| %& Machine Design Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe 1-13 | SOLVED SAMPLE PROBLEMS 1, PAST BOARD PROBLEM | Wats the maximum aowable load that canbe cared by a(n ee) cubical | member if the factor of safety is 1.5 and a yield stress of 3000 et S ‘A, 40,000 bs C. 50,000 ibs B. 70,0008 0. 70,000 bs | F sa | Sm sin | 0,000 Ibs Fesonae 2, PAST BOARD PROBLEM A prismatic bar at 50°F is embedded in a rigid coricrete wall. The bar is 40 in. long and. hhas a cross-sectional area of 4 in? What is the axial force developed if the temperature is increased to 100 deg. F? The thermal expansion coefficient ofthe stee bar is 5 x 10° Ideg. F ‘A 45,000 Ibs . 30,000 tbs 8B. 20,00bs D. 20,000 los Selatan: The thermal elongation: 6,2aLAT = 5x10%(40)(100 ~ 50) tin. Alert Soto The elongation is related to stress: | F “AEST FL | F=(4)(30x 10°)(5 x 10°*)(100-50) | ne | = 30,000 | = SAE _ 0.01(4)(30 x 10°) } ‘Ge 40 F = 30,000 Ib, PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘An iron column of annular cross-section has an outer diameter of 200 mm and is ‘subjected to force of 75 kN. Find the thickness of the wall if the allowable compressive stress is 10 Mpa. A 12.75mm C.17.75mm 45.75 mm D.15.75mmChapter 01 — Kinematics & Stress i ‘® 10 mi from; A = He) = 17450 mm = 2 (e00)-8 7,500 = (200 - this cant be used since the allowable S, So; the governing stress is (S,= 10,000 psi) 10,000psi 35, _ 35 355 : 8.= $38, = 25(10,000) = 11670 From Static Equation: °F, = 0 > P, +P, = 230,000 i DAS,*AS, = 230,000 i (txt 110,000) £(14) acre ]167) = 230,000 ns57 bars Said ‘A2 ton weight is lowered at a constant acceleration of 2 fUs*. Ifthe weight is raised at the same rate of acceleration, what is the cable stress? A. 4248.45 b ©. 3751.55 lb B. 5234.7 Ib D. 3751.55 Ib Slain Going up: kwetles +, 2420002) F=aw+ 7 ‘a = 2(2000) 32.2 1248.45 Ib 20, PAST BOARD PROBLEM Acar of mass 2000 slugs sccalaaisin 10 seconds rom es ot a constant rate toa speed ‘ear due to this acceleration?1-22 Chapter 01 - Kinematics & Stresses % Saletan: Fema; where a= 10 ee 21. PAST BOARD PROBLEM. ‘Aman weighs himself in an elevator. When the elevator is at rest he weighs 185 Ibs: when the elevator starts moving upwards, he weighs 210 Ibs. how fast is the elevator ‘accelerating, assuming constant acceleration? = 2000| 20-2 = 40001, A fsect ©.2.17 fUsect B.4.35 fisect 1.981 fusect Sedation Based on the resting elevator: DF, = 0, then M = W N= 1851 Based on the upward motion: Taking EF, = 0, N= WeREF w =weWa) 3 105 210 = 185+ 285 (a 0 = 185+ 5 (a) a=4.35fps 122, PAST BOARD PROBLEM, Find the Joules of work to pull a roller of mass 50 kg a distance of 8 m up a gradient Inclined at 6 degrees to the horizontal neglecting resistances, A340 c.245 8.410 3.520 Salcion: F=Wsin6® F =50(9.81)sin6° Solving for the work W WF 23, PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘An occupant moves toward the center of a merry go round at 6 m/s. ifthe meny go round rotates at 6rpm. Compute the acceleration component of the occupant normal to the radius. c.8.29Machine Design Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe 1-23 enna eer BY Capote & Mand Selatan V=2aRN 6 6 =20(R( © lS) R=9.549m the normal acceeration:a, ¥_ OF Rage a 77mis! What load in Newton must be applied to 