Senior High School

Earth and Life Science

Module 1:
Earth and its Subsystems

AIRs - LM
LU_Earth and Life Science_Module1
 EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
Module 1: Earth and its Subsystems
Second Edition, 2021

Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I

All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without
written permission from the copyright owners.

Development Team of the Module

Author: Grace L. Bejar

Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team
Content Reviewer: Elsie Mayo
Language Reviewer: Madonna Grace Dacquel
Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr.
Layout and Design: Jhunel L. Nevado

Management Team:

ATTY. Donato D. Balderas Jr.

Schools Division Superintendent
Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, PhD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
German E. Flora, PhD, CID Chief
Virgilio C. Boado, PhD, EPS in Charge of LRMS
Rominel S. Sobremonte, EdD, EPS in Charge of Science
Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II
Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by: _________________________

Department of Education – SDO La Union

Office Address: Flores St. Catbangen, San Fernando City, La Union
Telefax: 072 – 205 – 0046
Email Address: [email protected]

LU_Earth and Life Science_Module1

 SHS
Earth and Life Science
Module 1:
Earth and its Subsystems

LU_Earth and Life Science_Module1

 Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,
questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you
to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in

each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed with completing this module
or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for a better
understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer
the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each
activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on
how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in

answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher
or facilitator.

Thank you.

LU_Earth and Life Science_Module1

 Target

The solar system is composed of a star (the Sun) and the planets Mercury,
Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, dwarf planets such as
Pluto, dozens of moons and millions of asteroids, comets and meteoroids. It is located
in an outer spiral arm of the Milky Way galaxy.

There are eight planets orbiting the sun. The four inner planets are known to
be rocky, and they are classified as terrestrial planets:
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. The four outer planets are called Jovian planets:
gas giants Jupiter and Saturn and ice giants Uranus and Neptune.

This module will focus on planet Earth and its subsystems. It will provide you
with information and activities that will help you understand why Earth is called the
“living planet”.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the only planet in the solar system
with properties necessary to support life (S11/12ES-Ia-e-3)

Learning Objectives:
a. identify Earth’s characteristics that support life;
b. describe how the properties of the Earth sustain the needs of living
organisms; and
c. create an output that highlights the uniqueness of the Earth

2. explain that the Earth consists of four subsystems, across whose boundaries
matter and energy flow (S11/12ES-Ia-e-4)

Learning Objectives:
a. determine Earth’s four subsystems;
b. explain the characteristics of each subsystem; and
c. trace the flow of energy and matter in the Earth’s subsystems

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 Pretest

Direction: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. What makes Earth a habitable planet?

A. Abundance of liquid water
B. Abundance of methane gas
C. The presence of greenhouse gases
D. Because of its distance from the sun

2. The ozone layer plays a significant part for organisms to survive. To what
sphere does ozone belong?
A. Atmosphere B. Biosphere
C. Hydrosphere D. Lithosphere

3. Which of the following sets of planets are considered terrestrial planets?

A. Mars, Venus, Neptune
B. Earth, Jupiter, Saturn
C. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
D. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

4. Which gas is the most abundant in the Earth’s atmosphere?

A. CO2 B. He C. N2 D. O2

5. Which refers to the flow of carbon from the atmosphere to the soil, to plants,
to animals, to the soil and back to the atmosphere?
A. Abiotic cycle B. Carbon cycle
C. Hydrologic cycle D. Nitrogen cycle

6. What is the main source of energy of almost all energy in most ecosystems?
A. Carbohydrates B. Carbon
C. Sunlight D. Water

7. What are the factors that make Earth conducive for the survival of organisms?
A. Right temperature only
B. Nutrient and temperature
C. Atmosphere, energy, temperature
D. Atmosphere, energy, nutrient, temperature

8. Which of the following statements best describes planet Earth?

A. It sustains life. B. It is a Jovian planet.
C. It has greenhouse gases. D. It supports other planets.

9. Water at the surface ocean and river can become water vapor. This is an
interaction that occurs in what system?
A. Biosphere and atmosphere
B. Hydrosphere and biosphere
C. Atmosphere and lithosphere
D. Atmosphere and hydrosphere

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 10. Why do Earth’s living organisms have better chance of surviving than those
on other planets?
A. Earth is covered with 50% water.
B. Earth has many inactive volcanoes.
C. Earth’s atmosphere is composed mainly of carbon dioxide and
methane.
D. Earth has ozone layer that protects organisms from harmful
radiation.

