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Problem 9.95

This document provides an analysis of parachute sizes needed to land an airplane safely. The analysis finds the minimum single and triple parachute sizes required, and generates a graph of speed over time and distance as the plane descends under parachutes.

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ddiegorj88
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11 views2 pages

Problem 9.95

This document provides an analysis of parachute sizes needed to land an airplane safely. The analysis finds the minimum single and triple parachute sizes required, and generates a graph of speed over time and distance as the plane descends under parachutes.

Uploaded by

ddiegorj88
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem 9.

95 [Difficulty: 3]

Given: Data on airplane landing


km km kg
M  9500 kg Vi  350  Vf  100  x f  1200 m CD  1.43 (Table 9.3) ρ  1.23
hr hr 3
m

Find: Single and three-parachute sizes; plot speed against distance and time; maximum "g''s

Solution:

Basic 1 2
FD  CD  ρ V  A
equations: 2 (Drag)

Assumptions: (1) Standard air


(2) Parachute behaves as open hemisphere
(3) Vertical speed is constant

dV 1 2
Newton's second law for the aircraft is M  CD  ρ A V
dt 2
where A and CD are the single parachute area and drag coefficient

dV CD ρ A
Separating variables   dt
2 2 M
V
Vi
Integrating, with IC V = Vi V( t)  (1)
CD ρ A
1  Vi t
2 M

2 M  CD ρ A 
Integrating again with respect to t x ( t)   ln 1   Vi t (2)
CD ρ A  2 M 

2 M Vi 
Eliminating t from Eqs. 1 and 2 x  ln
 (3)
CD ρ A  V 

To find the minimum parachute area we must solve Eq 3 for A with x = xf when V = Vf

2 M  Vi 
A  ln  (4)
CD ρ x f
 Vf 
For three parachutes, the analysis is the same except A is replaced with 3A, leading to

2 M  Vi 
A  ln  (5)
3  CD ρ x f
 Vf 
dV
2
dt CD ρ A V
The "g"'s are given by  which has a maximum at the initial instant (V = Vi)
g 2 M g

The results generated in Excel are shown below:

Single: Triple:
2
A = 11.4 m A = 3.8 m2
D = 3.80 m D = 2.20 m

"g "'s = -1.01 Max

t (s) x (m) V (km/hr)


0.00 0.0 350
2.50 216.6 279
5.00 393.2 232
7.50 542.2 199
10.0 671.1 174
12.5 784.7 154
15.0 886.3 139
17.5 978.1 126
20.0 1061.9 116
22.5 1138.9 107
24.6 1200.0 100

Aircraft Velocity versus Time

350
300
250
V (km/hr) 200
150
100
50
0
0 5 10 15 20 25
t (s)

Aircraft Velocity versus Distance

350

300

250

V (km/hr) 200
150

100

50

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
x (m)

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