Gask-O-Seal and Integral Seal

® ™

Design Handbook
 ! WARNING
FAILURE OR IMPROPER SELECTION OR IMPROPER USE OF THE PRODUCTS AND/OR SYSTEMS DESCRIBED HEREIN OR RELATED ITEMS CAN CAUSE DEATH,
PERSONAL INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.
This document and other information from Parker Hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries and authorized distributors provide product and/or system options for further inves-
tigation by users having technical expertise. It is important that you analyze all aspects of your application and review the information concerning the product or system in
the current product catalog. Due to the variety of operating conditions and applications for these products or systems, the user, through its own analysis and testing, is solely
responsible for making the final selection of the products and systems and assuring that all performance, safety and warning requirements of the application are met.
The products described herein, including without limitation, product features, specifications, designs, availability and pricing, are subject to change by Parker Hannifin
Corporation and its subsidiaries at any time without notice.
Gask-O-Seal® and Integral
Seal™ Design Handbook

Table of Contents
Introduction
Static Face Seals.............................................................................. 2
Elastomer Materials.......................................................................... 4
Retainer Materials............................................................................ 5
Metal Finish Considerations............................................................. 6
Operating Conditions........................................................................ 7

Gask-O-Seal
About Gask-O-Seals........................................................................ 8
Gask-O-Seal Design Considerations............................................... 9
Gask-O-Seal Configurations.......................................................... 11

Integral Seal
About Integral Seals....................................................................... 12
Integral Seal Design Considerations.............................................. 13
Integral Seal Configurations........................................................... 15

Technical Data and Product Information

Chemical Compatibility Guide........................................................ 16
Leak Rate Criteria.......................................................................... 18
Bolt Sizes and Torque Values......................................................... 19
Application Data Form.................................................................... 20

1
 Introduction
Static Face Seals
There are many types of static face sealing 1. Inconsistent volume of sealing
methods: liquid sealants, flat gasket, seal material dispensed
elements in grooves, metal shapes, and 2. Poor appearance on hardware
molded-in-place seals. The flowable types of
3. Requires an in-plant cure time
sealing materials, such as caulkants, RTVs,
before pressure testing
or cements, have been developed as alterna-
tives to the flat gasket. Generally, pressure 4. Limited pressure capability;
containment capabilities are low (<20 psi), and i.e., <20 psi
compatibility and environmental demands in 5. Limited long-term sealability
such applications are not too stringent. These
6. Labor intensive and time consuming
are easy to use and inexpensive to purchase.
to cleanup during disassembly
However, there are number of disadvantages
in using these types of seals: 7. Difficult maintenance of hardware
due to sealant cleanup
Liquid Sealants

The flat gasket is the oldest and most popular 1. High bolt loading is required to achieve
way to seal a flange or joint. The gasket is seating of the gasket
stamped, cut, or formed to size from suit- 2. Material is subject to cold flow
able materials which are often on hand. It is and squeeze out
squeezed between the mating surfaces as
3. Periodic retorquing is required
they are clamped or bolted together. Depend-
to maintain a seal because of
ing on the joint requirements, the gasket mate-
compression set
rial selection can range anywhere from treated
paper to various rubber/fiber compositions, to 4. The gasket may swell and disintegrate
somewhat more sophisticated wrapped and due to the absorption of fluid
formed metal composites.Where reusability is 5. Poor sealing capabilities –
not required and where the possibility of some “seepage and weepage”
leakage can be tolerated, the flat gasket may
be the best choice. However, this approach
has several limitations: Flat Gaskets

The molded shape represents a marked im- 1. Requires precise groove machining
provement over the flat gasket for applications and smooth groove finish
where little or no leakage can be tolerated. 2. Difficult installation for vertical
The resilient rubber type sealing element on or upside down gland
O-ring shape provides narrow “line of contact
3. Snaking or stretching of O-ring
sealing” for improved sealing and lowered
during assembly
compression force, and it is available in various
sizes and compounds. There are some other 4. Unable to confirm installation of
things to consider before using an O-ring as the O-ring after joint assembly
a sealing element: 5. A large surface area of the O-ring
is exposed to fluid attack
6. Pressure fluctuations can cause
portions of the O-ring to be extruded
Molded Shape

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

2 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
The metal shape seals can be divided 1. Requires precise groove machining and
into metal gaskets and resilient metal smooth groove finish
seals. The metal gaskets are essentially 2. Difficult installation for vertical or upside
crush type sealing devices, available in a down gland
variety of corrugated and jacketed designs
3. Unable to confirm installation of metal
for extreme temperatures and corrosive
seal after joint assembly
environments. The resilient metal seals are
high-performance, precision devices, either 4. Requires higher compression load than
machined or formed in circular configuration the molded shape elastomeric seals
for resistance to temperature extremes and 5. Can produce high forces against
highly corrosive environments. Please see mating hardware
Parker’s Engineered Metal Sealing Solutions
for Extreme Environments, catalog CSS
5119, for more information about metal seals.
Metal Shape

The molded in place sealing element, Gask-O-Seal or Integral Seal, represents a significant
improvement over both the flat gasket and the molded shape in a groove for near zero
leakage static sealing:

Gask-O-Seal Features and Benefits:

1. Sealing element molded precisely 6. No retorquing required, metal-to-metal
in place with controlled void-volume contact ensures positive closure and
ratio and squeeze for optimum sealing optimum bolt loading
2. Limited area of seal exposed to fluid/ 7. Segmented seal designs available for
chemical attack extremely large sizes and simplified
3. Multiple-port and complex shapes packaging and shipping
sealing capability 8. Reusability is possible, consistent
4. Reduced number of sealing parts and with the overall condition of the seal
installation time after service
5. Visually detectable after assembly, 9. Eliminates the need for machined
eliminating possibility of errors and grooves
omissions Gask-O-Seal

Integral Seal Features and Benefits:

1. Low cost for high volume 6. No special machining required
applications 7. Reusability is possible, consistent
2. Multiple-port and complex shapes with the overall condition of the seal
sealing capability. after service
3. Reduced number of sealing parts and 8. Can be retrofitted to existing
installation time O-ring grooves or counterbores
4. Visually detectable after assembly, 9. Eliminates the need for machined
eliminating possibility of errors and grooves
omissions 10. Retainer thickness as low as .012"
5. No retorquing required, metal-to-metal
contact ensures positive closure and
optimum bolt loading Integral Seal

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 3

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Introduction
Elastomer Materials
The materials listed below are commonly recommended information about approved polymers in UL, FDA, USDA, USP
compounds for most seal applications. For more compre- Class 6, NSF 51, NSF 61, USP, AMS, NAS and MS, please contact
hensive information on service recommendations, see the the division for technical support.
fluid compatibility tables beginning on page 16. For more

