No.

of Printed Pages : 8
BPHCT-

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B.Sc.)

(BSCG)
Term-End Examination
June, 2022

BPHCT-137 : WAVES AND OPTICS

Time : 2 hours Maximum Marks : 50

Note : All questions are compulsory. Internal choices are

given. Marks allotted to each question are indicated
against it. You may use a calculator. Symbols have
their usual meanings.

1. Attempt any five parts : 52=10

(a) If the amplitude of a wave is doubled, by

what factor will its energy change ?

(b) Is it correct to say that on a standing wave

formed on a string fixed at both ends, we
observe antinodes at the fixed ends ? Justify
your answer.

(c) Write any two differences between the

fringes obtained using a biprism and a
Lloyd’s mirror.

BPHCT-137 1 P.T.O.
 (d) State the principle of optical reversibility.

(e) What is the path difference between the

waves emanating from two consecutive
transparent zones of a zone plate ?

(f) Explain briefly how gratings are used in

spectroscopy.

(g) Draw the energy level diagram for a three-

level pumping scheme in a Ruby laser.

(h) List two basic differences between a

hologram and a normal photograph.

2. Attempt any two parts : 25=10

(a) Show that the speed of sound in a gaseous

medium is proportional to the square root of
temperature. 5
(b) Two light waves having different frequencies
and wavelengths are propagating in free
space. Do they travel with the same speed ?
Justify your answer. Also, calculate the
frequency of the electromagnetic wave having
wavelength 110 m. (Given c = 3  108 ms–1) 3+2
(c) A slab of glass having refractive index 1·5 is
immersed in water. Calculate the polarising
angle for a beam of light incident from
(i) glass on to glass-water interface, and
(ii) water on to water-glass interface. Take
refractive index of water to be 1·25. 3+2

BPHCT- 2
3. Attempt any two parts : 25=10
(a) Derive an expression for the displacement of
the nth bright fringe in Young’s double-slit
experiment when a thin transparent plate
(of mica or glass) of refractive index  and
thickness t is introduced in the path of one of
the constituent interfering beams of light. 5
(b) Newton’s rings are formed in reflected light
of wavelength 5890  10–8 cm with a liquid
between the plane and the curved surfaces.
The diameter of the fifth ring is 0·3 cm and
radius of curvature of the curved surface is
100 cm. Calculate the refractive index of the
liquid when the ring is dark. 5
(c) Explain how Michelson interferometer is
used for determination of the difference in
wavelengths. 5
4. Attempt any one part : 110=10
(a) Derive an expression for the intensity
distribution in the Single Slit Fraunhofer
diffraction pattern. 10
(b) (i) A coin has a diameter of 2·5 cm. How
many Fresnel zones does it cut off if
the screen is 2·0 m away ? If the screen
is moved to a distance of 3·0 m, how
many zones will it cut off ?
(Take  = 5  10–7 m) 5
(ii) Monochromatic light of wavelength
500 nm illuminates a diffraction
grating having 2000 lines. If the value
of the grating element is 1·6 m,
calculate the angular half-width of the
first order principal maxima. 5
BPHCT-137 3 P.T.O.
5. Attempt any two parts : 25=10

(a) What is speckle pattern of laser light ?

Explain the formation of speckle pattern
from a rough surface. 1+4

(b) In an optical fibre, the refractive index of

core is 1·51 and that of cladding is 1·46.
Calculate its critical angle, numerical
aperture and acceptance angle in air. 2+2+1

(c) With the help of energy level diagram,

explain the spontaneous emission,
absorption and stimulated emission of light. 5

BPHCT- 4
 ~r.nr.EM.gr.Qr.-

{dkmZ ñZmVH (~r.Eg.gr.)