EARTH AND ITS SUBSYSTEM

Figure 1. The Planet Earth (Source: NASA)

Our home planet, Earth, is the third planet from the Sun and the only known
place where life can exist. Except for Earth, all of the planets are named after gods
and goddesses of Greek and Roman. The name “Earth” is derived from both English
and German words ‘eor(th)e/ertha’ and ‘erde’, respectively, which simply mean “the
ground.”

Figure 1 shows the image of Earth from the outer space. While Earth is only
the fifth largest planet in the solar system, it is the only world in our solar system
with liquid water on the surface.

You have learned about the solar system previously and in this module, you
will learn what makes planet Earth special and unique.

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 Jumpstart

Activity 1: 4 Pics 1 Word

Direction: Guess the word. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. 2.

(https://images.app.goo.gl/F8qMmeeNe1EwozGJ8) (https://images.app.goo.gl/8an6ZLgjc8qcjBpG8)

C L U I T F E S E Y M T S A R S

3. 4.

(https://images.app.goo.gl/8kectr43ux4TxSkp8) (https://heavy.com/4-pics-1-word-cheats/2014/03/sunrise-space-sunset-day/)

N I R E T S C T I O A N A M T S H O P L S E E R

5.

(https://images.app.goo.gl/ggDXbW33CoLMDjZLA)

D R O H P S R H E Y E

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 Discover

Earth is a rocky, terrestrial planet. It has a solid and active surface with
mountains, valleys, canyons, plains and more. Earth is special because it is an ocean
planet. Water covers 70% of Earth's surface. Earth's atmosphere is the right
thickness to keep the planet warm so living things can survive. It is mostly nitrogen,
and it has plenty of oxygen for living organisms to breathe.

Time on Earth
• A day on Earth lasts a little under 24 hours (Rotation).
• One year on Earth lasts 365.25 days (Revolution). That 0.25 extra means we
need to add one day to our calendar every four years. It’s known as a leap day
(in a leap year).
Earth’s Neighbors
• Earth has just one Moon. It is the only planet to have just one moon.
• Earth is the third planet from the Sun in our solar system. That means Venus
and Mars are Earth’s neighboring planets. These three planets are all terrestrial
planets, made of solid rocks and silicates. They all have an atmosphere; almost
have the same time to rotate in their axes; have carbon dioxide; and have
landforms. Venus is considered to be the Earth's twin planet. It has a very similar
size and mass with the Earth. Mars is about half the Earth's size. Venus has no
water. Venus and Mars don’t have oxygen. Earth has abundance of liquid water,
hence the blue color. Earth has life forms. It is a habitable planet because it has
the right distance from the sun; has ozone layer that protects living organisms
from harmful radiation; and has the necessary ingredients for life, such as water
and carbon.

Subsystems of the Earth

A system is a set of interconnected components that interacts to form a unified
whole. The Earth system depends on the interactions among a vast combination of
factors that enable to support life on our planet. An example of a system is ecosystem
which refers to a community of organisms and the relationships of those organisms
to each other and to their environment. Systems can be divided into subsystems
which are functioning units of a major system that establish strong internal
connections. Earth has four major subsystems:

1. Atmosphere
The atmosphere is the thin gaseous layer that covers the lithosphere. It is
comprised of 78% nitrogen (N), 21% oxygen (O 2). Other gases such as argon, carbon
dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone and other inert gases made the remaining 1%.
Through atmospheric circulation one of the most important processes by which the
heat on the Earth's surface is redistributed. Likewise, through the hydrologic cycle
there is also a constant exchange of heat and moisture between the atmosphere and
the hydrosphere.

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 Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere are the
layers of the atmosphere.
▪ The troposphere is found from about 14.5 km above the Earth's
surface and it is where the weather forms and it is the lowest layer.
▪ The stratosphere extends from 14.5 to 50 km above the Earth's
surface. We found the ozone layer that protects the Earth from the
Sun's harmful UV radiation, in this layer.
▪ The mesosphere protects the Earth from the impact of space debris
through this layer and it extends from 50 to 85 km above the Earth's
surface.
▪ The thermosphere extends from 85 to 600 km above the Earth's
surface. Colorful Southern and Auroras or Northern lights were created
from charged particles that are affected by the Earth's magnetic field.
▪ The exosphere is the farthest layer. It’s about 10,000 km above the
surface of the Earth.

