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OS Assignment-1

The document provides details about an assignment submission for an Operating System Fundamentals course. It includes questions about operating system structure and functions, and calculating waiting times for different scheduling algorithms using a Gantt chart.

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karthi93002
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11 views

OS Assignment-1

The document provides details about an assignment submission for an Operating System Fundamentals course. It includes questions about operating system structure and functions, and calculating waiting times for different scheduling algorithms using a Gantt chart.

Uploaded by

karthi93002
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Artificial Intelligence

Assignment Submission Details

AY-2023- 24

Subject: CORE /Open Elective / Discipline Elective / SOC

Subject Code: 20CAI107

Subject Name: Operating System Fundamentals

Name of the Student B.Meghana

Roll. No. 22691A3191

Year /Sec II – CAI – B Sec



Assignment No. I // II

Marks( **Max 5 Mark)


Uploaded // Drafted - __________
Assignment Moodleuploaded Date

Faculty Sign with name & Date


Operating System Fundamentals
Assignment-1

1. What is the Operating System? Illustrate with example


the structure of operating system and explain the
functions of operating systems
A. Operating System:
. A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a
computer and the computer hardware
. Operating system goals:
.Execute user programs and make solving user problems
easier
.Make the computer system convenient to use
.Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner
There are four types of different Operating system
Structures. They are:
. Simple Operating System Structure
. Monolithic Operating System Structure
. Layered Approach Operating System Structure
. Micro Kernel Operating System Structure
1.Simple Opearing System Structure:
It is also known as the simplest Operating System
Structure in the history of Operating Systems. It is generally
used for a single computer or for a small group of computers.
Since the interfaces and Functional levels are clearly
separated in this structure, programs are able to access Input
and Output routines, which may result in illegal access to
Input and Output routines.
MS DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating Systems) is the best
example for Simple Structure in Operating Systems.
The MS DOS operating system benefits from layering since
each level may be developed individually and can interact
with other levels as needed.
2. Monolithic Operating System Structure:
. In this structure, the entire operating system runs as a
single program in kernel mode.
. All operating system services , such as process
management, file system, and device drivers, are the part
of the kernel.
. Examples include older versions of Unix, Linux (though
modern Linux kernels have elements of microkernel
architecture),and windows prior to Windows NT.

3. Layered Approach Operating System Structure:


. In a layered structure, the operating system is divided into
layers, with each layer providing services to the layer above
it.
. The bottom layer interacts directly with the hardware, while
higher layers provide more abstract and user-friendly
services.
. This design facilitates modularity and easier debugging but
can suffer from performance overhead due to multiple layers
of abstraction.
. Examples include THE,TOPS-20, and early versions of the
VAX/VMS operating system.
4. Micro Kernel Operating System Structure:
. In a microkernel structure, the kernel provides only
essential services like inter-process communication and
memory management.
. Additional functionalities such as device drivers, file
systems, and networking are implemented as separate user-
space processes or servers.
. This design aims for modularity, reliability, and easier
extensibility.
. Examples include MINIX, QNX, and some modern versions
of Linux.

Functions of Operating System:

1. Resource Management
2. Process Management
3. Memory Management
4. File System Management
5. Device Management
6. User Interface

1. Resource Management:
It manages hardware resources like CPU, memory, disk
space, and peripherals, allocating them to different
applications and processes as needed.

2. Process Management:
It controls the execution of processes, scheduling them for
execution, multitasking, and ensuring efficient use of CPU
time.

3. Memory Management:
It allocates and deallocates memory space for processes,
manages virtual memory, and handles memory protection to
prevent one process from interfering with another’s
memory.

4. File System Management:


It organizes and manages files on storage devices, handling
file creation, deletion, and manipulation, as well as
maintaining file system integrity and security.

5. Device Management:
It interacts with hardware devices like printers, keyboards,
and displays, managing device drivers and providing a
standardized interface for applications to access hardware
resources.

6. User Interface:
It provides a user-friendly interface for users to interact with
the computer, which can be graphical (GUI) or command-line
based.

2. Calculate average waiting time for FCFS and SJF


algorithm with Gantt chart for following data.
process Time arrival Time required for
completion
P1 0 8
P2 1 4
P3 4 6
P4 6 2
A. Waiting time:
The time taken by the process for some resources is called
as Waiting time.

FCFS:

Process AT BT CT TAT WT RT
P1 0 8 8 8 0 0
P2 1 4 12 11 7 7
P3 4 6 18 14 8 8
P4 6 2 20 14 12 12

FCFS Gantt chart

P1 P2 P3 P4

0 8 12 18 20

SJF:
Process AT BT CT TAT WT RT

P1 0 8 8 8 0 0

P2 1 4 14 13 9 9

P3 4 6 20 16 10 10

P4 6 2 10 4 2 2
SJF Gantt chart:

P1 P4 P2 P3

0 8 10 14 20

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