EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT, Coimbatore

UNIT-III
PART-A

1. Find the impulse response of the system by

-t/RC
h(t)=1/RC e u(t).

solution:
The step response is obtained from the impulse response as
t

Y(t)=  h() d 
-

t
-/RC
=  1/RC e u(t).d 
- 

t
-/RC
=  1/RC e .d 
- 
t
-/RC
=1/RC x1/(-1/RC)[e ]o

-t/RC
=1-e for t0
This is the step response.

2. .What is the impulse response of the system y(t)=x(t-t0)

Take the laplace transform of the given equation,

-sto
Y(s)=e X(s)
-sto
H(s)=Y(S)/H(s)=e
EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

Taking inverse laplace transform of the

above equation, h(t)=(t-to).

3. Define Eigen value and Eigen function of LTI-CT system?

-st.
Let the input to LTI-CT system be a complex exponential e Then
using the convolution theorem we get the output as
st
Y(t)=H(s)e
st
Thus the output is equal to input multiplied by h(s). Hence e is called
eigen function and h(s) is called as eigen value.

-
4. The impulse response of the LTI-CT system is given as h(t)=e
t
u(t).Determine the transfer function and check whether the system is
causal and stable?

-t
h(t)=e u(t).
Taking LT, H(s)=1/s+1
Here pole at s=-1, i.e. located in left half of the s-plane .Hence this
system is causal
and stable.

5. How complex exponentials are referred as eigen signals of LTI

systems.
st
Let the input to LTI-CT system be a complex exponential e .
Then using the
convolution theorem, we get the
output as
under: Y(t) =
st
H(s) e
st
Hence, output is equal to input multiplied by H(s). Hence e is called
eigenfunction
and H(x) is called eigen value.
EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

6. State the convolution Theorem of Fourier Transform?

t
2 -1.
 x().d(j f) x(f)+1/2x(0).(f)
-

7. State the properties of direct delta function?



a)


(
f
)
d
f

-


b) shifting property: 



(
f
-
f
0
)
g
(
f
)
 EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

d
f

-


c) 2(t)= 
jwt
 e du.
-
8. Find the Fourier Transform of a signum function?

Sgn (t) = {1,t>0

{-1,t<0

Fourier Transform sgn (t) = 2/j

9. Write down the sufficient condition for the existence or Discrete

Time Fourier Transform (DTFT)?
For a sequence x(n), the sufficient condition is as below:

j -
X(e ) =  x(n)e
jn
n= -

10. Write the differential property of FT.

d
dt x(t )  j 2fX ()

11. Define transfer function

N M

ak ( j)
k 0
k
y()  bk ( j)k x()
k 0
EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

y() bk ( j)k

)  x()  k 0
N
H( ak ( j)k

k 0

H( ) is called as transfer function.

F-1[H(ω)] = h(t)

h (t) is called as impulse response.

-b/t/
12. Find the laplace transform of the signal x(t)=e

-b/t/
Given x(t)=e

st
 x(t)e dt

X(s)=


 eb / t / est dt


PART-B
1. The differential eqn. of the system is given as AUC MAY 06
d 2 y(t)  5 dy(t)  6y(t)   dx(t) . Find H(ω) and h(t).
EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

dt2 dt dt
Soln:

Take Fourier transform,

(J) 2 y()  5 jy()  6y()  jx()

 
y() (J) 2  5 jt  6  jx()

H ()  y()   j
x() ( j)2  5 j  6

By using partial fractions,

 j A B
( j  2)( j  3)  j  2  j  3

Solving and substituting jω=-2,

We get,

A = 2 and B = -3

H()  2  3
j  2 3 j
Using inverse Fourier transform,

1
h(t)  (2e2t  3e3t )u(t)eatu(t)  a  j

h(t)  (2e2t 3e3t )u(t)

2. Determine the system response of the given differential equation

dy(t)  2 y(t)  x(t)
dt and the input
x(t)  et u(t)

Soln.

dy(t )  2 y(t )  x(t )

EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

dt
Jy()  2 y()  Jx() y()[ J
 2]  Jx()

H ( )  y()  J
x() [ J  2]
J
y()  J  2 * x()

given,
t
x(t )  e u(t )
F{x(t )}  X ()
1
 J  1
J 1
y()  ( J  2) * ( J  1)

By Simplifying, We get,

A=2 and
B=-1.

2 1
y()  J  2  J  1
TakeInverse,
 2e2t u(t )  et u(t )
y(t )  2e 2t u(t )  et u(t )

3.Consider the differential equation

d 2 y(t)  5 y(t)  6 y(t)  dx(t)  x(t)

dt2 dt dt
x(t)  e4t u(t)

Solution:

d 2 y(t)  5 y(t)  6 y(t)  dx(t)  x(t)

dt2 dt dt
J 2 2 y()  5Jy()  6 y()  jx()  x()
solving ,
EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

y()
H ()  x()
j 1
 y()  ( j) 2  5 j  6 * x()
Given, x(t)  e 4t u(t)
EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

1
F{x(t)}  J  4

j 1
 y()  (( j)2  5 j  6)( j  4)
j 1 A
( j  3)( j  2)( j  4)  j  3 

Put, j 2,
and
weget
A  1/ 2, B 2andC 3 / 2.

y()  1/ 2  (2)   3 / 2
J   3 j  2 j  4
Taking, Inverse
1 3t 2t 3 4t 
y(t)  e  2e  e u(t)
2 2 

B C
j  2  j  4

4. Determine the transfer function for the given differential equation

d 2 y(t)  3y(t)  2 y(t)  2dx(t)  x(t)
dt 2 dt dt
Solution:

( j)2 y()  3 jy()  2 y()  2 jx() 

x() y()[( j)2  3 j  2]  [2 j 1][x()]

H ()  y()
x()
2 j 1
y()  ( j)  3 j  2 * x()
2

2 j 1
H ()  ( j)2  3 j  2

5. Find the impulse response of given differential equation,

EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

d 2 y(t)  6dy(t)  8 y(t)  2x(t)

dt 2 dt

Solution :
( j) 2 y()  6 jy()  8 y()  2x()

y()[( j)2  6 jy()  8 y()  2x()

y()[( j)2  6 j  8]  2x()
y()
H ()  x()
2
 ( j)2  6 j  8
2
 ( j  2)( j  4)
Using partial fractions,

We get,

2=A (jw+4) +B (jw+2)

1 1
H ()  j  2  j  4

Take Inverse Fourier transform,

-2t -4t
h(t)=e u(t)-e u(t)

6. The system produces the output of y(t)=e-tu(t) for an input of x(t)=e-2tu(t).

Determine its fourier transform and impulse response.

Solution:
-t
Given y(t)=e u(t)
-2t
X(t)=e u(t)

We know that,

Y(t)=x(t)h(t)

Take Fourier Transform,

y(f)=x(f)h(f)
EC3354-SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS PPGIT,
Coimbatore

H(f) y( f )
x( f )


y( f )   y(t)e  j 2ft dt
0


 e at e  j 2f dt
t

e ( a j 2f ) e0
  (a  j2f )  (a  j2f )

1
=0+ a  j2f
Put a=1,
-at 1
e u(t)=
1  j2ft
1
F[e t u(t )  1  j 2f  y( f )
1
F[e 2t u(t )]  X(f)
2  j 2f
H(f)  Y(f)
X(f)
1
 1  j 2f * (2  j 2f )

H(f)  2  j 2f
1  j 2f
H(f)  1  j 2f  1
1  j 2f
1
1
1  j 2f F[s(t )]
1
h(t )  s(t )  e t u(t )