y

e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A v
lIGCSEAlPast Year v
i n A y
lv m
y m Unit 08
A e d e
Straight Line Graphs
d a
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A
0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

Mathematical Formulae

y
e m
1. ALGEBRA

ad
Quadratic Equation
c in
For the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, A l v
i n
−b 2
b − 4 ac A y
v
x=
l 2a
y
A e m e m
Binomial Theorem
y d ad
m ( ) ( ) n
c a () n c n

d e A
(a + b)n = an + 1 an–1 b + 2 an–2 b2 + … + r an–r br + … + bn,
A
ca ( ) vin n n!
in
lv
where n is a positive integer and r =
A l
(n – r)!r!

A
i n A y
lv m
y m
A e d e 2. TRIGONOMETRY

d a
ca c
Identities

A A sin2 A + cos2 A = 1

i n sec2 A = 1 + tan2 A

lv cosec2 A = 1 + cot2 A

Formulae for ∆ABC

A
a b c
sin A = sin B = sin C

a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bc cos A
1
∆= bc sin A
2

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0606/11/M/J/14 10

8 The table shows values of variables V and p.

V 10 50 100 200
p 95.0 8.5 3.0
y 1.1

e m
(i) By plotting a suitable straight line graph, show that V and p are related by the equation p = kV n ,
where k and n are constants.
ad [4]

c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606/11/M/J/14 11

8 Use your graph to find

(ii) the value of n, [2]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
ad
(iii) the value of p when V = 35. [2]

c i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/21/M/J/14 10

9 Solutions to this question by accurate drawing will not be accepted.

The points A ^ p, 1h, B ^1, 6h, C ^4, qh and D ^5, 4h, where p and q are constants, are the vertices of a kite

y
ABCD. The diagonals of the kite, AC and BD, intersect at the point E. The line AC is the perpendicular
bisector of BD. Find

e m
(i) the coordinates of E,

ad [2]

c in
A lv
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d
(ii) the equation of the diagonal AC,
ad [3]

ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/21/M/J/14 11

9 (iii) the area of the kite ABCD. [3]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/22/M/J/14 9

8 The line y = x - 5 meets the curve x 2 + y 2 + 2x - 35 = 0 at the points A and B. Find the
exact length of AB. [6]

y
e m
ad
c in
A l v
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/22/M/J/14 11

10 Two variables x and y are connected by the relationship y = Ab x , where A and b are constants.

(i) Transform the relationship y = Ab x into a straight line form. [2]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
An experiment was carried out measuring values of y for certain values of x. The values of ln y and x
were plotted and a line of best fit was drawn. The graph is shown on the grid below.
A em e m
ln y
y d ad
m c a c
e 6
A A
c ad 5
i n in
A 4
l v l v
i n A A
lv
3
y y
A em 2
e m
d ad
ca
1
c
A 0 A 6 x
n
1 2 3 4 5
–1 i
lv
A
(ii) Use the graph to determine the value of A and the value of b, giving each to 1 significant figure.
[4]

(iii) Find x when y = 220. [2]

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/13/M/J/14 12

10 The table shows experimental values of x and y.

x 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25

y
em
y 3.9 8.3 19.5 51.7

(i) Complete the following table.

ad
c in
x2
A lv
1g y
i n A y
lv y [1]

A em e m
(ii) By plotting a suitable straight line graph on the grid on page 13, show that x and y are related
2

y
by the equation y = Ab x , where A and b are constants.
d ad [2]

m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
(iii) Use your graph to find the value of A and of b.

i n A A [4]

lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

(iv) Estimate the value of y when x = 1.25. [2]

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/13/M/J/14 13

10

2
y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
1
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
0
A 1 2
l v 3 4
l v 5 6

i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
–1
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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10
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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/23/M/J/14 11

9 Solutions to this question by accurate drawing will not be accepted.

The points A (2, 11) , B (-2, 3) and C (2, -1) are the vertices of a triangle.

