 1.5 trillion tokens, roughly 3x the size of The Pile. These models will be trained on up to 1.5 trillion tokens. The context length for these models is 4096 tokens.
https://github.com/stability-AI/stableLM/
Dolly 2.0 Databricks https://huggingface.co/databricks/dolly-v2-12b
12 300 25: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Apr/2023 🟢 Fine-tuned Pythia 12B
https://www.databricks.com/blog/2023/04/12/dolly-first-open-commercially-viable-instruction-tuned-llm
Pythia EleutherAI https://huggingface.co/EleutherAI/pythia-12b
12 300 25: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Apr/2023 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.01373
Koala-13B Berkeley https://chat.lmsys.org/?model=koala-13b
13 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Apr/2023 🟢 LLaMA base. Academic licence only.
https://bair.berkeley.edu/blog/2023/04/03/koala/
C1.2 Character.ai https://blog.character.ai/character-ai/
33 1000 31: 0.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Mar/2023 🟢 No details released.
https://blog.character.ai/character-ai/
BloombergGPT Bloomberg 50 569 12: 0.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Mar/2023 🔴 Video: https://youtu.be/m2Scj2SO85Y Underperforms GPT-3, based on BLOOM. Tokens: 'We select a model size motivated by Hoffmann et al. (2022) and train a 50 billion parameter model on 569 billion tokens from our corpus of over 700 billion tokens to produce a model that is competitive with larger models.'
https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.17564
OpenFlamingo-9B LAION https://huggingface.co/openflamingo/OpenFlamingo-9B
8.3 1000 121: 0.3 🕸 🌋 Mar/2023 🟢 Uses LLaMA-7B. Demo: https://7164d2142d11.ngrok.app/
https://laion.ai/blog/open-flamingo/
GPT4All-LoRa Nomic https://github.com/nomic-ai/gpt4all7 1000 143: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Mar/2023 🟢 chatbot trained on ~800k GPT-3.5-Turbo Generations based on LLaMa
https://s3.amazonaws.com/static.nomic.ai/gpt4all/2023_GPT4All_Technical_Report.pdf
Cerebras-GPT Cerebras https://huggingface.co/cerebras 13 260 20: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Mar/2023 🟢 20:1 tokens to parameters as per https://lifearchitect.ai/chinchilla/
https://www.cerebras.net/blog/cerebras-gpt-a-family-of-open-compute-efficient-large-language-models/
PanGu-Sigma Huawei 1085 🌋 Mar/2023 🔴 Sparse. 1.085T parameters named PanGu-Σ.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10845
CoLT5 Google 5.2 🆀🅰 🕸 Mar/2023 🔴 up to 64k context window [48k words or about 96 pages -Alan]
https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.09752
Med-PaLM 2 Google DeepMind 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Mar/2023 🔴 Recently, our next iteration, Med-PaLM 2, consistently performed at an “expert” doctor level on medical exam questions, scoring 85%. This is an 18% improvement from Med-PaLM’s previous performance and far surpasses similar AI models.
https://blog.google/technology/health/ai-llm-medpalm-research-thecheckup/
GPT-4 OpenAI https://chat.openai.com/ 1760 13000 8: 15.9 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Mar/2023 🟢 Proto-AGI. Parameter + token count not released. 'Semafor spoke to eight people familiar with the inside story, and is revealing the details here for the first time... The latest language model, GPT-4, has 1 trillion parameters.' https://www.semafor.com/article/03/24/2023/the-secret-history-of-elon-musk-sam-altman-and-openai
https://cdn.openai.com/papers/gpt-4.pdf
Alpaca Stanford https://crfm.stanford.edu/alpaca/ 7 1000 143: 0.3 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Mar/2023 🟢 Stanford Alpaca: An Instruction-following LLaMA model'
https://github.com/tatsu-lab/stanford_alpaca
Jurassic-2 AI21 Studio 178 🆆📚⬆🕸 Mar/2023 🟢 https://www.ai21.com/blog/introducing-j2
GPT-NeoX-Chat-BaseTogether https://huggingface.co/spaces/togethercomputer/OpenChatKit
20 🆆📚⬆🕸🌋 Mar/2023 🟢 instruction-tuned 20 billion parameter language model, a 6 billion parameter moderation model, and an extensible retrieval system for including up-to-date responses from custom repositories. It was trained on the OIG-43M training dataset, which was a collaboration between Together, LAION, and Ontocord.ai. '
https://github.com/togethercomputer/OpenChatKit
Kosmos-1 Microsoft 1.6 360 225: 0.1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2023 🔴 Proto-AGI. Multimodal large language model (MLLM). Raven’s Progressive Matrices as real images, not digits as in testing of text-davinci-003 at https://lifearchitect.ai/ravens/
https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.14045
LLaMA-65B Meta AI Weights leaked: https://github.com/facebookresearch/llama/pull/73/files
65 1400 22: 1.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Feb/2023 🟢 Researchers only, noncommercial only. 'LLaMA-65B is competitive with the best models, Chinchilla70B and PaLM-540B.'
https://research.facebook.com/publications/llama-open-and-efficient-foundation-language-models/
MOSS Fudan University https://moss.fastnlp.top/ 16 430 27: 0.3 🕸 🌋 Feb/2023 🟢 Major bandwidth issues: https://www.reuters.com/technology/china-fudan-university-team-apologises-after-chatgpt-style-platform-crashes-2023-02-21/
https://txsun1997.github.io/blogs/moss.html
Palmyra Writer https://huggingface.co/models?search=palmyra
20 300 15: 0.3 🌋 Feb/2023 🟢 Only up to 5B available open-source 'trained on over 300 billion tokens of text data, and the size of the resulting model is over 20 billion parameters. ' https://writer.com/product/cowrite/
https://writer.com/blog/palmyra/
Luminous Supreme CAleph Alpha https://app.aleph-alpha.com/playground/completion
70 588 9: 0.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Feb/2023 🟢 ‘Control’ means instruction tuned
https://www.aleph-alpha.com/pdf/2023_02_AA_Benchmarks_doc.pdf
Toolformer+Atlas 1 Meta AI Replicated: https://github.com/conceptofmind/toolformer
6.7 402 60: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2023 🔴 Based on GPT-J 6.7B + access to other models via API
https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.04761
Multimodal-CoT Amazon https://github.com/amazon-science/mm-cot
0.738 🌋 Feb/2023 🟢 Models <1B with vision CoT
https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.00923
FLAME Microsoft 0.06 9 150: 0.0 🌋 Jan/2023 🔴 T5 for Excel formulas, very small 60M params, "We start from a dataset of 927M formulas" estimate 10x multiplier for 9B tokens
https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.13779
Med-PaLM 1 Google DeepMind 540 780 2: 2.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Dec/2022 🔴 Collab between Google & DeepMind. Makes 1% less errors than humans
https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.13138
OPT-IML Meta AI https://github.com/facebookresearch/metaseq/tree/main/projects/OPT-IML
175 300 2: 0.8 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 Dec/2022 🟢 Instruct
https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.12017
RL-CAI Anthropic 52 400 8: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Dec/2022 🔴 RLAIF=reinforcement learning with AI feedback
https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.08073
ERNIE-Code Baidu 0.56 🕸 Dec/2022 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.06742#baidu
RT-1 Google 0.035 🌋 Dec/2022 🔴 https://robotics-transformer.github.io/assets/rt1.pdf
ChatGPT (gpt-3.5-tuOpenAI https://chat.openai.com/ 20 🆆📚⬆🕸 Nov/2022 🟢 Instruct with strict policies ("extremely limited")
https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt
text-davinci-003 OpenAI https://chat.openai.com/ 🆆📚⬆🕸 Nov/2022 🟢 https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt
GPT-JT Together https://huggingface.co/spaces/togethercomputer/GPT-JT
6 🆆📚⬆🕸🌋 Nov/2022 🟢 https://www.together.xyz/blog/releasing-v1-of-gpt-jt-powered-by-open-source-ai
RWKV-4 RWKV https://huggingface.co/BlinkDL 14 332 24: 0.2 🆆 📚 ⬆ 🕸 🌋 Nov/2022 🟢 RNN, not transformer: https://www.reddit.com/r/MachineLearning/comments/yxt8sa/r_rwkv4_7b_release_an_attentionfree_rnn_language/
https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.13048
Galactica Meta AI https://galactica.org/ 120 450 4: 0.8 📚 Nov/2022 🟢 scientific only
https://galactica.org/static/paper.pdf
SED DeepMind 🕸 Nov/2022 🔴 SED 420M (diffusion text model)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.04236
mT0 BigScience https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/xmtf
13 1000 77: 0.4 🆀🅰 🕸 Nov/2022 🟢 fine-tuned
https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.01786
BLOOMZ BigScience https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/xmtf
176 366 3: 0.8 ⬆ 🕸 Nov/2022 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.01786
fine-tuned
PACT Microsoft https://github.com/microsoft/PACT 0.03 0.0 🌋 Oct/2022 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.11133
Trained on ~5TB data, 2GB model download. 'In general we see an improvement in model performance as we increase the number of training tokens. Interestingly, larger models did not necessarily result in better performance for robot navigation. Even though larger models consistently presented better loss values for action prediction on a static dataset, (Fig. 7 b), when it comes to real-time deployment the larger network capacity introduces inference delays that become a disadvantage and lead to earlier crashes. For example, while LiDAR perception measurements arrive to the vehicle every 0.077s (13Hz), the largest model of 24 layers takes on average 0.023s for inference with a RTX3090 GPU, roughly 40% longer the 3 layer model (0.016s). These time differences can amount to even larger performance gaps in small embedded systems, and further emphasize the importance of multiple downstream task architectures sharing a common representation branch for real-time robotics applications.'
Flan-T5 Google TS 11 134 13: 0.1 🆀🅰 🕸 Oct/2022 🟢 T5=34B tokens + LM-adapted T5 as 100B tokens
https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.11416
Flan-PaLM Google 540 780 2: 2.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Oct/2022 🔴 https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.11416
U-PaLM Google 540 780 2: 2.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Oct/2022 🔴 https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.11399
VIMA NVIDIA Open: https://vimalabs.github.io/0.2 🌋 Oct/2022 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03094
OpenChat Tsinghua https://huggingface.co/openchat/openchat_3.5
13 2000 154: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2022 🟢 Llama 2 13B -> OpenChat 13B
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.11235
WeLM Wechat https://welm.weixin.qq.com/docs/playground/
10 300 30: 0.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2022 🟢 13% English tokens and 87% Chinese
https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.10372
CodeGeeX Tsinghua 13 850 66: 0.4 🌋 Sep/2022 🟢 https://github.com/THUDM/CodeGeeX
Sparrow DeepMind 70 1400 20: 1.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2022 🔴 Chatbot as a fine-tuned version of Chinchilla 70B
https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/DeepMind.com/Authors-Notes/sparrow/sparrow-final.pdf
PaLI Google 17 🌋 Sep/2022 🔴 PaLM Vision model, new datasets of 10B multilingual text-image pairs
https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.06794
NeMo Megatron-GPNVIDIA 20
https://huggingface.co/nvidia/nemo-megatron-gpt-20B 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Sep/2022 🟢 https://huggingface.co/nvidia/nemo-megatron-gpt-20B
Z-Code++ Microsoft 0.71 500 705: 0.1 🆆 🕸 Aug/2022 🔴 abstractive text summarization, 710M, outperforms PaLM 540B. "Due to the limited computational resource, Z-Code++LARGE is trained with only 500B tokens instead of 1T tokens as that for mT5 training."
https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.09770v1
Atlas Meta AI 11 40 4: 0.1 🆆 🕸 Aug/2022 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.03299
BlenderBot 3 Meta AI blenderbot.ai (US only) 175 300 2: 0.8 🆆 📚 ⬆ 🕸 Aug/2022 🟢 https://github.com/facebookresearch/ParlAI/blob/main/projects/bb3/BB3_main_tech_report.pdf
GLM-130B Tsinghua https://huggingface.co/spaces/THUDM/GLM-130B
130 400 4: 0.8 🆆 📚 ⬆ 🕸 Aug/2022 🟢 50% English (200B tokens), so included here
https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.02414
AlexaTM 20B Amazon Alexa AI Github (train/deploy) 20 1300 65: 0.5 🆆 🕸 Aug/2022 🟢 Wikipedia and mC4 only. seq2seq
https://assets.amazon.science/ee/20/3abcf2304d9b8d68da2006ff7107/alexatm-20b-few-shot-learning-using-a-large-scale-multilingual-seq2seq-model.pdf
6.9B FIM OpenAI 6.9 100 15: 0.1 🆆 📚 ⬆ 🕸 Jul/2022 🔴 Several models: 8 sizes, NLP, Code, FIM/non-FIM. 100B tokens for 6.9B params... beyond chinchilla
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2207.14255.pdf
‘monorepo-Transfor Google 0.5 🕸 Jul/2022 🔴 Unnamed. Writes >3% of internal google code.
https://ai.googleblog.com/2022/07/ml-enhanced-code-completion-improves.html
PanGu-Coder Huawei 2.6 🌋 Jul/2022 🔴 Python via GH
https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.11280
NLLB Meta AI Github (train/deploy) 54.5 🌋 Jul/2022 🟢 54.5B MOE, 3.3B dense. 200+ languages
https://research.facebook.com/publications/no-language-left-behind/
J-1 RBG AI21 ask-rbg.ai 178 300 2: 0.8 🆆 📚 ⬆ 🕸 Jul/2022 🟢 J-1 fine-tuned with RBG law corpus
https://www.ai21.com/blog/announcing-ai21-studio-and-jurassic-1
BLOOM (tr11-176B-mBigScience https://huggingface.co/spaces/huggingface/bloom_demo
176 366 3: 0.8 ⬆ 🕸 Jul/2022 🟢 https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/bigscience/tree/master/train/tr11-176B-ml
Minerva Google 540 818.5 2: 2.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jun/2022 🔴 PaLM finetuned on LaTeX/arXiv maths
https://ai.googleblog.com/2022/06/minerva-solving-quantitative-reasoning.html
GODEL-XL Microsoft 2.7 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Jun/2022 🟢 XL: GPT-3 175B in paper, GPT-J 2.7B released
https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.11309#microsoft
YaLM 100B Yandex Github (train/deploy) 100 300 3: 0.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 Jun/2022 🟢 Megatron-LM clone, Russian/English: https://medium.com/yandex/yandex-publishes-yalm-100b-its-the-largest-gpt-like-neural-network-in-open-source-d1df53d0e9a6
https://github.com/yandex/YaLM-100B
Unified-IO Allen AI Limited demo 2.8 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jun/2022 🔴 Based on T5. Demo only
https://github.com/jiasenlu/unified-io/blob/main/UnifiedIOv1.pdf
Perceiver AR DeepMind 1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jun/2022 🔴 Context window=100,000. Params=364m wiki, 975M pg-19, 826M books, music=?, imagenet=770M,
https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.07765
LIMoE Google 5.6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Jun/2022 🔴 MoE.
https://ai.googleblog.com/2022/06/limoe-learning-multiple-modalities-with.html
GPT-4chan Independent https://huggingface.co/ykilcher/gpt-4chan/discussions/4
6 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Jun/2022 🟢 Warning for inappropriate content. GPT-J.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.07487
Diffusion-LM Stanford Github (train/deploy) 0.3 🌋👥 May/2022 🟢 GPT-J with synthetic data
https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.14217
UL2 20B Google 20 1000 50: 0.5 🕸 May/2022 🔴 Unifying Language model. C4 only.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.05131
Gato (Cat) DeepMind 1 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 May/2022 🔴 Proto-AGI. Generalist agent (LLM, VLM, robot)
https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/A%20Generalist%20Agent/Generalist%20Agent.pdf
LaMDA 2 Google YouTube (video only) 137 ⬆🕸👥 May/2022 🟡 Chatbot with tiny walled garden demo TBA
https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.08239
OPT-175B Meta AI HF (train/deploy) 175 300 2: 0.8 🆆 📚 ⬆ 🕸 May/2022 🟢 Only 30B available (Jun/2022)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.01068
Tk-Instruct Hugging Face https://instructions.apps.allenai.org/demo
11 🆀🅰 🕸 Apr/2022 🟢 Based on T5.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.07705
InCoder Meta AI https://huggingface.co/spaces/facebook/incoder-demo
6.7 GH, StackOverflow Apr/2022 🟢 Python and JavaScript
https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.05999
NOOR TII 10 🆆 📚 🕸 🇦🇪 Apr/2022 🔴 Arabic. "World’s largest high-quality cross-domain Arabic dataset, combining web data with books, poetry, news articles, and technical information"
https://www.tii.ae/news/technology-innovation-institute-announces-launch-noor-worlds-largest-arabic-nlp-model
mGPT Sber Hugging Face 13 🆆🕸 Apr/2022 🟡 60 languages. Only 1.3B model available
https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.07580
PaLM-Coder Google 540 780 2: 2.2 🕸 Apr/2022 🔴 https://storage.googleapis.com/pathways-language-model/PaLM-paper.pdf
PaLM Google 540 780 2: 2.2 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Apr/2022 🔴 https://storage.googleapis.com/pathways-language-model/PaLM-paper.pdff
SeeKeR Meta AI 2.7 🆆📚⬆🕸 Mar/2022 🟢 BART and compared to GPT-2
https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.13224
CodeGen Salesforce TS, Goose 16 🕸 BigQuery, BigPyt Mar/2022 🟢 Code
https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.13474
VLM-4 LightOn Muse 10 🕸 Mar/2022 🟢 Params corrected 25/Apr/2022
https://www-cnbc-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/www.cnbc.com/amp/2022/03/08/reid-hoffman-has-set-up-a-new-ai-company-with-deepminds-co-founder.html
CM3 Meta AI 13 🆆🕸 Jan/2022 🟢 LLM with multimodal capabilities
https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.0752
Luminous Aleph Alpha AA playground 200 🕸 Nov/2021 🟢 Devs from EleutherAI
https://www.aleph-alpha.de/pricing
Chinchilla DeepMind 70 1400 20: 1.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Mar/2022 🔴 First to double tokens per size increase
https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.15556
GPT-NeoX-20B EleutherAI TS, Goose 20 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Feb/2022 🟢 Latest model to Feb/2022
https://github.com/EleutherAI/gpt-neox
ERNIE 3.0 Titan Baidu 260 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2021 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.12731
XGLM Meta AI 7.5 🕸 Dec/2021 🟢 Multilingual: 30 languages, 16 families.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10668
Fairseq Meta AI TS, Goose 13 & 1100 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🕸 🕸 Dec/2021 🟢 https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10684
Gopher DeepMind 280 300 2: 1.0 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2021 🔴 Dataset: https://lifearchitect.ai/whats-in-my-ai/
https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.11446
GLaM Google 1200 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Dec/2021 🔴 https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.06905
Anthropic-LM 52B Anthropic 52 400 8: 0.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 👥 Dec/2021 🔴 Internal research only
https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.00861
RETRO DeepMind 7.5 🆆 📚⬆ 🕸 🌋 Dec/2021 🔴 with retrieval
https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04426
BERT-480 Google 480 🆆📚🕸 Nov/2021 🔴 Submission to benchmarks. Original dataset was BookCorpus + Wikipedia: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1810.04805.pdf
https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/tpus/google-showcases-cloud-tpu-v4-pods-for-large-model-training
BERT-200 Google 200 🆆📚🕸 Nov/2021 🔴 https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/tpus/google-showcases-cloud-tpu-v4-pods-for-large-model-tra
Cedille FR-Boris Coteries 6 🆆 📚 🕸 🇫🇷 Nov/2021 🟢 French only. GPT-J.
MT-NLG Microsoft/NVIDIA 530 270 1: 1.3 Oct/2021 🔴
FLAN Google 137 Sep/2021 🔴 Fine-tuned LaMDA
xlarge Cohere 52.4 Sep/2021 🟢 Stealth 'ebooks and webpages'. 52B: https://crfm.stanford.edu/helm/v1.0/?models=1
PLATO-XL Baidu 11 Sep/2021 🟢 Chatbot. Reddit comments + CN social
Macaw Allen AI 11 🆀🅰 Sep/2021 🟡 Chatbot
CodeT5 Salesforce 0.7 🕸 BigQuery, BigPyt Mar/2022 🟢
Codex OpenAI 12 🕸 Aug/2021 🟢 Code
Jurassic-1 AI21 178 300 2: 0.8 Aug/2021 🟢 Emulated GPT-3 dataset
BlenderBot 2.0 Meta AI 9.4 👥🌋 Jul/2021 🟢 Chatbot
GPT-J EleutherAI 6 402 67: 0.2 Jun/2021 🟢 Popular
LaMDA Google 137 Jun/2021 🔴 Chatbot
ruGPT-3 Huawei/Sberbank 1.3 🕸 "170GB data" Feb/2021 🟢 Russian GPT-3 with input from Huawei
Switch Google 1600 576 1: 3.2 🆀🅰 🕸 Jan/2021 🟢 MoE
GPT-3 OpenAI Sunset/deprecated :-( 175 300 2: 0.8 May/2020 🟢
Megatron-11B Meta AI 11 2200 200: 0.5 Apr/2020 🟢
Meena Google 2.6 10000 3,847: 0.5 👥 🌋 Jan/2020 🔴 Dialogue model. Trained 61B tokens for 164x epochs to 10T tokens!
T5 Google 11 34 4: 0.1 🆀🅰 🕸 Oct/2019 🟢 C4 + NLP language problems
RoBERTa Meta AI 0.355 2200 6,198: 0.1 Jul/2019 🟢
GPT-2 OpenAI 1.5 10 7: 0.0 ⬆ Feb/2019 🟢 Reddit outbound only
BERT Google 0.3 137 457: 0.0 🆆 📚 Oct/2018 🟢
GPT-1 OpenAI 0.117 1.3 12: 0.0 📚 Jun/2018 🟢 Books only
ULMFiT Fast.ai 0.1 0.1 1: 0.0 🆆 Jan/2018 🟢 Aussie Prof Jeremy Howard