25 mm round steel bar 3.0 m long to stretch the bar 1.3 mm? A. 42,056 c. 52,840 B.55.016 44,031 Selatan Pes AE Where : Eq) = 30x10 psi = 206786 MPa (3000) 4257206786) P=43986N 13 ee ea ee Oe ee 25, ST BOARD PROBLEM ‘Astee| tie rod on bridge must be made to withstand a pul of 6000 Ibs. find the diameter of the rod assuming a factor of safety of 5 and ultimate stress of 64,000 psi 4.0705 in ©.0.891 in B.0.809 in D073 in1-24 Chapter 01 ~ Kinematics & Stresses {TAePAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘ so pointae ot steel railroad rails of 10 meters long are t0 bei lowest Inthe LRT Pre er 20 deg Cand a maximum temperature of 36 deg Cf temperature consist adulus of elasticity of steel to be 207,000 Mpa, determine the temperature, A234 €.3.32 B34 0.1.86 Salaon AL = a(L)(37) > where : ggg = 11.6x10° fo C AL = 11.6x10°°(10000)(36 - 20) aL = 1.856mm 27, PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘A beam of regular rectangular cross-section is 64 mm broad, 100 mm deep and 1.6m Jong. itis simply supported at each end and carries a concentrated load of 10 KN at its rmigslength. Neglecting the weight ofthe beam, find the maximum stress in the material A357 MPa C.57.3MPa 8.53.7 MPa D. 37.5MPa (0. 25(10000)1600)] 2] Altnate Slaton SH cers oF "q = 8[0.25(10000)(1600)} 64(100)" Sear‘% Machine Design Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe 1-25 PAST BOARD OBLEM A cantilever of rectangular section is ‘concentrated load of 15 kN at its f distance from the free end where is 100 mm broad by 150mm deep and carries a ree end. Neglecting the weight ofthe beam, find the the stress atthe outer fiber is 75 MN A.1.875m C.0875m B.2785m 0.3785 m Satan Son OD where: Maas = Meseasans = PL oh 12 2 12 75 = {15000(L)}[15012] : 004150" 12 L=1875mm [Wotan Slot 6(15000)(4) 100(150)" = 1875mm = 1.875 m 29, PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘An engine parts is being tested with a load of 30,000 Ib. the allowable tensile stress is 10,000 psi, modulus of elasticity of 40 x 10° psi. I the original length of specimen is, 42 Inches with elongation not exceeding 0.0015 inch, what diameter of the specimen is required? A 42in C.3.0in B 25in D. 5.17 inChapter 01 - Kinematics & Stresses % PL. AE 0.0015 = 3000042) gP(aoxt0*) 7in eee 30, PAST BOARD PROBLEM A steel rod 75 inches long tested with a {od stretches 0.025 inches and the cross-* elasticity of the steel Joad of 3000 Ib is suspended from the other end. Ifthe ‘sectional area of 0.25 in2, find the modulus of A. 36x 108 psi ©.11.5x 10° psi B. 30x 10°psi 1.27% 10° psi 31, PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘A copper column of annular cross section has an outer diameter d, of 15 ft and is subjected to 2 force of 45 kips. The allowable compressive slress is 300 Itt, What should be the wall thickness? 3 c.3s2 3459 0.503 Shans 45x10" _ 99 E[15? -d?] d=sas2n ohis-s8%0)=4060 132, PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘What can the maximum load be on the column, if the cross sectional area is 14 f® and the compressive stress cannot exceed 200 bit"? A. 20kips ©.22kips B. 28.8 kips D.30kips1% Machine Design Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe 1-21 ee A 133, PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘A.100 in tong aluminum bar is subjected to tensile stress of 25000 psi. Find the elongation 10x10" psi) ‘.0025in ©.025in Boasin D:D 065in Stn oe 100 hen 5 25000{ 100 « li | we ‘34, PAST BOARD PROBLEM =, What load P which cause a total deformation of 0.036 inch of a steel rack which has @ cross-section area of 4 sq. inches and a length of § ft. A. $5,000 8 ¢.72.00010 8. 