(~r.Eg.gr.Or.)
gÌm§V narjm
OyZ, 2022

~r.nr.EM.gr.Q r.-137 : Va§J| Am¡a àH m{eH

s

g_` : 2 KÊQo A{YH V_ A§H : 50

ZmoQ : g^r àíZ A{Zdm`© h¢ & Am§V[aH {dH ën {XE JE h¢ & àË`oH
àíZ Ho A§H CgHo gm_Zo {XE JE h¢ & Amn H¡ ëHw boQa H
m Cn`moJ H a gH Vo h¢ & àVrH m| Ho AnZo gm_mÝ` AW© h¢ &

1. H moB© nm±M ^mJ H s{OE : 52=10

(H ) `{X {H gr Va§J Ho Am`m_ H m _mZ XþJwZm H a

{X`m OmE, Vmo CgH s D Om© _| {H VZm n[adV©Z hmoJm ?
(I) Š`m `h H WZ ghr h¡ {H XmoZm| {gam| na ~Õ EH
Smoar na {Z{_©V AàJm_r Va§J _| CgHo ~Õ {gam| na
àñn§X ào{jV hmoVo h¢ ? AnZo CÎma H s nw{îQ H s{OE &
(J) {ÛH {à.Á_ Am¡a bm°`S Xn©U go àmßV q\« Om| _| H
BPHCT-137 5 P.T.O.
 moB© Xmo A§Va ~VmBE &

BPHCT- 6
 (K) àH m{eH CËH« _Ur`Vm {Z`_ H m H WZ {b{IE &
(L) {H gr OmoZ n{Å H m Ho Xmo H« _mJV nmaXeu OmoZm| go
{ZJ©V Va§Jm| _| nWm§Va H m _mZ {H VZm hmoVm h¡ ?
(M) ñnoŠQ´moñH monr _| J«oqQJ Ho Cn`moJ H mo g§jon
_|g_PmBE &
(N) _m{UŠ` boga _| VrZ-ñVa n§nZ `moOZm H m D Om©
ñVa AmaoI It{ME &
(O) hmobmoJ«m_ Am¡a gm_mÝ` \ moQmoJ«m\ _| Xmo _yb^yV
A§Vam|H mo gyMr~Õ H s{OE &

2. H moB© Xmo ^mJ H s{OE : 25=10

(H ) {gÕ H s{OE {H J¡gr` _mÜ`_ _| Üd{Z H s Mmb

Vmn_mZ Ho dJ©_yb Ho g_mZwnmVr hmoVr h¡ & 5

(I) {^Þ Amd¥{Îm`m| Am¡a Va§JX¡¿`m] dmbr Xmo àH me Va§J|

_wº AmH me _| g§M[aV hmoVr h¢ & Š`m do g_mZ
Mmb
go g§MaU H aVr h¢ ? AnZo CÎma H s nw{îQ H s{OE
&
Va§JX¡¿`© 110 m dmbr {dÚwV²-Mw§~H s` Va§J H
s
Amd¥{Îm H m _mZ ^r n[aH {bV H s{OE & ({X`m J`m
h¡ 3+2
{H c = 3  10 ms )
8 –1

(J) H m±M H m EH ñb¡~ {OgH m AndV©Zm§H 1·5 h¡,

Ob
_| Sy~m hþAm h¡ & àH me {H aUnw§O Ho {bE
BPHCT-137 7 P.T.O.
 Y«wdU
H moU n[aH {bV H s{OE `{X dh (i) H m±M _mÜ`_
go
H m±M-Ob A§Vamn¥îR na Amn{VV hmoVm h¡, Am¡a
(ii) Ob _mÜ`_ go Ob-H m±M A§Vamn¥îR na
Amn{VV
hmoVm h¡ & Ob H m AndV©Zm§H 1·25 br{OE & 3+2