(i) Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB.

y [4]

e m
ad
c in
A l v
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
The line through A parallel to BC intersects the perpendicular bisector of AB at the point D.

y d ad
(ii) Find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD.
m c a c
[6]

e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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11
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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/11/O/N/14 9

8 The point P lies on the line joining A (- 2, 3) and B (10, 19) such that AP: PB = 1: 3.

(i) Show that the x-coordinate of P is 1 and find the y-coordinate of P. [2]
y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a
(ii) Find the equation of the line through P which is perpendicular to AB.
c
[3]

e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A
The line through P which is perpendicular to AB meets the y-axis at the point Q.
n
i
lv
(iii) Find the area of the triangle AQB. [3]

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/11/O/N/14 10

9 The table shows experimental values of variables x and y.

x 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
y 18.8 29.6 46.9 y 74.1 117.2

e m
ad
c in
A l v
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
(i) By plotting a suitable straight line graph on the grid below, show that x and y are related by the
equation y = ab x , where a and b are constants.
y d ad [4]

m c a c
e A A
cad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/11/O/N/14 11

9 (ii) Use your graph to find the value of a and of b. [4]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/13/O/N/14 4

2 The line 4y = x + 8 cuts the curve xy = 4 + 2x at the points A and B. Find the exact length
of AB. [5]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/23/O/N/14 6

4 The profit $P made by a company in its nth year is modelled by

P = 1000e an + b .

In the first year the company made $2000 profit. y

e m
(i) Show that a + b = ln 2 .

ad [1]

c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
In the second year the company made $3297 profit.
A em e m
y
(ii) Find another linear equation connecting a and b.
d ad [2]

m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
n A A
(iii) Solve the two equations from parts (i) and (ii) to find the value of a and of b.
i
[2]

lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
(iv) Using your values for a and b, find the profit in the 10th year. [2]
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/23/O/N/14 8

6 Variables x and y are such that, when ln y is plotted against 3 x , a straight line graph passing through
(4, 19) and (9, 39) is obtained.

ln y y
e m
ad (9, 39)
c in
A lv
i
(4, 19) n A y
lv y
A em e m
O
y d ad 3x

m c a c
e
(i) Find the equation of this line in the form ln y = m3 x + c , where m and c are constants to be found.
A A
ad
[3]

c i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A
(ii) Find y when x = 0.5. [2]

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/23/O/N/14 9

6 (iii) Find x when y = 2000 . [3]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/12/F/M/15 7

5
ey

y
e m (3, 5)

ad
c in
A lv
i n (2, 1)
A y
l v y m
O x

y
A y

d em d e
Variables x and y are such that when e is plotted against x a straight line graph is obtained. The
a
diagram shows this straight line graph which passes through the points (2, 1) and (3, 5).
m c c a
e A A
ad
(i) Express y in terms of x. [4]

c i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A
(ii) State the values of x for which y exists.
n
[1]

i
lv
A
(iii) Find the value of x when y = ln 6 . [1]

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

10
0606/22/F/M/15
8 Solutions to this question by accurate drawing will not be accepted.

The points A and B have coordinates (2, −1) and (6, 5) respectively.

y
(i) Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB, giving your answer in the form ax + by = c ,
where a, b and c are integers.
e m [4]

ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y
The point C has coordinates (10, −2). y
A em e m
d ad
(ii) Find the equation of the line through C which is parallel to AB. [2]

ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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11
0606/22/F/M/15

8 (iii) Calculate the length of BC. [2]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y
(iv) Show that triangle ABC is isosceles.
d ad [1]

m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606/22/M/J/15 10

9 Solutions by accurate drawing will not be accepted.

y
y = mx + 4
y
em
P (2, 10)

ad
c in
R A l v
i n A y
lv y
A4
em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
ad
Q

c i n in
A
–1
l
O
v l v
2 x

i n A A
The line y = mx + 4 meets the lines x = 2 and x =- 1 at the points P and Q respectively. The point R is

lv y y
such that QR is parallel to the y-axis and the gradient of RP is 1. The point P has coordinates (2, 10).