60,000 b 0. 50,000 1b Silane Alternate Solution: PL fi “ one p= ae(®) -(4)(soxaot)( 2928) to) \ 52 } 0.036 = P(5%12) . 4(30x10°) P= 72,000 | P=72000/b 135. PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘A rairoad track is laid at @ temperature of 10 degree F with gaps of 0.01 feet between the tends of the rails. The rails are 33 feet long. f they are prevented from buckling, what stress will result from a temperature of 110 degree F? Coefficient of linear expansion = 6.5 x 10° per degree F. A. 10,000 psi ©. 8,530 psi B. 9,450 psi D. 10408 psi1280 Chapter 01 - Kinematics & Stresso, a ea, + Sota l= al(aT) 0.01 = 6.5x10(33)(F, - 10) T, =56.62°F Solving forthe stress: S, =aE(T -T,) ‘Assuming that the rails are made of steel: we have: E = 30x10* psi S, = 6.5x10*(30 x 10*)(110 - 56.62) = 10409 psi eRe ES ee 26, PAST BOARD PROBLEM. ‘The maximum moment induced in a simply supported beam of 20 foot span, by @ 2.000 pou fad at midspan is: ‘A. 125,000 fs . 15,000 f-bs 8. 30,000 f-bs. D. 10,000 f-bs Stn ‘Solving for the maximum bending moment: ee M.., = Mconcentratedioad Alerate Solution: ] fare ManGPL =] (2000120100004 | use: hear and moment dagram | I ‘17. PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘A simple beam. 48 in long, with a static load of 6000 bs at the center is made of C1020, Structural steel Based on the utimate strength with Su = 65 ksi and fector of safety basee (on utimate strength = 4 (for C1020), determine the dimensions of the rectangular cross- ‘section for h= 25. Ab=17/Bandh=3% c Db= MB andh=31/4 ‘3B andh= 2:34 Ma =M coxmomnne = Pt-= £(6000)(48) = 72000 nib Solving for he base: Sen Se SMe 2 8 the: Men = SY uth 220 Mow. SU bby ON 6(72000) _ 65000 4D” 4 b=1.88in (1.88) = 3.76inMachine Design Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe 1-29 ‘38, PAST BOARD PROBLEM A tensile stress of 8000 psi and a shear stress of 4000 psi are induced in a bitle material ‘whose working strength in straight tension is 10000 psi what is the maximum tensile stress? ‘A. 6000 psi . 9656 psi B. 11400 psi D. 10876 psi Saletan Solvingfor the maximum tensile stress, st fos Sau * 4 fss (3) | oe soos S600) 2 2 9656.85 psi 19. PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘A short compression member with Do= 201 isto support a dead load of 25 tons. The material is to be 4130 steel, WOT 1100 °F. Calculate the outside and inside diameters on the basis of yield strength of 114 ksi and factor of safety of 2 A. Do 22 in, and Di-0.61 in ©. Do= 1.24 in. and B. Do= 1.34 in. and Di= 0.75 in D, 48 in. and Soetin: Solving for the inside diameter, iin. Solving for the outside diameter:D D=2d = 2(0.61) = 1.22in ‘0, PAST BOARD PROBLEM steel bar 24 in. in length is to withstand a tensile impact load caused by a weight of 100 Ib having a velocity on impact of 140 fpr. Find the stress in the bar if the diameter is 1 Yin and the modulus of Elasticity (E) is 30x10* psi A. “12,000 psi C. 10,000 psi B. 11,000 psi D. 15,000 psi{ur = HAI) FL. where:5 = Pel task (z)(s) es Zas'poue) F=21170.48 Ib, F _21170.48 A fasf ‘unmemn Alink has a load factor of, tho surface factors 0.92 and th endurance stengn, 28000 pst Compute the aterating stress ofthe ink ts subjected oa reve Assume a facior of safety of 3 = 12,000 psi A 8150 cc. 10820 B. 9,333 0.7260 Seaton Using Soderberg Equation for Normal Stress: 1. Sa 4S: 1 ATES 7 wheres, =Meanstose=[5,..