Relative
Temperature Cost
Polymer Range 10 = High
(Abbreviation) Color Applications °F (°C) 1 = Low
Butyl Low permeability rate and good electrical properties. Often used to -75° to 250°
Black 2
(IIR) seal low temperature vacuum system applications. (-59° to 121°)
Ethylene Similar to polyacrylate with improved low temperature performance,
-40° to 350°
Acrylic Black swells more in oil than polyacrylate. Resistance to weathering ozone 1
(-40° to 177°)
(AEM) and air aging.
Widely specified seal material – excellent resistance to water,
Ethylene
Black steam, alcohols, ketones, brake fluid, skydrol and other phosphate -70° to 300°
Propylene 1
Purple ester based hydraulic fluids. Not for petroleum fluids and diester (-57° to 149°)
(EPDM, EPM)
base lubricants.
Black
Brown Wide spectrum chemical resistance and broad temperature range.
Fluorocarbon -15° to 400°
Green Excellent permeability and compression set. Good in petroleum oils, 5
(FKM, FPM) (-26° to 204°)
Red acids, silicone fluids and greases.
White
Combines temperature range of silicone with good resistance to
Fluorosilicone Blue petroleum-based fuels and lubricants. Applications with high heat -100° to 350°
6
(FVMQ) Rust that are combined with potential exposure to petroleum oils and/or (-73° to 177°)
hydrocarbon fuels.
Highly
Black For high purity sealing applications that require low particle
Fluorinated -15° to 400°
Translucent generation, low extractables and improved resistance to aggressive 8
Elastomers (-26° to 204°)
White chemistries as compared to FKM.
(FKM)
Hydrogenated Black Similar to nitrile with improved high temperature capabilities and
-40° to 325°
Nitrile Green ozone resistance. Excellent resistance to petroleum-based fluids. 4
(-40° to 163°)
(HNBR, HSN) Red Ideal for automotive applications.
Neoprene Black Exhibits good ozone, aging and chemical resistance – primarily -40° to 250°
2
(CR) Red used in refrigerants. (-40° to 121°)
Most widely used polymer in the seal industries. Excellent resistance
Nitrile or -65° to 250°
to petroleum-based fluids, good balance of physical properties and
Buna-N Black 1
wide temperature range. Outstanding resistance to compression set, (-54° to 121°)
(NBR)
cold flow, tear and abrasion.
Excellent chemical resistance and high thermal stability. Not to be
Perfluoro- Black
exposed to molten or gaseous alkali metals, such as sodium and 5° to 600°
elastomer White 10
potassium. Recommended for highly aggressive chemical processing (-15° to 316°)
(FFKM, FFPM) Translucent
and semiconductor wafer processing.
Polyacrylate Outstanding resistance to petroleum-based fuels and oils. Good -5° to 350°
Black 3
(ACM) resistance to oxidation, ozone and sunlight – resists flex cracking. (-21° to 177°)
Excellent resistance to temperature extremes and compression set.
White
Silicone Good insulating properties and abrasion resistance. Relatively poor -175° to 450°
Rust 2
(PVMQ, VQM) tensile strength and tear resistance. Not recommended for petroleum (-115° to 232°)
Translucent
fluids, ketones, water and steam.
NOTE: Due to the variety of operating conditions and applications for these products or systems, the user, through its own analysis and testing, is solely responsible
for making the final selection of the products and systems and assuring that all performance, safety and warning requirements of the applications are met.

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

4 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
Retainer Materials
The retainer material has a direct bearing on the ultimate performance a variety of the more common metals and plastics from which
and cost of the Gask-O-Seal and Integral Seal. Generally speaking, Gask-O-Seals and Integral Seals can be made, along with a listing
Gask-O-Seals and Integral Seals can be furnished in any rigid, of their important properties.
heat stable material, either flat or contoured. The table below covers

Relative
Ult. Cost
Retainer Tensile 10 = High
Material Applications (Ksi) 1 = Low
Aluminum alloys are attacked by strong acids and alkalies, but are resistant to many organic
acids and other organic compounds. Aluminum alloys are resistant to commercial hydrocar-
bon oils and aircraft fuels. The 6061 alloy is relatively resistant to sea water, marine and 45 to
Aluminum 1
industrial atmospheres. Some elastomers require long time high temperature curing cycles 82
which cause heat treated alloys as used in a Gask-O-Seal and Integral Seal to lose some of
their temper.
Copper alloys are sometimes used in Gask-O-Seals because of their reasonable cost
Copper & and good corrosion resistance to water and numerous chemical solutions. Copper alloys
35 to
Copper are attacked by strong acids, but are resistant to organic acids, sea water, organic 3
100
Alloys chemicals, and oils. Where severe conditions exist, low zinc bronzes can be used for
better corrosion resistance.
For many demanding high volume applications, metal die cast represents a good substrate choice.
Die Cast With a variety of metal geometries, the die cast retainer can be configured to handle the rigors of – 5
any high pressure application.

Inconel Inconel has excellent corrosion resistance and high operating temperature (1200°F max.). 160 8
Magnesium has poor corrosion resistance in the presence of moisture, and it is considered
inferior to aluminum in corrosion resistance. With surface treatments such as H.A.E. or DOW
Magnesium 40 2
17, it can be used in mildly corrosive conditions such as marine atmospheres, oils, and
acid-free hydrocarbons.
Use of these materials is limited to those grades that can withstand molding temperatures
PEEK – 5
and pressures along with being resistant to deterioration and wicking in certain media.
For a low cost metal fabrication method, powdered metal can be considered. Powdered metal can
Powdered
be pressed into the desired shape and then sintered in an oven to make it impact resistant and – 5
Metal
very strong.

The stainless steels vary in their corrosion resistance depending on the type of stainless. The
Stainless non-heat treatable 300 series steels have the best corrosion resistance of the common 75 to
4
Steel steels. The 304 type steel has been used extensively for organic acids, and to a lesser degree 110
for sulfuric acid. It is resistant to a wide variety of salt solutions and organic chemicals.
The corrosion properties of carbon steels are poor and they require plating where corrosion
45 to
Steel must be minimized. With plating, it can be used in corrosive media such as hot water, hot 2
125
oils, and various organic compounds.
Titanium has high tensile strength, light weight, extraordinary corrosion resistance, and
ability to withstand extreme temperatures. For these reasons, titanium alloys are used in
Titanium 90 10
aircraft, armor plating, naval ships, spacecraft and missiles. It is also used to make various
components for desalination and submarines due to excellent resistance to sea water.

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 5

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Introduction
Metal Finish Considerations
Parker prefers to apply protective coatings to customer furnished treatment. If a coating is applied after the rubber has been molded,
parts rather than leave this to the customer. If the customer cleaning or plating solutions may damage the rubber. There is
applies the coating before sending parts to Parker, the coating also the danger that corrosive solutions may become trapped
may be damaged in the shipping or molding process. In addition, under the rubber, causing damage to the retainer.
if we cut the groove, it too will not receive the corrosion protective

Coating
Thickness
Finish Metal (Inches) Color Remarks
Excellent bonding characteristics, good corrosion resistance, and low cost.
Type I coating is non-conductive, poor abrasion resistance, and not good for
dyes except black. Type I has coating thickness of .00002" to .0003", so it is
.00002 Clear typically used for close tolerance parts. Type II has good abrasion resistance,
Anodize Aluminum
– .0024 All colors electrical barrier, and paint base. Not to be applied to assemblies or parts
with joints or recesses which might entrap sulfuric acid solution. Type III has
outstanding thermal and electrical barrier and wear resistance. Coatings are
approximately 50% penetration and 50% buildup.
Good bonding characteristics, corrosion resistance, and electrical conductivity.
Clear, gold,
Type I coating is very susceptible to stains and fingerprints. Type II coating is
.00002 green, black,
Cadmium All excellent for resistance to moisture, humidity, and paint base. Type III is a good
– .00005 gray gull, and
paint base. Cadmium is considered hazardous substance, and it is not
bright
compliant to RoHS (Restriction on Hazardous Substances).
Chemical Used mainly as a paint base that improves paint adhesion. Good corrosion
No Gold
Films resistance and electrical conductivity. Normally gold color unless otherwise
Aluminum dimensional or clear
(Alodine, specified. AMS-C-5541 Class 1A coating is for maximum protection against
change as specified
Iridite, etc.) corrosion, and Class 3 is primarily for low electrical resistance contact.
Excellent wear and abrasion resistance, reduced friction, and prevent galling.
Good corrosion resistance. Brightness and type of finish depend upon basis
.00001
Chromium All Dull to bright metal preparation. Bright chrome is often used as a decorative feature on
– .002
consumer products. There are two types of industrial chrome plating solutions:
hexavalent and trivalent chromium. Only trivalent is compliant to RoHS.
Excellent corrosion, oxidation and wear resistance. Very smooth surface
Electroless .0005 with natural lubricity without any porosity. Anti-galling characteristics for
All Semi-bright
Nickel – .0015 mating metallic substrates. Overall uniformity of deposit with no edge buildup.
Exceptionally good for salvage purposes.
Nickel is electrodeposited (plated) to provide a decorative appearance because
of its ability to cover imperfections in the base metal (leveling). Low thermal
Nickel All .0002 – .003 Dull to bright
expansion. Slightly magnetic. Better wearability than softer metals such as
copper or zinc.
No No Dissolves all traces of foreign materials such as pieces of iron particles, tool
Stainless
Passivate dimensional appearance scrapings, chips, etc. that will cause rust or stain spots. Process purifies surface
Steel
change change and therefore improves corrosion resistance.
Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and decorative uses. Has unique
.0003
Silver All Silver properties including its strength, ductility, high reflectance of light, and ability to
– .0005
endure extreme temperature ranges.
Clear, gold, Zinc plating is a soft, decorative, corrosion and galvanic resistant finish. Good
Zinc All .0002 – .001 gray, dull to temperature resistance and electrical properties. The zinc coating can be
bright attacked or dissolved by ordinary liquids such as soft drinks and vinegar.