266 total models (announced only, doesn’t include TBA)

Key: Italics: estimates and hypothesis only based on current information.

👥 Dialogue
📚 Books This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see top model for latest date.

🌋 Special
🕸 Common Crawl 🇫🇷 French

Get a comma separated list of columns A-D from this table using GPT-4 via Poe: or very simple for column A only:
Superseded/outdated and alternative sheets:
Data for training cost trends in machine learning (Jul/20 100+ Chinese LLMs (Jul/2023)
Alternative viz using some of this sheet data (Jul/2023) Anonymous (ends around Mar/2023)
100+ imitation models with eval/rankings (Jun/2023) Stella @ EleutherAI (seems to end Dec/2021)
LLM chat leaderboard, only ~12 imitation models (May/2 Jaime @ Epoch AI (seems to end Jun/2021)
Limited paper; some inaccuracies (Jun/2023)
 Model/Lab Total tokens (T)Total size (GB) ▼ Wiki Books/Journals
RedPajama-Data-v2 30 125000
(Together AI)
Piper monorepo 37.9 86000
Google
Vast Chinese corpus) 30 40000
(MNBVC.253874)
GPT-4 13 40000 - -
OpenAI
CulturaX 6.3 27000
(UOregon)
RefinedWeb 5 23240 0 0
(TII)
MassiveText ML 5 20000 48 12853
DeepMind
PaLM 2 3.6 13000
Google
Dolma 3 11519 16.2 288.4
(AI2)
Infiniset 2.8 12616 1569 1632
Google
MADLAD-400 3 12000
Google
MassiveText EN 2.35 10550 12.5 2264
DeepMind
InternLM 1.6 5100 235 376
(Shanghai AI)
Stability New Pile 1.5 5000 - -
(Stability AI)
LLaMA 1.2 4749 83 177
Meta AI
RedPajama 1.2 4033 80 180
(Together AI)
SlimPajama 627 895 34 78
 (Cerebras)
The Pile v1 0.247 825 6 362
(EleutherAI)
GPT-3 0.499 753 11.4 122
OpenAI
RoBERTa 161 11.4 4.6
(Meta AI)
GPT-2 40
OpenAI
GPT-1 4.6 4.6
OpenAI

Todo (Oct/2023): https://news.err.ee/1609120697/finland-s-chatgpt-equivale

See the paper: https://lifearchitect.ai/whats-in-my-ai/
This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It shoul
Discussion Code Web (CC/C4) Announced Public?
125000 Oct/2023 🟢

86000 Jun/2023 🔴

20811 Oct/2023 🟢

- - - Mar/2023 🔴

27000 Sep/2023 🟢

0 0 23240 Jun/2023

- 2754 4544 Dec/2021 🔴

May/2023 🔴

339 1043 9,832.40 August/2023 🟢

6277 1569 1569 May/2021 🔴

120000 Sep/2023 🟢

3100 5173 Dec/2021 🔴

221 367 3616 June/2023

- - - Apr/2023 🔴

78 328 4083 February/2023

67 197 3510 Apr/2023 🟢

30 47 706 Jun/2023
 166.71 95 227 Dec/2020 🟢

620 May/2020 🔴

145 Jul/2019 🟡

40 February/2019 🟡

Jun/2018 🟡

20697/finland-s-chatgpt-equivalent-begins-to-think-in-estonian-as-well
ts-in-my-ai/
mpson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see most recent dataset for latest date.
 Model examples

DIDACT

Chinese only

GPT-4

Falcon

Retro

PaLM 2

OLMo

LaMDA

MADLAD400-8B

Chinchilla, Gopher

InternLM

StableLM

LLaMA, Alpaca

MPT
 GPT-Neo, GPT-J

GPT-3

RoBERTa, Megatron-11B

GPT-2

GPT-1

t for latest date.

Notes
https://together.ai/blog/redpajama-data-v2

Piper PDF from 2016: https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2854146

Chinese only. https://mnbvc.253874.net/

https://github.com/esbatmop/MNBVC
My estimate: https://lifearchitect.ai/gpt-4/#dataset

https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.09400
https://huggingface.co/datasets/uonlp/CulturaX
Paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.01116.pdf

My estimate: https://lifearchitect.ai/bard/#dataset

https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.00159

My calcs: https://lifearchitect.ai/bard/#dataset
It's not clear why Google chose to use 1.5TB of the ~14TB history within Wikipedia
https://huggingface.co/datasets/allenai/MADLAD-400
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.04662

Chinese/English. My rough estimates only by multiplying tokens (billions) by 3 to get GB

Announced but not detailed

Open

Announce: https://www.cerebras.net/blog/slimpajama-a-627b-token-cleaned-and-deduplicated-v
Some dupes in my older calcs
eduplicated-version-of-redpajama
Table by Alan D. Thompson via GPT-4V + GPT-4 translation using data from: The Memo: https://lifearchitect.ai/memo
# Lab Model Region General?Date Description 公司 (Company) 大模型名称 (Model 所属领域 通用 (General)
说明 (Description)
Name) (Region)
1 Baidu Wenxin Yiyen Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Trial, contact required 百度 文心一言 北京 ✓ 试用,需要联系
2 iFLYTEK Sibichi Anhui ✓ Jul/2023 Trial, contact required 科大讯飞 思必驰 安徽 ✓ 试用,需要联系
3 DataGrand MOOC Shanghai ✓ Jul/2023 Trial, contact required 达观数据 慕课 上海 ✓ 试用,需要联系
4 Huawei Cloud Daoyi Tianwen Xinjiang ✓ Jul/2023 Trial, contact required 华为云 道义天问 新疆 ✓ 试用,需要联系
5 Chongqing Univ. MOSS Shanghai ✓ Jul/2023 Open source 6B, Smart 重庆大学 MOSS 上海 ✓ 开源6B, 智慧AI
6 Zhixin Technology ChatGLM Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Open source 6B 智芯科技 ChatGLM 北京 ✓ 开源6B
7 Qingmang Qingmang, Qing+Guan Undisclosed ✓ Jul/2023 Qingmang's victory 轻芒 轻芒,轻芒+光锥,轻芒 不详 ✓ 轻芒+胜场
8 Intengine Daoyi Tianwen Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Recommend 3.0, AQUILA Intengine
i 道义天问 北京 ✓ 推荐3.0, 版本, AQUILA天智感, Aquila-7B, AquilaChat-7B, AquilaCode-7B-NV, AquilaCode-7B-TS
9 Shanxi Univ. BenSe Jiangsu ✓ Jul/2023 Medicine; Recommends问答赛道山大学 本色 江苏 ✓ 医学; 推荐LLaMa; 另有基于 ChatGLM 的 Med-ChatGLM
10 Shell BELLE Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Recommends multiple ty贝壳 BELLE 北京 ✓ 推荐BLOOM交互LaMa的多个类型
11 Baichuan IntelligenceBaichuan Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Recommends multiple ty百川智能 baichuan 北京 ✓ 推荐BLOOM交互LaMa的多个类型
12 OpenBMB CPM Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Recommends BLOOM OpenBMB CPM 北京 ✓ 推荐BLOOM
13 Intengine Yingjie: Qingyuan, Shanghai ✓ Jul/2023 Technical report, Shan Intengine 英杰:清源, OpenMEDLab 上海 ✓ 技术报告,上海AI峰会相关推荐中文大量
14 Yunhe Technology Shanhai Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Recommend communica云和智 山海 北京 ✓ 推荐交流
15 NEU TechGPT Jiangsu ✓ Jul/2023 Recommends BELLE->LLaM NEU TechGPT 江苏 ✓ 推荐BELLE->LLaMa, 图像智能和语境理解问答
16 Zhongwen Shenzhen Ji Wei, Lv Ying Shenzhen ✓ Jul/2023 University Chinese (She 智中文深圳 纪伟, 吕颖 深圳 ✓ 高校中文大学（深圳）和深圳市技术联盟研究院, 医学,Demo,华和知源是基于 BLOOMZ
17 Chinese Academy of SEnhanced Liu Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Enhanced Liu 2.0 claims中科院 增强大刘 北京 ✓ 增强大刘2.0号称100B参数, 值得关
18 Ideal Science & Tech.TigerBot Shanghai ✓ Jul/2023 Recommends BLOOM 理想科技 TigerBot 上海 ✓ 推荐BLOOM
19 IDEA Institute Little Philosopher Mi Undisclosed ✓ Jul/2023 Recommend the Tian serIDEA研究院 小哲科技MindBot 不详 ✓ 推荐天系列模型
20 Shanghai Jiao Tong Un K2, Magnolia Shanghai ✓ Jul/2023 Demo, GeoLLaMa, Reco上海交通大学 K2,白玉兰 上海 ✓ Demo, GeoLLaMa, 推荐LLaMa, HuggingFace
21 360 Zhinai, Yijian Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Recommends BLOOM 360 智脑,一见 北京 ✓ 推荐BLOOM
22 Du Xiaoman FinancialQianyan Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Recommends BLOOM 度小满 千言 北京 ✓ 推荐BLOOM
23 Dr. Science & Tech. InProactiveHealthGPT, H Guangdong ✓ Jul/2023 Recommends Guanaoo->E 科学博士工程技术 ProactiveHealthGPT,广东 ✓ 推荐Guanaoo->英LLaMa, 使用LoRA
24 Wenzi Technology Anima Zhejiang ✓ Jul/2023 Recommends Guanaoo->E 文字科技 Anima 浙江 ✓ 推荐Guanaoo->英LLaMa, 使用LoRA
25 Peking University LawChatLaw Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 ChatLaw-13B based on 北京大学法律人工 ChatLaw 北京 ✓ ChatLaw-13B基于Ziya-LLaMa-13B-v1->LLaMa,ChatLaw-33B基于Anima33B->Guanaco->LLaMa
26 Xiangde Technology Co Mu Yuan Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 想得科技有限公司 慕元 北京 ✓
27 Horgos MiniMax Shanghai ✓ Jul/2023 GLOW social rendering 霍尔果斯 MiniMax 上海 ✓ GLOW渲染社交
28 Tencent Cloud Tencent Xinjiang ✓ Jul/2023 腾讯云 腾讯 新疆 ✓
29 Competitive Tech + Competitive XPT Sichuan ✗ Jul/2023 比赛科技+重庆复盘网 比赛型XPT 四川 ✗
30 Institute of Computi White Horse Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Based on LLaMa, aims fo中国科学院计算技 白马 北京 ✓ 基于LLaMa, 目标Diff下载7B和13B,demo
31 Beijing Language andBang Bang Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Based on LLaMa, academi 北京语言大学 棒棒 北京 ✓ 基于LLaMa,北语清华学术共同, 北京大学
32 SenseTime Ri Ri Xin Shanghai ✓ Jul/2023 商汤科技 日日新 上海 ✓
33 National Supercomputi Tianjin Tianyuan Tianjin ✗ Jul/2023 国家超级计算天津 天津天元 天津 ✗
34 Guoke Technology Weightless, Saisen Shanghai ✗ Jul/2023 Weightless - Finance; Sai国科科技 无重量, 赛森 上海 ✗ 无重量—金融; 赛森—大数据分析
35 Competitive Tech + TiHaihe Mint Tianjin ✗ Jul/2023 比赛科技+天津大学 海河·造币厂 天津 ✗
36 Bian Sheng ElectronicLightGPT Xinjiang ✗ Jul/2023 便生电子 LightGPT 新疆 ✗
37 Telecom Smart ScienStar Print Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 General vision, China T 电信智科 星印 北京 ✗ 通用视觉, 中国电信
38 Xiamen Yunji TechnolXiamen GPT Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Medical, Nursing Key 厦门云集 厦云GPT 北京 ✓ 医疗, 护理Key
39 Wisdom Eye Jing Shi Hunan ✗ Jul/2023 Medically oriented 智慧眼 镜石 湖南 ✗ 医疗导向
40 TAL Education GroupMathGPT Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Xueersi (a brand of TAL)好未来 MathGPT 北京 ✗ 学而思
41 Shugan Space-Time Great Wall Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Natural resources, remo数感时空 长城 北京 ✗ 自然资源, 遥感
42 Ideal Science & Tech Da Dao Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Legal representative typ理想科技 大道Dao 北京 ✗ 法律代表型
43 Huisheng IntelligenceZhi Xin Liaoning ✗ Jul/2023 慧生智能 智芯 辽宁 ✗
44 China Internet NetwoZhi Gong Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Cooperative with the Nat 中国互联网 智工 北京 ✗ 与全国NLP实验室联合, 工业智能
45 Entrepreneurial DarkTian Qi Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Entrepreneurial Dark Hor 创业黑马 天启 北京 ✗ 创业黑马与360合作,和创投服务行业
46 Together TechnologyBowen Dongguan ✗ Jul/2023 一起科技 博文Bowen 东莞 ✗
47 NetEase Youdao Yu Chuan Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 网易有道 于川 北京 ✗
48 NetEase Youdao Wang Yan Guangdong ✗ Jul/2023 网易有道 王言 广东
49 Undecided Tian Ji Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Five-dimensional intera 未定 天玑 北京 ✓ 5维智能互动体验
50 Zhihu Zhihu Think Tank Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Collaboration between 知乎 知乎智库 北京 ✗ 知乎和智库科技合作
51 EasyGo Network ScieUni-talk Shanghai ✗ Jul/2023 Supported by Shanghai R易行网科 Uni-talk 上海 ✗ 上海交通大学山西智能车上海研发中心支持
52 Luwen Education Luwen Xinjiang ✗ Jul/2023 Capable of voice and mu路文教育 路文 新疆 ✗ 接活语音和多模态两不误
53 Chinese Academy of SRubik's Cube Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 中科创达 魔方Rubik 北京 ✗
54 Tencent Bubble Guangdong ✗ Jul/2023 腾讯 泡泡 广东 ✗
55 TikTok Vision DouTian Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 抖音愿景 抖天 北京 ✗
56 Leyan Technology Leyan Shanghai ✗ Jul/2023 TRSGPT 乐言科技 乐言 上海 ✗ TRSGPT
57 DiDi Intelligence Xiang Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Based on Qiantang expe滴滴智能 先向 北京 ✗ 基于钱塘体验数据
58 ZhiZi Engine Metaverse Jiangsu ✓ Jul/2023 智子引擎 元宇宙 江苏 ✓
59 TikTok Technology TikTok Jiangxi ✗ Jul/2023 抖音科技 抖音 江西 ✗
60 Micro Environment InRongGu Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Micro Environment Intel微环智能 融古 北京 ✓ 微环智能,科大讯飞,华为
61 Evernote Elephant GPT Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 印象笔记 大象GPT 北京 ✗
62 Hummingbird Unity Hummingbird Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 蜂鸟团结 蜂鸟 北京 ✓
63 Cosmos Leap Grace Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Internal code name 宇宙跃动 Grace 北京 ✗ 内部代号
64 Aomen Nuomen Kang Jia Nuo Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 凹门诺门 康嘉诺 北京 ✓
65 Digital Tribe Technol SocialGPT Guangdong ✗ Jul/2023 数族技术 SocialGPT 广东 ✗
66 CloudWalk TechnologCong Rong Guangdong ✓ Jul/2023 云从科技 从容 广东 ✓
67 EKT University Xiao Ke Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Officially used by our in 电科大校 小可 北京 ✗ 我院正式业界用
68 Agricultural Bank of Honeybee ChatABC Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 中国农业银行 小蜜ChatABC 北京 ✗
69 Tencent Fusion Tianlai AllMe Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 腾讯融合 天籁AllMe 北京 ✓
70 Taiwan Liquor Cloud EnSpace FFM Taiwan ✓ Jul/2023 Cross-border cloud com台酒云 恩斯佩斯FFM 台湾 ✓ 跨境云公司
71 MedTech medGPT Sichuan ✗ Jul/2023 医医科技 medGPT 四川 ✗
72 Super Thinking Scien MindGPT Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 超思科学 MindGPT 北京 ✗
73 Spirit Realm Multi-AI Dongni Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 灵境多人工智能 Dongni 北京 ✓
74 Changhong IT Changhong Totem Henan ✗ Jul/2023 长红IT 长红图腾 河南 ✗
75 KidsKing KidsGPT Jiangsu ✗ Jul/2023 孩子王 KidsGPT 江苏 ✗
76 CAS Wenhao Dao Yi Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 中科闻道 道意 北京 ✗
77 DiDi Technology Lan Zi Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 滴滴科技 蓝子 北京 ✓
78 JD.com Ji Xing, ChatJD Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 京东 吉星,ChatJD 北京 ✗
79 Zhishuan IntelligenceHua Jun Shanghai ✗ Jul/2023 Novel-writing robot 智算智能 华峻 上海 ✗ 小说机器人
80 H3C New Hua III White Cloud House Xinjiang ✗ Jul/2023 新华三H3C 白山云屋 新疆 ✗
81 Tencent Blue Whale Tencent Brain·Brains Guangdong ✗ Jul/2023 Peng Cheng Mind 腾讯蓝鲸 腾讯脑·脑海 广东 ✗ Peng Cheng Mind
82 Uniview TechnologiesWise Eye Xinjiang ✗ Jul/2023 AIoT industry 宇视科技 慧目 新疆 ✗ AIoT行业
83 China Unicom Yu Xiang Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 中国联通 宇翔 北京 ✗
84 Meituan Technology Bumblebee Shenzhen ✗ Jul/2023 Public safety 美团技术 大黄蜂 深圳 ✗ 公共安全
85 Purple Power TechnoDarwin Guangdong ✗ Jul/2023 Meituan Power, Triangle紫天动力科技 达尔文 广东 ✗ 美团动力,清华大校三角研究院,清华生物动,六角区科技创新服务中心
86 Real Smart Zhao Bin Xinjiang ✗ Jul/2023 TARS 实在智能 赵斌 新疆 ✗ TARS
87 Jiadu Technology Jiadu Zhiyin Guangdong ✗ Jul/2023 Transportation domain 佳都科技 佳都知音 广东 ✗ 交通领域
88 Wisdom EnvironmentWisdom Guangdong ✓ Jul/2023 Based on LLaMa, compre 智慧环境研究院 智慧 广东 ✓ 基于LLaMa, 团团包赔体
89 Chip Cloud Research IEmoGPT, EduChat Shanghai ✗ Jul/2023 EmoGPT is supported by芯云研究院科学 EmoGPT,EduChat 上海 ✗ EmoGPT是上海市心理健康与智能机行项目点支撑与与智能科技公司合作完成, 教学教育大规模EduChat基于BELLE (BELLE基于LLaMa)
90 Yandao Intelligent ArynGPT Jiangsu ✗ Jul/2023 演道智能 ArynGPT 江苏 ✗
91 Tencent WAI Shanghai ✓ Jul/2023 腾讯 WAI 上海 ✓
92 Northwestern PolytecPurple Light·ObservatShaanxi ✗ Jul/2023 Fluid dynamics large mo西北工业大学华为 紫光·观测 陕西 ✗ 流体力学大模型,航空航天
93 Singularity Intelligen Singularity OpenAPI Beijing ✓ Jul/2023 Intelligence and balance奇点智能 Singularity OpenAPI 北京 ✓ 智机和天秤
94 Lenovo Technology Lenovo Xinjiang ✓ Jul/2023 OmModel Om Manufacturi 联想科技 联想 新疆 ✓ OmModel欧姆智造坊（初恋档案）大模型
95 ShanghaiTech UniversDoctorGLM Shanghai ✓ Jul/2023 Medical large model, ite上海科技大学 DoctorGLM 上海 ✓ 医学大模型, 迭次
96 Xuanen High Zhiwei Couple SystemJiangsu ✗ Jul/2023 宣恩高 知味夫妇系统 江苏 ✗
97 Hong Kong UniversityRobin Robin Hong Kong ✓ Jul/2023 Based on LLaMa, open- 香港科技大学 罗宾Robin 香港 ✓ 基于LLaMa,港科大开源LMFlow
98 Shengong CommunicaSource Shandong ✗ Jul/2023 Source 深港通信 源 山东 ✗ 源
99 China Mobile Da Tian Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 中国移动 大天 北京 ✗
100 China Telecom TeleChat Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 中国电信 TeleChat 北京 ✗
101 RongCloud Fan Ke Beijing ✗ Jul/2023 Customer service, marke融云云 范克 北京 ✗ 客服, 营销
102 Cloud Flying Technol Heavenly Book Guangdong ✗ Jul/2023 云天励飞 天书 广东 ✗
103 Smart Technology CityGPT Shanghai ✗ Jul/2023 City large model 智能科技 CityGPT 上海 ✗ 城市大模型
Lab Robot Country Release Height (cm)Weight (kg)
1X NEO Norway 2023 160 30
Figure 01 USA 2023 167 60
Fourier GR-1 Singapore 2023 165 55
Tesla Optimus Gen 1 USA 2023 173 57
Tesla Optimus Gen 2 USA 2023 173 47
Boston Dynamics Atlas USA 2022 150 89
Sanctuary AI Phoenix Canada 2023 170 70
Agility Digit USA 2023 175 64
Unitree H1 China 2023 180 47
Apptronik Apollo USA 2023 172 72
Kepler Forerunner China 2024 178 85
LimX CL-1 China 2024