A
(i) Find the value of m.
em e m [2]

d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
(ii) Find the y-coordinate of Q. [1]

(iii) Find the coordinates of R. [2]

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/22/M/J/15 11

9 (iv) Find the equation of the line through P, perpendicular to PQ, giving your answer in the form
ax + by = c , where a, b and c are integers. [3]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
em
(v) Find the coordinates of the midpoint, M, of the line PQ. [2]
A e m d
y ad c a
e m c A
ad A n
c i n v i
A l v l
i n A A
lv y
(vi) Find the area of triangle QRM. y [2]

A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/13/M/J/15 7

5 The curve y = xy + x 2 - 4 intersects the line y = 3x - 1 at the points A and B. Find the
equation of the perpendicular bisector of the line AB. [8]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

14
0606/23/M/J/15
10 The relationship between experimental values of two variables, x and y, is given by y = Ab x , where A
and b are constants.

y
(i) By transforming the relationship y = Ab x , show that plotting ln y against x should produce a

m
straight line graph. [2]

d e
c a in
A lv
i n A
(ii) The diagram below shows the results of plotting ln y against x for 7 different pairs of values of
y
lv
variables, x and y. A line of best fit has been drawn.
y
ln y A em e m
12
y d ad
m c a c
11
e A A
10
cad i n in
9 A l v l v
i n A A
lv
8
y y
A 7
em e m
d ad
ca c
6

5
A A
i n
0 1
lv 2 3 4 5 6 x

A
By taking readings from the diagram, find the value of A and of b, giving each value correct to
1 significant figure. [4]

(iii) Estimate the value of y when x = 2.5. [2]

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

9
0606/12/O/N/15

7 Two variables, x and y, are such that y = Ax b , where A and b are constants. When ln y is plotted
against ln x , a straight line graph is obtained which passes through the points ^1.4, 5.8h and ^2.2, 6.0h.

(i) Find the value of A and of b.

y [4]

e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
(ii)
A
Calculate the value of y when x = 5.

n
[2]

i
lv
A

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16
0606/12/O/N/15

12 The line 2x - y + 1 = 0 meets the curve x 2 + 3y = 19 at the points A and B. The

perpendicular bisector of the line AB meets the x-axis at the point C. Find the area of the triangle ABC.
[9]
y
e m
ad
c in
A l v
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable
effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will
be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.

Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
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0606/22/O/N/15 12

8 Solutions to this question by accurate drawing will not be accepted.

TwopointsAandBhavecoordinates(–3,2)and(9,8)respectively.

y
(i) FindthecoordinatesofC, thepointwherethelineABcutsthey-axis. [3]

e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y
(ii) FindthecoordinatesofD,themid-pointofAB. y [1]

A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/22/O/N/15 13

8 (iii) FindtheequationoftheperpendicularbisectorofAB. [2]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n
TheperpendicularbisectorofABcutsthey-axisatthepointE. A y
lv y
em
(iv) FindthecoordinatesofE. [1]
A e m d
y ad c a
e m c A
ad A n
c i n v i
A l v l
n A A
(v) ShowthattheareaoftriangleABEisfourtimestheareaoftriangle ECD.
i
[3]

lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

14
0606/13/O/N/15

11 Theline x - y + 2 = 0 intersectsthecurve 2x 2 - y 2 + 2x + 1 = 0 atthepointsAandB.The

perpendicularbisectorofthelineABintersectsthecurveatthepointsCandD.Findthelengthofthe
lineCDintheforma 5,whereaisaninteger. [10]
y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
l v y
A em e m
y d ad
m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/23/O/N/15 14

11 The trees in a certain forest are dying because of an unknown virus.

The number of trees, N, surviving t years after the onset of the virus is shown in the table below.

t 1 2 3 4 y 5 6
N 2000 1300 890 e m 590 395 260

ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
lv y
The relationship between N and t is thought to be of the form N = Ab -t .

A em e m
(i) Transform this relationship into straight line form.
y d ad [1]

m c a c
e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l
(ii) Using the given data, draw this straight line on the grid below.
v [3]

i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A n
i
lv
A

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0606 Additional Mathematics Unit 08 Straight line graphs

0606/23/O/N/15 15

11 (iii) Use your graph to estimate the value of A and of b. [3]

y
e m
ad
c in
A lv
i n A y
l v y
A
If the trees continue to die in the same way, find
em e m
y d ad
(iv) the number of trees surviving after 10 years,
m c a c
[1]

e A A
c ad i n in
A l v l v
i n A A
lv y y
A em e m
d ad
ca A
c
A
(v) the number of years taken until there are only 10 trees surviving.

n
[2]

i
lv
A

Question 12 is printed on the next page.

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