2. Biosphere

The set of all life forms on Earth is the biosphere. It covers all ecosystems -
from mangroves to coral reefs, from the soil to the rainforest, and from the plankton-
rich ocean surface to the deepest part of the sea. For the majority of life on Earth,
the base of the food chain involves photosynthetic organisms. During
photosynthesis, CO2 is secluded from the atmosphere, while oxygen is released as a
byproduct. The biosphere is a CO2 sink, and therefore, plays a vital role in the carbon
cycle.

3. Hydrosphere
The hydrosphere comprises the waters of Earth – lakes, oceans, rivers, seas,
and glaciers. The Earth is covered with liquid water and much of it is in the form of
ocean water with about 70%. Only 3% of Earth's water is considered to be fresh: two-
thirds are in ice form, and the remaining one-third is present in lakes, streams, and
groundwater.

Lithosphere

The lithosphere includes landforms, soils, and minerals. It also includes the
rocks of the crust and mantle, the metallic liquid outer core, and the solid metallic
inner core. In shaping the surface of the Earth, the Plate Tectonics is an important
process and factor where the primary driving mechanism is the Earth's internal heat,
like of that in mantle convection.
The interactions among major subsystems nurture the conditions necessary
for life. The hydrosphere affects biosphere because it provides the water supply for
life on Earth, including humans, and provides a home environment for aquatic
plants and animals. The hydrosphere affects the lithosphere as water moving in
streams and rivers, waves, and currents shapes landforms. It also influences the
atmosphere through the process of evaporation and condensation, and the effects of
ocean temperatures on climate. Many other instances of overlap exist within four
Earth subsystems.

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 Explore

Study and analyze Table 1 (Comparison of the features of Venus, Earth, and Mars)
and Figure 2 (Images of Venus, Earth, and Mars from the outer space).

Table 1. Venus, Earth, Mars Comparison

(modified from http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/)

VENUS EARTH MARS

Mass (1,024 kg) 4.87 5.97 0.642
Diameter (km) 12,104 12,756 6,792
Density (kg/m3) 5,243 5,514 3,933
Gravity (m/s2) 8.9 9.8 3.7
Escape Velocity (km/s) 10.4 11.2 5
Surface pressure (bars) 92 1 0.01
Composition of atmosphere 96% 77% N 95% CO2
CO2 21% O2 2.7% N
3.5% N 1% Ar 1.6% Ar
Major Greenhouse Gases (GHG) CO2 CO2 H2O CO2
Mean Temperature (C) 464 15 -65
Temperature if no greenhouse gases are present -46 -18 -57
Changes in Temperature (C) due to greenhouse +523 +33 +10
gases
Distance from the Sun (106 km) 108.2 149.6 227.9
Orbital Period (days) 224.7 365.2 687
Orbital Velocity (km/s) 35 29.8 24.1
Length of day (hours) 2,802 24 24.7
Global Magnetic Field No Yes No

Figure 2. Venus, Earth, and Mars (Source: NASA)

Enrichment Activity 1: Compare and Contrast

Direction: Using Table 1 and Figure 2 on the previous page, write down five (5)
observations among the three planets, emphasizing their similarities and differences.
Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.

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 Planets Similarities Differences

Venus,
Earth, and
Mars

Enrichment Activity 2: Terraforming Mars

Direction: Terraforming is the process of creating an Earth-like or habitable

environment on another planet. Imagine you’re a scientist or an astronaut. You are
tasked to transform Mars’ environment. How can you change its environment to
make it more conducive for human habitation? List down your answer.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Read and study the document carefully.

Table 2. Factors that Make a Planet Habitable

(Source: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/explore/our_place/ hab_ref_table.pdf)