+5,,] 8,=Alterating ste85- 118, y.] S, = Net Endurance Strength 8, = LF(SF)SFYS,) = 28,000 fora reversed loading: 8, = 0. = & | as: s, 4 . 3 2e000 8, 9933.33psi Sl eh moa ie Z 42, PAST BOARD PROBLEM 71ue masses of 100 g are suspended by wires that are five mm in diameter. One wel rad aluminum and the other is of steel. The wires ar How much lower will mass held by the aluminurn wite be? ~ ee | C.4.87 mm 0.5.87 mmSolving for the elongation of the aluminum wire: PL TE +E = 10x10°psi ~ 68929 Mpg = i = 68929 MF 100(9.81)(10000) 6168929) = 7.2483 mm ving forthe elongation ofthe steel wire FE + & = 30x10* psi ~ 206786 mPa 100(9.81)(10000) FOF@06786) 4161mm Solving forthe difference in elongations: 5 = By ~ by = 7.2483 2.4161 = 4.8mm 6, 3. PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘Aluminum bolts 2 cm in diameter and 500 cm long are used to hold the head on a pressure ‘vessel. One bolt has a sensitive extensometer attached to the body of the bolt. Il measures ‘an elongation of 0.00400 mm in a ten-cm length ofthe bolt when its tightened. How much force is exerted by the bolt? A.8670N .8770N B.8870N D.a970N Solan: ‘The elongation of the aluminum Fs where oon 82). —_ 000) _ § (20)'(68928) 1661.87 = 8670 N = 10x10 psi = 68929 MPa P PAST BOARD PROBLEM Ina shearing machine the energy is 29,264 ft-lb, the ultimate shearing stress of the steel plate is 40,000 psi the plate thickness is 1 inch the length of the plate which can be sheared is ‘A. 7088 in ©. 10.55 in 8.1275in . 17.56 inChapter 01 ~ Kinematics & Sree 1-32 se sng erie at = he © asin 2 (1in) a) 2 | F=7023361b ‘Solving for the length of the steel plate (L): & 40000 psi Ss= 8, 2 A = 40000 F = 40000 702336 ‘A 7.58 EE eee 45, PAST BOARD PROBLEM What pressure is required to punch a hole 3 in. diameter through a A. 60tons C. 20 tons, B. 30 tons D. 40 tons Slaton: From Machineries Handbook : ‘An &:in long steel has a cross-section area of 0.25 in.? After a load of 5000'b Ei been applied the length is found to be 8.0065 in. Compute Stress. C. $= 20,000 psi D. $= 80,000 psi F _ 5000 1b 2 = 20,000 psi 47, PAST BOARD PROBLEM A hollow bronze tube has an outer diameter of 2 in. and an inner diameter of in, and is 12in. long. A crank 15 in. long is keyed to one end , and the other held rigidly. The modulus of rigidity is 10,000,000 psi. Compute for polar of inertia A. 3.178 ins ©. 3.781 D. 1.738 insign Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe 1-33 iB towaiee Jee [2-157] J = 1.0738 in 448, PAST BOARD PROBLEM, ‘A.15/16 ~ in wide key has a depth of 6/8 in. tis 12 inches long and is to be used on. ‘a 200 hp, 1160 rpm, squirrel ~cage induction motor. The shaft diameter is 3 7/8 inches. The maximum running torque is 200% ofthe full-load torque. Compute for the force. A.11,217 Ib ©. 