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

6 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
Operating Conditions
Material selection depends on the total environmental spectrum in which 3. Temperature
any given seal will perform. Thorough analysis of seal function should Temperature is often the most misunderstood and exaggerated of
always begin with a consideration of the four major operating conditions: the environmental parameters. It is all too often over specified. It
1. Media should always be kept in mind that temperature at the seal itself may
vary widely from the ambient condition (sometimes by hundreds of
Always consider all media that may come in contact with the seal
degrees). For example: The seal surrounding a water cooling port
and retainer. For example, if the system is to be cleaned or purged
may never get over 200°F, whereas the temperature in a combus-
periodically, be sure to anticipate what cleaning fluids will be used.
tion chamber a mere ¼" away may easily exceed 1,000°F. Once a
These secondary fluids will play as much a role in selecting the most
realistic temperature range has been ascertained at the seal interface,
compatible compound as will the principal operating media. Refer to
reference should again be made to the elastomer materials table for
the media tables for the optimum compound choice. If you do not find
the optimum material selection.
your particular fluid listed, consult the Composite Sealing Systems
Division for their recommendation. Parker has applied a realistic temperature range with a margin of
built-in safety in setting the general operating temperature limits.Thus,
2. Pressure the maximum temperature stipulated for a given compound indicates
Proper seal design will provide Gask-O-Seals capable of withstand- that the compound will function satisfactorily for 1,000 hours or more
ing extremely high pressures (e.g., some Gask-O-Seals have been at that temperature in air. Low temperature performance, on the other
tested to pressures over 20,000 psi). Similarly, reliable Gask-O-Seal hand, involves a somewhat different consideration, the inherent flex-
configurations can be achieved for extremely low pressure levels, ultra ibility of the chosen material and its ability to maintain an adequate
hard vacuums down to 10-9 torr range. It is essential that complete sealing line of contact.
pressure data be submitted with all inquiries to assure optimum seal
design. This includes maximum and minimum pressures, proof pres- 4. Time
sures, burst pressure, cycling conditions and pulsations. The fourth major determinant in material selection is time. Brief
temperature excursions up to a temperature level higher than those
Note: Extremely high pressure situations demand adequately structured
enumerated in the tables are often tolerable.
mating assemblies to maintain metal to metal contact and prevent
extrusion of the elastomer. Example: A standard Buna-N (Nitrile) compound is normally recom-
mended for service up to 225°F. However, this same Nitrile may
withstand a much higher temperature for brief periods of time, and
has been known to seal satisfactorily at 600°F for a few minutes.

General Temperature Limits of Basic Elastomer Compounds

649
(1200)
593
(1100)
538
(1000)
482
(900)
427
Temperature °C (°F)

(800)
371
(700)
316
(600) Silic
Fluo o
260 roela ne
Ethy stom
(500) lene er
Prop
204 ylen
e&
(400) Neo
pren
e
149
(300) Nitrile (High Temperature Type)
93 Nitrile (Low Temperature Type)
(200)
38
(100)
0
0.1 0.5 1.0 5.0 10 50 100 500 1000
Exposure Time — Hours

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 7

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Gask-O-Seal
About Gask-O-Seal
The Parker Gask-O-Seal, now more than 55 years old, enjoys a the volume of the molded in voids and the volume of the crown,
leading role as a world class sealing concept. Profoundly simple, controlled confinement is obtained. The Gask-O-Seal is designed so
yet enviably reliable, a uniquely designed elastomeric element is that the elastomer is deformed against the faying surfaces, affecting
molded directly into groove(s) to produce an integrated sealing the seal by the inherent “memory” or resiliency of the elastomer as it
solution for a virtually endless array of challenging static face tries to return to its original molded shape. There are many features
type applications. and benefits that come with Gask-O-Seal design in static face
seal applications.
Under pressure of assembly, the rubber compound is deformed from
a round configuration to a square or oblong shape as shown in the
figure. By predetermining and manufacturing the proper ratio between

Before Loading After Loading

Features Benefits

Sealing element precisely and permanently molded in place,

Molded in Place allowing for ease of assembly. Secondary machining in mating
hardware is not required, reducing hardware costs.

Provides the most optimum setting for the fully compressed seal
Volume/Void Ratio
element during assembly – no over fill and no under fill.

Visual Detection Can be visually inspected to verify proper assembly.

Permits reduced flange thickness, smaller bolts and bolt circle.

Point Loading of Seal The force required to load the Gask-O-Seal metal to metal can
be predetermined with closely controlled crown height.

No retorquing required due to metal to metal contact. The load path

Alternative Load Path established through the metal retainer assures positive closure and
optimum bolt loading.

Limited area of seal exposure to fluid attack protects the elastomer

Limited Area of Attack and provides longer life. A mere 2% or less exposure of seal surface
to the media.

Yields extremely low permeability rate in vacuum and other

Low Permeability gaseous applications with controlled percent squeeze and volume/
void ratio.

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

8 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
Gask-O-Seal Design Considerations
Once the operating parameters and leak rate criteria
have been established and the appropriate sealing
materials selected, the actual design for the Gask-
O-Seal can be started. This section provides basic
guidelines for designing the seal.

1. Edge Distance 5. Bolting

Using standard metals and manufacturing techniques, the desired In order to achieve optimum sealing, it is essential to provide sufficient
seal groove to edge distance is .060" minimum. The seal groove flange preload and proper bolt size and spacing to create a metal to
to hole distance can be as small as .050" minimum, providing the metal contact between the Gask-O-Seal retainer and the mating parts.
parts are not blanked. Blanked parts in low carbon steel require an Under all service conditions, such as out-of-flat, system pressure, and
edge distance at least as great as the thickness of the part. This is rubber strength, the separation between flanges should not exceed
necessary because of the “roll” that occurs on the edges of blanked .003" in order to prevent extrusion and damage to the elastomer. The
parts in this material. force required to compress the seal is generally between 30 and 150
pounds per linear inch of seal, depending on the rubber durometer,
2. Groove Design material, and the configuration used for larger gaps, contact the
It is good practice to use larger groove widths and higher crown Composite Sealing Systems Division’s engineering department.
heights for larger parts and higher pressures. It is recommended that
customer’s contact the Composite Sealing Systems Division’s engi- 6. Surface Roughness
neering department if the available land area is minimal. If adequate Surface roughness of the Gask-O-Seal retainer itself is not critical to
land area is available, .100" width is recommended. sealing. When a sheet metal retainer is used, the “as received” condi-
tion of the metal is satisfactory. On machined surfaces, Parker will
3. Metal Thickness maintain a roughness value of 125 micro-inch Ra or better. Callouts
Whenever possible, the metal thickness should be specified as a stan- for finishes of the Gask-O-Seal retainer with roughness less than 125
dard gauge callout with an accompanying standard stock thickness; Ra can add unnecessarily to the part cost. For mating surfaces that
i.e., Steel 11 gauge (.120" stock). This allows Parker to use materials the Gask-O-Seal is to seal against, a 125 Ra or better will provide
that are readily available from suppliers and are most economical in good sealing surfaces for almost all applications. The only noteable
producing the finished Gask-O-Seal. Metals with a thickness of less exceptions are seals for gaseous media where diffusion type leakage
than .090" should be discussed with the Composite Sealing Systems must be kept to a minimum. For these installations, the mating surface
Division’s engineering department. should have a finish of 32 Ra or better.

4. Dimensional Tolerances 7. Flatness and Parallelism

In developing the overall design and establishing tolerances, the non- In most cases, no particular attention needs to be given to flatness
critical features, such as outline or outside dimensions, should have and parallelism requirements. Occasionally a Gask-O-Seal is used
wide tolerances to reduce manufacturing costs. Bolt holes should between two halves of a device that must be accurately aligned such
have sufficient clearance around the bolts to permit reasonable locat- as a gear box housing. For this, the mating surfaces must be parallel
ing tolerances. However, when the seal groove is located in relation within close tolerances. If the Gask-O-Seal is molded directly into
to the bolt holes, the holes should be located within 0.014 on small one of these rigid parts, which would often be a casting, a flatness
parts (<10 inches). Broader location tolerances can be used if the requirement is generally acceptable.
groove width can be increased to allow for the resulting misalignment.