BPHCT- 8
3. H moB© Xmo ^mJ H s{OE : 25=10
(H ) `§J Ho {ÛH -aoIm{NÐ à`moJ _| _moQ mB© t
Am¡a AndV©Zm§H  dmbr EH nVbr nmaXeu ßboQ
(H m±M
`m A^«H H s ßboQ ) H mo EH KQH ì`{VH mar àH me
{H aUnw§O Ho nW _| aIm OmVm h¡ & nd| XrßV q\« O Ho
{dñWmnZ H m ì`§OH ì`wËnÞ H s{OE & 5
(I) g_Vb n¥îR Am¡a dH« n¥îR Ho ~rM EH Ðd aI H
a 5890  10–8 cm Va§JX¡¿`© dmbo namd{V©V àH me
_| Ý`yQZ db` ~Zo h¢ & nm±Md| db` H m ì`mg 0·3
cm h¡ Am¡a dH« n¥îR H s dH« Vm {ÌÁ`m 100 cm h¡
& Ðd H m AndV©Zm§H n[aH {bV H s{OE O~ db`
AXrßV
hmo & 5
(J) Va§JX¡¿`© _| A§Va {ZYm©[aV H aZo Ho {bE _mBH bgZ
ì`{VH aU_mnr Ho AZwà`moJ H mo g_PmBE & 5
4. H moB© EH ^mJ H s{OE : 110=10
(H ) EH b aoIm{NÐ \« mCZhmo\ a {ddV©Z n¡QZ© _| Vrd«Vm
{dVaU H m ì`§OH ì`wËnÞ H s{OE & 10
(I) (i) EH {gŠHo H m ì`mg 2·5 cm h¡ & `{X naXm
2·0 m Xÿa pñWV hmo Vmo {gŠHo Ûmam {H VZo
\«o Zb OmoZ ~m{YV hm|Jo ? `{X naXo H mo
3·0 m Xÿar na aIm OmE, Vmo {H VZo OmoZ
~m{YV hm|Jo ?
(_mZ br{OE  = 5  10–7 m) 5
(ii) 2000 aoImAm| dmbo {ddV©Z J«oqQJ H mo
500 nm Va§JX¡¿`© Ho EH dUu àH me
go àXrßV {H `m OmVm h¡ & `{X J«oqQJ
A§Vamb H m _mZ 1·6 m h¡, Vmo àW_ H
BPHCT-137 9 P.T.O.
 mo{Q _w»` C{ƒîR H s H moUr` AY©-
Mm¡‹S mB© n[aH {bV
H s{OE & 5

BPHCT- 1
5. H moB© Xmo ^mJ H s{OE : 25=10

(H ) boga àH me H m Yã~oXma n¡QZ© Š`m hmoVm h¡ ?

IwaXar gVh go Yã~oXma n¡QZ© Ho {Z_m©U H s
ì`m»`m
H s{OE & 1+4

(I) EH àH m{eH V§Vw Ho H« moS H m AndV©Zm§H 1·51

Am¡a n[a{ZYmZ H m AndV©Zm§H 1·46 h¡ & Bg
V§Vw H m H« m§{VH H moU, g§»`mË_H ÛmaH Am¡a dm`w _|
ñdrH aU
H moU n[aH {bV H s{OE & 2+2+1
(J) D Om© ñVa AmaoIm| H s ghm`Vm go àH me Ho ñdV:
CËgO©Z, AdemofU Am¡a CÔr{nV CËgO©Z H s ì`m»`m
H s{OE & 5

BPHCT-137 1 P.T.O.
1
No. of Printed Pages : 8
BPHCT-

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B.Sc.)

(BSCG)
Term-End Examination
December 2022

BPHCT-137 : WAVES AND OPTICS

Time : 2 hours Maximum Marks : 50

Note : All questions are compulsory. Internal choices are
given. Marks allotted to each question are indicated
against it. You may use a calculator. Symbols have
their usual meanings.

1. Attempt any five parts : 52=10

(a) What is the distance between two

consecutive points in same phase on a
waveform graph of a wave called ? Show it in
a labelled diagram.
(b) Is it true that, in the standing wave formed
on a string, the displacement and velocity of
the particles of the medium (string) are zero
at the nodes ? Justify your answer.
(c) Plot the intensity distribution for the
interference fringe pattern produced by two
waves of the same frequency.

