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Malayan Nature Journal 1997, 50: 197 - 200
New Birds and Bats from Pulau Tioman, Malaysia
G. CSORBN, T. FUISZ2 & B. KELEN3
INTRODUCTION A survey of the fauna of Pulau Tioman was carried out by the staff of an expedition formed by members of the Eotvos Lorand University and the Department of Zoology of the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Pulau Tiomancovers 114km2 and lies some 40 km from the mainland. It bears lowland and hill dipterocarp evergreen rainforest as well as man-made plantations, and has been investigated by museum and university expeditions (Alfred 1966, Day and Mowbray 1990). There are several shorter reports on the avian and mammalian fauna adding further species to the fauna of the island (e.g. Zubaid 1988). During our stay in Kampung Juara at the eastern side of the island, birds were observed with fieldglasses, and bat communities were sampled by mist-netting. Voucher specimens of the insectivorous bat species are deposited at the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Birds were identified using the field guide of King et al. (1975).Bats were identified using identification keys given by Corbet and Hill (1992), and by comparing the collected specimens to the material of The Natural History Museum, London. The novelty of a species for Tioman was checked by comparing our findings with the checklists published by Medway (1966a, 1966b), Lee et al. (1977) and the records published in the Malayan Nature Journal (Wells, 1986; Wells, 1990a, 1990b). Beside new records of three birds and four mammals for Tioman, a complete list of observed mammals and birds is given in the Appendix.
NEW RECORDS
AVES Temminck's Stint Calidris temmincki At the bank ofSungai Mentawak near its mouth, one specimen was seen feeding on 16 March, 1995. Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus Regularly seen for several days (13-16 March 1995) inland,at a small stream.
IDepartment of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1O88 Budapest, Baross u. 13, Hungary. 2Animal Ecology Research Group, of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1O88Budapest, Baross u. 13, Hungary, 3Eotvos J6zsef Secondary School, H-1O53 Budapest, Realtanoda u. 7, Hungary. 197
White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis One specimen hunted on 16 March 1995 at a small stream in the village.
MAMMALIA
Lesser false vampire bat Megaderma spasma A small colony of about 10 bats was found in a deserted house in the village on 16 March 1995. Another four individuals were discovered 2 kIn south of Juara, roosting between boulders. Lesser false vampire bats have already been recorded from several off-shore islands in Malaysia (Medway 1965). Big-eared horseshoe bat Rhinolophus macrotis Two females were mist-netted at the edge of the secondary forest. Since Hill's (1972) publication on the first record of this species, this is the only record of this rare bat 'in Malaysia. Bornean horseshoe bat Rhinolophus borneensis One female was caught at the sampe place and time as the specimens of the previous species. The Bornean horseshoe bat outside of Borneo and some adjacent islands has a scattered distribution and has been found in Con Son Island (Vietnam), Cambodia (Corbet and Hill 1992) and Perlis, Peninsular Malaysia (Zubaid, 1994) only. Horseshoe bat Rhinolophus stheno Bythe means of a series of mist-nets one female was caught in the village among the houses, and two more specimens at the edge of the secondary forest.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We are grateful for Dr. G.W.H. Davison for his kindness in providing rare publications, and other members of our expedition for their co-operation in the field. We would also like to thank the staff of the Mammal Collection, The Natural History Museum, London for access to their material. The study was supported by the National Scientific Research Fund (aTKA) grants F 17700, U 18724, and by funding provided by the Ministry of Culture and Education, Hungary.
REFERENCES
Alfred, E.A. (ed.) 1966. Observations on the Fauna of Pulau Tioman and Pulau Tulai. Bull. Nat. Mus. Singapore 34, 158 pp. Corbet, G.B. & Hill, J.E. 1992. The Mammals of the Indomalayan Region. Nat. Hist. Mus. Publications, Oxford University Press. Day, M. & Mowbray, T. (eds.) 1990. University of Bristol Tioman Archipelago Expedition, Peninsular Malaysia 1988. Unpublished Final Report. Hill, J.E. 1972. The Gunong Benom Expedition 1967; 4. New records of Malayan bats, with taxonomic notes and the description of a new Pipistrellus. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zoology 23 (3): 21-42. . King, B.P. & Dickinson, E.c. & Woodcock, M. 1975. Birds of South-East Asia. Harper Collins Publishers. Lee, D.W., Stone, B.c., Ratnasabapathy, M. & Tiang, KT. 1977. The Natural History ofPulau Tioman. Merlin Samudra Tioman Sdn. Bhd.
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Medway, Lord 1965. Identification of Malaysian cave bats. Malay. Nat. J. 19 (1): 88-107. Medway, Lord 1966a. The Mammals. pp. 9-32. In: Alfred, E.A. (ed.) Observations on the Fauna of Pulau Tioman and Pulau Tulai. Bull. Nat. Mus. Singapore 34. Medway, Lord 1966b. The Birds. pp. 39-52. In: Alfred, E.A. (ed.) Observations on the Fauna of Pulau Tioman and Pulau Tulai. Bull. Nat. Mus~ Singapore 34. Wells, D.R. 1986. Bird Report: 1980 and 1981. Malay. Nat. J. 39: 279-298. Wells, D.R. 1990a. Malayan Bird Report: 1982 and 1983. Malay. Nat. J. 43: 116-147. Wells, D.R. 1990b. Malayan Bird Report: 1986 and 1987. Malay. Nat. J. 43: 172-210. Zubaid, A. 1988. The Second Record of a Trident Horseshoe Bat, Aselliscus stoliczlamus (Hipposiderinae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Malay. Nat. J. 42: 29-30. Zubaid, A. 1994. Bornean Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus borneensisnewly recorded in Peninsular Malaysia. Malay. Nat. J. 48: 37-38.
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APPENDIX
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List of birds and mammals observed during the expedition in Pulau Tioman, Kampung Juara, 9-17 March 1995.
AVES
Calidris temmincki Egretta sacra Ixobrychus cinnamomeus Haliastur indus Haliaaetus leucogaster Amaurornis phoenicurus Treron vernans Ducula aenea Chalcophaps indica Alcedo atthis Halcyon symrnensis Halcyon chloris Eurystomus orientalis Hirundo tahitica Dicrurus paradiseus Oriolus chinensis Corvus macrorhynchos Copsychus saularis Orthotomus atrogularis Motacilla flava Acridotheres tristis Gracula religiosa Nectarinia jugularis Dicaeum trigonostigma Dicaeum cruentatum Lonchura striata MAMMALIA Crocidura fuliginosa Cynocephalus variegatus Pteropus hypomelanus Cynopterus spelaea Megaderma spasma Rhinolophus macrotis Rhinolophus lepidus Rhinolophus borneensis Rhinolophus stheno Rhinolophus afftnis Hipposideros bicolor Hipposideros larvatus Tupaia glis Macaca fascicularis Ratufa bicolor Callosciurus notatus Callosciurus nigrovittatus Petaurista petaurista Iomys horsfieldi Atherurus macrourus
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