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 9

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Gask-O-Seal
Gask-O-Seal Design Considerations, Continued
8. Types of Bond 9. Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
There are two types of bonding to retain sealing element in groove(s); The study of elastomer stress and its relationship to seal effectiveness
mechanical and chemical. has been dramatically enhanced with the advent of finite element
• Mechanical Bonding: analysis. FEA is a numerical modeling technique used to predict a
In a double sided retainer with deformation and stress concentration of a given seal cross section.
back-to-back grooves, it is con- Parameters such as cross section geometry and material property
venient to provide cross holes data are factored into the modeling equation to produce a stress
in the web portion at planned concentration model of the seal. FEA is effective as a predictor of seal
intervals. During the molding performance only when it is used in conjunction with historical seal
process, the rubber compound and material data and specific performance testing. Please consult
flows through these holes, me- the division if FEA is being considered as a tool for seal design.
chanically locking and holding
the seal elements in place. 10. Assembly
The retainer permits extremely fast and sure installation. In fact, where
• Chemical Bonding:
volume dictates, the placement of the seal can be fully automated on
A chemical bonding agent is
a completely foolproof basis.
applied to the groove(s) prior
to molding. During the molding • Bolt retention: The rubber can be molded on the bolt holes for
process, the rubber compound interacts with this bonding agent, positive pre-assembly gripping and transporting. Retainer fits
a process called co-vulcanization, to chemically bond the seal conveniently over bolts to hold the seal in place during assembly.
element in place. • Fast assembly
• Visually detectable after assembly

NOM MAX MIN

800

700

600
Total Load (lbf)

500

400

300

200

100

0
0.00 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035
Deflection of each side (inch)

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

10 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
Gask-O-Seal Configurations
Gask-O-Seal Design Configuration Features

There is virtually no limit to the number of ports,

compartments or chambers that can be sealed with
a single plate-like package to facilitate simple and
Single-Port or
foolproof installation. This greatly reduces assembly
Multi-Port Seal
time and missing seals. Prerequisites include sufficient
flange hardware, strength and adequate bolting pattern
and force to assure joint integrity during pressurization.

For “zero leakage” applications, a secondary compan-

ion groove and seal element parallel to the primary seal
Tandem or
can be added. Note the leak-rate monitoring groove that
Redundancy Seal
can be provided between the two seals. The land width
must be widened to accommodate dual seals.

The Gask-O-Seal can be molded into contoured,

curved, non planar surfaces, even sharply bent corners,
Contoured or in some cases. This makes them ideal for sealing such
Non-Planar applications as aircraft and missile nose cones, access
Surface Seal doors, nacelles, industrial tanks, and similar curved
structures. Curved Gask-O-Seals can be molded
directly into structural components.

Allows many barriers in one unit, saves space and

weight, and accomplishes a variety of sealing missions
with a manifold plate where it can handle differential
Branched Seal
pressures and different fluids for isolated ports and
communication holes in either direction. This seal also
greatly reduces assembly time.

Used for applications requiring very large Gask-O-Seals

(>60 inches in major dimension). This configuration helps
reduce manufacturing and assembly costs. It has been
Segmented Seals used in critical aerospace applications where the sizes
of seals can become extreme. It simplifies handling,
packaging, and shipping. Segmented seals can also
be designed with a redundant seal for more security.

Some applications require multiple materials for proper

sealing. This may be due to chemical compatibility,
permeation, or multiple ports with different fluids. Being
able to incorporate different seal materials into the same
Multiple Materials
retainer allows for optimization of the seal design vs.
compromising with a single material selection. This
feature should be discussed in detail with Composite
Sealing Systems Division’s engineering department.

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 11

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Integral Seal
About Integral Seal
The Integral Seal is so named because it effectively integrates a thickness may be of primary concern. Integral Seals can be manu-
stamped or machined metal or molded plastic retainer with a molded- factured in thickness as low as 0.012". The Integral Seals design also
in-place rubber sealing element to create an extremely versatile lends itself to high volume manufacturing methods making it a cost
sealing device. competitive option for high volume sealing applications. As shown
below, the rubber sealing element is molded, and mechanically and/
The Integral Seal is custom designed, versatile and provides similar
or chemically, bonded in place to the edge of the retainer.
performance benefits seen with Parker’s Gask-O-Seal. The Integral
Seal lends itself to space constrained applications where overall seal

Metal-To-Metal
Metal Retainer Molded Elastomer Joint Maintained

Visible
Edge

Bond Line No Machined

Groove Required

Features Benefits

Sealing element precisely and permanently molded in place,

Molded in Place allowing for ease of assembly. Secondary machining in mating
hardware is not required to reduce hardware costs.

Can be visually inspected to verify proper assembly. The

Visual Detection integral seal concept offers the ultimate in quality assurance
and joint integrity.

The rubber can be molded into the bolt holes for positive
Bolt Retention
pre-assembly gripping and transporting.

The Integral Seal can be retrofitted to existing O-ring grooves or

Retrofit or New
counterbores or it can be adapted to grooveless mating surfaces.

Permits reduced flange thickness, smaller bolts and bolt circle.

Point Loading of Seal The force required to load the Integral Seal metal to metal can
be predetermined with closely controlled crown height and FEA.

No retorquing required due to metal to metal contact. The load path

Alternative Load Path is established through the metal retainer assuring positive closure
and optimum bolt loading.

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

12 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
Integral Seal Design Considerations
Once the seal type is determined the actual design for the Integral Seal 5. Flatness and Parallelism
can be started. There is a simple step by step method for designing an In most cases, no particular attention needs to be given to flatness
integral seal for your application. Here are the key points to consider: and parallelism requirements. Occasionally the Integral Seal is used
between two halves of a device that must be accurately, aligned such
1. Metal Thickness as a gear box housing. For this, the mating surfaces must be parallel
Whenever possible, the metal thickness should be specified as a stan- within close tolerances.
dard gauge callout with an accompanying standard stock thickness;
i.e., Steel 11 gauge (.120" stock). This allows Parker to use materials 6. Flange Separation
that are readily available from suppliers and are most economical in When pressure is applied to a separable joint of any kind (e.g. flanges,
producing the finished Integral Seal. Capabilities exist to go down to lids, covers, etc.) there is a tendency for the mating surfaces to separate
.012", however, metals with a thickness of less than .090" should be or “gap”. This gap can result in extrusion, wear and failure of the seal
discussed with the Composite Sealing Systems Division’s engineer- element. Ascertain whether the existing flanges or covers separate,
ing department. gap, or bulge during pressurization and/or cycling. This will determine
seal cross-section, crown height, style, and re-enforcement required
2. Dimensional Tolerances once you know the magnitude.
In developing the overall design and establishing tolerances, the non-
critical features, such as outline or outside dimensions, should have 7. Types of Bond
wide tolerances to reduce manufacturing costs. Bolt holes should have During the molding-in-place process, the carefully designed seal ele-
sufficient clearance around the bolts to permit reasonable locating ment is either chemically bonded to and/or mechanically interlocked
tolerances. However, when the seal groove is located in relation to with the edge of the metal (or plastic) retainer.
the bolt holes, the holes should be located within O .014 on small
parts (<10 inches). • Chemical Bonding
For the sizes equal to or larger than 1" inside diameter, a chemi-
cally bonded retention of the rubber seal element is provided. This
3. Bolting
bonding takes place during the actual molding-in-place of the
In order to achieve optimum sealing, it is essential to provide sufficient rubber via a process called co-vulcanization. This assures excel-
flange preload and proper bolt size and spacing to create a metal to lent adhesion of the seal element.
metal contact between the Integral Seal retainer and the mating parts.
• Mechanical Interlocking
Under all service conditions, such as out-of-flat, system pressure, and
A unique mechanical type retention of the molded-in-place rubber
rubber strength, the separation between flanges should not exceed
to the metal retainer is available. During the stamping operation,
.003" in order to prevent extrusion and damage to the elastomer. The
the inside of the retainer/washer is splined and then coined to
force required to compress the seal is generally between 30 and 150
provide a series of interlocking openings for the securing of the
pounds per linear inch of seal, depending on the rubber durometer,
rubber as it vulcanizes in place.
material, and the configuration used. For larger gaps contact the
Composite Sealing Systems Division’s engineering department.
8. Retrofit with Parker’s Integral Seal
4. Surface Roughness Integral Seals can be adapted to retrofit existing flange designs
that already have an O-ring groove or counterbore for complete
Surface roughness of the Integral Seal retainer itself is not critical to
interchangeability. The retainer thickness can be reduced to as low
sealing. When a sheet metal retainer is used, the “as received” condi-
as .012" to facilitate retrofitting in previously grooved flanged surfaces.
tion of the metal is satisfactory. On machined surfaces, Parker will
maintain a roughness value of 125 micro-inch Ra or better. Callouts
for finishes of the Integral Seal retainer with roughness less than 125
Ra can unnecessarily add to the part cost. For mating surfaces that
the Integral Seal is to seal against, a 125 Ra or better will provide
good sealing surfaces for almost all applications. The only noteable
exceptions are seals for gaseous media where diffusion type leakage
must be kept to a minimum. For these installations, the mating surface
should have a finish of 32 Ra or better.