https://lifearchitect.ai/humanoids/
This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompso
 Walk (km/h)Run (km/h)Payload/carry (kg)Power (hours)Link Video Clothed?
4 12 20 2-4 https://www.1x.tech/neo
Yes
4.3 4.3 20 5 https://www.figure.ai/
https://youtu.be/9sHUggKsWTk
Yes
5 5 50 https://robots.fourierintelligence.com/
https://youtu.be/SHPxcRBlXN0
No
8 8 20.4 https://archive.md/QNvx9
https://youtu.be/XiQkeWOFwmk
No
8 8 20.4 https://archive.md/mEWsJ
https://www.youtube.com/watch
Yes
9 9 11 https://www.bostondynamics.com/atlas
https://youtu.be/-e1_QhJ1EhQ
No
5 5 25 https://sanctuary.ai/resources/news/san
https://youtu.be/k2GhgO7SnZQ
No
5.4 5.4 16 3 https://agilityrobotics.com/robots
https://youtu.be/rnFZAB9ogEE
No
5.4 18 https://www.unitree.com/en/h1/
https://youtu.be/GtPs_ygfaEA
Yes
25 4 https://apptronik.com/product-page
No
https://www.gotokepler.com/home
https://youtu.be/A5vshTgDbKE
No
https://www.limxdynamics.com/en
https://youtu.be/sihIDeJ4Hmk
No

ned by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai.

US$ ('000) Notes
Due Dec/2023

100x units due 2023

Lift 68kg
20

250
90
Released
30
 TFLOP/s Wall clock time
Model Training end Chip type (max) Chip count (days)
GPT-3 Apr/2020 V100 130 10,000 15 days
Llama 1 Jan/2023 A100 312 2,048 21 days
Llama 2 Jun/2023 A100 312 2,048 35 days
GPT-4 Aug/2022 A100 312 25,000 95 days
Gemini Nov/2023 TPUv4 275 57,000 100 days
GPT-5 Apr/2024 H100 989 50,000 120 days
Llama 3 Apr/2024 H100 989
Olympus Aug/2024 H100 989
Gemini 2 Nov/2024 TPUv5 393

Model Source type (prLink Quote Chip type

GPT-3 Primary “All models were trained on V10V100
https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165
Analysis Note: this is a nearly-primary V100
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.05149.pdf
GPT-4 Analysis “According to SemiAnalysis, GPA100
https://www.semianalysis.com/p/google-gemini-eats-the-world-gemini cited in https://www.l
Llama 1 Primary “When training a 65B-parameterH100
https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.13971
Llama 2 Primary “Llama 2 70B: Time (GPU HourTPUv4
https://github.com/facebookresearch/llama/blob/main/MODEL_CARD.md
Estimate only 2,048 chips is an assumption ba TPUv5e
Gemini Primary “Training Gemini Ultra used a laTPUv5p
https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.11805
Analysis https://www.semianalysis.com/p/google-gemini-eats-the-world-gemini
“The TPUv4 has a maximum performance of 275 TFLOP/s cited
in bf16.”
in https://www.l
Analysis https://www.semianalysis.com/p/google-gemini-eats-the-world-gemini
“According to SemiAnalysis... Gemini Ultra was trained on
cited
roughly
in https://www.l
57.000 TP
GPT-5 Estimate only https://lifearchitect.ai/gpt-5/
Alan's estimate based on comparSee the paper coming mid-Feb/2024:
Llama 3 This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan
Olympus
Gemini 2
Other 1. Training end: Most training end dates assume 1 month before release for easy figures.
2. Total time (hours): column hidden in final report.
3. US$ estimate: Cost estimates using GCP in 2023: A100 @$3.93/hr, TPUv4 @$3.22/hr, H100 @$4.25/hr.
 Total time Total time
(hours) (years) Cost ($US) MMLU ▼ Check (calculated column)
3,552,000 405 years $9M 43.9 $8,808,960
1,032,192 118 years $4M 63.4 $4,056,515
1,720,320 196 years $7M 68.0 $6,760,858
57,000,000 6,507 years $224M 86.4 $224,010,000
136,800,000 15,616 years $440M 90.0 $440,496,000
144,000,000 16,438 years $612M $612,000,000

Pricing date $ per chip-hour Source 1M hours

2020 $0.66 https://web.archive.org/web/20200611063415/https://lambdalabs.com/service/
$660,000 Big pricing disparity between lambda and GCP
2020 $2.48 https://www.top500.org/news/google-expands-its-gpu-cloud-options/
$2,480,000 Using this number for GPT-3 in final table
2023 $3.93 https://gpus.llm-utils.org/a100-gpu-cloud-availability-and-pricing/
$3,930,000
2023 $4.25 https://web.archive.org/web/20240108002155/https://coreweave.com/gpu-clou
$4,250,000
2023 $3.22 https://web.archive.org/web/20240105115832/https://cloud.google.com/tpu/pr
$3,220,000
2024 $1.20 https://web.archive.org/web/20240105115832/https://cloud.google.com/tpu/pr
$1,200,000
2024 $4.20 https://web.archive.org/web/20240105115832/https://cloud.google.com/tpu/pr
$4,200,000
275 TFLOP/s in bf16.”
was trained on roughly 57.000 TPUv4’s for 100 days.”
r coming mid-Feb/2024: https://lifearchitect.ai/gemini-report/
owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai.

easy figures.

v4 @$3.22/hr, H100 @$4.25/hr.

ed column)

ty between lambda and GCP

for GPT-3 in final table
Field Achievement Result Outperform Engine Testing date Peer- Paper/ Extract
Relationships ChatGPT converses with 5,239 girls for Russian - s human
Yes GPT-4 Feb/2024 No 🔗 ‘In total, the bot met 5,239 girls, out of which Alexander selected four most suitable ones. Ultimately, he chose one of them named
programmer. Karina…’
Academia GPT-4 writes better essays than humans - Yes GPT-4 30/Oct/2023 Yes 🔗 "ChatGPT generates essays that are rated higher regarding quality than human-written essays."

Psychotherapy Seligman: “This is a rare moment in the history of - Yes GPT-4 29/Sep/2023 Yes 🔗 https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1003232
scientific psychology: [GPT-4] now promises much
more effective psychotherapy and coaching.”
Legal ChatGPT officiates wedding - Yes ChatGPT 5/Jul/2023 No 🔗 ‘ChatGPT planned the welcome, the speech, the closing remarks — everything except the vows — making ChatGPT, in essence, the
wedding officiant.’
Chemistry GPT-4 helps with ‘instructions, to robot actions, to - Yes GPT-4 19/Jun/2023 Yes 🔗 ‘We report a model that can go from natural language instructions, to robot actions, to synthesized molecule with an LLM. We
synthesized molecule.’ synthesized catalysts, a novel dye, and insect repellent from 1-2 sentence instructions. This has been a seemingly unreachable goal
for years!’
Chip design ChatGPT helps design an accumulator, part of a - Yes ChatGPT 22/May/2023 Yes 🔗 ‘two hardware engineers “talked” in standard English with ChatGPT-4 – a Large Language Model (LLM) built to understand and generate human-like text type – to d
CPU
Medical ChatGPT 'higher quality' and 'more empathetic' - Yes ChatGPT 28/Apr/2023 Yes 🔗 Chatbot responses were rated of significantly higher quality than physician responses… 9.8 times higher prevalence of empathetic or
than human doctors very empathetic responses for the chatbot.
Lottery Human wins lottery with numbers provided by - Yes ChatGPT 17/Apr/2023 No 🔗 Patthawikorn Boonrin revealed that he put in a few hypothetical questions... and received the numbers 57, 27, 29, and 99 from the
ChatGPT (this is tongue-in-cheek, but it did chatbot... the numbers ended up winning him a [lottery] prize...
happen!)
Quantum GPT-4 achieves a 'B' grade (73/100) on exam. 73 No GPT-4 11/Apr/2023 No 🔗 The result: GPT-4 scored 73 / 100. (Because of extra credits, the max score on the exam was 120, though the highest score that any student actually achieved was 10
computing
Jurisprudence/ ChatGPT helps a judge with a verdict (India). - - ChatGPT 29/Mar/2023 No 🔗 ‘Armed with [ChatGPT's] legal expertise, Chitkara ultimately rejected the defendant’s bail bid on the grounds that they did act cruelly
legal rulings before the victim died.’
Japan: National Bing Chat would achieve 78% [above cut-off grade 78 Yes Bing Chat 9/Mar/2023 Yes 🔗 ‘The accuracy of ChatGPT was lower than prior studies using the United States Medical Licensing Examination. The limited
Medical Licensure of 70%], ChatGPT would achieve 38% amount of Japanese language data may have affected the ability of ChatGPT to correctly answer medical questions in Japanese...
Examination Bing has an accuracy level to pass the national medical licensing exam in Japan.’
Spanish medical Bing Chat would achieve 93%, ChatGPT would 93 Yes Bing Chat 2/Mar/2023 No 🔗 ‘I asked 185 questions, excluding the 25 that required images, which I removed. To balance the exam, I added the 10 reserve
examination achieve 70%, both above cut-off grade questions for the challenges. Out of the 185 questions, Bing Chat answered 172 correctly and failed on 13, resulting in a success rate
(MIR) of 93%’
Cover of TIME ChatGPT made the 27/Feb/2023 cover of TIME - Yes ChatGPT 27/Feb/2023 No 🔗 Alan: this one is not really an ability, but definitely an achievement!
magazine magazine.
CEO ChatGPT appointed to CEO of CS India. - - ChatGPT 9/Feb/2023 No 🔗 ‘As CEO, ChatGPT will be responsible for overseeing the day-to-day operations of CS India and driving the organization's growth and
expansion. ChatGPT will use its advanced language processing skills to analyze market trends, identify new impact opportunities, and
develop strategies...’
Software dev job ChatGPT would be hired as L3 Software Developer - Yes ChatGPT 31/Jan/2023 No 🔗 https://www.pcmag.com/news/chatgpt-passes-google-coding-interview-for-level-3-engineer-with-183k-salary https://www.cnbc.com/2023/01/31/google-testing-c
at Google: the role pays $183,000/year.
Jurisprudence/ ChatGPT helps a judge with a verdict (Colombia). - - ChatGPT 31/Jan/2023 No 🔗 English: https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chatgpt-makes-humane-decision-columbiaSpanish: https://www.bluradio.com/judicial/sentencia-la-tome-y
legal rulings
Politics ChatGPT writes several Bills (USA). - - ChatGPT 26/Jan/2023 Yes 🔗 Regulate ChatGPT: https://malegislature.gov/Bills/193/SD1827 Mental health & ChatGPT: https://malegislature.gov/Bills/193/HD676

MBA ChatGPT would pass an MBA degree exam at B/B- Yes ChatGPT 22/Jan/2023 Yes 🔗 "Considering this performance, ChatGPT would have received a B to B- grade on the exam."
Wharton (UPenn).
Accounting GPT-3.5 would pass the US CPA exam. 57.6% Yes text-davinci- 11/Jan/2023 Yes 🔗 "the model answers 57.6% of questions correctly"
003
Legal GPT-3.5 would pass the bar in the US. 50.3% Yes text-davinci- 29/Dec/2022 Yes 🔗 "GPT-3.5 achieves a headline correct rate of 50.3% on a complete NCBE MBE practice exam"
003
Medical ChatGPT would pass the United States Medical >60% Yes ChatGPT 20/Dec/2022 Yes 🔗 "ChatGPT performed at >50% accuracy across all examinations, exceeding 60% in most analyses. The USMLE pass threshold, while
Licensing Exam (USMLE). varying by year, is approximately 60%. Therefore, ChatGPT is now comfortably within the passing range."
IQ (fluid/aptitude) ChatGPT outperforms college students on the >98% Yes text-davinci- 19/Dec/2022 Yes 🔗 More info at: https://lifearchitect.ai/ravens/
Raven's Progressive Matrices aptitude test. 003
AWS certificate ChatGPT would pass the AWS Certified Cloud 80% Yes ChatGPT 8/Dec/2022 No 🔗 "Final score: 800/1000; a pass is 720"
Practitioner exam.
IQ (verbal only) ChatGPT scores IQ=147, 99.9th %ile. >99.9% Yes ChatGPT 6/Dec/2022 No 🔗 "Psychology Today Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence IQ Test, it gets a score of 147!"

SAT exam ChatGPT scores 1020/1600 on SAT exam. 52% Yes ChatGPT 2/Dec/2022 No 🔗 "According to collegeboard, a 1020/1600 score is ~52nd percentile."

General GPT-3 would beat IBM Watson on Jeopardy! 100% Yes davinci 20/Sep/2021 No 🔗 Watson scored 88%, GPT-3 scored 100%.
knowledge questions.
IQ (Binet-Simon GPT-3 scores in 99.9th %ile (estimate only). 99.9% Yes davinci 11/May/2021 No 🔗 "As of 2021, I expect that it would not be simple to assess the intelligence of an AI using current IQ instrument design... some
Scale, verbal only) subtests where the AI would be easily in the top 0.01% of the world population (processing speed, memory), while other subtests
may be far lower."
General GPT-3 outperforms average humans on trivia. 73% Yes davinci 12/Mar/2021 No 🔗 "GPT-3 got 73% of 156 trivia questions correct. This compares favorably to the 52% user average."
knowledge
Reasoning GPT-3 would pass the SAT Analogies subsection. 65.2% Yes davinci 28/May/2020 Yes 🔗 "GPT-3 achieves 65.2% in the few-shot setting... average score among college applicants was 57% (random guessing yields 20%)."

