Danis, Sylvia T.

Field Study II September 1, 2023

BSED-Eng IV

CHAPTER I. ACTION RESEARCH

Lesson 2. Purposes of Action Research
C. Analyze sample action research in school. Read each action research carefully.
Select at least five action research. Identify the purposes of each research.
Title of Action Purposes
Research
1) Improving the To improve the reading comprehension of the learners
Reading using the 4R strategy. It is designed to determine if
Comprehension of there is an improvement in students’ reading
Grade 8 Learners comprehension after implementing the 4R strategy. The
Using 4RS (Read, implementation of 4R in this study frames Richard
Retell, React, Sagor’s Four-Stage Model. There are four-stage
Reflect) Strategy processes to be implemented as a 4R strategy. First is
clarifying vision, this study identifies the lack in
Authors: the field of reading, specifically, in improving the
Chryzl Jor Deluao reading comprehension of learners under frustration
Desiree Jor E. Bernal level using the 4Rs strategy. The second is
Jally Be F. Padillo articulating theories wherein this strategy is a
Rex A. Lim combination of approaches to cater to the important
factors necessary for effective reading. In addition,
Year Published: May implementing action and collecting data wherein the
2022 learners are going to have pre-test, dissemination of
practice text materials, implementation of the
Grade Level:8 intervention and regular follow-ups and checking of
progress and giving them post-test. Lastly reflecting
and planning informed action, this study determined the
comprehensive level of the student during the pretest
and posttest and determined the significance of the
difference between the pretest and posttest.
2) The Effects of The National Service Training Program (NSTP) of the
NSTP on the Lives Philippines is a form of service learning that is
of Saint Louis defined as the integration of community services into
University instruction to strengthen the civic and community
Students responsibilities of the students. The purpose of this
study is to determine the
Author: effectiveness of the NSTP for the students, its
Marilyn L. Balmeo, influences on self-improvement, performance, community
Jeffry P. Falinchao, involvement, demonstration of abilities and skills, and
Kathleen Kaye L. the difficulties encountered by the students while
Biay, Joyce Karen M. enrolled in their respective NSTP courses. The study
Ebes, Julienne G. looked into the effectiveness of the NSTP courses as
Eclarino, and Ivy well as their influences on the self-improvement,
Gail P. Lao-ang performance, and community involvement of the students,
as well as the demonstration of competencies even after
Year Published:2015 finishing the course. Furthermore, the study also
looked into the difficulties encountered by the
students while enrolled in both NSTP 1 and 2.
3) Improving the This study primarily aims to remediate the low level of
Basic Writing basic writing skills (writing in
Skills of Grade 7 cursive, capitalization, punctuation, spelling, and
Learners in paragraphing) of Grade 7 learners in Filipino
Filipino: An classes/subjects in a government high school. The
Action Research in researcher conducted (1) an assessment of learners’
Filipino Language writing competency through pre and post-tests; (2)
preparation/development of writing exercises; (3)
Authors: activities emphasizing the conduct of writing
Joey Ramos Cabigao activities in and out of the classroom; and (4) Home
visitations to reinforce the teacher’s and parents’
Grade Level:7 monitoring of the progress of them
children. The study holds the importance of having
Year Published: June, learning activities and worksheets appropriate to the
2021 level of learners’ needs to improve/enhance the unique
skills in writing of each learner. This study
encourages the prompt remediation of classroom- and
school-based problems through the conduct of research
for a rational and systematic way of addressing them
and this will guide other teachers and school heads to
experience the same plight of addressing the gaps in
schools effectively.
4) IMPROVING This action research aimed to improve the mathematics
MATHEMATICS performance of 56 Grade 11 students of Buug National
PERFORMANCE AMONG High School students. Thirty-one or 55% scored the
GRADE 11 STUDENTS average and poor level of mathematical skills in the
THROUGH JIGSAW diagnostic Test. The researcher addressed improving
TECHNIQUE mathematics performance using the Jigsaw technique. It
is proposed that teachers should design activities
Author: through the Jigsaw technique to promote mathematics
Pede I. Casing understanding by having students practice, solve,
manipulate, reason, and perform. The jigsaw technique
Grade Level:11 may help students make connections across mathematical
skills and concepts, and other disciplines. Following
Year Published: April the Jigsaw technique activity, students should have
2018 time to discuss how they perform in solving
mathematical activities. With careful planning,
implementation, and evaluation mathematical activities
can be achieved successfully by most students.
5) IMPACT OF EXPLICIT To help students learn in subject effectively, teachers
TEACHING OF SENIOR need to develop their approaches to teaching and
HIGH SCHOOL learning in empowerment technology in ICT as they gain
STUDENTS IN effective learning outcomes. The researcher who is a
EMPOWERMENT Senior High School teacher and has been looking for
TECHNOLOGY SUBJECT effective teaching strategies to enhance teaching the
subject under the K to 12 Curriculum decided to conduct
Author: this study to determine and assess the performance of
Jestoni J. Pestano Grades 11 students.