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 13

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Integral Seal
Integral Seal Design Considerations, Continued
9. Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
The study of elastomer stress and its relationship to seal effectiveness
has been dramatically enhanced with the advent of finite element
analysis. FEA is a numerical modeling technique used to predict a
deformation and stress concentration of a given seal cross section.
Parameters such as cross section geometry and material property
data are factored into the modeling equation to produce a stress
concentration model of the seal. FEA is effective as a predictor of seal
performance only when it is used in conjunction with historical seal
and material data and specific performance testing. Please consult
the division if FEA is being considered as a tool for seal design.

10. Assembly
The retainer permits extremely fast and sure installation. In fact, where
volume dictates, the placement of the seal can be fully automated on
a completely foolproof basis. NMC MMC LMC
• Bolt retention: The rubber can be molded on the bolt holes for 300

positive pre-assembly gripping and transporting. Retainer fits 250

conveniently over bolts to hold the seal in place during assem-
bly the seal cannot fallout. 200
Total Load (N)

• Fast assembly
150
• No blow out
100
• Visually detectable after assembly
• Resists extrusion under high pressure and flange separation 50

0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45
Deflection (mm)

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

14 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
Integral Seal Configurations
There are five Integral Seal types to suit specific customer design Seal styles using a Parker devised tongue-and-groove arrangement
requirements. Like the Gask-O-Seal, configurations available to the to seal extra large layouts. Consult the division for further details
user are quite varied and are limited only by retainer dimensions and concerning such special applications.
space considerations. It is even possible to segment certain Integral

Integral Seal Design Configuration Features

There is virtually no limit to the number of ports that can be

sealed with a single Integral Seal to facilitate simple and
Single-Port or foolproof installation. This greatly reduces assembly time
Multi-Port Seal and the risk of a missing seal. Sufficient land area is needed
between ports to incorporate the retainer as well as the
elastomer.

For “zero leakage” applications, a secondary seal element

parallel to the primary seal can be added. This type of design
Redundancy Seal
requires a larger amount of land area on the mating hardware
to ensure proper squeeze across both beads.

Parker currently designs and manufactures several Integral

Seals used in contoured applications. Because the retainer
of the Integral Seal can be so much thinner compared to
Contoured or
the Gask-O-Seal, it’s possible to bend the retainer during
Non-Planar
assembly and ensure intimate contact between two
Surface Seal
non-planar surfaces. This should be discussed in detail
with the Composite Sealing Systems Division’s engineer-
ing department during the design phase.

Some applications require multiple materials for proper

sealing. This may be due to chemical compatibility, perme-
ation, or multiple ports with different fluids. Being able to
incorporate different seal materials into the same retainer
Multiple Material
allows for optimization of the seal design vs. compromising
with a single material selection. This feature should be
discussed in detail with Composite Sealing Systems
Division’s engineering department.

A retrofit Integral Seal can be designed for applications that

have O-ring grooves in their hardware. It is extremely helpful
in high pressure situations where the O-ring simply cannot
Retrofit Seal
handle the pressure or when the customer has a difficult
time determining if there is a missing seal at the end of the
assembly operation.

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 15

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Technical Data and Product Information
Chemical Compatibility Guide
This information is provided for reference only. Always test under actual conditions.

Ethylene Propylene EPDM

Ethylene Propylene EPDM

Perfluoroelastomer FFKM

Perfluoroelastomer FFKM
Compound Compound
Compatibility Rating Compatibility Rating

Fluorosilicone FVMQ

Fluorosilicone FVMQ
Fluorocarbon FKM

Fluorocarbon FKM
1: Satisfactory 1: Satisfactory
2: Fair 2: Fair

Neoprene CR

Neoprene CR
Silicone VMQ

Silicone VMQ
Hifluor FKM

Hifluor FKM
Nitrile NBR

Nitrile NBR
3: Doubtful 3: Doubtful

Butyl IIR

Butyl IIR
4: Unsatisfactory 4: Unsatisfactory
X: Insufficient Data X: Insufficient Data
Acetic Acids, 5% 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 Chlorox 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 X
Acetone 4 1 4 2 1 4 1 4 4 Citric Acid 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Acids, Non-Organic X X X 1 1 X X X X Codeine 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 X
Acids, Organic X X X 1 1 X X X X Crude Oil 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 4
Air 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Cyanides X X 1 1 1 X X X X
Amines 4 2 4 3 2 2 2 4 2 DDT 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 X
Ammonia 2 1 4 3 2 1 1 4 2 Detergent 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
ASTM Oil 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 DI Water 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2
ASTM Oil 2 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 4 Diesel Fuel 1 4 1 1 1 3 4 1 4
ASTM Oil 3 1 4 1 1 1 4 4 1 3 Di-ester Synthetic Lubricants 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 4
ASTM Oil 4 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 4 Dry cleaning Fluids 3 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 4
ASTM Oil 5 1 4 1 1 1 2 X X X Ethane 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 3 4
ASTM Reference Fuel A 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 4 Ethanol 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2
ASTM Reference Fuel B 1 4 1 1 1 4 4 1 4 Ethers 4 3 3 1 1 4 4 3 4
ASTM Reference Fuel C 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 4 Fluorine 4 4 2 2 2 X X X X
ASTM Reference Fuel D 2 4 1 1 1 4 X X X Formaldehyde 3 2 4 1 1 3 2 4 2
Auto Brake Fluid 3 1 4 1 1 2 2 4 3 Freon R134a 1 1 4 4 3 1 X 4 4
Beer 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Fuel Oil 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 1 1
Bleach X 1 1 1 1 X X X X Gasoline 1 4 1 1 1 4 4 1 4
Blood 2 1 1 1 1 1 X X X Gluconic Acid 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2
Brake Fluid DOT 3 1 4 1 1 2 2 4 3 Glucose 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Brine 1 1 1 1 1 X X X X Glue X X X 1 1 X X X X
Butane 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 3 4 Glycerin 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Butter 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 X 2 Glycol 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Carbolic Acid (Phenol) 4 2 1 1 1 4 2 1 4 Grease, Petroleum Base 1 4 1 1 1 3 4 1 4
Carbonic Acid 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Hannifin Lube A 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 2
Castor Oil 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 Helium 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Caustic Lime 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 Hydraulic Oils, Petroleum Base 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 2
Caustic Soda 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 Hydraulic Oils, Synthetic Base 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 X
Chloramine X X X 1 1 X X X X Hydrochloric Acid 4 3 1 1 1 4 4 2 X
Chloric Acid 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 Hydrogen Gas 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3
Chlorinated Solvents 4 4 1 1 1 4 4 1 4 Hydrogen Peroxide 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chlorine 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 X Hydrogen Sulfide 4 1 4 1 1 2 1 3 3
Chloroform 4 4 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 Insulin 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

16 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Ethylene Propylene EPDM

Ethylene Propylene EPDM

Perfluoroelastomer FFKM

Perfluoroelastomer FFKM
Compound Compound
Compatibility Rating Compatibility Rating

