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Lecture 05

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12 views17 pages

Lecture 05

Uploaded by

Kashmala Alam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPILER CONSTRUCTION

Instructor:
Mr. Sheraz Babar

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Lecture 05

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Three-pass Compiler
Source Front IR Middle IR Back machine
code End End End code

errors

 Intermediate stage for code


improvement or optimization
3
Three-pass Compiler
Source Front IR Middle IR Back machine
code End End End code

errors

 Analyzes IR and rewrites (or


transforms) IR
4
Three-pass Compiler
Source Front IR Middle IR Back machine
code End End End code

errors

 Primary goal is to reduce


running time of the compiled
code
5
Three-pass Compiler
Source Front IR Middle IR Back machine
code End End End code

errors

 May also improve space


usage, power consumption, ...
6
Three-pass Compiler
Source Front IR Middle IR Back machine
code End End End code

errors

 Must preserve “meaning” of the


code.
 Measured by values of named
variables
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Optimizer
IR
IR Opt IR Opt IR Opt Opt IR
1 2 3 n

errors

 Modern optimizers are


structured as a series of
passes
8
Optimizer
IR
IR Opt IR Opt IR Opt Opt IR
1 2 3 n

errors

Typical transformations
 Discover & propagate some
constant value
9
Optimizer
IR
IR Opt IR Opt IR Opt Opt IR
1 2 3 n

errors

Typical transformations
 Move a computation to a less
frequently executed place
10
Optimizer
IR
IR Opt IR Opt IR Opt Opt IR
1 2 3 n

errors

Typical transformations
 Specialize some computation
based on context
11
Optimizer
IR
IR Opt IR Opt IR Opt Opt IR
1 2 3 n

errors

Typical transformations
 Discover a redundant
computation & remove it
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Optimizer
IR
IR Opt IR Opt IR Opt Opt IR
1 2 3 n

errors

Typical transformations
 Remove useless or
unreachable code
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Optimizer
IR
IR Opt IR Opt IR Opt Opt IR
1 2 3 n

errors

Typical transformations
 Encode an idiom in some
particularly efficient form
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Role of Run-time System
 Memory management
 Allocate/deallocate
 Garbage collection
 Run-time type checking
 Error/exception processing
 Interface to OS – I/O
 Support for parallelism
 Parallel threads
 Communication and synchronization
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Related to Compilers
 Interpreters (direct execution)
 Assemblers
 Preprocessors
 Text formatters (non-
WYSIWYG)
 Analysis tools
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The End

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