ZIMBABWE SCHOOL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

General Certificate of Education Advanced Level

MARKING SCHEME

JUNE 2007

PHYSICS 9188/3
 Section A

1. (a) (i) long and wide tube full oil, B1

moisten ball bearing in oil so that it will not carry air
bubbles, B1
place three markers A, B and C that are equally separated
along the length of vertical tube B1
measure time for bearing to move from spacer A to B and
spacer B to C. B1

t1 = t2 B1

v = 2x , evidence of x and t mentioned B1

t 1 + t2

(ii) work is done against drag force B1

and is converted into internal energy B1
hence temperature of fluid increases therefore viscosity
of fluid decreases B1

(b) (i)
All correct B2
Or
2 correct B1

(ii) upthrust = 4∏r3pg = 4 ∏ (7,8 x 10-2)3 x 1000 x 9,81 = 19,5N C1

3 3
system is in equilibrium or equivalent statement weight
of balloon = 1.23 x 9.81 = 12.1 N B1
.·. tension = 19.5 – 12.1 = 7.4 N A1

(iii) a = F, F = 19.5 – 12.1 = 7.4 N C1

M

a = 7.4 = 6.02m /s2 A1

1.23
(iv) acceleration decreases as speed increases, because
drag force will increase with speed B1
.·. acceleration can not be used since its changing B1

(v) volume will increase B1

since pressure decreases B1

2. (a) (i) product of a force and the displacement; B1

in the direction of the applied force; B1

(ii) work done = 0 B1

Weight is perpendicular to displacement B1
(b) (i) ball’s potential energy is converted to kinetic energy just
before hitting the ground B1
2
Ep = mgh Ek = ½ mv B1
2
.·. ½ mv = mgh
V2 = 2gh B1
.·. v = √2gh

(ii) % age of energy lost = ( 1 – ¾) x 100%

= 25% A1

Converted into heat and sound B2

 (iii) air resistance converts kinetic energy into heat B1

(c) (i) F1 = Fg

mv2 = GMm, v = 2∏r C1

r r2 T

r3 = GMT2
4∏2

.·. r = [6.67 x 10-11 x 5.98 x 1024 x (24 x 3600)2]1/3 C1

[ 4∏2 ( 14 ) ]

= 7.27 x 106m

.·. altitude = r - rE
= (7.27 – 6.36) x 106 C1
= 9.14 x 105m A1

(ii) Ek = ½ mv2 C1

= ½ x 1000 x (2∏r/T)2, v = 2∏r/T C1

= ½ x 1000 x 4∏2 x (7.27 x 106)2 x 142

242 x 36002

= 2.74 x 1010J A1

(d) (i) loses energy due to friction B1

(ii) due to increased speed (& density) B1

3. (a) Incident and refracted rays and the normal at the point of
incident all lie in the same plane B1

for two given media sin i is a constant B1

sin r

(ii) 1 light moving from more dense to less dense mediumB1

 all reflected back into more dense medium B1

2 angle of incidence greater than critical angle ray

must move from more dense to less dense B1

3 optical fibres / periscopes B1

(b) 1st surface

θ r = sin-1 (sin 45) = 25.709º C1

( 1.63 )

θ v = sin-1 (sin 45) = 25.212º C1

( 1.66 )