BPHCT- 1 P.T.
 (d) Using sodium light of wavelength 5893 Å ,
interference fringes are formed due to
reflection from a thin air wedge. When
viewed perpendicularly, 20 fringes are
observed in a distance of 2·0 cm. Calculate
the angle of the wedge. (Take  = 1 for air)
(e) What is the phase difference between
secondary wavelets emanating from two
consecutive half-period zones ?
(f) Draw the intensity distribution curve for the
diffraction pattern due to a straight edge.
(g) Draw the energy level diagram for a four-
level pumping scheme for lasers.
(h) State the difference between Step Index
Single Mode (SISM) and Step Index
Multimode (SIMM) optical fibres.

2. Attempt any two parts : 25=10

(a) Starting from the expression for the steady-
state amplitude of a damped forced
oscillator

a() = F
2 2 20 2 2 1/2
m[( –  )  4b  ]
0
show that the resonance frequency is equal
to the natural frequency of the driven
oscillator. 5
(b) On the basis of Huygens’ principle, explain
the concept of wavefront. Also, explain the
propagation of light (electromagnetic wave)
using the concept of wavefront. 2+3
BPHCT- 2
 (c) A beam of unpolarised light is incident on a
polariser-analyser set-up. When the
transmission axes of the polariser and
analyser are parallel, the intensity of light
–2
emerging from the analyser is 0·4 Wm .
What will the intensity of the emergent light
be when the angle between the transmission
axes of the polariser and analyser is 45 ? 5

3. Attempt any two parts : 25=10

(a) Two waves of same frequency and constant

phase difference have intensities in the ratio
121 : 1. When superposed, these waves
produce interference fringes. Calculate the
ratio of the maximum to minimum intensity. 5
(b) A ray of light is incident on a thin film of
thickness t and refractive index  (> 1). The
angle of refraction for the ray is r. Obtain the
condition for destructive interference. 5
(c) Explain how circular fringes are formed in
Michelson interferometer. 5

4. Attempt any two parts : 25=10

(a) The radius of the first half-period zone of a

zone plate is 0·4 mm. When a light of
wavelength 6  10–5 cm is incident on the
zone plate, it brings the rays of light to focus
at its brightest point. Calculate the focal
length of the zone plate. 5

BPHCT- 3 P.T.
 (b) In a double-slit diffraction set-up, the
wavelength of light used is 6  10–5 cm, slit
width is 0·02 mm and the spacing between
the slits is 0·12 mm. If the distance of the
screen from the slits is 1·25 m, calculate the
distance between the two consecutive dark
fringes. 5
(c) The expression for intensity for the
diffraction pattern of a grating having N
slits is
2 2
2 sin  sin N
I  A 2 . 2
 sin 
On the basis of the above relation, obtain the
condition for principal maxima in the
diffraction pattern. 5

5. Attempt any two parts : 25=10

(a) Laser radiation of 5000 Å wavelength is
sustained in a cavity in which mirrors are
separated by a distance of 25 cm.
(i) Estimate the number of modes (n)
sustained.
(ii) Calculate the mode separation. 3+2
(b) What is pulse (or modal) dispersion in optical
fibre ? How can it be reduced by graded index
fibre ? 2+3
(c) Explain the operation of Ruby laser with the
help of a schematic diagram. 5

BPHCT- 4
 ~r.nr.EM.gr.Qr.-

{dkmZ ñZmVH (~r.Eg.gr.)