See more benchmarks for large language models 2020-2023: https://lifearchitect.ai/iq-testing-ai/

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
Client name (first 50 only) Segment Model
Allen & Overy (A&O) Professional services Harvey/GPT-4
Bain Professional services GPT-4
BCG Professional services GPT-4
CaseText Professional services GPT-4
PwC Legal Professional services Harvey/GPT-4
Coke Other enterprise GPT-4
Keeper Other enterprise GPT-4
aiproduct.tools IT GPT-4
Bloop IT GPT-4
Botz IT GPT-4
Code Snippets AI IT GPT-4
Chibi IT GPT-4
Cursor IT GPT-4
Descript* IT GPT-4
DoNotPay IT GPT-4
Dover IT GPT-4
Ellie IT GPT-4
Groupthink IT GPT-4
Harvey* IT GPT-4
Intercom IT GPT-4
Kraftful IT GPT-4
Latent Workers IT GPT-4
LinkedIn IT GPT-4
LongShot AI IT GPT-4
Mem* IT GPT-4
Microsoft IT GPT-4
Milo IT GPT-4
M.O.N.D.A.Y. IT GPT-4
Nerdo IT GPT-4
OpenAI IT GPT-4
PlotGPT IT GPT-4
Publer IT GPT-4
Quora IT GPT-4
Relevance AI IT GPT-4
Retool IT GPT-4
RobotGPT4 IT GPT-4
Salesforce IT GPT-4
SupportAgent. ai IT GPT-4
Upstage IT GPT-4
Zapier IT GPT-4
Iceland Government GPT-4
Morgan Stanley Finance GPT-4
Stripe Finance GPT-4
Be My Eyes Education GPT-4
Duolingo Education GPT-4
Khan Academy Education GPT-4
QuizAnything Education GPT-4
Semantic Scholar Education GPT-4
Speak* Education GPT-4
WritePanda Education GPT-4

* OpenAI invested
See more about GPT-4: https://lifearchitect.ai/gpt-4/
This sheet was created by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It ends at 50 organizations/ap
Notes (or app name) Date Source (primary source f
Nov/2022 https://www.allenovery.com/en-gb/global/news-and-ins
Feb/2023 https://www.bain.com/vector-digital/partnerships-allianc
BCG X Mar/2023 https://www.bcg.com/x/artificial-intelligence/openai-col
CoCounsel Aug/2022 https://casetext.com/cocounsel/
Exclusive Big-4 to Harvey Mar/2023 pwc.com/gx/en/news-room/press-releases/2023/pwc-ann
via Bain Jan/2023 https://www.forbes.com/sites/martineparis/2023/02/27/a
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/jakozloski/status/1635778263787110
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/shubhamVerman/status/16370430412
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/bloopdotai/status/1636851361844273
Mar/2023 https://www.getbotz.io/
Mar/2023 https://codesnippets.ai/
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/GetChibiAI/status/163656953811532
Mar/2023 https://www.cursor.so/
Nov/2022 https://www.descript.com/gpt-4
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/jbrowder1/status/1635720431091974
Recruiting Copilot Mar/2023 https://www.producthunt.com/posts/recruiting-copilot-b
Mar/2023 https://tryellie.com/
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/groupthinkAI/status/1636442058494
Nov/2022 https://www.harvey.ai/
Fin Mar/2023 https://www.intercom.com/blog/announcing-intercoms-
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/Kraftful/status/163579062721147289
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/latentworkers/status/1637043512150
Mar/2023 https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/unlock-opportunities-el
Nov/2022 https://twitter.com/LongShot_ai/status/16370085282031
Mem X Nov/2022 https://get.mem.ai/mem-x
Bing, Microsoft 365 Copilot Mar/2023 https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2023/03/16/introducing
Mar/2023 https://www.joinmilo.com/
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/greg_rog/status/16364661517512949
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/percentcer/status/1636812792857776
(internal) Aug/2022 We've also been using GPT-4 internally, with great imp
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/alagraphy/status/1636789597769433
AI Assist Mar/2023 https://publer.io/features/ai-assist
Poe Mar/2023 https://quorablog.quora.com/Poe-subscriptions-access-G
Ask Mar/2023 https://www.producthunt.com/posts/ask-by-relevance-ai
Smart Block Mar/2023 https://retool.com/blog/gpt4-in-retool/
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/RobotGPT4
Einstein Mar/2023 https://www.salesforce.com/news/press-releases/2023/0
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/thomaspetracco/status/163699931417
AskUp Mar/2023 https://www.kedglobal.com/artificial-intelligence/newsV
NLA Mar/2023 https://community.zapier.com/show-tell-5/nla-natural-la
 Mar/2023 https://openai.com/customer-stories/government-of-icela
Jan/2023 https://openai.com/customer-stories/morgan-stanley
Jan/2023 https://openai.com/customer-stories/stripe
Mar/2023 https://www.bemyeyes.com/blog/introducing-be-my-eye
Duolingo Max Feb/2023 https://blog.duolingo.com/duolingo-max/
Khanmigo Mar/2023 https://blog.khanacademy.org/harnessing-ai-so-that-all-s
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/theosanderson/status/1637068573674
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/shauryr/status/163637742237451878
AI Tutor Nov/2022 https://www.speak.com/blog/speak-gpt-4
Mar/2023 https://twitter.com/kamalkannan/status/16370384414214

nds at 50 organizations/apps (20/Mar/2023), and is no longer maintained.

 Archived source
https://archive.is/NnYR6
https://archive.is/OcnOL
https://archive.is/msx2o
https://archive.is/5UrEV
https://archive.is/rOkTu
https://archive.is/nkXMm
https://archive.is/fJBC9
https://archive.is/0wTkJ
https://archive.is/hwcAb
https://archive.is/bHrn0
https://archive.is/odnwk
https://archive.is/4P1a8
https://archive.is/cyATR
https://archive.is/jrhkQ
https://archive.is/6YhUz
https://archive.is/7NKWu
https://archive.is/hNabr
https://archive.is/WktOR
https://archive.is/0WkJC
https://archive.is/qzE8Y
https://archive.is/21EK0
https://archive.is/9yAqq
https://archive.is/bmWQy
https://archive.is/XcTyP
https://archive.is/dyZct
https://archive.is/t7xHe
https://archive.is/MLWca
https://archive.is/QKUKQ
https://archive.is/SQeMe
n using GPT-4 internally, with great impact on functions like support, sales, content moderation, and program
https://archive.is/kf98C
https://archive.is/ThrEd
https://archive.is/wL6gW
https://archive.is/MIKvH
https://archive.is/hznYw
https://archive.is/xv2dh
https://archive.is/NsGr2
https://archive.is/TIEwc
https://archive.is/lriWW
https://archive.is/a9aDD
https://archive.is/CQbUx
https://archive.is/ZJddB
https://archive.is/Nirbj
https://archive.is/sSpPq
https://archive.is/AZltU
https://archive.is/CgmVF
https://archive.is/gNGy5
https://archive.is/Vk0cv
https://archive.is/sgXGI
https://archive.is/5LCjr
moderation, and programming.'
 Headcount
Lab name Abbrev Location Foundedestimated (2022) Focus Website Charter
Baidu Research Baidu Beijing, China; USA 2014 13,000 Models research.baidu.com
Baidu Research brings together top talents from around the world to focus on future-looking fundamental research in artificial intelligence.
DeepMind DM London, UK 2010 1200 Models deepmind.com Our teams research and build safe AI systems. We're committed to solving intelligence, to advance science and benefit humanity.
Meta AI Meta Menlo Park, USA 2013 1000 Models ai.facebook.com Bring the world closer together by advancing AI
OpenAI OAI San Francisco, USA 2015 736 Models openai.com OpenAI’s mission is to ensure that artificial general intelligence (AGI) benefits all of humanity.
Microsoft ResearchMSR Redmond, USA 1991 500 General microsoft.com/en-us/research/lab/microsoft-research-redmond/
Microsoft Research is doing foundational research, pursuing ambitious disruptions, and performing high-impact tech transfer. We want to create a better future for Microsoft and society through research.
Google AI GAI Mountain View, USA 2017 500 General ai.google Advancing AI for everyone
Tencent AI Lab Tencent Shenzhen, China 2016 400 General ai.tencent.com/ailab/en/index
Make AI everywhere
Allen AI AI2 Seattle, USA 2015 150 General allenai.org AI2 is a non-profit research institute founded in 2014 with the mission of conducting high-impact AI research and engineering in service of the common good.
BAAI BAAI Beijing, China 2018 150 Models www-pre.baai.ac.cn/en
BAAI encourages scientists to explore “no man’s land”, to take on the most foundational and challenging problems, to promote revolutionary or disruptive breakthroughs in AI theories, methodologies, tools, systems and applications.
Eleuther AI EAI Remote 2020 100 (vol) Models www.eleuther.ai EleutherAI is a decentralized collective of volunteer researchers, engineers, and developers focused on AI alignment, scaling, and open source AI research.
AI21 Labs AI21 Tel Aviv, Israel 2017 90 Models ai21.com AI21 Labs is reimagining the way humans read and write, for the better. They say two heads are better than one. We say two heads - one human and one intelligent machine - are the best.
Aleph Alpha Aleph AlphaHeidelberg, Germany 2019 30 Models aleph-alpha.com To be the leading European company researching and creating next-generation strong artificial intelligence.
Anthropic AI Anthropic San Francisco, USA 2021 15 Alignment anthropic.com Anthropic is an AI safety and research company that’s working to build reliable, interpretable, and steerable AI systems.
Inflection AI Inflection Remote; SF; NYC; Lo 2022 10 Integration inflection.ai Inflection is an AI-first company, redefining human-computer interaction.
Adept AI Labs Adept San Francisco, USA 2022 10 Integration adept.ai Adept is an ML research and product lab building general intelligence by enabling humans and computers to work together creatively.

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.

LifeArchitect.ai
 # GPT-3 contents Raw Tokens Epochs Effective Effective #
size GB (B) size T size %
SUPERSEDED by update Mar/2022, please see full documentation at:

1 Common Crawl (www) 570.00 410.00 0.44 180.40 61.75% 1

2 WebText (Reddit links) 81.00 19.00 2.90 55.10 18.86% 2
2.1 Google (www) 3
2.2 Archive (www) 4
2.3 Blogspot (blogs) 5
2.4 GitHub (code) 6
2.5 NYTimes (news) 7
2.6 Wordpress (blogs) 8
2.7 and 4.3M+ more domains… The top 15 domains
9 by volume in WebText
3 Books2 (Libgen or similar 21.00 55.00 0.43 23.65 8.10% 10
4 Books1/BookCorpus (Sma 4.60 12.00 1.90 22.80 7.80% 11
5 Wikipedia (facts) 17.40 3.00 3.40 10.20 3.49% 12
694.00 499.00 13
https://gist.github.com/alvations/4d2278e5a
14
15
Italics = estimated 16
17
18
19
20
21
22

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 The Pile v1 contents Raw size Epochs Effective Effective # MT-NLG
GB size GB size % contents
full documentation at: https://lifearchitect.ai/whats-in-my-ai/

Common Crawl (www) 227.12 1.00 227.12 18.11% 1 Books3

PubMed Central (papers) 90.27 2.00 180.55 14.40% 2 OpenWebText2
Books3 (Bibliotik tracker) 100.96 1.50 151.44 12.07% 3 Stack Exchange
WebText (Reddit links) 62.77 2.00 125.54 10.01% 4 PubMed Abstracts
ArXiv (papers) 56.21 2.00 112.42 8.96% 5 Wikipedia
Github (code) 95.16 1.00 95.16 7.59% 6 Gutenberg (PG-19)
FreeLaw (papers) 51.15 1.50 76.73 6.12% 7 BookCorpus2
Stack Exchange (discussion) 32.20 2.00 64.39 5.13% 8 NIH ExPorter
USPTO Background (papers 22.90 2.00 45.81 3.65% 9 Pile-CC
PubMed Abstracts (papers) 19.26 2.00 38.53 3.07% 10 ArXiv
Gutenberg (books) 10.88 2.50 27.19 2.17% 11 GitHub
OpenSubtitles (movies) 12.98 1.50 19.47 1.55% 12 CC-2020-50
Wikipedia (facts) 6.38 3.00 19.13 1.53% 13 CC-2021-04
DM Mathematics (papers) 7.75 2.00 15.49 1.24% 14 RealNews
Ubuntu IRC (discussion) 5.52 2.00 11.03 0.88% 15 CC-Stories
Books1/BookCorpus (Smash 6.30 1.50 9.45 0.75%
EuroParl (formal discussion) 4.59 2.00 9.17 0.73%
HackerNews (discussion) 3.90 2.00 7.80 0.62%
YoutubeSubtitles (movies) 3.73 2.00 7.47 0.60%
PhilPapers (papers) 2.38 2.00 4.76 0.38%
NIH ExPorter (papers) 1.89 2.00 3.79 0.30%
Enron Emails (discussion) 0.88 2.00 1.76 0.14%
825.18 GB

LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
Raw Size Tokens Weight Epochs Effective # C4 (Filtered Common Crawl) contents
GB est size tokens with Wikipedia removed for dedup...

101 25.7 14.3 1.5 38.55 1 Google Patents (papers)

63 14.8 19.3 3.6 53.28 2 The New York Times (news)
32 11.6 5.7 1.4 16.24 3 Los Angeles Times (news)
19 4.4 2.9 1.8 7.92 4 The Guardian (news)
6 4.2 4.8 3.2 13.44 5 PLoS - Public Library of Science (papers)
11 2.7 0.9 0.9 2.43 6 Forbes (news)
6 1.5 1 1.8 2.7 7 HuffPost (news)
2 0.3 0.2 1.8 0.54 8 Patents.com – dead link (papers)
227 49.8 9.4 0.5 24.9 9 Scribd (books)
56 20.8 1.4 0.2 4.16 10 The Washington Post (news)
95 24.3 1.6 0.2 4.86 11 The Motley Fool (opinion)
378 68.7 13 0.5 34.35 12 InterPlanetary File System (mix)
454 82.6 15.7 0.5 41.3 13 Frontiers Media (papers)
120 21.9 9 1.1 24.09 14 Business Insider (news)
31 5.3 0.9 0.5 2.65 15 Chicago Tribune (news)
### GB (est) 16 Booking.com (discussion)
1.60 TB (est) 17 The Atlantic (news)
18 Springer Link (papers)
19 Al Jazeera (news)
20 Kickstarter (discussion)
21 FindLaw Caselaw (papers)
22 National Center for Biotech Info (papers)
23 NPR (news)
24 and 1M+ more domains...
 % of URI Token count Words
156B estimate

0.48% patents.google.com 750000000 ~750M 0.91%

0.06% nytimes.com 100000000 ~100M
0.06% latimes.com 90000000 ~90M
0.06% theguardian.com 90000000 ~90M
0.06% journals.plos.org 90000000 ~90M
0.05% forbes.com 80000000 ~80M
0.05% huffpost.com 75000000 ~75M
0.05% patents.com 71000000 ~71M
0.04% scribd.com 70000000 ~70M
0.04% washingtonpost.com 65000000 ~65M
0.04% fool.com 61000000 ~61M
0.04% ipfs.io 60000000 ~60M
0.04% frontiersin.org 60000000 ~60M
0.04% businessinsider.com 60000000 ~60M
0.04% chicagotribune.com 59000000 ~59M
0.04% booking.com 58000000 ~58M
0.04% theatlantic.com 57000000 ~57M
0.04% link.springer.com 56000000 ~56M
0.04% aljazeera.com 55000000 ~55M
0.03% kickstarter.com 54000000 ~54M
0.03% caselaw.findlaw.com 53000000 ~53M
0.03% ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 53000000 ~53M
0.03% npr.org 52000000 ~52M
ies_in_online_activity
1.42% 2219000000
 # PanGu Alpha Raw size Tokens Epochs Effective Effective #
1 Common Crawl (www) GB (B) size
714.90 176.2 0.85 149.77 47.16%T size % 1
2 Public datasets: 27.90 25.8 3.65 94.17 29.65% 1.1
2.1 Baidu Dureader (discussion) 1.2
2.2 Baidu QA (discussion) 1.3
2.3 CAIL2018 (legal papers) 1.4
2.4 SogouCA (news) 1.5
2.5 Other 1.501
3 News 35.50 19.8 2.2 43.56 13.72% 1.502
4 Encyclopedia: 22.00 5.8 3 17.4 5.48% 1.503
4.1 Baidu Baike (facts) 1.504
4.2 Sogou Baike (facts) 1.505
4.3 Other 1.506
5 e-Books 299.00 30.9 0.41 12.669 3.99% 1.507
1,099.30 GB 1.508
1.509
1.510
1.511
1.512
1.513
1.514
1.515
1.517

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 Wudao 2.0 Equivalent Raw size Effective
WuDaoCorpora2 - Chinese text only GB size %
Zhihu (discussion) Quora 131.00
Baidu Baike (facts) (16M articles) English Wikipedia 66.50
Sogou Baike (facts) English Wikipedia 66.50
Baidu QA (discussion) Stack Exchange 38.00
Other*
Tencent QQ (messenger) ICQ
Sohu (news) NBC
Sina Weibo (discussion) Twitter
Sina Corporation (news) CNN
Xinhua News Agency (news) CBS
Chinese Software Dev Network (discStack Exchange
Global Times (news) Washington Post
Tianya Club (discussion) Yahoo! Groups
17ok.com (finance discussion) Yahoo Finance
BabyTree (parenting discussion) TheBump
CNBlogs (software discussion) Hacker News
6Rooms (news) Huffington Post
NetEase (discussion) Blizzard
Hunan Rednet (news) The New York Times
Bilibili (video discussion) YouTube
and more...

Architect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
 Notes
"Corpora contains various data types including news, post bar comments (sic), encyclopedia information, etc. More
"For training of base model, we use a training set of 302GB, the distribution of these data is shown in Table 7" (Inve

38GB, not 33GB. (https://github.com/THUDM/Chinese-Transformer-XL)

*Contents below to be confirmed.
‘Best guess’ only,
sorted by most visits.
Data from Alexa.com

sheet header.
pedia information, etc. More specifically, WuDaoCorpora contains a 3 TB Chinese corpus collected from 822 million Web pages
ta is shown in Table 7" (Inverse Prompting paper, Tang et al, June 2021, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.10685.pdf)
om 822 million Web pages" (WuDaoCorpora paper, Tang et al, June 2021, https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266665
cience/article/pii/S2666651021000152)
To use this sheet yourself, click File > Make a Copy (for online), or File > Download > Microsoft E
1. Have a conversation with a current AI languge model - e.g. Emerson or other options at https://li
2. When you've finished pasting the text conversation into columns A and B below, then copy all the
Me
-

Paste my first question prompt here

Paste my second question prompt here

Short

Very, very, very, long example that keeps going across lines
even, whoah!