Grade Level: Senior

High School

Year Published:
April 2018
Lesson 4 Action Research Process
Guided Practice
A. Preliminary Activity. Analyze previous action research. Look at the
alignment between the following parts of the research.
Research Topic Research Methodology Data Needed
Questions
1) Improving The following This study utilized an This study aims to
the Reading questions are action research apply the 4R
Comprehensio derived from the design. According to Strategy in
n of Grade 8 study problem: Clark et al. 2020, improving Grade 8
Learners a. What is the action research is a struggling readers
Using 4RS pre-test method of conducting reading
(Read, reading educational research. comprehension. The
Retell, comprehension Educators and implementation of
React, level of professionals commonly 4R in this study
Reflect) students using use this approach to frames Richard
Strategy the 4R examine and improve Sagor’s Four-Stage
strategy? the pedagogy and Model of action
Authors: b. What is the practice of an research. Sagor’s
Chryzl Jor post-test educational model provides a
Deluao reading practitioner. In this clear path for
Desiree Jor E. comprehension sense, action research using action
Bernal level of represents an inquiry. Listed
Jally Be F. students using extension of the below is the four-
Padillo the 4R reflection and stage process to
Rex A. Lim strategy? critical self- be implemented as
 c. Is there a reflection that a a 4R Strategy.
Year Published: significant teacher employs daily.
May 2022 difference Action research
between pre- integrates theory and
Grade Level:8 test and post- practices through
test transformation and
comprehension reflection in a
levels of problematic situation
students using within a mutually
4R? acceptable ethical
framework.
The implementation of
4R in this study
frames Richard Sagor’s
Four-Stage Model of
action research.
Sagor’s model provides
a clear path for using
action inquiry. Listed
below is the four-
stage process to be
implemented as a 4R
Strategy.
2) The Effects After ten years This study is a The study utilized
of NSTP on of its descriptive survey a survey-type
the Lives of implementation in type of research. questionnaire
Saint Louis SLU, NSTP has According to Calmorin adapted from
University already undergone and Calmorin5 (2010), Cancino6 (2009) as
Students a long journey. This type is suitable the primary tool
Hence, this study wherever the subjects in gathering data
Author: aimed to vary among themselves needed in the
Marilyn L. determine the and one is interested study but for the
Balmeo, Jeffry effect of NSTP on to know the extent to study, the
P. Falinchao, the development which different researchers
Kathleen Kaye of students. It conditions and changed the
L. Biay, Joyce specifically situations are options from
Karen M. Ebes, sought to answer obtained among these moderately agree
Julienne G. the following subjects. to agree to an
Eclarino, and questions: (1) Particularly, the extent and
Ivy Gail P. How effective focus of the study is moderately
Lao-ang were the NSTP to determine the disagree to
courses influence of NSTP disagree to an
Year for Saint Louis activities on the extent and the
Published:2015 University holistic options very much
students? (2) development of too much and very,
What influences undergraduate students very much to very
did NSTP courses of Saint Louis much and the
provide the University and the researchers made
students along: difficulties they the number of
(a) self- encountered while options from 5 to
improvement; (b) enrolled in both 4 to make it even.
performance; (c) courses of NSTP. The questionnaire
community is composed of two
involvement; and main sections. The
(d)demonstration first section of
of competencies; the questionnaire
and (3) What were requires the
the difficulties students to
encountered by reflect on the
the students extent of the
while enrolled in influences of NSTP
NSTP courses? on the different
aspects of their
lives as
individuals and as
students. The
second section is
all about the
frequency of
 difficulties
encountered by the
students while
they
were enrolled in
each course of
NSTP.
3) Improving Upon graduation This action research This study
the Basic at the elementary is anchored on the involved 75 Grade,
Writing level, learners principle of Nunan 7 learners, using
Skills of are expected to (1992) on language purposive
Grade 7 write properly research which states sampling, with the
Learners in and with some that it undergoes a following
Filipino: An creativity. cycle with seven criteria:(1) they
Action Specifically, stages. The first are under the
Research in learners should stage is the classes of the
Filipino have acquired conceptualization researcher; (2)
Language the following phase of the teacher they will submit
writing as the key observer of all the written
Authors: competencies: (1) the identified problem exercises of the
Joey Ramos writing in in the program, and (3)
Cabigao cursive; (2) with classroom. The second they will stay in