(~r.Eg.gr.Or.)
gÌm§V narjm
{Xgå~a, 2022

~r.nr.EM.gr.Q r.-137 : Va§J| Am¡a àH m{eH

s

g_` : 2 KÊQo A{YH V_ A§H : 50

ZmoQ : g^r àíZ A{Zdm`© h¢ & Am§V[aH {dH ën {XE JE h¢ &

àË`oH àíZ Ho A§H CgHo gm_Zo {XE JE h¢ & Amn H¡ ëHw
boQa H m Cn`moJ H a gH Vo h¢ & àVrH m| Ho AnZo gm_mÝ`
AW© h¢ &

1. H moB© nm±M ^mJ H s{OE : 52=10

(H ) {H gr Va§J Ho Va§Jv n J«m\ na Xmo H« _mJV g_H bm
{~ÝXþAm| Ho ~rM H s Xÿar Š`m H hbmVr h¡ ? Bgo
EH Zm_m§{H V {MÌ Ûmam {XImBE &
(I) Š`m `h H hZm ghr h¡ {H {H gr Smoar na
{Z{_©V AàJm_r Va§J _| {Zñn§Xm| na pñWV _mÜ`_
(Smoar) Ho H Um| H m {dñWmnZ Am¡a doJ H m _mZ eyÝ`
hmoVm h¡ ?
AnZo CÎma H s nwpîQ H s{OE &
BPHCT- 5 P.T.
 (J) g_mZ Amd¥{Îm dmbr Xmo Va§Jm| Ûmam CËnÞ ì`{VH
aU q\« O n¡QZ© Ho {bE Vrd«Vm {dVaU H m AmboI
It{ME &

BPHCT- 6
 (K) Va§JX¡Ü`© 5893 Å dmbo gmo{S`_ àH me Ho EH
nVbr dm`w \ mZ (thin air wedge) go namdV©Z
hmoZo na ì`{VH aU q\« O ~ZVo h¢ & b§~dV²
XoIZo na 2.0 cm Xÿar _| 20 q\« O {XImB© n‹S Vo
h¢ & \ mZ H m H moU n[aH {bV H s{OE &
(dm`w Ho {bE  = 1 br{OE)
(L) Xmo H« _mJV AY©-AmdV©Z OmoZm| go {ZJ©V
{ÛVr`H Va§{JH mAm| Ho ~rM H bm§Va H m _mZ {H VZm
hmoVm h¡ ?
(M) EH grYr H moa Ho H maU {ddV©Z n¡QZ© Ho {bE Vrd«Vm
{dVaU dH« Amao{IV H s{OE &
(N) bogam| Ho {bE Mma-ñVa n§nZ `moOZm H m D Om©
ñVa AmaoI It{ME &
(O) gmonmZ AndV©Zm§H EH b-{dYm (SISM) Am¡a
gmonmZ AndV©Zm§H ~hþ-{dYm (SIMM) àH m{eH
V§VwAm| _|A§Va ~VmBE &

2. H moB© Xmo ^mJ H s{OE : 25=10

(H ) Ad_§{XV àUmo{XV Xmo{bÌ Ho ñWm`r-AdñWm
Am`m_ Ho ì`§OH
a() = F
2 2 20 2 2 1/2
m[( –  )  4b  ]
0

go Ama§^ H a {gÕ H s{OE {H AZwZmX Amd¥{Îm

H m
_mZ ào[aV Xmo{bÌ H s àmH¥ {VH Amd¥{Îm Ho
~am~a
hmoVm h¡ & 5

(I) hmBJoÝg {gÕm§V Ho AmYma na Va§JmJ« H s

BPHCT- 7 P.T.
 AdYmaUm H mo g_PmBE & Va§JmJ« H s AdYmaUm H m
Cn`moJ H a àH me ({dÚwV²-Mw§~H s` Va§J) Ho
g§MaU H s ^r ì`m»`m H s{OE & 2+3

BPHCT- 8
 (J) EH Y«wdH -{díbofH `w½_ na EH AY«w{dV àH me
{H aU nw§O Amn{VV hmoVm h¡ & O~ Y«wdH Am¡a
{díbofH Ho nmaJ_Z Aj g_m§Va h¢, Vmo {díbofH go
{ZJ©V àH me H s Vrd«Vm 0·4 Wm–2 h¡ & O~
Y«wdH Am¡a {díbofH Ho nmaJ_Z Ajm| Ho ~rM H
m H moU
45 hmo Vmo {ZJ©V àH me H s Vrd«Vm {H VZr hmoJr ? 5

