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Structure of DNA and Protein Synthesis

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euan.holden246
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18 views

Structure of DNA and Protein Synthesis

Uploaded by

euan.holden246
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DNA_

determines what characteristics you


have

chromosomes are
long molecules of
DNA

double helix structure

gener
a
gene is a small section of DNA
found on a chromosome

each gene lodes for a


specific
protein what order of amino acids

determines cell type


genomen entire length of DNA

the entire set of genetic material


in an
organism

understanding of the human genome allows

Lee
scientists to identify
genes linked to
disease
genes that are linked to inneited
disoudes
trace common ancestors

StructureofDNAm
made
from monomers called nucleotides
each nucleotide consists of a sugar
phosphate group and a base

Sugar and phosphate groups


alternate
Some parts of DNA don't code
for proteins These Swirch genes
on or off and decide whether a

gene is expressed or not

nucleoti
eoffthoisseteighfiities phosphate group
Ii

YESSIEESIS feasters base

Sugar
each base joins to a
sugar

each base is A T C G

A T C G

this is complementary base pairing


mRNAm

proteins are synthesised on ribosome


in the cytoplasm

mRNA copies the code from the

DNA in the nucleus and carries


it to the ribosome

the correct amino acids are

brought to the ribosomes in


the correct order
by carrier molecule

these proteins may be


enzymes
hormones
structural proteins

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