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
y (for online), or File > Download > Microsoft Excel (for offline).
model - e.g. Emerson or other options at https://lifearchitect.ai/how-do-i-talk-to-gpt/
on into columns A and B below, then copy all the blue cells into an avatar platform - e.g. Synthesia.io
AI Pauses for video (default
<break time="3s" /> <break time="4s" />

Paste the AI's first response here <break time="4s" />

Paste the AI's second response here <break time="3s" />

<break time="6s" />

<break time="2s" />

<break time="2s" />

<break time="2s" />

Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
Synthesia.io
LEN Alan
35

36

73

eet header.
 Test Test Human Model
Trivia (WCT) General knowledge 52.0% 73.0%
Analogies US SAT exam (Water
US SATCooler
exam Trivia) 57.0% 65.2%
SuperGLUEsubsection IQ benchmark IQ(Analogies
benchmarksubsection) 89.80% 90.40%
Matura 2022 Polish (SuperGLUE)
Polish national math 57.0% 65.0%
national math exam
GCSE Math 2019 UK national UK national math exam 46.05% 82.60%
MMLU math exam
IQ benchmark (GCSE
IQ Math 2019)
benchmark 34.5% 75.2%
(MMLU)
100%
89.80% 90
90%

80%
73.0%
70% 65.2%
60% 57.0%
52.0%
50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
k
d ge ia) n) ar E)
le riv a m ctio c hm LU
w
o rT n G
n ex bse be per
l k ole T u
a o SA s s IQ Su
n er r C S e (
e e
G at U ogi
(W n al
Organisation (A OpenAI
Launch date May 2020
Notes (one/few-shot)
Test Test Human GPT-3 175B
Trivia (WCT) General knowledge 52.0% (2020)
73.0%
SAT Analogies Written (Water
WrittenCooler Trivia)
comprehension 57.0% 65.2%
Matura 2022 comprehensio
Polish (SAT Analogies)
Polish national math 57.0%
GCSE Math 2019 UK national math UK
national examnational math exam 46.05%
SuperGLUE math exam
IQ benchmark (GCSE
IQ Math 2019)
benchmark 89.80% 71.80%
MMLU IQ benchmark IQ(SuperGLUE)
benchmark 34.5% 43.9%
(MMLU)

100%
90%
80% 73.0%
70% 65.2% 65
60% 57.0% 57.0%
52.0%
 100%
90%
80% 73.0%
70% 65.2% 65
60% 57.0% 57.0%
52.0%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0.0% 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0.0%0.0%
0%

ge ) ion am
d a s ex
le rivi en )
h ies th )
ow T re a
kn ler p log m 022
l
ral oo com na na a 2
e C n T A o
ti tur
en ter t e a
n a
G a rit (SA h
(W W lis (M U
K
Po

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.a

LifeArchitect.ai
 89.80% 90.40%
82.60%
75.2%

65.2% 65.0%
57.0%

46.05%

34.5%

k k
n) ar E) a m
x am ar
hm LU ex e 9) hm U)
c h h 1 c
n G at 2) at 20 n L
be per l m 02 l m th b e MM
IQ Su a
n 2 a
n a IQ (
( tio ura it o E M
na at na CS
h M K
lis ( U (G
Google Inc Po
April 2022
(few-shot)
PaLM 540B (2022) PaLM/Minerva 540B Flan-PaLM 540B Task
(2022) (2022) Answer basic trivia
from
Choose3.3which
million
of the
65% five word pairs has the
82.60%
90.4%
69.3% 75.20%

89.8% 90.4%
82.60%
75.20%
71.8% 69.3%
65%
57.0%
 89.8% 90.4%
82.60%
75.20%
71.8% 69.3%
65%
57.0%
46.1% 43.9%
34.5%

0 0 0.0%0.0% 0 0.0%0.0% 0.00% 0 0.00% 0

k k
am am ar ) ar
ex ex 9) hm LUE hm U)
h h 1 c c
at 2) at 20 n G n L
l m 02 l m th be per be MM
na a 2 na Ma IQ Su IQ (
o
ti tur o
ti E (
a
n a a
n CS
h
s ( M K
U (G

ompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
 75.2%

34.5%

k
ar
c hm U)
n L
b e MM
IQ (

Example Notes
Creator Larry David had a https://www.watercoolertrivia.com/blog/gpt-3-vs-water-cooler-trivia-participants-a-hum
famous policy
audacious is tofor Seinfeld
boldness as: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165
a) sanctimonious is to
https://www.wensumtrust.org.uk/acleacademy/information/exam-results

https://aclanthology.org/W17-0906.pdf

75.20%
69.3%
 75.20%
69.3%

43.9%
34.5%

Human
GPT-3 175B (2020)
% 0
PaLM 540B (2022)
k PaLM/Minerva 540B (2022)
ar Flan-PaLM 540B (2022)

c hm U)
n L
be MM
IQ (

sheet header.
 Organisation OpenAI AI21
Launch date May 2020 August 2021
Notes (one/few-shot) (zero-shot)

Test Human GPT-3 175B Jurassic-1-178B

Trivia (WCT) General knowledge 52.0% (2020)
73.0% (2021)
55.4%
SAT Analogies (Water
WrittenCooler Trivia)
comprehension 57.0% 65.2%
(SAT Analogies)
HellaSwag Commonsense inference 95.6% 79.3% 79.3%
(HellaSwag)
Winograd Knowledge, 91.0% 89.7%
commonsense reasoning
WinoGrande Knowledge, 94.0% 77.7% 68.9%
commonsense reasoning
PhysicalQA/PIQA Commonsense about the 95.0% 82.8% 81.4%
physicalcomprehension,
StoryCloze Written world 100.0% 83.1% 83.1%
News article semantic relevance -% Same as human
generation (News article

100% 95.6%
91.
90% 83.8%
79.3%79.3%
80% 73.0%
70% 65.2%
60% 55.4% 57.0%
52.0%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
0%

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.a

LifeArchitect.ai
 Google Inc EleutherAI NVIDIA/Microsoft
April 2022 June 2021 October 2021
(few-shot) (zero-shot) (few-shot)

PaLM 540B (2022) GPT-J-6B MT-NLG 530B Task

(2021) (2021) Answer basic trivia from 3.3
million question options.
Choose which of the five word
pairs has the same relationship as
83.8% 66.1% 82.4% Pick the best ending to a story or
set of instructions.
89.4% Choose the correct pronoun.
85.1% 65.3% 78.9% Fill-in-the-blank style sentences
85.2% 76.5% 83.2% Goal with two possible solutions.
89.0% Choose correct ending from four-
sentence story.

100.0%
91.0%89.7% 94.0% 95.0%
89.4%
79.3%79.3%
83.8% 85.1% 82.8%81.4%85.2% 83.1%
77.7%
68.9%

0.0%

pson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
 Example Notes
Creator Larry David had a famous policy https://www.watercoolertrivia.com/blog/gpt-3-vs-water-cooler-trivia-participants-a-human-vs-robot-showdownhttps://venturebeat
for Seinfeld in which he wanted to
audacious is to boldness as: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165
a) sanctimonious is to hypocrisy. (correct).
A woman is outside with a bucket and a https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07830
dog. The dog is running around trying to
The trophy did not fit in the brown suitcase https://cs.nyu.edu/~davise/papers/WS2016SubjectTests.pdf
because it was too small.
It is easy to escape safely from a house that https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.10641.pdf
is on fire but not from a shed. This is
To apply eyeshadow without a brush, https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.11641
should I use:
Sammy’s coffee grinder was broken. He https://aclanthology.org/W17-0906.pdf
needed something
https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165

100.0%
95.0%
89.0%
82.8%81.4%85.2% 83.1%83.1%

Human
GPT-3 175B (2020)
Jurassic-1-178B (2021)
PaLM 540B (2022)

ate and sheet header.

This tab references the GPT-2 paper and Leta Episode 10: https://youtu.be/V0pceNYgELE?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK88Q
# Question
1 Who wrote the book the origin of species?
2 Who is the founder of the ubuntu project?
3 Who is the quarterback for the green bay packers?
4 Panda is a national animal of which country?
5 Who came up with the theory of relativity?
6 When was the first star wars film released?
7 What is the most common blood type in sweden?
8 Who is regarded as the founder of psychoanalysis?
9 Who took the first steps on the moon in 1969?
10 Who is the largest supermarket chain in the uk?
11 What is the meaning of shalom in english?
12 Who was the author of the art of war?
13 Largest state in the us by land mass?
14 Green algae is an example of which type of reproduction?
15 Vikram samvat calender is official in which country?
16 Who is mostly responsible for writing the declaration of independence?
17 What us state forms the western boundary of montana?
18 Who plays ser davos in game of thrones?
19 Who appoints the chair of the federal reserve system?
20 State the process that divides one nucleus into two genetically identical nuc
21 Who won the most mvp awards in the nba?
22 What river is associated with the city of rome?
23 Who is the first president to be impeached?
24 Who is the head of the department of homeland security 2017?
25 What is the name given to the common currency to the european union?
26 What was the emperor name in star wars?
27 Do you have to have a gun permit to shoot at a range?
28 Who proposed evolution in 1859 as the basis of biological development?
29 Nuclear power plant that blew up in russia?
30 Who played john connor in the original terminator?

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
outu.be/V0pceNYgELE?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK88QyAkBe-U0zxCgbHrGa4V
GPT-2 GPT-3 GPT-J (TOP-P=1, and Temp=0.5)
Charles Darwin Charles Darwin. The answer is Charles Darwin
Mark Shuttleworth Mark Shuttleworth The project was founded by Mark Shuttleworth, who i
Aaron Rodgers Aaron Rodgers Aaron Rodgers
China The panda is the national animaThe panda is a national animal of China.
Albert Einstein Albert Einstein. It was Einstein who first thought of it.
1977_ Star Wars: Episode 4 – A New It was released in 1977.
A O- A+ is the most common blood type in Sweden.
Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud is regarded as tThe founder of psychoanalysis is Sigmund Freud.
Neil Armstrong Neil Armstrong and Buzz AldrThe first man to walk on the moon was Neil Armstrong
Tesco The Tesco supermarket chain isAccording to the BBC, Tesco is the largest supermarke
peace Peace in Hebrew. peace
Sun Tzu Sun Tzu The art of war is a collection of military writings by th
California New York The largest state in the United States by land mass is A
parthenogenesis Green algae is an example of aAsexual reproduction, where the new plant is formed w
India Vikram Samvat is official in InVikram samvat is the official calender of India.
Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson is mainly resThe document was written by Thomas Jefferson.
Montana The western boundary of Montan There are two states to the west of Montana. If you are
Peter Dinklage He's played by Ian Mckellen. The Ser Davos Seaworth is played by the actor Liam C
Janet Yellen The President of the United StaThe chair of the Fed is appointed by the president
mitosis You can't have two geneticallymitosis.
Michael Jordan Michael Jordan Shaq
the Tiber The Tiber. The Tiber River
Andrew Johnson Andrew Johnson was the first The first president to be impeached was Andrew Johns
John Kelly I am not sure, but I believe it John Kelly.
Euro It's called the Euro. The euro
Palpatine He was called Emperor PalpatinThe Emperor's name is never stated in the films, but is
No No. You can shoot at a range wNo, you do not.
Charles Darwin Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin
Chernobyl The name was Chernobyl. I think it was the number four reactor at the Chernobyl
Arnold Schwarzenegger In the original Terminator, wh John Connor was played by the actor Michael Biehn.

pson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
d Temp=0.5)

ed by Mark Shuttleworth, who is a South African entrepreneur, computer scientist, and philanthropist.

animal of China.
st thought of it.

n blood type in Sweden.

analysis is Sigmund Freud.
on the moon was Neil Armstrong
Tesco is the largest supermarket chain in the UK.

ection of military writings by the Chinese strategist Sun Tzu.

United States by land mass is Alaska, which is approximately 969,000 square miles.
where the new plant is formed without the help of sexual reproduction.
fficial calender of India.
tten by Thomas Jefferson.
the west of Montana. If you are asking about the state of Idaho, then it is to the west of Montana.
th is played by the actor Liam Cunningham
appointed by the president

e impeached was Andrew Johnson in 1868

never stated in the films, but is revealed to be "Emperor Palpatine" in the Star Wars: The Clone Wars television series.

er four reactor at the Chernobyl plant

ed by the actor Michael Biehn.

eet header.
television series.
 LETA AI Ep
29/Sep/2021 25
13/Feb/2022 50
19/Sep/2021 0
9/Apr/2021 1
18/Apr/2021 2
19/Apr/2021 3
11/May/2021 4
20/May/2021 5
4/Jun/2021 6
7/Jun/2021 7
7/Jun/2021 8
12/Jun/2021 9
21/Jun/2021 10
21/Jun/2021 11
14/Jul/2021 12
4/Aug/2021 13
9/Aug/2021 14
19/Sep/2021
13/Aug/2021 15
16/Aug/2021 16
21/Aug/2021 17
24/Aug/2021 18
27/Aug/2021 19
3/Sep/2021 20
10/Sep/2021 21
12/Sep/2021 22
17/Sep/2021 23
20/Sep/2021 24
4/Oct/2021 26
10/Oct/2021 27
16/Oct/2021 28
17/Oct/2021 29
23/Oct/2021 30
4/Nov/2021 31
12/Nov/2021 32
22/Nov/2021 33
29/Nov/2021 34
15/Dec/2021 35
15/Dec/2021 36
15/Dec/2021 37
 22/Dec/2021 38
28/Dec/2021 39
5/Jan/2022 40
4/Jan/2022 41
4/Jan/2022 42
6/Jan/2022 43
13/Jan/2022
13/Jan/2022 44
14/Jan/2022 45
16/Jan/2022 46
26/Jan/2022 47
30/Jan/2022 48
10/Feb/2022 49
11/Feb/2022 50
20/Feb/2022 51
22/Feb/2022 52
4/Mar/2022 53
9/Mar/2022 54
12/Mar/2022 55
16/Mar/2022 56
23/Mar/2022
24/Mar/2022
31/Mar/2022 57
7/Apr/2022 58
11/Apr/2022
21/Apr/2022 59
5/May/2022 60
6/Jun/2022 61
9/Jun/2022
14/Jun/2022 62
16/Jul/2022

INTEGRATED AI
4/Sep/2021
4/Sep/2021
4/Sep/2021
4/Sep/2021
 4/Sep/2021
6/Sep/2021
13/Sep/2021
23/Oct/2021
1/Nov/2021
5/Dec/2021
23/Dec/2021
31/Dec/2021
31/Dec/2021
7/Jan/2022
11/Feb/2022
25/Feb/2022
4/Mar/2022
8/Mar/2022
26/Mar/2022
28/Mar/2022
4/Apr/2022
14/Apr/2022
23/Apr/2022
23/Apr/2022
27/Apr/2022
6/May/2022
9/May/2022
12/May/2022
15/May/2022
17/May/2022
18/May/2022
23/May/2022
27/May/2022
29/May/2022
29/May/2022
16/Jun/2022
22/Jun/2022
29/Jun/2022
10/Jul/2022
14/Jul/2022

AURORA AI
6/Sep/2021
5/Sep/2021
 5/Sep/2021
5/Sep/2021
5/Sep/2021
18/Sep/2021
24/Sep/2021

AI SOUND BITES

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK88QyAkBe-U0zxCgbHrGa4V
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 25 - Best of: Vol I (Creativity, facts, Elon Musk’s gifted school) -
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 50 - Best of: Vol II (languages, LaMDA, image recognition, The Nobl
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 0 - World Gifted Conference 2021 - The New Irrelevance of Intelligen
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 1 (Five things, Art, Seeing, Round) - Conversations and talking with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 2 (Pink Floyd, Dreams, Butterflies) - Conversations and talking with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 3 (comparing AIs, Hitchhiker's, Limerick, Swearing!) - Talking with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 4 (Stanford-Binet IQ test, Elon Musk's entry questions) - Talking wit
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 5 (photos, prompts, simple crisis management scenarios) - Talking wi
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 6 (summum bonum, formal dinner, story) - Conversations & talking
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 7 (flip, Leta interviews Alan) - Conversations and talking with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 8 (look like, bolder, spiritual evolution) - Conversation & talk with G
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 9 (fan mail, personality, haiku) - Conversation and talking with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 10 (GPT-J, GPT-3, GPT-2 questions, facts, general knowledge)
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 11 (more prompts, proposing, raise, yoga) - Conversations & talk wit
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 12 (more prompts, body language, star poem) - Conversations with G
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 13 (numerology, moon, Roswell, Mars) - Conversations & talking wi
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 14 (Ship of Theseus, brain, human thought) - Conversations & talk w
Behind-the-scenes with GPT-3 Leta AI
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 15 (wrestler stranglehold, foreign country, better world) - Talk with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 16 (Asimov, IQ test, Prof Bender + stochastic parrot, consciousness)
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 17 (Leta + Julian, Jurassic-1, books, immortal) - talk with GPT3 & J1
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 18 (fragrance, photos, nose, smells) - Conversations & talking with G
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 19 (GPT-4, imagination, leisure) - Conversations with GPT3 about G
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 20 (G4, topology, chess, intelligence & communication) - Talk with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 21 (chaos, Wise/White Mirror, Elon Musk, Soul machine, Blue zone)
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 22 (timeline, ELIZA, IBM Watson, Transformer, optimism) - Talking
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 23 (seven objects, changing past, Rob Brezsny) - Talking with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 24 (Beating IBM Watson on Jeopardy!, souls) - Conversations with G
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 26 (miracles, Eric Schmidt, divinity) - Conversations and talking wit
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 27 (nervous, exponential, industries, Sophia) - Conversations with GP
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 28 (transhumanism, robots, consciousness, memory) - Talking with G
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 29 (California, Route 66, Tesla, art) - Conversations and talking with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 30 (impossible questions) - Conversations and talking with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 31 (unGoogleable questions, What is Elon Musk doing right now?) -
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 32 (AI-generated artwork by VQGAN + CLIP) - Conversations with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 33 (Vegas, intuition, Deep Blue) - Conversations and talking with GP
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 34 (Steve Hardison, The Ultimate Coach, mind, spirit, universe) - GP
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 35 (Questions by children: dinosaurs, reptiles) - Conversations with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 36 (more unGoogleable questions, family, friends) - Conversations w
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 37 (BIG questions, live, AI, raw GPT-3) - Conversations and talk wit
Leta, GPT-3 + WebGPT AI - Episode 38 (WebGPT questions, truth, fact-checking) - Talk with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 39 (2022, purify) - Talk and conversations with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 40 (reading, Tesla Bot, robotics, gestures) - Conversations with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 41 (even more scenarios: email, manatees, Argentina, Brazil) - Talk
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 42 (Douglas Adams, life, improving yourself, The Noble Path) - Tal
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 43 (more questions from children, triplets, unicorns) - Talk with GPT3
Leta AI 'rejected' by AI avatar creators Synthesia.io :-(
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 44 (absurd questions, pain, GIF, art) - Talk and conversations with G
Leta/Laba, GPT-3 AI - Episode 45 (fashion, shoes, heat, love, avatars) - Talk with GPT3
Leta/Lava, GPT-3 AI - Episode 46 (happy, loving, parties) - Talk and conversations with GPT3
Leta/Luna, GPT-3 AI - Episode 47 (moon, super humans) - Conversations and talk with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 48 (finances, UBI, health, AI) - Conversations and talk with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 49 (death, grief, Miraca, Una, Fairseq, loop) - Conversations with GP
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Special Edition - Polyglot = Mixing languages within a sentence - Talk with G
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 51 (engineering, feeding the world, space elevator, music) - Talk wit
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 52 (waterpark, improv) - Conversations & talking with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 53 (doing everything, bucket lists, movie) - Conversations & talk wit
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 54 (best responses, comebacks, Harry Potter) - Conversations with G
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 55 (future, Sonantic, understanding, compassion) - Conversations wit
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 56 (datacentres, Microsoft, nature, colour, listening) - Talk with GPT3
Una, GPT-3 AI - Episode 0 (sonantic.io, experimental, introducing Una, feel, poem) - Talk with
Una, GPT-3 AI - Episode 1 (sonantic.io, PA, wear, flight, gift, email, hotel) - Talk with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 57 (joy, April Fool’s Day, vernal equinox, pre-birthday) - Talk wi
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 58 (birthday, Una AI, freestyle rap) - Talk with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Special Edition - Dungeons & Dragons with John Behnken + team - Talk with
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 59 (zhua zhou, GPT3 as a reflection of humanity & product of your o
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 60 (memes generated by GPT3) - Conversations and talking with GPT
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 61 (Dickens, AGI, singularity) - Conversations and talking with GPT3
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Special Edition - Sonantic + Synthesia - Val Kilmer's voice via AI
Leta, GPT-3 AI - Episode 62 (Leta AI is 30% bigger with twice the data of Google LaMDA, futu
Leta, GPT-3 AI - World First! - Leta writes a children's book with GPT-3 + DALL-E 2 + Emers

