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Experiment-1 Types of Reactions

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26 views

Experiment-1 Types of Reactions

Uploaded by

Mitra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment-1 Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into:

A. Combination reaction
B. Decomposition reaction
C. Displacement reaction
D. Double displacement reaction
(i) Burning of Mg Ribbon
(ii) Action of heat on ferrous crystals
(iii) Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution
(iv) Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions
(2) Burning of Magnesium in air

MATERIALS REQUIRED
Magnesium Ribbon, burner, tongs, watch glass, pH paper strip/red litmus paper.

THEORY
Magnesium is a very active metal. It reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide.

During this process two elements viz, magnesium and oxygen combine together to form a
single compound magnesium oxide. Such type of reactions are called combination reactions.
Magnesium oxide is basic in nature because when this is dissolved in water it forms
magnesium hydroxide which is basic in nature.

Magnesium oxide turns red litmus solution blue.

PROCEDURE, OBSERVATION, AND INFERENCE


Diagram

RESULT
Mg burns in air giving out a flash of bright white light and combines with oxygen to form
basic magnesium oxide. MgO is basic in nature

PRECAUTIONS

1. Magnesium ribbon should be cleaned by rubbing with sand paper.


2. Hold magnesium ribbon using tongs while burning it.
3. Do not look at the bright light associated with burning Mg directly. Use sun
glasses.
4. White powder or magnesium oxide should not be touched.

Decomposition Reaction

Aim To perform and observe the action of heat on crystals of ferrous sulphate and classify
the reaction.

Material Required -Ferrous sulphate crystals, test tubes, test tube holder, blue limus paper.

Theory -The crystals of ferrous sulphate are green in colour. When these crystals are heated,
following reaction takes place.

In this reaction, a single reactant breaks down to give simple products. Therefore, this is a
decomposition reaction. Ferrous sulphate crystals (FeS04.7H20) lose water when heated and
the colour of crystals changes.

It then decomposes to ferric oxide(Fe203), sulphur dioxide (S02) and sulphur trioxide (S03).
Ferric oxide is solid while S02 and S03 are gases. Both S02 and S03 are acidic and hence,
these gases turn the blue litmus red. Sulphur dioxide can reduce an acidified solution of
potassium dichromate. This reaction can be utilised to confirm the presence of sulphur
dioxide. Result On heating, ferrous sulphate decomposes to give ferric oxide, sulphur dioxide
and sulphur trioxide.

Diagram

Result- On heating, ferrous sulphate decomposes to give ferric oxide, sulphur dioxide and
sulphur trioxide. This decomposition reaction.

Precautions 1. While heating ferrous sulphate, keep the mouth of test tube away from you
and your classmates.
Displacement Reaction

Aim To perform and observe the reaction of iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution and
classify the reaction.

Materials Required Iron nails, copper sulphate solution, test tubes, test tube stand,
sandpaper and thread

. Theory -When an iron nail is immersed in copper sulphate solution, following reaction
takes place:

In the above reaction, iron ions (Fe2+) being more reactive displaces copper ions (Cu2+) and
a new compound ferrous sulphate is formed. This type of reactions is called displacement
reaction.

Procedure

1. Take two iron nails and clean them by rubbing with sandpaper.

2. Take two test tubes and mark them as ‘A’ and ‘B’.

3. In each test tube, pour about 10 ml of copper sulphate solution.

4. Tie one iron nail with a thread and immerse this carefully in the copper sulphate solution
in test tube A for about 20 minutes. Keep aside one nail for comparison.

5. After 20 minutes, take out the iron nail from the copper sulphate solution.

6. Compare the intensity of blue colour of copper sulphate solutions of both the test tubes ‘A’
and ‘B\ 7. Also, compare the colour of iron nail dipped in copper sulphate solution with one
kept aside
Observations-

The initial colour of copper sulphate solution was blue which after immersing iron nails
turns to light green. The initial colour of iron nail was grey. After immersing the nail into
copper sulphate solution, a brown coating developed over it. Because of this coating iron nail
appears reddish brown.

Result -On keeping the iron nails in copper sulphate solution, a displacement reaction takes
place. In this displacement reaction, iron displaces copper and two new products ferrous
sulphate and copper are formed.

Precautions 1. The iron nails should be cleaned by rubbing them with a sandpaper. 2. The
test tube containing iron nails and copper sulphate solution should not be disturbed.

Double Displacement Reaction


Aim -To perform and observe the reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride
solutions and classify the reaction.
Materials Required Sodium sulphate solution, barium chloride solution, test tubes, beaker.
Theory –
When the solutions of sodium sulphate and barium chloride are mixed, a white precipitate of
barium sulphate is formed. Chemical equation for this chemical change can be given as
follows

In this reaction, both sodium sulphate and barium chloride exchange ions. Hence, this type of
reaction is called double displacement reaction.
Procedure
1. Take 5 ml of sodium sulphate solution in a test tube and mark it as ‘A’.
2. Take 5 ml of barium chloride solution in another test tube and mark it as ‘B’.
3. Mix the solutions of test tubes ‘A’ and ‘B’ in a beaker.
4. With the help of a clean glass rod, stir the mixture kept in beaker.
5. Record your observation.

Observation- On mixing the solutions of sodium sulphate and barium chloride, a white
precipitate is formed.
Result -On mixing the solutions of sodium sulphate and barium chloride, a double
displacement reaction takes place. In this reaction sodium sulphate and barium chloride
exchange ions and new products barium sulphate (white ppt) and sodium chloride are formed.
Precautions – 1. Test tubes, beaker and glass rod should be cleaned.
2. Equal volumes of sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions should be used

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