27,111 1b B.87.211 Ib D. 72,401 tb ar 2(21,733) 3718 F = 11,217 49. PAST BOARD PROBLEM ‘An 6-in long steel has a cross-section area of 0.25 in.*After a load of S000 Ib has been applied the length is found to be 8.0065 in. What is the unit deformation induced? A. 0.00081 C.0.00041 B. 0.4100 D. 0.8100Chapter 01 ~ Kinematics & Stresses 4 & ¢ = (6.0065 -80)in. = 9 e081 80in 50. PAST BOARD PROBLEM A hollow bronze tube has an outer diameter of 2 in, and an inner diameter of 1 14) and is 12 in. long. A crank 15 in long is keyed to one end , and the other end is he rigidly. The modulus of rigidity is 10,000,000 psi. Compute the angular movement of tend of the crank wnen the load of 358i is applied. A. 0.344 degree C. 0.544 degree B. 0.543 degree D. 0.434 degree Solan ou ie = _0581115in) (12m) 180° 10730 n§(10%108win?) “x mad 8 =0.344" ‘An B-in long stee! has a cross-section area of 0.25 in? After a load of 5000 Ib has been applied the length is found to be 8.0065 in. What is its modulus of elasticity? | ‘A. 24,690,000 psi C. 32,950,000 psi B. 14,540,000 psi 1D. 16,450,000 psi Selsban: S=Ee S _ 20,000 psi e-3 psi © 0.00081 E = 24,691,358.022% Machine Design Reviower by 1-35 '52, PAST BOARD PROBLEM, Asimple beam, 48 in, long . wth a static load of 6000 pounds at the center is made of C1020 structural steel. What is the ‘maximum moment of the beam in in - Ib? ‘A. 72,000 ©. 50,000 B. 80,000 B. 60°000 Salaton: Consider the beam lett section : Max moment = 3000 x 24 Max moment 72,000 in.-b> 53, PAST BOARD PROBLEM A simple beam, 48 in long, with a static load of 6000 pounds atthe center is made of 1020 structural steel, Determine the dimensions based on the yield strength with Sy = 4B ksi & factor of safety based on ultimate strength = 2 (Note -h= 2b). A b=13/8 and B. b= 15/8 and 314 C. b= 15/8 and h=35/6 =21l4 D. b= 13/8 and h=23/16 Selo: ‘The moment of inertia (1) Sy _ Mc _ _M(tv2) Sy= = = Ny 1 bh8 12 FraMiNy, Sy = of 1272000 IPN?) 5 30 in, use 3 5/16 in, 48,000 Ibyin? 1.65 in. — use 4 5/8 in,Chapter 01 -Kinematics & Stresses , 1-36 oano PROBLEM be ae st compression member with Dp = 2D, s to support a dead load of 25 tons shor | ate the outside and inside diameters ¢ ial is to be 4130, WOT 1100°F. Calcul a Pane timate stength of 127 ks wth factor of safety of 4 Slain: Based on Ultimate Strength (25tons(2000Ib/ton)(4) 127,000 Ibn? 4.5748 in? /2Dg = 0.817 in. Do = 1.635 in. and D,= 0.817 in. Pa eT Ne Se ar ae ec ae 55. PAST BOARD PROBLEM A hollow bronze tube has an outer diameter of 2 in. and an inner diameter of 1 % in. and is 12 in. long. A crank 15 in. long is keyed to one end , and the other endis held rigidly. The modulus of rigidity is 10,000,000 psi. The torsional shear of 5000 si can be expressed in bar as : A. 543 C. 453 B. 935 D. 345, Solation 1.013 bs S, = 5000 psi x | ~~ Pt 14.7 psi Ss = 345 bar a ee ee ee 56. PAST BOARD PROBLEM AA centrifuge has a small bucket. Weighing 0.332 Ib with contents, suspended on a ‘manganese bronze pin ( B138~ A, 1/2 hard ) tthe end ofthe horizontal arm. ifthe pin | in double shear under the action of the centrifugal force, determine the diameter of the arm needed for 10,000 rpm . The center of gravity of the bucket is 12 in. from the axis of rotation. Note: the design stress in shear for B138-A is 48 ksi and factor of saely of 4.