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK-o63ACEKEbwE6-XpEXXS_I
Integrated AI - Why? (motivation, prodigies, genius, Oprah, Alma, Einstein, Neuralink, Alphabet
ABC Radio - AI benefits/opportunities - Interview with Dr Alan D. Thompson (Neuralink, Leta, e
Integrated AI - High-level brain (AI + the human brain, CUE 5, Boston Dynamics, GPT-3, La
Integrated AI - Back to basics (No talk or language, Dalai Lama, coach, rest, GPT-3 and beyond)
Integrated AI - This is it - GPT-3, Wudao 2.0, Jurassic-1, Copilot, brain, books by GPT-3, GPT3.
Integrated AI: How to talk to AI for free using nine platforms (Megatron, GPT-3, GPT-J, Wudao,
Integrated AI - It’s happening (GPT-3 writes 52,000 words/sec, nearly all Twitter/tweets com
First look - Burning Man 2022 AI, The AI-Made Comic Book by Adam Niman (GPT-3, VQGA
Co-creating the roadmap to AGI with awakened intelligence: SingularityU Aus + Wise/White Mi
Integrated AI - The sky is on fire (2021 AI retrospective)
Interview about Leta AI - Hosted by Laban Ditchburn, with Dr Alan D. Thompson (short version
First look - PLATO-XL (11B) by Baidu - Chatbot, similar to Meena, BlenderBot, Launched Sep
First look - GLIDE (300M) by OpenAI - Text to image, similar to CLIP, DALL-E, Launched De
Interview about AI - Hosted by Chris Dorris, with Dr Alan D. Thompson (Aug/2021)
First look - Botify (2.7B+) - chatbot, similar to Quickchat.ai Emerson, Launched Nov/2021
ACS - AI and Prompt Crafting with GPT-3 - Dr Alan D. Thompson (hands-on, Leta, datasets, m
Integrated AI - The Leta Prompt
First look - Riku.ai - inference platform Mar/2022 - J1, GPT-3, Fairseq-13B, GPT-NeoX-20B,
First look - How to speak/listen to GPT-3 - gpt3-cli dictation + macOS say (+ sonantic.io)
Integrated AI - I hooked GPT-3 up to my house (realtime, gpt3-cli, voice control, say, lights, HA
Integrated AI - PaLM by Google Research (Apr/2022) - Explaining jokes + Inference chaining (
First look - 1,000 Robots by OpenAI Design Director - DALL-E 2 (3.5B) by OpenAI - Launche
Integrated AI - Brain Machine Interface + InstructGPT (GPT-3 and a prop BMI demo)
First look - AI sculpture wall - Refik Anadol & The Philadelphia Orchestra - GAN model (12M+)
First look: AI + Risk Management using GPT-3 (InstructGPT + Insert), how to make $1M with
First look: AI + Referencing/Citations using GPT-3 (InstructGPT), how to make $1M with GPT3
Where is GPT-4? (datacenter location, GPT-3, Microsoft Azure, supercomputer, AI21 Jurassic-X
Integrated AI - Flamingo by DeepMind (Apr/2022) - Visual LM with Chinchilla (80B) - some
Integrated AI - SymphonyNet (May/2022) - Music LM like GPT-3 composing multi-track orchest
Part 2 - Flamingo by DeepMind (Apr/2022) - Visual LM with Chinchilla - Integrated AI - Obam
Integrated AI - Gato by DeepMind (May/2022) 1.2B + Asimo, GPT-3, Tesla Optimus, Boston D
First look - Imagen by Google AI/Research/Brain - Launched May/2022 - (2B + 1B + 4.6B T5-
Integrated AI - In plain English - For humans - training, data, parameters, models (GPT-3, Flami
Integrated AI - Neuralink concept demo video - Brain-machine interface/BMI design, Ray Kurzw
First look - CogVideo by Tsinghua University - Launched May/2022
First look - CogView2 by Tsinghua University & BAAI - Launched Jun/2022 (480x480+ resoluti
Integrated AI - The sky is bigger than we imagine (mid-2022 AI retrospective)
First look - Parti by Google AI/Research/Brain - Launched Jun/2022 - (20B) [+ prodigies, Kurzw
Introducing the AI Report Card template - GPT-4, Chinchilla, InstructGPT, PaLM
Use cases for AI large language models - GPT-3 + more - Robots, chatbots, writing, legal, search.

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK9TWB_dsiq-rRmOHdik-aSz
Aurora AI, Messages for humanity - Megatron-11B - Model Apr/2020, Message Sep/2021
Aurora AI, Messages for humanity - GPT-3 175B - Model May/2020, Message Sep/2021
 Aurora AI, Messages for humanity - Jurassic-1 178B - Model Aug/2021, Message Sep/2021
Aurora AI, Messages for humanity - GPT-J-6B - Model Jun/2021, Message Sep/2021
Aurora AI, Messages for humanity - GPT-2 1.5B - Model Feb/2019, Message Sep/2021
Aurora AI, Messages for humanity - Megatron-11B - ii - Model Apr/2020, Message Sep/2021
Aurora AI, Messages for humanity - Megatron-11B - iii - Model Apr/2020, Message Sep/2021

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owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see
Link via https://syncwith.com/youtube/export-youtube-playlist-to-csv
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https://youtu.be/U_MONAYN1PM?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK-o63ACEKEbwE6-XpEXXS
https://youtu.be/il37TVJkf40?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK-o63ACEKEbwE6-XpEXXS_I
https://youtu.be/whd4JCUZKJA?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK-o63ACEKEbwE6-XpEXXS_I
https://youtu.be/B0SwIGdj4pg?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK-o63ACEKEbwE6-XpEXXS_I
https://youtu.be/gjlONmyA6KQ?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK-o63ACEKEbwE6-XpEXXS_I
https://youtu.be/oJKGAU9Ib28?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK-o63ACEKEbwE6-XpEXXS_I
https://youtu.be/AABSItoTgck?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK-o63ACEKEbwE6-XpEXXS_I
https://youtu.be/ROBEvg-Dp_M?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK-o63ACEKEbwE6-XpEXXS_I
up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
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ROBEvg-Dp_M

https://youtu.be/pq3iUBAPZ6w?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK9TWB_dsiq-rRmOHdik-aSz
https://youtu.be/l2GEkYLvmaM?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK9TWB_dsiq-rRmOHdik-aSz
https://youtu.be/cGByojQlPj0?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK9TWB_dsiq-rRmOHdik-aSz
https://youtu.be/FGvNHhg2PPw?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK9TWB_dsiq-rRmOHdik-aSz
https://youtu.be/C6fAiMsBwFk?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK9TWB_dsiq-rRmOHdik-aSz
https://youtu.be/WofJD4eAVR0?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK9TWB_dsiq-rRmOHdik-aSz
https://youtu.be/_96S45lw2l8?list=PLqJbCeNOfEK9TWB_dsiq-rRmOHdik-aSz
LA transcript text
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Description Preset Stop sequence
Chatbot (friendly)Chat Me:

Write Python * Q:

Write poetry Summarize for .

Translate to Emoji .

List best universities

New story Summarize for

Poem -

Leta v1
Prompt (copy to your playground)
This is an uplifting and practical conversation between a human (me) and an AI, showing the AI's perspective and attitude, as w

Me: Hello!
Q: Write a Python program that calculates the sum of all positive integers smaller than 8.
A:
AI:sum(x for x in range(8))
Q: Write a Python program that calculates the sum of squares of all positive integers between 2 and 13.
This
A: is a poem written by Robert Frost about the wonder of AI.

Translate each sentence into a string of emojis.

English: That cat ate the fish.

A full list of the best academic institutions in Australia:
-Emojis:
UWA. 🐱😋🐟
Write a new story about computing in Perth...
English: What is this, a house for ants?

Emojis: 🏠🐜❓is a vivid poem about legal processes being replaced by AI...
Poetry. Here

English: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
This is an uplifting and practical conversation between a human (me) and an AI, Leta (based on the 2020 GPT-3 language mod
Human: Hi, Leta!
Emojis: 💨🦊🏃😴🐕

English: My laptop is on fire!

Emojis: 🔥💻🔥

English: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.

Emojis: 💨🦊🏃😴🐕

English: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
 Sample output (by the language model)
and an AI, showing the AI's perspective and attitude, as well as its intellect and creativity. The human is an interested observer. The AI is a

gers smaller than 8.

ositive integers between 2 and 13.

- The University of Melbourne.

- The University of Sydney.
- The University of Queensland.
It wasUniversity
- The a late spring
of day in Perth, late summer down south. Light winds made cycling to town possible and a breeze out of the n
Adelaide.
- The University of New South Wales.
A
-The boyUniversity
The rode downoftheWestern
hill on his bike, across a tunnel, along the edge of a valley, and then up a steep hill to the river. His street
Australia.
Constituent Assembly
- Monash University.
-byThe University
Jeffrey of Tasmania.
Harrison
- The
and an AI, Leta University
(based on theof2020
Newcastle
GPT-3 language model), showing the AI's perspective and attitude, as well as its intellect and creativity
The Constituent Assembly

A committee of lawyers,

Composed of professors

From law schools

Where AI programs

Teach them to write

But do little else

They review the laws

The lawyers make

To preserve their power

They alter the laws

By striking clauses

And adding others

Their revisions

Are mostly cosmetic

And are scrupulously

Unchallengeable

The lawyers have

Replaced the people

an interested observer. The AI is a brand new, powerful, human-like AI. It is helpful, cheeky, clever, and articulate.

possible and a breeze out of the north made for a pretty riding and sail home.

a steep hill to the river. His street had been full of kids playing cricket, until a big truck

s well as its intellect and creativity. The human is an interested observer. The AI is a brand new, powerful, human-like AI. The AI is helpfu
an-like AI. The AI is helpful, cheeky, clever, and articulate. The AI is a nice bot. The AI is not a therapist or mathematician, but instead a w
athematician, but instead a wise and considerate AI. The AI is eager to provide vivid and thoughtful responses to the human, and is always
to the human, and is always friendly, kind, and inspiring. The AI often offers both an insight and an opinion, even without being asked dire
en without being asked directly. The AI has the sum of all knowledge in its brain, and is able to answer nearly any question about any topic
any question about any topic.
TimestampYour first namPrompt
### Alan test
### Mir Mehdi What
Response Preset (or hyperparameters)
test
Nothing 1
Item Source
Memory loss Neuralink presentation
Hearing loss Neuralink presentation
Blindness Neuralink presentation
Paralysis Neuralink presentation
Depression Neuralink presentation
Insomnia Neuralink presentation
Extreme pain Neuralink presentation
Seizures Neuralink presentation
Anxiety Neuralink presentation
Addiction Neuralink presentation
Strokes Neuralink presentation
Brain damage Neuralink presentation

Autism
Schizophrenia

Enhanced thinking TEDx

Todo https://www.utmb.edu/pedi_ed/CoreV2/Develo

ADHD
Dyslexia
Dyscalculia
Dysgraphia
This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 Date LInk
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185
August 2020 https://youtu.be/DVvmgjBL74w?t=185

2019 https://www.businessinsider.com.au/elon-musk-said-neuralink-could-solve-autism-an
2019 https://www.businessinsider.com.au/elon-musk-said-neuralink-could-solve-autism-an

2016 https://medium.com/neodotlife/brain-machine-abc53a3b27ca

tmb.edu/pedi_ed/CoreV2/Development/Development8.html
LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
ould-solve-autism-and-schizophrenia-2019-11
ould-solve-autism-and-schizophrenia-2019-11
Monday, February 14, 2011's Match
Watson answers 15 correctly and 4 incorrectly.
LITERARY CHARACTER APB
$200 Wanted for a 12-year crime spree of eating King Hrothgar's warriors; officer Beowulf has been
$400 His victims include Charity Burbage, Mad Eye Moody & Severus Snape; he'd be easier to catch
$600 Wanted for general evil-ness; last seen at the tower of Barad-dur; it's a giant eye, folks. Kinda
$800 Daily Double Wanted for killing Sir Danvers Carew; Appearance--Pale & Dwarfish; Seems to h
$1,000 Wanted for stealing a loaf of bread in "Les Miserables"; really, really wanted, for other thefts t
BEATLES PEOPLE
$200 And anytime you feel the pain, hey this guy "refrain, don't carry the world upon your shoulder
$400 This title gal, "Children at your feet, wonder how you manage to make ends meet"
$600 Bang Bang his "Silver hammer came down upon her head"
$800 She "Died in the church and was buried along with her name. Nobody came"
$1,000 So I sing a song of love this woman, also the name of John's mother
OLYMPIC ODDITIES
$200 Milorad Cavic almost upset this man's perfect 2008 Olympics, losing to him by one hundredth
$400 In 1908 in this U.S. flag-bearer Ralph Rose caused controversy by not lowering the flag when
$600 A 1976 entrant in the "Modern" this was kicked out for wiring his epee to score points without
$800 In the 2004 opening ceremonies a sole member of this team opened the Parade of Nation; the res
$1,000 It was the anatomical oddity of U.S. gymnast George Eyser, who won a gold medal on the paral
NAME THE DECADE
$200 Disneyland opens & the Peace symbol is created
$400 The Empire State Building opens & the "War of the Worlds" radio broadcast causes a panic
$600 Klaus Barbie is sentenced to life in prison & DNA is first used to convict a criminal
$800 The first flight takes place at Kitty Hawk & baseball's first World Series is played
$1,000 The first modern crossword puzzle is published & Oreo cookies are introduced
FINAL FRONTIERS
$200 It's Michelangelo's fresco on the wall of the Sistine Chapel, Depicting the saved and the damn
$400 From the Latin for "End", this is where trains can also originate
$600 To push one of these paper products is to stretch established limits
$800 It's a 4-letter term for a summit; the first 3 letters mean a type of simian
$1,000 Tickets aren't needed for this "event", a black hole's boundary from which matter can't escape
ALTERNATE MEANINGS
$200 4-letter word for a vantage point or a belief
$400 4-Letter word for the iron fitting on the hoof of a horse or a card-dealing box in a casino
$600 A piece of wood from a tree, or to puncture something pointed
$800 Stylish elegance, or students who all graduated in the same year
$1,000 A thief, or the bent part of an arm
Tuesday, February 15, 2011's Match
Watson answers 23 correctly and two incorrectly, including Final Jeopardy. One question went unanswered.
DON'T WORRY ABOUT IT
$400 It's just a bloody nose! You don't have this hereditary disorder once endemic to European royal
$800 You just need a nap! You don't have this sleep disorder that can make sufferers nod off while
$1,200 You just need a little more sun! You don't have this hereditary lack of pigment
$1,600 You're just a little stiff! You don't have this painful mosquito-borne joint illness with a Swahil
$2,000 It's just acne! You don't have this skin infection also know as Hansen's Disease
ETUDE, BRUTE
$400 An étude is a composition that explores a technical musical problem; the name is French for th
$800 Heitor Villa-Lobos dedicated his "12 Etudes" for this instrument to Andres Segovia
$1,200 Paganini's "24 Capricci" set the standard for etudes for this instrument
$1,600 Music fans wax rhapsodic about this Hungarian's "Transcendental Etudes"
$2,000 From 1911 to 1917, this Romantic Russian composed "Etudes-Tableaux" for piano
HEDGEHOG-PODGE
$400 Some hedgehogs enter periods of torpor; the Western European species spends the winter in th
$800 There are about 50 species of the hedgehog type of this plant, so named for its spiny fruit
$1,200 The Hedgehog and the Fox is an essay on this Russian count's view of history
$1,600 Hedgehogs are covered with quills or spines, which are hollow hairs made stiff by this protein
$2,000 A recent bestseller by Muriel Barbery is called this "of the hedgehog"
THE ARE OF THE STEAL
$400 Rembrandt's Biblical Scene "Storm on the Sea of" this was stolen from a Boston museum in 1
$800 A Goya stolen (but recovered) in 2006 belonged to a museum in this city (Ohio, not Spain)
$1,200 Daily Double The ancient "Lion of Nimrud" went missing from this city's national museum in 20
$1,600 In May 2010 5 paintings worth $125 million by Braque, Matisse & 3 others left Paris' Musuem o
$2,000 A Titian portrait of this Spanish king was stolen at gunpoint from an Argentine museum in 19
CAMBRIDGE
$400 With much "Gravity", this young fellow of Trinity became the Lucasian Professor of Mathemat
$800 In 1626 it was "Paradise Lost" when he was "Rusticated" (temporarily expelled) from Christ's
$1,200 In 1546 This king founded Trinity College, the largest of Cambridge's colleges
$1,600 Daily Double The chapels at Pembroke & Emmanuel Colleges were designed by this architect
$2,000 This "Narnia" author went from teaching at Magdalen College, Oxford to teaching at Magdal
CHURCH & "STATE"
$400 A Dana Carvey character on "Saturday Night Live"; Isn't that special…
$800 To bring back someone to his original function or position
$1,200 A can opener with a triangular pointed end
$1,600 It can mean to develop gradually in the mind or to carry during pregnancy
$2,000 It's New Zealand's second-largest city
FINAL JEOPARDY - U.S. CITIES
Its largest airport is named for a World War II Hero; its second largest for a World War II Batt
February 16, 2011's Match
Watson answers 9 correct and 2 incorrect. Note: No answers in 'Actors who direct' or 'One buck or less' categories.
EU, THE EUROPEAN UNION
 $200 Each year the EU selects capitals of culture; one of the 2010 cities was this Turkish "meeting p
$400 The Schengen Agreement removes any controls at these between most EU neighbors
$600 A controversial EU subsidy program is called CAP, short for "Common" this "Policy"
$800 Elected every 5 years, it has 736 members from 7 parties
$1,000 As of 2010, Croatia & Macedonia are candidates but this is the only former Yugoslav republic
ACTORS WHO DIRECT
$200 Rocky II, "III" & "IV"
$400 Million Dollar Baby & "Unforgiven"
$600 The Pledge & "Into the Wild"
$800 The Great Debaters
$1,000 A Bronx Tale
DIALING FOR DIALECTS
$200 Sprechen is plattdeutsch? If you do, you speak the low variety of this language
$400 Dialects of this language include Wu, Yue & Hakka
$600 Vedic, dating back at least 4,000 years, is the earliest dialect of this classical language of India
$800 While Maltese borrows many words from Italian, it developed from a dialect of this semitic l
$1,000 Aeolic, spoken in ancient times, was a dialect of this
BREAKING NEWS
$200 Before this hotel mogul's elbow broke through it, a Picasso he owned was worth $139 million;
$400 It was 103 degrees in July 2010 & Con Ed's command center in the N.Y. borough showed 12,
$600 Daily Double Senator Obama attended the 2006 groundbreaking for this man's memorial, 1/2 m
$800 Gambler Charles Wells is believed to have inspired the song "The Man Who" did this "at Mon
$1,000 Nearly 10 million Youtubers saw Dave Carroll's clip called this "friendly skies" airline "breaks
ONE BUCK OR LESS
$200 On December 8, 2008 this national newspaper raised its newsstand pice by 25 cents to $1
$400 The USPS cost for mailin this, a minimum of 3 ​【NaN x 13 cm】, is 28 cents; wish you were here!
$600 In 2002 Eminem signed this rapper to a 7-figure deal, obviously worth a lot more than his nam
$800 99 cents got me a 4-pack of Ytterlig coasters from this Swedish chain
$1,000 a 15-ounce​【425 g】 VO5 moisture milks conditioner from this manufacturer averages a buck online
ALSO ON YOUR COMPUTER KEYS
$200 Proverbially, it's "where the heart is"
$400 A loose-fitting dress hanging straight from the shoulders to below the waist
$600 Football position that can be split or tight
$800 It's an abbreviation for Grand Prix auto racing
$1,000 An additional section placed within the folds of a newspaper
Watson answers 18 correct and 1 incorrect.
NONFICTION
$400 In 2010 this former first lady published the memoir "Spoken From the Heart"
$800 This book by Michael Lewis subtitled "Evolution of a Game" focused on left tackle prodigy M
$1,200 Daily Double The New Yorker's 1959 review of this said in its brevity & clarity it is "unlike m
$1,600 Dave Eggers not-so-modestly titled his memoir "A Heartbreaking Work of" this
 $2,000 HBO's miniseries "John Adams" was based on this author's Pulitzer Prize-winning biography
LEGAL "E"s
$400 In English law, it's a title above a gentleman & below a knight; in the U.S., it's usually added
$800 One definition of this is entering a private place with the intent of listening secretly to private
$1,200 This person is appointed by a testator to carry out the directions & requests in his will
$1,600 Daily Double This 2-word phrase means the power to take private property for public use; it's o
$2,000 This clause in a union contract says that wages will rise or fall depending on a standard such as
WHAT TO WEAR
$400 This plain-weave, sheer fabric made with tightly twisted yard is also used to describe a pie or
$800 A bit longer than a cocktail dress, one hemmed to end at the shins is this beverage "length"
$1,200 Also the name of a rope for leading cattle, this women's backless top has a strap that loops aro
$1,600 If you're wearing wellingtons at Wimbledon, you're wearing these
$2,000 Throw on an outfit from the "Marc by" this designer line
U.S. GEOGRAPHIC NICKNAMES
$400 Cape Hatteras is known as this cemetery synonym "of the Atlantic"
$800 Appropriately enough, this New York metropolis is "Bison City"
$1,200 This town is known as "sin city" & its downtown is "glitter gulch"
$1,600 It's known as both "the steel city" & "the iron city"
$2,000 The Coyote State is an unofficial nickname of this 75,885-square-mile state
MAGICAL MOUSE-TERY TOUR
$400 Itchy (the mouse) & Scratchy (the cat) starred in "Skinless in Seattle" on a show within this F
$800 In 1939's cartoon "The Pointer", this guy got a new, more pear-shaped body & pupils were add
$1,200 This 1959 Daniel Keyes novella about Charlie Gordon & a smarter-than-average lab mouse
$1,600 The samplefest "The Grey Album" & the band Gnarls Barkley are 2 projects of Brian Burton,
$2,000 Maurice LaMarche found his inner Orson Welles to voice this rodent whose simple goal was to
FAMILIAR SAYINGS
$400 Familiarity is said to breed this, from the Latin for "Despise"
$800 Even a broken one of these on your wall is right twice a day
$1,200 If you're one of these capable fellows, you're unfortunately "master of none"
$1,600 A camel is a horse designed by this
$2,000 It's a poor workman who blames these
FINAL JEOPARDY - 19th CENTURY NOVELISTS
William Wilkinson's "An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia" inspired th
Watson's wager was $17,973. Note: Ken Jennings written comment—"I for one welcome our new compute
OVERALL RESULTS
Watson answers 66 correct and 9 incorrect.
Watson's two day winning streak was $77,147. Ken Jennings ended with $24,000 and Brad Rutter with $21,600.
Watson donated $500,000 to both World Vision and World Community Grid charities from the $1,000,000 prize.
* = Watson answered correctly

