Scribd
Upload
37 views

CH 01

This document provides an overview of project management. It discusses how project management has developed and been applied in different contexts. It also outlines some of the key aspects of project management including the project life cycle, objectives, roles, and challenges.

Uploaded by

Ratnadip Saha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
37 views

CH 01

This document provides an overview of project management. It discusses how project management has developed and been applied in different contexts. It also outlines some of the key aspects of project management including the project life cycle, objectives, roles, and challenges.

Uploaded by

Ratnadip Saha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

Chapter 1

Projects in
Contemporary
Organizations

© 2012 John Wiley & Sons Inc.


Introduction

● Rapid growth in project management


● In the past, most projects were external
– Building a new skyscraper
– New ad campaign
– Launching a rocket
● Growth lately is in internal projects
– Developing a new product
– Opening a new branch
– Improving the services provided
1-2
How Project Management Developed

● Credit for the development of project


management goes to the military
Navy’s Polaris program
–
– NASA’s Apollo space
– program
Development
● Project of “smarthas
management bombs” andwide
found “missiles”
acceptance in industry
● It has many applications outside of construction
– Managing legal cases
– Managing new product releases

1-3
Forces Fostering Project Management

● Main forces in driving the acceptance of


project management:
– Exponential growth of human knowledge
– Growing demand for a broad range of
complex goods and services
–
Increased worldwide competition
● All of these contribute to the need for
organizations to do more and to do it
faster
1-4
Projects Tend to be
Large
● Projects tend to be large
– The Channel Tunnel, or Chunnel
– Denver International Airport
– Panama Canal expansion project
– Three Gorges Dam, China
● Projects are getting larger over time
– Flying: balloons  planes  jets  rockets 
reusable rockets
● The more we can do, the more we try to do

1-5
Project Management Also Getting
Smaller

● More people are seeing the advantages


of project management techniques
● The tools have become cheaper
● The techniques are becoming more
widely taught and written about

1-6
Three Project Objectives: The “Triple
Constraint”
● Time
● Cost
● Scope

● Time, cost, and performance are all


related to a project

1-7
Direct Project Goals: Scope, Cost,
Time

Figure 1-1 1-8


Project Success

● Project efficiency
● Impact on the customer
● Business impact on the organization
● Opening new opportunities for the future

1-9
Project Manager

● Project manager is the key individual on a


project
● Project manager is like a mini-CEO

1-10
Project Management
Organizations
● The Project Management Institute,
founded in 1969, is the major project
management organization
● Grew from 7,500 members in 1990 to
over 320,000 in 2010
● Other organizations
– Association for Project Management
– International Project Management
Association
1-11
Trends in Project
Management
● Achieving strategic goals
● Achieving routine goals
● Improving project effectiveness
● Virtual projects
● Dynamic and quasi-projects

1-12
Recent Changes in Managing
Organizations
● Consensual management
● Systems approach
● Projects are established in order to
accomplish set goals

1-13
The Definition of a “Project”

● A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a


unique product, service, or result
● Modern project management began with the
Manhattan Project
● In its early days, project management was
used mainly for large complex projects
● As the tools and techniques were developed,
the use of project organization began to
spread
1-14
Major Characteristics of a Project

● Importance
● Scope
● Life cycle with a finite due date
● Interdependencies
● Uniqueness
● Resources
● Conflict

1-15
Why Project Management?

● The main purpose for initiating a project


is to accomplish some goal
● Project management increases the
likelihood of accomplishing that goal
● Project management gives us someone
(the project manager) to spearhead the
project and to hold accountable for its
completion

1-16
Negative Side to Project Management

● Greater organizational complexity


● Higher probability organizational policy
will be violated
● Says managers cannot accomplish the
desired outcome
● Conflict

1-17
The Project Life
Cycle

Figure 1-3 1-18


Time Distribution of Project
Effort

Figure 1-4 1-19


Another Possible Project Life
Cycle

Figure 1-5 1-19


Risk During at the Start of the Life Cycle

Figure 1-6 1-19


Risk During the Life
Cycle

Figure 1-7 1-19


The Structure of this
Text
● Follows the project life cycle
● Some topics stand-alone
● Other topics incorporated throughout

1-23
Part I: Project Initiation

● Projects in Contemporary Organizations


● Strategic Management and Project
Selection
● The Project Manager
● Managing Conflict and the Art of
Negotiation
● The Project in the Organizational
Structure
1-24
Part II: Project
Planning
● Project Activity and Risk Planning
● Budgeting: Estimating Costs and Risks
● Scheduling
● Resource Allocation

1-25
Part III: Project Execution

● Monitoring and Information Systems


● Project Control
● Project Auditing
● Project Termination

1-26

You might also like