Fluorosilicone FVMQ

Fluorosilicone FVMQ
Fluorocarbon FKM

Fluorocarbon FKM
1: Satisfactory 1: Satisfactory
2: Fair 2: Fair

Neoprene CR

Neoprene CR
Silicone VMQ

Silicone VMQ
Hifluor FKM

Hifluor FKM
Nitrile NBR

Nitrile NBR
3: Doubtful 3: Doubtful

Butyl IIR

Butyl IIR
4: Unsatisfactory 4: Unsatisfactory
X: Insufficient Data X: Insufficient Data
Iodine 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 4 X Producer Gas 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 2 2
Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 Propane 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 2 4
Jet fuel, A 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 X Radiation 3 2 4 3 2 X 4 4 2
Kerosene 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 4 Sea Water 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
Lactic Acid 4 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 2 Sewage 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
Liquid Oxygen (LOX) 4 4 4 3 2 4 4 4 4 Silicone Greases 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3
Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 3 Silicone Oils 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3
Lubricating Oils, Crude & Refined 2 4 1 1 1 3 X X X Skydrol 4 1 4 1 1 4 2 3 3
Lubricating Oils, Synthetic Base X X 1 1 1 4 4 2 X Soap Solutions 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
Lubricating Oils, Di-ester 2 4 1 1 1 3 4 2 4 Sour Crude Oils 3 4 1 1 1 4 4 4 4
Lubricating Oils, Petroleum Base 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 4 Sour Natural Gas 3 4 1 1 1 4 4 4 4
Lubricating Oils, SAE 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 4 Steam, Below 400F 4 1 4 1 1 4 2 4 3
Lye Solutions 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 Steam, 400F – 500F 4 3 4 1 1 4 4 4 4
Methane 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 3 4 Steam, Above 500F X X X 1 1 X X X X
Methanol 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 Stearic Acid 2 2 X 1 1 2 2 X 2
Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) 4 1 4 2 1 4 1 4 4 Sulfur 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 X
Mineral Oils 1 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 Sulfuric Acid X 3 1 1 1 X X X X
Motor Oils 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 2 Thiokol 4 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 X
Morphine X 1 1 X 1 X X X 1 Toluene 4 4 1 2 1 4 4 2 4
Natural Gas 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 3 4 Transformer Oils 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 2
Neon 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Transmission Fluids 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 2
Nicotine X X 1 1 1 4 4 2 X Turbine Oils 1 4 1 1 1 4 4 1 4
Nitrogen 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Turbo Oils 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 4
Nitrous Acid 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 Type I Fuel 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 4
Nitrous Oxide 1 1 1 1 1 X X X 1 Type II Fuel 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 4
Octane 1 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 4 Type III Fuel 2 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 4
Oxygen, Liquid 4 4 4 3 2 4 X X X Water 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1
Ozone 4 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1
Paint Thinner 4 4 2 1 1 4 4 2 4 For a complete list of chemical compatibility, please see Parker’s O-Ring
Paraffins 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 2
Handbook (ORD 5700).

Parker O-Lube 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 2
Penicillin X X 1 1 1 4 4 2 X
Petroleum Oil, Crude 1 4 1 1 1 2 4 1 4
Phenol 4 4 1 1 1 4 4 2 4

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 17

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Technical Data and Product Information
Leak Rate Criteria
Fundamental to the design of any efficient seal is the leakage rate. Recent studies of actual applications indicate that allowances must
When properly used in sealing liquids, a Gask-O-Seal or Integral be made for the limit of accuracy of leak detection apparatus and
Seal will provide true zero leakage. This term means that there is normal variations which affect the seal such as; bolt spacing, flange
no detectable leakage of a liquid over a given period of time. Gases, separation, surface finish, etc. Therefore, in most applications it is
on the other hand, will diffuse through the rubber at some very low recommended that the high limit leak rate as noted in table 1 (three
rate that can be detected by a leak detector, a mass spectrometer or times the low limit) be used as the predicted stabilized leak rate for
other very sensitive measuring device. The rate depends primarily on actual service conditions. These values may be exceeded if the mat-
the temperature, squeeze percentage, the pressure differential, the ing surface is too rough, if flanges separate, or if the components are
type of gas and the type of elastomer used. Table 1 gives stabilized not sufficiently clean.
helium leak rates for four compounds for various temperatures at one
One word of caution is in order. When applying the leak rate data of
atmosphere pressure differential of helium. Consideration of leakage
table 1 to a specific seal design, multiply the linear inches of seal line
rate is of major importance in the sealing of vacuum.
by the diffusion rate. A two sided seal has twice the seal length of
Hard vacuum (vacuum below the level of 10-6 mm Hg (torr) affects a single sided seal. Also, for higher temperatures, greater pressure
materials in two general ways. First, the material contains adsorbed differentials, or compounds other than shown, the rates will change.
gases which may be removed by outgassing. Secondly, vaporization In these cases, tolerable leak rates of gases should be specified.
or sublimation (sublimation is a phenomenon whereby a solid material
For moderate temperature use and vacuum levels from slightly below
changes directly into a gas) of the material or of a volatile component
atmospheric pressure to vacuums approaching 1 x 10-3 torr, special
of the material may occur. The rates of the reactions can be radically
precautions in the Gask-O-Seal design are seldom necessary. In the
affected by temperature. In addition, high vacuum may cause altera-
“high vacuum” range, from 1 x 10-3 torr, to levels close to 1 x 10-6 torr,
tion of the seal structure, affecting its physical properties. Outgassing,
special manufacturing techniques must be employed to assure an
vaporization and/or sublimation of rubber in a vacuum system can
acceptably low leak rate. Be sure therefore, that Parker is notified of
cause seal shrinkage and deterioration of the seal material.
the vacuum level for applications in this range.
It was generally thought in the past that all elastomers had vapor
When parts produced for vacuum use are received, they should remain
pressures between 10-4 and 10-9 torr and would therefore all sublime
in the sealed containers until nearly time for use. They should then
or vaporize selectively as these pressures were reached in a hard
be thoroughly cleaned, particularly the elastomeric seal portion, by
vacuum system. However, Parker sponsored research programs
wiping with a lint-free cloth, lightly moistened with isopropyl alcohol,
showed that this was not necessarily true. Sublimation where it did
methanol, or other solvent that will not damage the elastomer. For
occur was found to be a surface effect. Though the sample was
very high vacuum levels, mating parts should have a surface finish
eroded on the surface, it did not completely sublime. Other specially
of 16 RMS or smoother.
compounded elastomers were developed that were not affected, at
vacuums of 10-9 torr. It was also found that temperatures can have NOTE: It is recommended to install the Gask-O-Seal or Integral Seal
a significant effect on sublimation rates. Data showing the effect of dry as it comes from the package. DO NOT LUBRICATE, or install
hard vacuum temperatures on seal materials are given in table 2. beneath liquids. For vacuum seals, a very thin film of vacuum grease
may be applied to the mating surfaces or very lightly applied to the
seal crown only.

Table 1: Gask-O-Seal Vacuum Leak Rate Table 2: Weight Loss Under Vacuum as a Function
at 1 ATM Pressure*** of Temperature
Stabilized Leak Rate Range Temperature Weight Loss Pressure
(ATM cc/in/yr* He)** Elastomer °F % TORR
Elastomer 25°C (77°F) 80°C (176°F) 150°C (302°F) 75 3.3 6 x 10-8
Butyl 1.0 to 3.0 3.0 to 9.0 N/A Butyl 1 120 5.1 2 x 10-8
165 6.8 3 x 10-8
Fluorocarbon 2.0 to 6.0 4.5 to 18.0 6.1 to 28.0
75 0 1 x 10-8
Ethylene
6.3 to 19.0 33.4 to 100 104 to 310 Fluorocarbon 1 120 0.7 4 x 10-8
Propylene
165 1.3 5 x 10-8
Silicone 49.3 to 150 126 to 380 269 to 810
Ethylene
75 0.4 4 x 10-8
* Atmospheric cubic centimeters of Helium per linear inch of seal per year Propylene 2
** Test results of 460-xxx-16 series Gask-O-Seal (302/304 SS retainers) 1. Duration of test, 8 days
*** Tested with Helium at one atmosphere pressure inside the seal, and an 2. Duration of test, 24 days
average absolute pressure of 3.5x10-7 torr outside seal

WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

18 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
Bolt Sizes and Torque Values
See the table below for suggested approximate torque values for fasteners of different materials. The baseline torque is calculated for a
non-lubricated and un-plated bolt.