correct forms and one is conducting an school up to the
Grade Level:7 shapes of initial end of the period
letters; (3) investigation through of this study. The
Year Published: correct data gathering and basic writing
June, 2021 capitalization of observation in the skills
letters; (4) classroom regarding of the learners
correct learners’ performance. will be assessed
punctuations; (5) The third stage using their
and correct involves the building written outputs
indentions and of hypotheses and the assessment
margins. or scientific guesses shall be based on
based on the pre- the
identified following: (1)
possible causes of the writing in
problems. The fourth cursive; (2)
stage capitalization;
deals with the (3) punctuation;
preparation and (4) spelling; and
implementation (5) paragraphing.
of the appropriate The study covered
strategies or the first semester
interventions that of School Year
might address the 2012-2013, from
problem., The fifth June to October
stage is, assessing 2013.
the effectiveness of
the strategies or
interventions used;
this can be done
through observation or
numerical data to
quantify the
improvement of
learners’ performance
before and after the
intervention. The
sixth stage is the
documentation of the
program results,
whether the
intervention used
marks positive or not-
so-positive effects on
the present condition.
The final stage
involves looking for
possible alternative
 intervention programs
even if the
implemented one is
effective. This is to
magnify the essence of
language action
research which is the
continuous search for
improving practice.
4) IMPROVING Specifically, A quasi-experimental The researcher
MATHEMATICS this study sought research method of employed a
PERFORMANCE to answer the investigation was used purposive sampling
AMONG GRADE following in this study. It is design. The
11 STUDENTS questions: to explore whether the participants were
THROUGH Jigsaw technique in the Grade 11
JIGSAW 1) What is the teaching Mathematics students from the
TECHNIQUE level of the contributes to the two strands of
mathematics development of Buug National High
Author: performance of computational skills School in the
Pede I. Casing Grade 11 and the improvement of Technical
Cookery students' performance Vocational and
Grade Level:11 students in mathematics. The Livelihood (TVL)
(Control researcher aims to Track namely:
Year Published: Group) in the assess the Cookery and
April 2018 Diagnostic effectiveness of the Computer Hardware
Test? Jigsaw technique in Servicing.
2) What is the improving Mathematics
level of the performance. Two
mathematics groups are determined
performance of in this study. The
Grade 11 control group uses the
Computer lecture method and the
Hardware experimental group
Servicing uses the Jigsaw
students technique. The level
(Treatment of students' learning
Group) in the is obtained after
Diagnostic administering a
Test? diagnostic test, to
3) What is the both groups and an
level of the evaluation test
mathematics between the two groups
performance of after the
Grade 11 intervention.
Cookery
students
(Control
Group) and
Grade 11
Computer
Hardware
Servicing
students
(Treatment
Group) in the
Evaluation
Test?
4) Is there any
significant
difference in
the
mathematics
performance of
the Diagnostic
Test between
the lecture
method and the
Jigsaw
technique?
 5) Is there any
significant
difference in
the
mathematics
performance of
Evaluation
Test results
between the
lecture method
and the Jigsaw
technique?
6) Based on the
findings of
the research,
what action
plan can be
formulated to
improve
Mathematics
performance?
5) IMPACT OF This study aimed This study used the The respondents of
EXPLICIT to answer the quasi-experimental the study were the
TEACHING OF explicit approach method of research. As Grade 11 learners
SENIOR HIGH in research defined by William from Maligaya
SCHOOL STUDENTS writing at Trochim (2016), a National High
IN EMPOWERMENT Maligaya National quasi-experimental School, Maligaya,
TECHNOLOGY High School. design looks a bit Palayan City,
SUBJECT Specifically, it like an experimental Nueva Ecija during
sought to answer design but lacks the A.Y. 2018-2019.
Author: the following key ingredient or There were only 85
Jestoni J. questions: random assignment. Grade 11 learners
Pestano 1. What may the However, the research in the Senior High
level of designs non-equivalent School of Maligaya
Grade Level: performance of groups, pre-test, National High
Senior High the students post-test, and School. Thus, the
School be described interrupted time study will use the
in terms of series and identifies random sampling of
Year Published: the following? examples of each one. the learners on
April 2018 1.1 Academic this operation.
Performance
before and
after
instruction
2. Is there a
significant
difference
between the
student’s
academic
performance
before and
after
instruction?
3. How may the
attitude of
the
respondents
towards skills
in ICT after
Instruction?