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 FACTORS NOT ENOUGH JUST RIGHT TOO MUCH SITUATION
THAT OF THE OF THE IN THE
MAKE A FACTOR FACTOR SOLAR
PLANET SYSTEM
HABITABLE
Temperature Low Life seems to At about Surface: only
influences temperatures be limited to a 125°C, protein the Earth’s
how quickly cause chemicals temperature and surface is in
atoms and to react slowly, range of -15°C carbohydrate this
molecules which interferes to 115°C. In molecules, temperature
move. with the this range, and the range.
reactions liquid water genetic Subsurface:
necessary for can still exist material (e.g., the interior of
life. It can also under certain DNA and RNA) the solid
cause the conditions. start to break planets and
freezing of apart. Also, moons may be
water, making high in this
liquid water temperatures temperature
unavailable. cause the range.
quick
evaporation of
water.
Atmosphere Small planets Earth & Venus Venus’s Of the solid
Traps heat, and moons are the right atmosphere is planets &
shields the have size to hold a 100 times moons, only
surface from insufficient sufficient-sized thicker than Earth, Venus,
harmful gravity to hold atmosphere. Earth’s. It is & Titan have
radiation, an atmosphere. Earth’s made almost significant
and The gas atmosphere is entirely of atmospheres.
provides molecules about 100 greenhouse Mars’
chemicals escape to space, miles thick. It gasses, atmosphere is
needed for leaving the keeps the making the about
life, such as planet or moon surface warm surface too 1/100th that
nitrogen and without an & protects it hot for life. of Earth’s, too
carbon insulating from radiation The four giant small for
dioxide. blanket or a & small- to planets are significant
protective medium-sized completely insulation or
shield. meteorites. made of gas. shielding.
Energy When there is With a steady Light energy is Surface: The
Organisms too little input of either a problem if it inner planets
use light or sunlight or too light or makes a get too much
chemical few of the chemical planet too hot sunlight for
energy to chemicals that energy, cells or if there are life. The outer
run their life provide energy can run the too many planets get too
processes. to cells, such as chemical harmful rays, little. Sub-
iron or sulfur, reactions such as surface: Most
organisms die. necessary for ultraviolet. solid planets
life. Too many & moons have
energy-rich energy-rich
chemicals are chemicals.
not a problem

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 Nutrients Without All solid Too many Surface: Earth
Used to chemicals to planets & nutrients are has a water
build and make proteins moons have not a problem. cycle, an
maintain an & the same However, too atmosphere,
organism’s carbohydrates, general active a and volcanoes
body. organisms chemical circulation to circulate
cannot grow. makeup, so system, such nutrients.
Planets without nutrients are as the Venus, Titan,
systems to present. Those constant Io, and Mars
deliver with a water volcanism on have nutrients
nutrients to its cycle or Jupiter’s and ways to
organisms (e.g., volcanic moon, Io, or circulate them
a water cycle or activity can the churning to organisms.
volcanic transport and atmospheres Sub-surface:
activity) cannot replenish the of the gas Any planet or
support life. chemicals planets, moon with
Also, when required by interferes with sub-surface
nutrients are living an organism’s water or
spread so thin organisms. ability to get molten rock
that they are enough can circulate
hard to obtain, nutrients. and replenish
such as on a nutrients for
gas planet, life organisms
cannot exist.

Table 3. Profiles of Planets and Moons of Supernova System

(adapted from:
http://www.voyagesthroughtime.org/planetary/sample/lesson5/pdf/5_3_1sas_cra
shland.pdf)

Planet 1 Planet 2 Planet 3 Planet 4

(closet to the star)
Mass: 0.5 Mass: 1 Mass: 1.5
Mass: 1.5 (Earth = Tectonics: No Tectonics: Active Tectonics: Active
1) activity detected volcanoes and volcanoes and
Tectonics: Active Atmosphere: Thin seismic activity seismic activity
volcanoes and CO2 atmosphere detected. detected
seismic activity detected Atmosphere: CO2, Atmosphere: N,
detected Average H2O O2, and ozone
Atmosphere: CO2, Temperature: Temperature: layer Average
N, and H20 10°C 30°C Temperature: 2°C
Ave. Temperature: Description: Polar Description: Description: Cold
651°C ice caps, dry Liquid water oceans, covered
Description: Thick riverbeds oceans cover with ice along
clouds surround much of the much of the globe,
the planet. No surface. Volcanic some open water
surface is visible island chains around equator
through the make up most of
clouds the dry land.

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 Planet 5 Planet 6 Planet 7 (furthest from the star)

Gas Giant with Gas giant with Gas giant with two large moons.
one large moon. four large, rocky Moon 1: Thick methane atmosphere
Moon: Sulfur satellites (moons). with pressure high enough to keep a
dioxide (SO2) Moons have no potential methane ocean liquid
atmosphere. Many appreciable underneath. Temperature: -200 °C
volcanoes and hot atmosphere. Ice Moon 2: Covered in water ice. Ice
springs on detectable on one. appears cracked and re-frozen in parts,
surface. indicating a potential liquid ocean
Temperatures in underneath. Surface temperature -100
hot spots can be °C.
up to 600°C.
Other spots away
from volcanic heat
can get as low in
temperature as
145°C.