3. H moB© Xmo ^mJ H s{OE : 25=10

(H ) g_mZ Amd¥{Îm Am¡a {Z`V H bm§Va dmbr Xmo

Va§Jm| H s Vrd«VmAm| H m AZwnmV 121 : 1 h¡ &
O~ BZ Va§Jm| H mo AÜ`mamo{nV {H `m OmVm h¡,
Vmo ì`{VH aU q\« O| CËnÞ hmoVr h¢ & A{YH V_
Am¡a Ý`yZV_ Vrd«VmAm| H m
AZwnmV n[aH {bV H s{OE & 5

(I) _moQ mB© t Am¡a AndV©Zm§H  (> 1) dmbr nVbr

naV na àH me H s {H aU Amn{VV hmoVr h¡ & {H
aU Ho
{bE AndV©Z H moU r h¡ & {dZmer ì`{VH aU 5
Ho {bE à{V~§Y H m ì`§OH àmá H s{OE &
(J) g_PmBE {H _mBH bgZ ì`{VH aU_mnr _|
dVw©b q\« O| H¡ go ~ZVr h¢ & 5

4. H moB© Xmo ^mJ H s{OE : 25=10

(H ) EH OmoZ-n{ÅH m Ho àW_ AY©-AmdV©Z OmoZ H s

{ÌÁ`m 0·4 mm h¡ & O~ 6  10–5 cm
Va§JX¡Ü`© dmbm àH me Bg OmoZ-n{ÅH m na
Amn{VV hmoVm h¡, Vmo àH me H s {H aU| EH
BPHCT- 9 P.T.
 Xrá {~ÝXþ na \ moH {gV hmoVr
h¢ & OmoZ-n{ÅH m H s \ moH g Xÿar n[aH {bV H
s{OE & 5

BPHCT- 1
 (I) EH {Û-aoIm{NÐ {ddV©Z ì`dñWm _| à`wº àH me H
m Va§JX¡Ü`© 6  10–5 cm, aoIm{NÐ Mm¡‹S mB© 0·02
mm VWm aoIm{NÐm| Ho ~rM H s Xÿar 0·12 mm
h¡ & `{X aoIm{NÐm| go naXo H s Xÿar 1·25 m h¡,
Vmo Xmo H« _mJV
AXrßV q\« Om| Ho ~rM H s Xÿar n[aH {bV H 5
s{OE &
(J) N aoIm{NÐm| dmbr J«oqQJ
2
2 sin 
Ho 2{ddV©Z n¡QZ© _|
I  A sin N
2 . 2
sin 

Cn`w©º g§~§Y Ho AmYma na {ddV©Z n¡QZ© _| _w»`

C{ƒîRm| Ho {bE à{V~§Y àmá H s{OE & 5

5. H moB© Xmo ^mJ H s{OE : 25=10

(H ) EH H moQa _|, {OgHo Xn©Um| H mo 25 cm H s

Xÿar na
aIm J`m h¡, 5000 Å Va§JX¡Ü`© H m boga {d{H
aU
à{Vnm{bV hmoVm h¡ &
(i) {dYmAm| H s g§»`m (n) H m _mZ AZw_m{ZV
H s{OE &
(ii) {dYm-n¥WŠH aU n[aH {bV H s{OE & 3+2

(I) àH m{eH V§Vw _| ñn§X (`m _moSb) n[ajonU Š`m

hmoVm
h¡ ? H« {_H AndV©Zm§H V§Vw H m Cn`moJ H a Bgo {H
g
àH ma H _ {H `m OmVm h¡ ? 2+3

BPHCT- 1 P.T.
 (J) ì`dñWm {MÌ H s ghm`Vm go _m{UŠ` boga
Hm
àMmbZ g_PmBE & 5

BPHCT- 1
No. of Printed Pages : 10 BPHCT-137

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (GENERAL)

(BSCG)
Term-End Examination
June, 2023
BPHCT-137 : WAVES AND OPTICS

Time : 2 Hours Maximum Marks : 50

Note : (i) All questions are compulsory. However,

internal choices are given.