B. Evaluate a sample action research based on the following criteria:

Parts of the Research Comments
Introduction
 Are the background and
rationale clear and logical?
 Yes
 Is there enough theoretical The overall outline of the introduction is
background provided for the well defined and the flow is systematic
action research? Yes which is very interesting to read.
 Do the research questions
reflect the variables based
on the topic? Yes
 Is the study significant?
Yes
Review of Literature and Studies
 Is there enough study to
support the research? Yes There is enough related study to support
 Does the study include each claim. The literature review is well
findings of previous synthesized since it is the latest study
research? Yes from a different author.
 Is there a logical
presentation of literature
and studies? Yes
 Is there no plagiarism? Yes
Methodology
 Is the methodology
appropriate for the study?
Yes
 Does the study observe
ethical considerations in This chapter shows its appropriateness
dealing with the research concerning the study specifically on the
participants? Yes collection procedure.
 Are the research tools
validated? Yes
 Are the data collection
procedures clear? Yes
 Is the data analysis
procedure valid? Yes
Results of the Study
 Is the presentation of
results logical and based on
the research questions? Yes Each of these action research shows that
 Is the statistical analysis the results answer the research questions.
valid? Yes
 Are the results triangulated
with the review of related
literature and studies? Yes
Conclusions and Recommendation
 Are the conclusions
supportive of the results? In this chapter, the conclusion and
Yes recommendation are based on the result as
 Are the recommendations made well and it is very helpful in helping the
based on the result of the students if they encounter that problem.
study? Yes
 Are the recommendations
helpful for solving
educational issues? Yes

Reflection
Write your reflection by completing the following statements:

 I realized that:
Action study is essential for every educator because it ensures that a
feasible proposition for any social or behavioral problem can be discovered
among students. It entails conducting research on his or her pursuits as
well as potential action to take in strategy to reach them.

 I believe it is essential to:

 To know that when it comes to teaching, we practitioners might be interested
in trying out different teaching methods in the classroom, but are unsure of
the effectiveness. But through action research it provides us an opportunity
to explore the effectiveness of a particular teaching practice, the
development of a curriculum, or your students’ learning, hence making
continual improvement possible.

 From now on, I am determined to:

Use of an interactive action-and-research process in the future which
enables us to get an idea of what they and their learners do inside of the
classroom, not merely what they think they can do. By doing this, it is
hoped that both the teaching and the learning occurring in the classroom can
be better tailored to fit the learners’ needs.