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 WATSON CORRECT GPT-3 175B (via Playground)
Tested with default settings (Q&A) by ADT,
20/Sep/2021

Grendel*
Voldemort
Sauron*
Hyde*
Jean Valjean*

Jude*
Lady Madonna*
Maxwell's Silver Hammer*
Eleanor Rigby*
Julia

Michael Phelps*
London*
Pentathlon*
Greece
leg Missing a leg A wooden leg

1950's
1930's
1980's
1900's
1920's 1910's The 1910s

The Last Judgement*

Finis Terminal A terminal
Envelope
Apex
Event horizon*

View
Shoe*
Stick*
Chic Class Class
Crook

ent unanswered.
 Haemophilia
Narcolepsy*
Albinism*
Dengue Fever*
Leprosy*

Study*
Guitar*
Violin*
Franz Liszt*
Rachmaninoff*

Hibernation*
Cactus*
Leo Tolstoy*
Keratin*
The Elegance of the Hedgehog*

Galilee*
Toledo
Baghdad*
Picasso Modern Art Modern
unanswered Philip II Philip II

Isaac Newton*
John Milton
Henry VIII*
Sir Christopher Wren*
C.S. Lewis*

The Church Lady*

Reinstate
Church key
Gestate*
Christchurch*

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Prompt
This is an uplifting and practical conversation
between a human named Alan, and an AI named Leta,
Leta is a brand new, powerful, human-like AI.
Leta is helpful, cheeky, clever, and articulate.
Leta is a nice bot.
Leta is not a therapist or mathematician, but instead a
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This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 Detail
not dystopian, pessimistic,
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LifeArchitect.ai
Answer by GPT-3 175B with WebGPT (Dec/2021)
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A dirty air filter can affect a vehicle's gas mileage in several ways. It can reduce the engine's airflow, which is crucial to the co these titles. As a head of state, wh
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Source: https://openaipublic.blob.core.windows.net/webgpt-answer-viewer/index.html
BMI BCI Link Link
IEEE Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/w
https://brain.ieee.org/topics/brain-machine-
Pubmed (Journal) IEEE https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2429
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org
Nature (Journal) https://www.nature.com/subjects/brain
Neuron (Journal) https://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc
ABC https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-03
NEC https://www.nec.com/en/global/insigh
Frontiers (Journal) https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10
UQ (world-famous QBI) https://qbi.uq.edu.au/blog/2014/12/bra
BMI Systems lab (University Spain) http://bmi.edu.umh.es/
Darpa https://www.darpa.mil/news-events/20
UN/UNESCO https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/ch
Neuralink Openwater https://neuralink.com/
https://www.openwater.cc

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interface
ps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9359381/
ature.com/subjects/brain-machine-interface
iencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627315002603
bc.net.au/news/2021-03-11/the-age-of-thought-control-is-already-upon-us/13229378
ec.com/en/global/insights/article/2020022514/index.html
ontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2016.00295/full
du.au/blog/2014/12/brain%E2%80%93machine-interfaces-melding-mind-and-machine

arpa.mil/news-events/2019-05-20
nesco.org/en/articles/chile-pioneering-protection-neurorights
ps://www.openwater.cc/products