Enrichment Activity 3: Interstellar Adventure

Direction: Study and analyze Table 2 and Table 3. Imagine you are in an interstellar
adventure. Your spaceship suffers mechanical problems and will be forced to land.
Fortunately, you are passing through the Supernova System, which is composed of
a sun-like star surrounded by seven planets, some of which have moons. The profiles
of planets and moons of the Supernova System are listed in Table 3. You are to decide
the best place to land your spaceship. On a separate sheet of paper, answer the
questions that follow.

Questions:

1. Which among the seven planets listed in Table 3 would you choose to land
your spaceship on?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. Why did you choose this planet?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. What were your reasons for not selecting the other planets?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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 Enrichment Activity 4: Label Me!

Analyze Figure 3, which shows different processes and phases of water involved in
the hydrologic cycle.

Figure 3. Hydrologic Cycle

Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/8crjFk6zFsvctkCp7

A. Using a separate sheet of paper, label Figure 3 using the following terms to
complete the water cycle.

Condensation Precipitation Evaporation

Transpiration Infiltration Surface run-off

1. _____________________________ 4. _____________________________
2. _____________________________ 5. _____________________________
3. _____________________________ 6. _____________________________

B. Explain how energy and mass are exchanged among the subsystems and how
interactions between Earth's subsystems are depicted in Figure 3.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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 Deepen

Construct an output that highlights and recognizes the uniqueness of planet

Earth, as well as the importance of its subsystems. The scoring rubric will be used
in assessing your output. Select one based on your preference. Your final output can
be a/an:
a. Artwork;
b. Diagram;
c. Poem;
d. Song; or
e. Video blog (vlog).

Rubrics for Scoring the Output

CATEGORY 5 points 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point

Creativity Most of the The work The work Little Lacks
details has more has few creativity is creativity
and/or details details evident.
descriptions and/or and/or
contribute to descriptions descriptions
the creativity that that
of the work. contribute to contribute to
the the
creativity. creativity.
Focus on The entire Most parts of Some parts There is No attempt
Assigned parts of the the output of the output limited has been
Topic output are are are connection made to
connected to connected to connected to to the connect the
the assigned the assigned the assigned assigned output to
topic. topic. topic. topic. the assigned
topic.
Organization The work is The work is Organization Organization Not
well- organized. is evident at is evident, organized
organized. some parts. but limited.
Title The title is The title The title is The title is There is no
very creative, sparks related to irrelevant. attempt to
sparks interest and the output put a title.
interest and is related to and topic.
is related to the output
the output and topic.
and topic.

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 Gauge

Direction: Read carefully each item. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.
Write only the letter of the best answer for each test item.
1. Which of the following planets can sustain growth and life?
A. Earth B. Jupiter C. Mars D. Saturn

2. The Earth’s surface is discovered to be covered with water. Approximately,

how many percent of water comprises the Earth?
A. 30% water C. 50% water
C. 60% water D. 70% water

3. Which of the following gases is the most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere?

A. Carbon dioxide B. Hydrogen
C. Nitrogen D. Oxygen

4. The role of soil is important for the growth and life on Earth. Which of the
following is TRUE?
A. They do not affect life and growth on Earth.
B. There is no relationship between the soil and vegetation.
C. The soil provides nutrients, water, and substrate for vegetation.
D. The soil allows growth of different types of plants but not
microorganisms.

5. Which of the following statement is NOT true about the hydrosphere?

A. It is also a way for transportation.
B. It serves as thermostat and heat reservoir, especially the ocean.
C. Half of the Earth's surface is composed of the oceans and the seas.
D. All the water on our planet which also includes vapor and ice
comprised the hydrosphere.

6. When dead plants and animals decay, carbon is returned to the soil. This flow
of energy and matter occurs in what system?
A. Biosphere and lithosphere B. Biosphere and atmosphere
C. Atmosphere and lithosphere D. Atmosphere and hydrosphere

7. Which is an example of a connection between biosphere connecting to

hydrosphere?
A. Plants produce oxygen.
B. Plants need sunlight to grow.
C. Animals drink water from springs and streams.
D. Animals eat plants in the lush green vegetation.