Suggested Assembly Torque Values For Fasteners of Different Materials

(Torque in lbs-ft)
Coarse Thread
316 2024-T4
Bolt Size Grade 2 Steel Grade 5 Steel Grade 8 Steel Stainless Steel Aluminum
1/4-20 4 8 12 7 4
5/16-18 9 17 25 12 7
3/8-16 16 30 45 21 12
7/16-14 24 50 70 33 19
1/2-13 38 75 110 45 26
9/16-12 52 110 150 60 34
5/8-11 98 150 220 97 60
3/4-10 157 260 380 132 82
7/8-9 210 430 600 203 125
1-8 320 640 900 300 184
Fine Thread
316 2024-T4
Bolt Size Grade 2 Steel Grade 5 Steel Grade 8 Steel Stainless Steel Aluminum
1/4-28 6 10 14 8 5
5/16-24 12 19 29 12 7
3/8-24 22 35 50 23 13
7/16-20 34 55 80 35 20
1/2-20 52 90 120 47 27
9/16-18 71 120 170 66 38
5/8-18 115 180 240 108 67
3/4-16 180 300 420 130 80
7/8-14 230 470 660 202 124
1-14 350 710 990 271 166
The above estimated torque values are offered as a guide only. Use of its content by anyone is the sole responsibility of that person and they assume all risk. The
only way to determine the correct torque is through experimentation under actual joint and assembly conditions.

Torques values can be calculated based on the following relationship: The value of K is assumed to be equal to .20 for dry, unplated condi-
tions and equal to .15 for lubricated, including plated conditions. Actual
values of K can vary between .05 and .35 for commonly encountered
T = K*D*P conditions.
Where: T = Torque (lbs-in)
The above torque values can be used to calculate approximately the
D = Nominal Diameter (in) bolt clamp load in pounds as follows:
P = Clamp Load (lbs)
K = Torque Friction Coefficient Clamp Load (lbs) = T/(K*D)
Total Clamp Load (lbs) = N*T/(K*D), where N is total number
of bolts
Example: SAE Grade 5 Steel, Bolt 5/8"-18 size:
Bolt Loading Force = (1*180)/(.20*.625) = 1,440 lbs.
WARNING
These products can expose you to chemicals including carbon black (airborne and extracts), antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide, silica (crystalline), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, ethylene
thiourea, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, toluene diisocyanate, tetrafluoroethylene, ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, furfuryl alcohol, glass fibers, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel
(metallic and compounds), lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause cancer; and 1,3-butadiene, epichlorohydrin, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, di-isodecyl
phthalate, ethylene thiourea, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, toluene, lead and lead compounds which are known to the state of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive
harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 19

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Technical Data and Product Information
Application Data Form
Customer Information:

Name: ____________________________________________________ Title: ___________________________________________________

Company: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Address: __________________________________________________ City: __________________________ State: _____ Zip: ___________

Email: ____________________________________________________ Phone: ________________________ Fax: _____________________

Distributor:

Distributor Name: ___________________________________________ Contact Name: ___________________________________________

Address: __________________________________________________ City: ___________________________ State: ______ Zip: _________

Email: ____________________________________________________ Phone: _________________________ Fax: ____________________

Product Information: ( New/ Existing) Problem: Leakage Life Cost Other_____________________________________

Market: Aerospace Automotive Chemical Processing Commercial EOG Industrial Life Sciences
Military Semiconductor Other______________________________________

Program: __________________________________________________ Application: ______________________________________________

Existing Sealing Type/Materials: ________________________________ Competition: ______________________________________________

Current Price:_________________ Target Price:___________________ Program Start Date:________________ Ramp Schedule:__________

Quantity: Prototype:_________________________ Production: ____________________________ Annual Usage: ______________________

Operating Conditions:

Media: ______________________________ Gas/Liq/Sol:___________ Visc.: _____________ Allow. Leakage:_________________________

Temperature: Operating: _____________________________________ Min.: _________________________ Max.: _____________________

Pressure: (Check all that apply) Pressure Vacuum Internal External

Operating: _______________________ Min.: _____________________ Max.: ________________________ Proof: _____________________

Hardware Conditions: ( New/ Existing) Drawing Number(s): ___________________________________________________________

Flange: Material: _____________________ Surface Hardness: __________________ Finish: __________________ Flatness: _____________

Cover: Material: ______________________ Surface Hardness: __________________ Finish: __________________ Flatness: _____________

Specifications/Requirements:

Material Spec.: Compound(s): _________________________________ Retainer: _________________________________________________

Finish Spec.: _______________________________________________ Cleaning Spec.: ___________________________________________

Identification: Mark Bag:______________________________________ Mark Part:_______________________ Spec.:___________________

Marking Information: ________________________________________________________________________________________________

Testing Spec.: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Export Controlled: Yes No

Please fax or email a copy of the completed application data form along with any pertinent information (i.e. hardware drawings) to the
Composite Sealing Systems Division marketing/sales department.