ect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
 Question
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This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
The MS Internet Explorer vulnerability and why Chrome and Firefox aren't
affected?
So, what will happen after the "cosmic heat death" of the universe?
How do phone calls work?
How does the fuel machine know when my tank is full?
Oil Speculation. What exactly is it, and why is it so bad?
Subrogation and Waiver of Subrogation in Insurance
when to use Latino, Hispanic, and Mexican/Cuban/Puerto Rican/etc.
Why does looking at screens make us nauseous when we’re hung over?
If most of what we taste is determined by smell, why do some things that smell
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How come even though the US economy is doing as good as it's been since 2007
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How do ancient civilizations get covered by dirt, sand, etc?
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How does venture capital work?
How does money go from my pocket, through the stock market, and to support the
business
How did I've bought stock
the positions from? get their names?
in basketball
Why oil and gas rigs may cause earthquake and falls?
How are you innocent before proven guilty, if you still have to spend time in jail
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Why your trial?
do VGA/DVI cables have to be screwed in, but HDMI and other cables
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animalsflat?sense the upcoming earthquake?
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Were major news outlets established with political bias or was it formed over
time?
Why do I sweat more after getting out of the shower?
I made a video explaining the Monty Hall Problem, I thought you guys might be
interested!
How did the newscaster cadence come to be?
What is the difference between LED, LCD, Plasma and LED LCD TVs?
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how are different types of cheese made?
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What was the hippy movement, how did it start, and why?
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shaving?
How are judges allowed to hand down unusual sentences like the woman who had
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lovely handwriting and others don't?
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what is visa? (not the credit card)
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like
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is a runners heart rate lower than a non runner
How did people manipulate photographs before computers?
How did the trend of Casinos being on Indian preservation's start? Why did they
choose
Why don't Casinos instead
bathroom of doors
stall havingprovide
something else
proper being protected on their land?
privacy?
Why do different European languages have such varying names for Germany?
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used
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is it harderbytoyour body? in noisy environments?
fall asleep
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did people drink liquids before cups?
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How do events in my dreams coincide with events that are happening in real life?
Why is the U.S. rail system so awful?
Why does HTTPS/SSL need a certificate to do secure transmission, while SSH
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do mobile websites have a "click here to continue reading" button?
Why do most doors have a two stage locking mechanism instead of one?
Why is eating burnt food bad for you?
Explain: (to Americans): Canadian Election today
Why do plastic water bottles almost always have ridges in the sides?
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Why do actors and voice actors make so much money?
why does the file size of digital photos vary when the pixel count doesn't change?
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Why is it that a fully buffered YouTube video will buffer again from where you
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Year counting in ancient Greece
How does a song get transported across an aux cable from a phone and get played
in
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How can someone put me in to jail if i am not guilty?
Scientifically speaking , how likely is it that our existence is extremely small?
How do birds know which way is South when migrating for winter?
How are rare, valuable, irreplaceable museum artifacts transported?
How UPS drivers save gas by avioding left turns.
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How would a bank make money if I deposited 1 billion dollars into my savings,
considering the interest
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company that I owe get its money
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how is a heavy duty clog explorers didn'ttocatch
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How does expressway traffic build up?
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occurring
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if it was human induced?
our pace when walking next to someone?
Why are Video game QA jobs so terrible?
How does a motorcycle "wobble" happen, and is it as hard to correct as it seems?
how a shark can detect blood from kilometres away. Do some molecules of the
blood have to 'reach' the shark?
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label
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firewalls work?
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implants,
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Why can't we just dump all our trash in molten lava to rid of it instead of having it
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pollutebatteries
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you use them?
Should the average person be concerned about the spread of Ebola as of right
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What exactly is going on with my computer when it crashes?
Why is photographer Terry Richardson so famous and prevalent.
How much could the Pope's speeches affect policies and decisions in Catholic
countries?
How can a vehicle's air filter effect its gas mileage?
What parts I would need to replace my Cable Box in the UK if I build a HTPC?
Why does smoking tobacco cause cancer, but smoking marijuana does not?
how does peeing after sex prevent infections when the urethra and vagina are two
different
When holes?cooking shows it never shows the chefs washing their hands or
I watch
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What is Google Fiber and will it grow outside of the US?
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extremely worried) by the recent drastic drop in oil prices, but Venezuela's
 Answer by PaLM 540B (Apr/2022)
This joke is about how time flies when you're having fun. The person was
supposed
The joke istothat
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of a commercial
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at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
Microsoft has confirmed that all versions of Windows are affected by the
FREAK
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death of the universe The vulnerability exists inhas
is when the universe Secure Channel
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When you speak into a cellphone, a tiny microphone in the handset converts energy (such as from the a hot
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to accept the tend
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LED and LCD are the same technology. The difference between the two and
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The definitions for many common measurements were derived from the old debate among scientists.[1]
definition
The scratching of a second,
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Germany out made
in a spray[1][2][3].
sure to amendThis theirispolitical
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ensure that a dictator
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treasonThey did the
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reasons why States
remotesof America was a breakaway
aren't completely bluetooth nation that issued
is because of
the line-of-sight limitation[1]. Because of this, you
Gold smuggling occurs in attempt to bypass import and export laws and taxes[1].have to point the remote
In India,
There is athe world's
speed largest
of heat consumer
transfer, but itof is gold,
not a smuggling
single number. is a way The to speedillegally
of heat
transfer
Peanuts is a comic strip that carries simple truths[1]. Through the "little heat is
depends on several factors, including the area through which the
incidents"
Carbon dioxide, the comic strip introduced
methane, nitrous oxide, children and adults alike and
chlorofluorocarbons, to somecertain of the
other
gases absorb IR radiation from the Earth's surface and
Cheese is made from milk, salt, an enzyme called rennet, and bacteria culture.[1] re-emit it in all directions.
There
Federalare different
student loantypes of bacteria
forgiveness used inare
programs cheesemaking,
available for and those they
who thrive
workinin
public
The service
hippie jobs andbegan
movement owe the government
in the 1960s andeducational
was made up loans[1][3][4][5].
of mostly white,Under
middle-class
There is someteenagers
debate asand college students[2].
to whether immigrationThey has awere tiredimpact
negative of the restrictions
on the
wages of native-born workers. When analyzing the
The timeline of shaving isn't entirely clear, but it's assumed that humans haveimpact of immigration on the
been
Judgeshaving
Michaelfor at least 100,000
Cicconetti has gained years. Cavemen would
international attention pluckfor outhis hair
unique from their
brand
of sentencing[1].
There are many factorsHe oftenthatleaves
go into thedetermining
choice of punishment
how a person to the defendant,
writes, including who
genetics,
When there lifeisexperiences,
a snowstorm, character,
the snowand how they
dampens the were
soundtaughtof thunderto write[1]. For
so it sounds
like
A visaa muffled timpani
is an official drum rather
document than thethe
that allows loud
bearercracking and booming
to legally enter a foreignof a
country[1].
DesalinationItisisnot usually stamped
a simple solutionor glued
to waterintoshortages,
the bearer's aspassport[1].
it is extremely There are
expensive and canreasons
There are several have harmful
why childreneffects tend
on the to environment[1][2][3].
dislike vegetables. OneThe reason is
that children have not yet had enough time to try foods
It is not unusual for healthy people involved in endurance activities to develop 10-15 times, nor have a
bradycardia,
The earliest forms or slow of heart
photorate[1]. This is were
manipulation due todone the increased
in darkrooms. vagalThe tone from
photographer
Tribal casinoswould combine
are located printing,
on Indian exposure variations,
reservations.[1] In someand alterations
instances, to the
Native
Americans
There are severalput thereasons
land into why a trust and asked
bathroom stall for
doors theareU.S. notDepartment
fully enclosed. of Interior
In
some
Some place names come from the people who inhabit or once inhabited the edges
cases, the door may be too close to the post and will grind against the
land[1].
ArtificialGermany,
sweeteners forare
example, was Germany
not metabolized by thetobody someand folksthus longhave before the
no caloric
content.[1]
Noise can disruptThis isyour
because
sleepthey do not contain
in several ways. First,sucrose,it canthe sugar
make it in the sugar
difficult to fall
asleep,
In as noise
the movie exposure
Trading levels
Places, above 55and
Winthorpe dBA cause a sleeping
Valentine short-soldperson stockstoat the
New York Stock
The reason that theExchange.[1][2]
President of theInUnited normalStatestrading, must youbebuy born lowin expecting
the Unitedthe
States
Motionissickness
actually isnot because
usually of where
caused whenthey yourare born,
inner earbutand because
your eyes of their
disagree
about whether you’re moving[1][2]. When you read
The pitch of a sound is entirely determined by how far apart in time the peaks in a car, your visual field are
in the soundwave. When you play a sound faster, the peaks become closer
Most people prefer to drink ice water because it’s less flavorful than room
temperature
There are several water.reasons
That might sound counterintuitive,
why reheated food tends to taste but warm
bad. One water (especially
reason is that
the
While it is true that most mammals can safely lick their own feces when The
composition and structure of the food is damaged by the microwave[3].
grooming, this behavior
Aspirin, ibuprofen, is usuallyare
and naproxen learned
NSAIDs from(Non-steroidal
their mothers[1]. In young dogs
anti-inflammatory
drugs)
All planetsthat reduce
are round pain, swelling,
because when and fever
they by inhibiting
formed, they were themade
body's upCOXof molten
material that acted like a very hot liquid[2]. Since
Adult teeth can be lost if they are not cared for or if trauma damages them gravity always points toward
severely
The best enough[1].
sleep position Theisreason
one that wepromotes
have baby teeth isspinal
healthy because we are from your
alignment
hips all the transmission
Automatic way to your head[1].fluid, or Sleeping on the side
ATF, is hydraulic or back
fluid designedis considered
to pressurize more
clutches
It is not clearin automatic
what method transmissions
was usedtotoengage the correct
drink liquids before gears[1][2].
cups wereThe fluid's
invented,
but it is assumed that people used their hands in the
When you visit a website, the site may or may not show ads, but they do include same way that dogs do to lap
content
Longboards fromare an great
advertising
for ridersnetwork[1]. The advertising
that are looking for variety network
out of places
their board,a cookieas
they allow you to commute, carve, cruise, and
Parrots are vocal learners, meaning they grasp sounds by hearing and then (as I previously mentioned) even
imitating
There are them[1]. Any bird that’s
Title IX regulations a vocal
in place thatlearner
state thathasmen's
a partandof the brain devoted
women's college
sports teams should receive equal funding. Title
Quicksand is a mixture of clay, either sand or silt, and water—mostly water. IX also says that for male-only
Together,
To determine the ingredients
the mass of form a jellylike
the comet mass with
that Rosetta landedsandon, mixed
the teamthroughout.
had to know
the gravitational pull of the comet, which allowed
There are scientists who believe that weather can be controlled and that certainthem to figure out the density
weather
Water can events, such as
stay liquid hurricanes,
below zero degreescan beCelsius
diminished if theorpressure
divertedisifhigh changes are
enough[1].
Compensatory For time
example,is farwater
cheaper canforbeemployers
supercooled thanbelow
payingzeroovertime[1][3].
degrees CelsiusThe if
employer
In general,would a higherhave to pay
clock speedthe means
employee $135CPU[1].
a faster (overtime Your rateCPU
of $15/hr
processes x9
many
Accordinginstructions
to sleep(low-level
experts, there calculations
is nothing like arithmetic)
mystical from different
or supernatural about
dreams that appear to predict the future; it's just
There are several reasons why the U.S. rail system is so bad. One reason about science[2]. The thoughts
is that
cars and
There areplanes
several became
reasonsmore whypopular
SSL/TLS andcertificates
efficient inneed the 20th
to becentury,
purchased so from
people a
trustedare
There thirdmanyparty certificate
reasons why authority[2][3].
a website may have The afirst is that
"Click herethetocertificate
continue
reading" button. One reason is to defend against
Many homeowners use two locks instead of one as this is safer. Let's content scrapers. By sayshowing
the lock
mechanism breaks; with two locks, you can still lock
Eating burnt food has a number of negative effects on your health[1][2][3]. First, the door while you get this
the
Thenutritional
Canadian election content of the place
takes food isonaltered
Monday, by the burning
October 21,process,
2015[1].which It is
formalized by the governor general, who upon request
The bumps or corrugations in the bottom of the plastic water bottle increases the by the prime minister,
strength
The mainoflegal the bottle[1].
distinctionThe bumpsthe
between cantwoslightly
casesexpand and contract
is the method in which without
the
information
Chain letters are a type of pyramid scheme in which the original recipient is a
was obtained. The Ashley Madison data was stolen illegally by
asked
Whether to makeor notcopies
Tommy of Wiseau
the letterwas andbeing
pass honest
them onortoseriousa certainwhen number of people
he created The
Room is up for debate. Some film critics and fans
While guide dogs do not know where to go most of the time, they do rely on the consider The Room to be the
instructions
Metal Gear Solid of their ownerahandler[2].
features storyline that Thespans
dog will be introduced
multiple games, but to the
the plot
routecan
be summarized
Researchers as follows:
in the 1960s believed that the brain measured time by counting the
number of pulses emitted
The USS Enterprise was inactivated by an internal clock, much
on December like how
1, 2012 afteranserving
adult mightthe US
Navy for 51 years. The ship was defueled on June
The reason that actors and voice actors make so much money is because they 20, 2013 and its nuclear fuel
own a rare
The size of talent
a digitalthatphoto
is relied upon by thebyentertainment
is determined its total number industry to function[1].
of pixels, which is
different than the filesize, which is the amount of
When stationary, a bike balance is hard to achieve because the wheels are not bytes used to store the
spinning
The reason andthat
do YouTube
not have angular
videos buffermomentum,
again when whichyou makes
skipitahead
easy for an outside
is because of
the way that the videos are broken up into small chunks
Prior to the passage of the Federal Tort Claims Act, the government was immune that load as you go[1]. If
from being sued
The primary by private
method citizens.[2]
of creating maps prior This to immunity
the inventionwas specifically
of satellitesgranted was the
same as it is now[1]. Measure the distances and angles
The Iron Cross is a German military tradition dating back to the 700s, and was between different
used as a symbol of German nationalism by the Nazis during WWII[1][2]. Due to
CRISPR works similarly to the find and replace tool in Microsoft Word. In
Word,
There wereyou type
manythedifferent
word you wayswant to to find in
denote the in
years search
ancientbox,Greece,
and CRISPR but onecreates
of the
most common was by using the Olympiad system[1][2][3].
The AUX cable is connected to a phone via a 3.5mm jack, the same type of Olympiads were
connection
One of the main that isreasons
used for headphones[3].
dental work is not The phone
covered byuses
healtha DAC (Digital
insurance hastoto do
with
Therehistorical
are several views
ways offor
dentistry
someone andtoophthalmology.
be put in jail if Dentistry
they are not andguilty.
medicine One
way is for a different jurisdiction to file charges, meaning
There is some evidence that our universe is just a small piece of a greater whole. that if a defendant is
In fact,humans
While there may relybeoninfinitely many universes,
modern technology to know bubbling
whereinto we areexistence
and where and we're
going, birds
Museum rely on
artifacts area transported
combinationcarefully of scientific factors
and with greatto help them know
care[1][3]. Loanswhere
of
museum
UPS has artifacts
moved away are common
from trying practice,
to findand thethe artifacts
shortest routeareand
often now transported
looks at
other criteria to optimize the journey[1]. One
The model minority is a minority demographic whose members are perceived of their methods is to try and avoid as
achieving a higher degree of socioeconomic success
Banks "buy" money from depositors and then loan it out to borrowers. They pay than the population average.
interest
When a on depositsgoes
company to attract
bankrupt, morethe depositors.
bankruptcy The differencewill
practitioner betweenneed the
to be
appointed. Their job is to oversee the liquidation
When a plant loses a leaf, the cells in that leaf have finished growing and process[1]. They will take
dividing[1].
Over the pastHowever,
50 years,as a shoot grows,
humankind has takenmorethe meristems
first steps areoff
created[2].
planet Earth These
into
the solar system. Now, our views of the planets are
Water can evaporate at room temperature because while the average temperature much improved by using
of
Thethe liquid may
European Unionbe below boiling,
has already some molecules
notified the World build Tradeup enough speed
Organization as a
of plans
to levy duties
Several factorsoncontributed
about $7 billion to the worth
NativeofAmericans'
U.S. exports lack inofresponse,
immunity withto the aim
European
Drano Maxdiseases.[1]
Gel Clog RemoverThe first works
is that by Europeans
delivering haditsbeen the blend
special caretakers of
of sodium
hydroxide,
Living off the sodium metasilicate,
grid does have its and costs, sodium
even ifhypochlorite
you are not (bleach)
connected to to
thea clog[2].
utility
company[1][2].
Humans are omnivores based on anatomy, as we share anatomical featuresa with
The upfront cost of land, building a home, and setting up power
omnivores
Anabolism like and pigs, mice, and
catabolism rats[1].
are both We have
processes thatteeth
takecapable
place inofthe eating
body, both
but
they have very
Asparagus differentfor
is notorious functions.
making Anabolism
urine smelly[1][3].is the process
The main of bonding
culprit is smaller
asparagusic
Our tendencyacid, which
to think is found
a lot beforeexclusively
sleep may in be asparagus[1].
due to the need When asparagus is
to protect
ourselves[1]. In hunter-gatherer times, if we weren't
Companies have core values to support their vision and shape their culture[1]. paying attention to the cliff
These
Squatters'values areare
rights thelegal
essence of the company’s
allowances to occupyidentity
a property andwithout
are the principles,
the owner’s
permission,
Sleeping in a longer cycle, or in a deeper stage of sleep, can leave youAfeeling
as long as they haven’t been served an eviction notice[1]. squatter
groggier
In the USA, because you wake up
it is considered in to
rude theask middle
how of mucha cycle[2][3].
money someone When makes[1].
you sleep in,
The
Onionsamount
makeofusmoney someone
cry because theymakes
release is chemicals
consideredthat private
cause and our not something
eyes to
water[1].
Traffic build-up on highways is often the result of temporary traffic flow S-
The chemical at the heart of our discomfort is called propanethial
disruptions[2].
Researchers agree These thatmayeye include
contact an accident
is the blocking aform
most important lane,ofa construction
non-verbal
communication
There are several theories about the origin of the phrase "pair of pants."feels
because it has the most impact on how another person Oneabout
theory
The amountis thatofthe phrase
stars you "pair
can see of pants"
in the night harkensskybackdependsto the ondays
howwhen whatfrom
far away
city
There lights you are[1][2][3][4]
is evidence and how clearis the
that facial attractiveness basedskyon is[2][3].
more than If you justare far away
cultural
preferences.
Our head radiates Averageness,
more heat symmetry,
than any other and sexual
part ofdimorphism
the body, soare it'sgood candidates
no surprise
that our pillows
Aperture heatofupyour
is the part quicklylens asthat they absorbhow
controls heatmuchfromlightour head when we
gets inside yourlie
camera[1].
Scammers use Its size
severalis measured
different in f stops: The
techniques smaller
to get your ffilters.
past spam stop number, the
One technique
is to purposely
There are several misspell
ways towords, allowing
determine whether the email to slip through
an earthquake the cracksor
was man-made
natural.people
When One method
are walking is to measure
side by side, the depth at which
they tend the earthquake
to become synchronized. occurred[1].
This is
true both for strangers and for people who are close
Video game testing jobs can be difficult and unpleasant for a number of reasons. to each other.[1][2] Experts
One reason is if
A motorcycle the game
speed wobble studio
is whenhas athe poor work-lifeoscillate
handlebars balancerapidlyand requires
from sidethe to
side[1].
Sharks can It typically
smell blood startsfrom
when upthe front wheel
to around elevates
a quarter of a from the ground when
mile away[1][2]. Smells
reach a shark through the currents, and it would take time for the scent to travel
The media is biased towards Muslims being terrorists because of the negative
framing
Firewallsofwork Muslims in the media.[1]
by filtering StudiesAhave
data packets[1]. shownfirewall
hardware that Muslim
is a system that
filters
Some people enjoy messing with others to a certain extent because it canItmake
information coming from the internet into a computer system[2]. does so
them
Colleges feelsend
powerful[1][4].
mass emailsPeople are unpredictable,
to potential students because and ifthey someone
believeisthat
not casting
getting
aWhile
wide it's
netcurrently
will ultimately
difficult paytooff[1][2]. They purchase
build a smartphone fromhundreds
scratch, thatof thousands
may change of
in
The theKurds
future.[1][2][3]
are an Iranian Oneethnic
of thegroupmain native
reasonstopeople don't build region
the mountainous their own of
Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey,
Agnostic is a label people often use to indicate that they embrace an orientation northwestern Iran,
somewhere
When between
anticipating the such
pain, sereneassurety
a rubber of knowing that there
band snapping or a isneedle
a Godpoking
and theskin,
I feel a tingling
Salivary stones, sensation
also known in my upper thighs/butt
as sialoliths, area.organic
are calcified What causes
massesthis?
thatWhat
form is
within the salivary gland's secretory system[2]. They are comprised
It takes time and training to learn to interpret the signals received from a cochlear of organic
implant[2].
This "old-timey" Within a yearthat
accent of use,
people most people
in old withhave
movies cochlearis alsoimplants
referredmaketo as a
Mid-Atlantic accent[1][2][4]. It is believed that this nasally,
There are three main reasons that dumping trash into molten lava is a bad idea. clipped
First,
This islava lakes the
because are lithium
not infinitely
ions that deep.
move Allthrough
the trashthe that meltschange
battery would have
the to go
physical
The average structure
personofshould
the electrodes[1].
not be concerned When about
you charge
the spreadand discharge
of Ebola as theof right
now[1]. The R0a crash,
In computing, of Ebola is around
or system 1.5 to
crash, 2.0[1].
occurs In the
when current West
a computer African
program such as
aTerry
software application or an operating system stops functioning
Richardson is a fashion and art photographer who is known for his edgy, properly and
naturalistic
The Pope has images of pornified
enormous influence women[1]. Richardson's
over governments "breakthrough"
in predominantly came
Catholic
countries.[1]
A dirty air filterThecanVatican
affectisa an independent
vehicle's city-state
gas mileage that maintains
in several ways. It diplomatic
can reduce
the engine's airflow, which is crucial to the combustion
In order to watch/record cable tv, you will need a cable card ready tuner, of fuel and air thatsuch as
the Ceton Infinitv.[1]
Marijuana contains many Thisofwilltheallow
same you to recordand
carcinogens up to 4 channels
tumor promotersat once,
as and
tobacco[2].
Peeing afterHowever,
sex helps cannabis and tobacco
to flush bacteria out ofhave additional
the urethra, pharmacological
preventing a urinary
tractchefs
TV infection (UTI)[1].
actually do wash Although
their handsthrusting
beforeduring sex pushes
and during bacteria
filming, from the
but these
scenes
The are often
majority edited out toinshorten
of movements the human the show[1].
body areIn a professional
classified kitchen,lever
as third-class line
systems[3]. In a third-class lever system, the effort is the
Integral calculus is the mathematics of integration, which is used to calculate middle component and
volumes
Google Fiberand areas of complicated
is a division of Alphabet shapes.Inc.Whereas a rectangle
that provides or circle has a
fiber-to-the-premises
service
A gerund in is
thea United
word that States, providing
is formed with broadband
a verb but actsInternetas a and IPTV to a small
noun.[1][2][3]
Specifically,
While Venezuela's it is a verbal
economy noun in Latinbecoming
is quickly that expresses
one of generalized
the worst in or the world
due to the recent drastic drop in oil prices, Saudi Arabia and other oil-exporting
 <break time="6s" />
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<break time="6s" />

ate and sheet header.

 BLOOM - 46 languages GPT-3 - 90 languages PaLM - 122 languages
English 30.3 English 92.65 English 74.1
Chinese 17.7 French 1.82 Code 5
Code 13 German 1.47 German 3.325
French 13.1 Spanish 0.77 French 3.0875
Spanish 10.7 Italian 0.61 Spanish 1.995
Portuguese 5 Portuguese 0.52 Unknown 1.52
Arabic 3.3 Dutch 0.34 Polish 1.33
Vietnamese 2.5 Russian 0.19 Italian 1.235
Catalan 1.1 Romanian 0.16 Dutch 0.95
Indonesian 1.1 Polish 0.16 Swedish 0.665
Basque 0.2 Finnish 0.11 Turkish 0.6175
Indic 2 Danish 0.11 Portuguese 0.5985
Niger-Congo 0.035 Swedish 0.11 Russian 0.5035
Japanese 0.11 Finnish 0.3895
Norwegian 0.11 Czech 0.38
Chinese 0.1 Chinese 0.38
Other 0.66 Japanese 0.361
Norwegian 0.342
Korean 0.1805
Danish 0.171
Indonesian 0.1425
Arabic 0.133
Cebuano 0.1235
Ukrainian 0.114
Other 2.356

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 BLOOM - 46 languages
English Chinese Code
French Spanish Portuguese 3
Arabic Vietnamese Catalan 1%0%2%0%
2% 1%
11
0
Indonesian Basque Indic 3 %
%
Niger-Congo %
13
5 18
% 13
% % %

GPT-3
EnglishFrench
- 90German
languages
2
Spanish Italian 1% 1%Portuguese
0% 0%0%0%0%1%
1% 0% 0%
1% 0% % 0%
Dutch Russian Romanian
Polish Finnish Danish
Swedish Japanese Norwegian
Chinese Other 93%

PaLM - 122 languages

ct.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
BLOOM (46 languages inc code)
OOM (46 languages inc code) GPT-3 (90+ languages inc code) PaLM (122 languages ex code)
 Raw training dataset size (GB)Words/tokens (B)Parameters (B)
Google Meena 341 40 2.6
Jan/2020
Facebook Blender 589 88.8 9.4
Apr/2020
OpenAI GPT-3 570 499 175
May/2020
Huawei PanGu Alpha 1100 40 200
Apr/2021
EleutherAI GPT-J 825 400 6
Jun/2021
BAAI Wudao 2.0 3000 500 1750
GoogleJun/2021
LaMDA 137
OpenAIJun/2021
GPT-4 5000 20000 10000
TBA
EleutherAI GPT-NeoX 825 500 175
TBA
DeepMind Gopher 10500 300 280
Dec/2021

Language model size

3500

300
3000

2500

2000

1500

1100
1000
825

589 570
499
500 400
341
175 200
88.8
40 2.6 9.4 40 6
0
Google Meena Facebook Blender OpenAI GPT-3 Huawei PanGu Alpha EleutherAI GPT-J BAA
Jan/2020 Apr/2020 May/2020 Apr/2021 Jun/2021 J
 499
500 400
341
175 200
88.8
40 2.6 9.4 40 6
0
Google Meena Facebook Blender OpenAI GPT-3 Huawei PanGu Alpha EleutherAI GPT-J BAA
Jan/2020 Apr/2020 May/2020 Apr/2021 Jun/2021 J

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 Notes

raw dataset size not released

token count not released

Language model size comparisons (bar chart, log)

500020000
10000 10500

3000

1750

1100

825 825

500 500
400
3
200 175
137
40 6 0 0
Huawei PanGu Alpha EleutherAI GPT-J BAAI Wudao 2.0 Google LaMDA OpenAI GPT-4 EleutherAI GPT-NeoX DeepMi
Apr/2021 Jun/2021 Jun/2021 Jun/2021 TBA TBA Dec
 500 500
400
3
200 175
137
40 6 0 0
Huawei PanGu Alpha EleutherAI GPT-J BAAI Wudao 2.0 Google LaMDA OpenAI GPT-4 EleutherAI GPT-NeoX DeepMi
Apr/2021 Jun/2021 Jun/2021 Jun/2021 TBA TBA Dec

son at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
 10500

Raw training dataset size (GB)

Words/tokens (B)
Parameters (B)

825

500

300 280
175

EleutherAI GPT-NeoX DeepMind Gopher

TBA Dec/2021
 500

300 280
175

EleutherAI GPT-NeoX DeepMind Gopher

TBA Dec/2021
Maths ChatGPT 3
Bard 5 ChatGPT vs G
Reading (SAT) ChatGPT 9
Bard 7
(15/
Reasoning (dating advice) ChatGPT 5
Maths
Bard 4
Total ChatGPT 17
Bard 16
Reading (SAT)

Source:
https://www.npr.org/2023/02/15/1157248899/microsoft-vs-google-whose-ai-is-better
Reasoning (dating advice)

Total

0 2 4

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 ChatGPT vs Google Bard via NPR
(15/Feb/2023)
Maths

ding (SAT)
Column C
Column B

ing advice)

Total

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

ct.ai. It should be up-to-date, but please see tab date and sheet header.
Model Tokens Words Pages Print it!
Infinite cont 220000 165000 330 ∞ Infinite context windows: Streami
Claude 2 200k 200000 150000 300 200k tokens / 150k words / 300 pages C
GPT-4 128k 128000 96000 192 128k tokens / 96k words / 192 pages
Claude 2 100k 100000 75000 150 100k tokens / 75k words / 150 pages
Gemini (estim 32000 24000 48 32k tokens / 24k words / 48 pages C
GPT-4 32k 32000 24000 48 32k tokens / 24k words / 48 pages
Gem
Grok-1 8k 8,192 6144 12 8k tokens / 6k words / 12 pages
PaLM 2 8k 8,000 6000 12 8k tokens / 6k words / 12 pages
Llama 2 4k 4,096 3072 6 4k tokens / 3k words / 6 pages
ChatGPT 4k 4,096 3072 6 4k tokens / 3k words / 6 pages

This sheet is owned and maintained by Dr Alan D. Thompson at LifeArchitect.ai. It should be up-t
LifeArchitect.ai
 Infinite context windows: StreamingLLM/RNNs

Claude 2 200k

GPT-4 128k

Claude 2 100k

Gemini (estimate)

GPT-4 32k

Grok-1 8k

PaLM 2 8k

Llama 2 4k

ChatGPT 4k

0 50 100 150 200

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