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 8. Which of the following is NOT included in the Earth’s subsystems?
A. Atmosphere B. Hydrosphere
C. Lithosphere D. Photosphere

9. Which of the following is NOT true about the earth's atmosphere?

A. The earth’s atmosphere protects us from the sun’s radiation.
B. It contains the ozone layer that absorbs the ultraviolet wavelengths.
C. The atmosphere only consists of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen,
and argon.
D. Thirty percent of the radiation is reflected away by the atmosphere,
clouds and earth’s surface.

10. How do oxygen and carbon dioxide make the earth habitable?
A. Carbon dioxide and oxygen lead to maintenance of heat on Earth
B. Carbon dioxide and oxygen help prevent the entry of UV radiation.
C. Carbon dioxide and oxygen is used by photosynthetic organisms
and by our cells to function.
D. Carbon dioxide is used by photosynthetic organisms in
photosynthesis, and the oxygen is used by humans and animals for
respiration.

11. What will happen if the atmosphere on Earth is removed?

A. The Earth will be able to sustain life.
B. Ultraviolet rays will easily penetrate the Earth.
C. Solar energy will not reach the Earth’s surface.
D. The Earth will maintain its current temperature.

12. All of the following is true about the interaction of the biosphere with other
subsystems. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. Organisms in the biosphere consume water from the hydrosphere
for survival.
B. Organisms in the biosphere increase the amount of water in the
hydrosphere.
C. Organisms in the biosphere form parts of the lithosphere when they
are decomposed.
D. Organisms in the biosphere maintain the balance of gases in the
atmosphere through consumption and excretion of gases.

13. How does Earth’s atmosphere protect us from the Sun's radiation?
A. The atmosphere reflects all the sun's radiation.
B. Some of the sun's radiation is reflected away and absorbed by the
atmosphere, clouds, and the Earth's surface.
C. The presence of the ozone layer absorbs the ultraviolet wavelengths.
This absorption of this radiation heats up the air.
D. The gases in the atmosphere act as a protective layer that makes
the sun's radiation reflect away from the Earth's surface.

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 14. Which of the following are true about the hydrosphere?
I. Water can move from the Earth’s surface to the air by precipitation and
then fall back to Earth by evaporation.
II. Ice and water vapor suspended in the atmosphere are included in the
hydrosphere.
III. Freshwater is greater than the amount of saltwater on Earth.
IV. The water on Earth is constantly moving.
A. I and II B. I, II, and III
C. I, II, and IV D. II, III, and IV

15. Which is True about the Earth’s subsystems?

A. Each subsystem did not change since the formation of the Earth.
B. Earth’s subsystems are similar to the subsystems of other planets.
C. Earth’s subsystems interact with each other making life possible on
Earth.
D. Earth’s subsystem works independently and does not depend on
other subsystems.

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 LU_Earth and Life Science_Module1
17
PRETEST
1. A 6. B
2. A 7. D
3. C 8. A
4. C 9. C
5. B 10. D
JUMPSTART
4 Pics 1 Word
1. LIFE
2. SYSTEM
3. INTERACTION
4. ATMOSPHERE
5. HYDROSPHERE
EXPLORE
Enrichment Activity 1: Compare and Contrast
Answer may vary.
Enrichment Activity 2: Terraforming Mars
Answer may vary.
Enrichment Activity 3: Interstellar Adventure
Answer may vary.
Enrichment Activity 4: Label Me!
A. 1. Evaporation
2. Condensation
3. Precipitation
4. Surface run-off
5. Infiltration
6. Transpiration
B. Answer may vary.
GAUGE
1. A 6. A 11. C
2. D 7. C 12. B
3. C 8. D 13. C
4. C 9. C 14. C
5. C 10. D 15. C
Answer Key
 References
Printed Materials:

Commission on Higher Education. (2016). Lesson 3: Universe and the Solar

System, Earth and Life Teaching Guide for Senior High School (pp. 24-
31). Quezon City, Philippines

Commission on Higher Education. (2016). Lesson 4: Earth Subsystems, Earth

and Life Teaching Guide for Senior High School (pp. 32-40). Quezon City,
Philippines

Petersen, James F. et al. (2016). Earth and Life Sciences. Manila, Philippines:
Rex Book Store, Inc.

Online and Electronic Resources:

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/our-solar-system/overview/

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/overview/

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/earth/overview/

https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/all-about-earth/en/

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SDO La Union

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management Section
Flores St. Catbangen, San Fernando City La Union 2500
Telephone: (072) 607 - 8127
Telefax: (072) 205 - 0046
Email Address:
[email protected]
[email protected]

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