20 Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
Offer of Sale
The items described in this document and other documents and descriptions provided by Such special tooling shall be and remain Seller’s property notwithstanding payment of
Parker Hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries and its authorized distributors (“Seller”) are any charges by Buyer. In no event will Buyer acquire any interest in apparatus belonging
hereby offered for sale at prices to be established by Seller. This offer and its acceptance to Seller which is utilized in the manufacture of the Products, even if such apparatus has
by any customer (“Buyer”) shall be governed by all of the following Terms and Conditions. been specially converted or adapted for such manufacture and notwithstanding any charges
Buyer’s order for any item described in its document, when communicated to Seller verbally, paid by Buyer. Unless otherwise agreed, Seller shall have the right to alter, discard or
or in writing, shall constitute acceptance of this offer. All goods or work described will be otherwise dispose of any special tooling or other property in its sole discretion at any time.
referred to as “Products”. 11. Buyer’s Obligation; Rights of Seller. To secure payment of all sums due or otherwise, Seller
1. Terms and Conditions. Seller’s willingness to offer Products, or accept an order for shall retain a security interest in the goods delivered and this agreement shall be deemed
Products, to or from Buyer is expressly conditioned on Buyer’s assent to these Terms and a Security Agreement under the Uniform Commercial Code. Buyer authorizes Seller as its
Conditions and to the terms and conditions found on-line at www.parker.com/saleterms/. attorney to execute and file on Buyer’s behalf all documents Seller deems necessary to perfect
Seller objects to any contrary or additional term or condition of Buyer’s order or any other its security interest. Seller shall have a security interest in, and lien upon, any property of Buyer
document issued by Buyer. in Seller’s possession as security for the payment of any amounts owed to Seller by Buyer.
2. Price Adjustments; Payments. Prices stated on the reverse side or preceding pages of 12. Improper use and Indemnity. Buyer shall indemnify, defend, and hold Seller harmless
this document are valid for 30 days. After 30 days, Seller may change prices to reflect any from any claim, liability, damages, lawsuits, and costs (including attorney fees), whether for
increase in its costs resulting from state, federal or local legislation, price increases from personal injury, property damage, patent, trademark or copyright infringement or any other
its suppliers, or any change in the rate, charge, or classification of any carrier. The prices claim, brought by or incurred by Buyer, Buyer’s employees, or any other person, arising out
stated on the reverse or preceding pages of this document do not include any sales, use, of: (a) improper selection, improper application or other misuse of Products purchased by
or other taxes unless so stated specifically. Unless otherwise specified by Seller, all prices Buyer from Seller; (b) any act or omission, negligent or otherwise, of Buyer; (c) Seller’s use
are F.O.B. Seller’s facility, and payment is due 30 days from the date of invoice. After 30 of patterns, plans, drawings, or specifications furnished by Buyer to manufacture Product;
days, Buyer shall pay interest on any unpaid invoices at the rate of 1.5% per month or the or (d) Buyer’s failure to comply with these terms and conditions. Seller shall not indemnify
maximum allowable rate under applicable law. Buyer under any circumstance except as otherwise provided.
3. Delivery Dates; Title and Risk; Shipment. All delivery dates are approximate and Seller 13. Cancellations and Changes. Orders shall not be subject to cancellation or change
shall not be responsible for any damages resulting from any delay. Regardless of the by Buyer for any reason, except with Seller’s written consent and upon terms that will
manner of shipment, title to any products and risk of loss or damage shall pass to Buyer indemnify, defend and hold Seller harmless against all direct, incidental and consequential
upon tender to the carrier at Seller’s facility (i.e., when it’s on the truck, it’s yours). Unless loss or damage. Seller may change product features, specifications, designs and avail-
otherwise stated, Seller may exercise its judgment in choosing the carrier and means of ability with notice to Buyer.
delivery. No deferment of shipment at Buyers’ request beyond the respective dates indicated 14. Limitation on Assignment. Buyer may not assign its rights or obligations under this
will be made except on terms that will indemnify, defend and hold Seller harmless against agreement without the prior written consent of Seller.
all loss and additional expense. Buyer shall be responsible for any additional shipping
charges incurred by Seller due to Buyer’s changes in shipping, product specifications or 15. Entire Agreement. This agreement contains the entire agreement between the Buyer
in accordance with Section 13, herein. and Seller and constitutes the final, complete and exclusive expression of the terms of the
agreement. All prior or contemporaneous written or oral agreements or negotiations with
4. Warranty. Seller warrants that the Products sold hereunder shall be free from defects in respect to the subject matter are herein merged.
material or workmanship for a period of twelve months from the date of delivery to Buyer
or 2,000 hours of normal use, whichever occurs first. This warranty is made only to Buyer 16. Waiver and Severability. Failure to enforce any provision of this agreement will not waive
and does not extend to anyone to whom Products are sold after purchased from Seller. that provision nor will any such failure prejudice Seller’s right to enforce that provision in
The prices charged for Seller’s products are based upon the exclusive limited warranty the future. Invalidation of any provision of this agreement by legislation or other rule of law
stated above, and upon the following disclaimer: Disclaimer of Warranty: This warranty shall not invalidate any other provision herein. The remaining provisions of this agreement
comprises the sole and entire warranty pertaining to products provided hereunder. SELLER will remain in full force and effect.
DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED, INCLUDING MER- 17. Termination. This agreement may be terminated by Seller for any reason and at any
CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. time by giving Buyer thirty (30) days written notice of termination. In addition, Seller may
5. Claims; Commencement of Actions. Buyer shall promptly inspect all Products upon by written notice immediately terminate this agreement for the following: (a) Buyer com-
delivery. No claims for shortages will be allowed unless reported to the Seller within 10 mits a breach of any provision of this agreement (b) the appointment of a trustee, receiver
days of delivery. No other claims against Seller will be allowed unless asserted in writ- or custodian for all or any part of Buyer’s property (b) the filing of a petition for relief in
ing within 60 days after delivery or, in the case of an alleged breach of warranty, within bankruptcy of the other Party on its own behalf, or by a third party (c) an assignment for
30 days after the date within the warranty period on which the defect is or should have the benefit of creditors, or (d) the dissolution or liquidation of the Buyer.
been discovered by Buyer. Any action based upon breach of this agreement or upon any 18. Governing Law. This agreement and the sale and delivery of all Products hereunder
other claim arising out of this sale (other than an action by Seller for any amount due to shall be deemed to have taken place in and shall be governed and construed in accor-
Seller from Buyer) must be commenced within thirteen months from the date of tender dance with the laws of the State of Ohio, as applicable to contracts executed and wholly
of delivery by Seller or, for a cause of action based upon an alleged breach of warranty, performed therein and without regard to conflicts of laws principles. Buyer irrevocably
within thirteen months from the date within the warranty period on which the defect is or agrees and consents to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of the courts of Cuyahoga
should have been discovered by Buyer. County, Ohio with respect to any dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or relating to
6. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. UPON NOTIFICATION, SELLER WILL, AT ITS OPTION, this agreement. Disputes between the parties shall not be settled by arbitration unless,
REPAIR OR REPLACE A DEFECTIVE PRODUCT, OR REFUND THE PURCHASE PRICE. after a dispute has arisen, both parties expressly agree in writing to arbitrate the dispute.
IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE TO BUYER FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, 19. Indemnity for Infringement of Intellectual Property Rights. Seller shall have no liability
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF, OR AS THE RESULT for infringement of any patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade dress, trade secrets or similar
OF, THE SALE, DELIVERY, NON-DELIVERY, SERVICING, USE OR LOSS OF USE OF rights except as provided in this Section. Seller will defend and indemnify Buyer against
THE PRODUCTS OR ANY PART THEREOF, OR FOR ANY CHARGES OR EXPENSES allegations of infringement of U.S. patents, U.S. trademarks, copyrights, trade dress and
OF ANY NATURE INCURRED WITHOUT SELLER’S WRITTEN CONSENT, EVEN IF trade secrets (“Intellectual Property Rights”). Seller will defend at its expense and will
SELLER HAS BEEN NEGLIGENT, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHER LEGAL pay the cost of any settlement or damages awarded in an action brought against Buyer
THEORY. IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER’S LIABILITY UNDER ANY CLAIM MADE BY based on an allegation that a Product sold pursuant to this Agreement infringes the Intel-
BUYER EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCTS. lectual Property Rights of a third party. Seller’s obligation to defend and indemnify Buyer
7. Contingencies. Seller shall not be liable for any default or delay in performance if caused is contingent on Buyer notifying Seller within ten (10) days after Buyer becomes aware of
by circumstances beyond the reasonable control of Seller. such allegations of infringement, and Seller having sole control over the defense of any
allegations or actions including all negotiations for settlement or compromise. If a Product is
8. User Responsibility. The user, through its own analysis and testing, is solely responsible subject to a claim that it infringes the Intellectual Property Rights of a third party, Seller may,
for making the final selection of the system and Product and assuring that all performance, at its sole expense and option, procure for Buyer the right to continue using the Product,
endurance, maintenance, safety and warning requirements of the application are met. The replace or modify the Product so as to make it noninfringing, or offer to accept return of
user must analyze all aspects of the application and follow applicable industry standards and the Product and return the purchase price less a reasonable allowance for depreciation.
Product information. If Seller provides Product or system options, the user is responsible for Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall have no liability for claims of infringement based
determining that such data and specifications are suitable and sufficient for all applications on information provided by Buyer, or directed to Products delivered hereunder for which
and reasonably foreseeable uses of the Products or systems. the designs are specified in whole or part by Buyer, or infringements resulting from the
9. Loss to Buyer’s Property. Any designs, tools, patterns, materials, drawings, confidential modification, combination or use in a system of any Product sold hereunder. The foregoing
information or equipment furnished by Buyer or any other items which become Buyer’s provisions of this Section shall constitute Seller’s sole and exclusive liability and Buyer’s
property, may be considered obsolete and may be destroyed by Seller after two consecutive sole and exclusive remedy for infringement of Intellectual Property Rights.
years have elapsed without Buyer placing an order for the items which are manufactured 20. Taxes. Unless otherwise indicated, all prices and charges are exclusive of excise, sales,
using such property. Seller shall not be responsible for any loss or damage to such property use, property, occupational or like taxes which may be imposed by any taxing authority
while it is in Seller’s possession or control. upon the manufacture, sale or delivery of Products.
10. Special Tooling. A tooling charge may be imposed for any special tooling, including 21. Equal Opportunity Clause. For the performance of government contracts and where
without limitation, dies, fixtures, molds and patterns, acquired to manufacture Products. dollar value of the Products exceed $10,000, the equal employment opportunity clauses in
Executive Order 11246, VEVRAA, and 41 C.F.R. §§ 60-1.4(a), 60-741.5(a), and 60-250.4,
are hereby incorporated.

Parker Hannifin Corporation • Composite Sealing Systems Division 21

7664 Panasonic Way, San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000 • Fax: 619 671 3202
www.parker.com
 Your Local Authorized Parker Distributor

©2020 Parker Hannifin Corporation. Product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. CSS 5124 05/20

Parker Hannifin Corporation

Composite Sealing Systems Division
7664 Panasonic Way
San Diego, CA 92154
Phone: 619 661 7000
fax: 619 671 3202