Lesson 5 Using Action Research to Improve Teaching and Learning Practices

Guided Practices
A. Analyze the research of the previous action research conducted in the
school. Identify recommendations made and what actions were taken about the
recommendations.
Title of the study Recommendations Action Taken
Improving the Reading The researchers Based on the results of this
Comprehension of recommend this study, the 4R strategy is
Grade 8 Learners strategy as an effective in improving and
Using 4RS (Read, intervention for enhancing students' reading
Retell, React, students with comprehension. This study also
Reflect) Strategy frustration levels shows that despite the increase
and as a in the post-test results after
Authors: metacognitive utilizing the 4Rs strategy,
Chryzl Jor Deluao strategy for there was no movement in the
Desiree Jor E. Bernal students at comprehension level of the
Jally Be F. Padillo instructional and learners using the Philippine
Rex A. Lim independent levels. Informal Reading Inventory
The researchers will (Phil-IRI) Assessment Tool,
Year Published: May employ this strategy thus, the Phil-Iri set high
2022 to promote and standards when it comes to
improve reading reading comprehension level.
Grade Level:8 comprehension in
their respective
schools. 4Rs may
also be adapted by
their school
divisions. It is
also recommended
that future studies
expand the scope of
the research to
other sections of a
scholarly research
paper and broaden
the sample of the
study to include
primary pupils who
are in the early
stages of developing
reading
comprehension.
The Effects of NSTP Given the results of Aside from completing the
on the Lives of Saint the study regarding courses, the students also
Louis University the effects of NSTP gained benefits due to the
Students on Saint Louis community services they have
University students, done. They were able to improve
Author: the researchers themselves, performed better,
Marilyn L. Balmeo, recommend that were involved more
Jeffry P. Falinchao, future researchers in the community, and
Kathleen Kaye L. conduct further demonstrated a lot of
Biay, Joyce Karen M. studies regarding competencies even after
Ebes, Julienne G. the effects or completing the said service-
Eclarino, and Ivy benefits of NSTP to learning courses. The NSTP of
Gail P. Lao-ang the students as well Saint Louis University also
as to the community. influenced the students in self-
Year Published:2015 Since the study improvement as evidenced by the
found findings that the students
out that the improved in terms of their
students encountered leadership skills, academic and
difficulties while career aspects, connection with
enrolled in the NSTP others and communities, and
courses, future self-confidence.
researchers should Meanwhile, there were also
also study the effects of NSTP along with the
difficulties performance of the students in
encountered by the terms of academic and community
institutions in services. It is through the
implementing a programs or activities provided
service-learning by NSTP enabled the students to
program. improve their performance. Since
Furthermore, some of they were engaged in community
the comments by the services while enrolled in the
respondents said NSTP courses, the students were
that able to improve their
they want ROTC performance
instead of NSTP and in every activity even in other
there is a heresy subjects they enrolled.
that when the K 12 Furthermore, NSTP courses also
program is had
implemented in the influences the community
Philippines, boys involvement of the students
will be mandated to because they can conduct
enroll in ROTC while community services wherein they
girls will have an identified what activities,
option whether they changes, results, and resources
will enroll NSTP or are
ROTC. In addition,
there is a recent
issue regarding the
call for abolishment
of ROTC because of
the hazing that
happened at the
Polytechnic
University of the
Philippines. In line
with this, the
researchers
recommend
those future
researchers conduct
a study regarding
the perceptions of
the students toward
ROTC.
Improving the Basic The following The conduct of this study shed
Writing Skills of recommendations are light on the following
Grade 7 Learners in humbly presented: conclusions: (1) appropriately-
Filipino: An Action (1) Schools shall developed writing activities or
Research in Filipino continuously develop exercises are necessary for
Language writing materials or assisting learners in improving
exercises based on their basic writing skills; (2)
Authors: the actual needs of learners can enjoy writing by
Joey Ramos Cabigao the learners through giving
write shops; (2) the pre-activities to set their
Grade Level:7 Teachers shall be mood positively at the beginning
reoriented on the of each writing activity; (3)
Year Published: June, importance of home visitations can be used to
2021 appropriate teaching seek parents' support
strategies in and assistance in monitoring the
writing through progress of them
training/seminars to children in writing tasks; and
capture the interest (4) conducting writing
and attention of the intervention program can improve
learners, thus learners’ basic writing skills,
maximizing the thus, bridging the identified
teaching-learning learning
engagement; (3) gap.
Parents/guardians
shall be
continuously updated
on their roles in
monitoring and
assisting their
children’s progress
during parent-
teacher
conferences; and (4)
teachers shall
regularly identify
the needs of the
learners to address
their learning gaps
in writing through
positive effective
intervention
programs.
IMPROVING MATHEMATICS To recommend actions The findings stressed that the
PERFORMANCE AMONG to implement the results of the Evaluation Test
GRADE 11 STUDENTS Jigsaw Technique as of control and treatment groups
THROUGH JIGSAW an intervention to have significant differences.
TECHNIQUE improve the This explains that the levels of
mathematics learning outcomes between the
Author: performance of other two groups have improved in the
Pede I. Casing students at the Low same direction as their
Level in Buug achievement level.
Grade Level:11 National High
School.
Year Published: April I. Submit the
2018 result
(Action research) to
the principal
II. Show the
outcome and
intervention
to other
teachers
teaching
Mathematics
subject.

III. Use the

findings
in addressing the
problems on
Mathematics

IV. Conduct an
action research
similar intervention
to address a
specific problem in
solving for Grade 10
students.
IMPACT OF EXPLICIT Based on the Taking into consideration the
TEACHING OF SENIOR conclusions, the findings of this study, the
HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS following following conclusions were
IN EMPOWERMENT recommendations were drawn.
TECHNOLOGY SUBJECT drawn: 1. The comparison of the result
1. The teacher must of the pre-test of both the
Author: include intervention control and
Jestoni J. Pestano and other activities The experimental group is almost
to be carried out in the same.
Grade Level: Senior our classroom 2. The result of the post-test
High School discussion to bring of the experimental group was
about the best noticeably higher than the
Year Published: skills and abilities result of the control group.
April 2018 of our learners. 3. The assessment of the pre-
2. Teachers should test of both the controlled and
facilitate experimental groups was tested
intervention during to be not significant. The
the discussion to assessment of the post-test of
make sure that the both the controlled and
desired competencies experimental group was tested to
can still be be significant, thus
attained by the intervention in Empowerment
students. Technology in ICT aids in
3. Intervention improving the academic
should be applied performance of our students.
from time to time. 4. The most prevailing
perception that intervene in the
personal development of students
as the result of
intervention/innovation was that
they were learning while
enjoying during the discussion
in Empowerment Technology in ICT
with a weighted mean of 4.51 and
a description of “always.”