2nd surface

θ r = sin-1 (sin 34.291 x 1.63) = 66.7º C1

θ v = sin-1 (sin 34.788 x 1.66) = 71.3º C1

angular separation = 71.3º - 66.7º = 4.6º A1

(c) (i) 1 vibrating are restricted to one plane B1

2 light from a point source illuminated on two plane

polaroids B1

one is rotated until their axes are parallel B1

plane polarized light illuminated on scintillating
screen. B1

(d) (i) same frequency or wavelength and always in phase or

constant phase difference. B1

(ii) 1 BP – AP n‫ גּ‬where n is a whole number for maxima

BP – AP = ½ n‫גּ‬ n = 1,3,5,7 ---- for minima B1

2 x = ‫גּ‬D = 30 x 10-3 x 1.5 C1

 a 2 x 10-2

= 2.25 m A1

Section B

4. (a) (i) maximum value of emf / voltage in a cyle B1

(ii) effective value of a.c. which produces the same heating B1

Effect as a steady current of the same value (under the

same conditions) B1

(b) (i) gives value representative of a.c. B1

mean over one cycle is zero B1
peak value only an instantaneous value B1

(ii) Vrms = Vpeak / 0.707 Vpeak B1

√2

(iii) mean power = mean Volo sin2 wt B1

Mean of sin2 wt = ½ B1
.·. mean power Volo B1
2

(c) (i) Irms = 10V = 2.0A A1

5Ω

(ii) Vo = Vrms x √2 = 10√2 = 14V A1

(d) (i) 2 diodes conducting in each cycle B1

Current in one direction through R in both ½ cycles B1
(ii) correct shapes B1
peak value of 14 V marked and axis labeled B1

(iii) 1 capacitor in paralleled to resistor on diagram B1

2 stores electrical energy B1

3 capacitor charges when pulse rises B1

capacitor discharges through R when pulse fallsB1
capacitor recharges before it completely
discharges B1
3 max 2
5. (a) (i) B1

Diagram

(ii) A B│ OR
0 0│ 0
0 1│ 1
1 0│ 1
1 1│ 1 B1

(b) (i) A B │ (NOR) │ D (NAND) │ E

0 0 │ 1 │ 1 │ 0
0 1 │ 0 │ 1 │ 0
1 0 │ 0 │ 1 │ 0
1 1 │ 0 │ 0 │ 1
(B1 B1 │ B1) B3

(ii) AND (gate) A1

(c) (i) when p.d across 10 kΩ resistor is greater than p.d. across
LDR B1
Lights in brightness B1

(ii) resistance has to be < 10 k Ω M1

.·. intensity has to be > 1 Wm-2 A1
(iii) bulb lights up due to light from torch on LDR B1
bulb stays lit to … B1
own light shining on LDR B1

(iv) intruder – lights up when door is opened

(accept other correct explanation) B2

(d) (i) comparator B1

(ii) R = 1 kΩ
VA = 10 x 5
 10 + 1 C1
= 4.5 V A1
- +
(iii) V A< V B B1
So that Vout is positive / (diode will be forward biased)B1

6. (a) (i) elastic – regains original shape when deforming force is

removed plastic does not B1

(ii) stress – force per unit cross – sectional area B1

strain – extension per unit length B1

(b) (i) E = stress / strain B1

= Fl
xA

F = EA x
l B1

E, A and l are constant

.·. F = kx, k = EA
l B1

(ii) (A) concrete (glass) B1

(B) steel (copper or metals) B1

(C) nylon (rubber) B1

(c) (i) Stress = F

A C1

= 75 x 981
∏(2 x 10-2)2 B1

= 5.85 x 105 Pa A1

(ii) (1) w = mg
= pvg
 = pl∏r2g B1

(2) l = 4l and r1 = 4r
.·. w1 = 64w B1

(d) (i) failure due to sustained stress B1

atoms in solid acquire enough energy to escape B1
from neighbours and move to adjacent site

(ii) high temperatures B1

increase creep B1

(iii) nuclear reactors

(engineering structures operating at very high
temperatures) B1

7. (a) Faraday : - emf induced is directly proportional to rate of

change of flux B1
lenz: - induced emf / current is always in such a way as to
oppose the change producing it. B1

(b) (i)

(ii) emf is gradient of ф graph B1

emf oppose the changing flux; that is producing it B2

(c) (i) two coils primary and secondary B1

With secondary turns less than primary turns B1
 (ii) two coils mounted on soft iron B1
coils magnetically linked but not electrically linked. B1

(d) (i) 16 = 240 C1

1 x
= 15v A1

(ii) output of transformer is connected to a bridge rectifier to

convert ac to dc B1
capacitor across rectified output terminals B1
to smooth the dc B1

(iii) 1 = x
16 2,2 C1

X = 0.14A A1

(e) heat is generated in transformers B1

oil is a coolant B1
oil is an efficient insulating medium at normal (hot) operating
temperatures B1
3 max 2