(ii) You may use a calculator.

(iii) Symbols have their usual meanings.

(iv) The marks for each question are

indicated against it.

1. Attempt any five parts : 5×2=10

(a) Is it possible to lase a Ruby laser with

excitation wavelength of 8000 Å ? Justify
your answer.

P. T.
 [2] BPHCT-137

(b) A note of a piano is sounded with a tuning

fork of frequency 512 Hz. If eight beats are
heard every second, calculate the frequency
of the note.
(c) Construct wavefronts using Huygens’
principle.
(d) Show o- and e-wave surfaces in negative
uniaxial crystal.
(e) Write two differences between biprism and
Lloyd’s mirror fringes.
(f) Suppose the radius of the first half period
of a zone plate is 0.4 mm. When a light of
wavelength 6 × 10–5 cm is incident on the
zone plate, it brings the rays of light to
focus at its brightest point. Calculate the
focal length of the zone plate.
(g) Depict intensity curve for a double shift
diffraction pattern.
(h) Draw energy level diagram of helium-neon
laser.

2. Answer any two parts : 2×5=10

(a) A progressive transverse wave is

travelling on a string of length 3.0 m and
mags 300 g. The tension in the string is
40 N. If the
 [3] BPHCT-137

frequency and amplitude of the wave are

40 Hz and 6 mm, repectively, calculate the
average power of the wave over one period.

(b) Show that speed of sound in air is given

by :

 k BT m
Vsound 

(c) What do you understand by the term

reverberation ? What is its significance in
design of a hall ?

3. Answer any two parts : 2×5=10

(a) The wavelength of an electromagnetic
wave is 400 nm. The wave is travelling

along the +y-direction and its E field is
along the z-direction. Calculate the angular
frequency and wave number of the wave. If
the electric field amplitude is 500 Vm–1,
determine the amplitude of the magnetic
field.

(b) What is polarization of light ? Discuss

polarization by reflection.

P. T.
 [4] BPHCT-137

(c) In a Young’s double slit experiment,

a monochromatic light of wavelength
600 nm is used. One of the slits is covered
by a transparent sheet of thickness
1.7 × 10–5 m and refractive index 1.6.
Calculate the number of fringes that will
shift due to introduction of the sheet.

4. Answer any two parts : 2×5=10

(a) Show that the radii of dark rings obtained

in the Newton’s ring experiment are
proportional to the square root of the
natural numbers.

(b) Explain how Michelson interferometer can

be used to determine wavelength of light.

(c) A coin has a diameter 2 cm. How many

Fresnel zones will it cut-off if the screen is
2 m away ? If the screen is further moved
by 2 m, how many zones will be cut-off ?

Take   5  107 cm .

5. Answer any two parts :

(a) Obtain Enistein’s relations for absorption

and stimulated emission. 5
 [5] BPHCT-137

(b) Discuss applications of lasers in industry

and environmental monitoring. 5

(c) (i) Name the factors on which number of

modes that can propagate in a fibre
depend. 2

(ii) Depict the modes that (1) a step index

multimode and (2) graded
index multimode fibre can support. 3

P. T.
 [6] BPHCT-137

BPHCT–137

2023
-137

(i)

(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

5×2=10

8000 Å
í

Hz

]
 [7] BPHCT-137

o-
e-

0.4 mm

6  105 cm

2×5=10

3.0 m

300 g

P. T.
 [8] BPHCT-137

40 N

40 Hz 6 mm ]
(Power)

 k BT m
Vsound 

× =

nm
y-


E z

500
Vm1

]
 [9] BPHCT-137

600 nm

1.7  105 m

2×5=10

2 cm

2m ]
2m

]
  5  107 cm

P. T.
 [ 10 ] BPHCT-137

(i)

(ii)

BPHCT–137 6,570