Lesson 2

Evaluation of Limits of
Functions
OBJECTIVES:

• to evaluate limits of functions applying the given theorems

 1 1
12. lim 4 15. lim 5
x 0 x x 0 x

1 1 1 1
lim 4    lim 5   
x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0
1 1
13. lim 4 16. lim 5
x 0 x x 0 x

1 1 1 1
lim 4    lim 5   
x 0 x 0 x 0 x 0
1 1
14. lim 4   17. lim 5  
x 0 x x 0 x
 2 2 1
lim   and lim 
x 3 x 3 x 3 x3 3

 2 2    1 
then, lim              
x 3  x  3 x 3   3 
Note : Addition / Subtraction
    c  
    c  
 3x 2x  6 1
lim   and lim 
x2 x2 x2 x4 3
 3x 2 x  6    1 
then, lim             
x2  x  2 x4    3 

Note :
   c       c   
   c       c   
 x
IV. Find if the two-sided limits exist givenf(x)
x
.
SOLUTION
x x
lim  1 and lim  1
x o x x o x
1 
x x
sin ce the lim  lim
x o x x o x

 -1
then the two sided lim it does not exist
x
or lim does not exist.
x o x
V. Find if the two-sided limit exists and sketch the
graph of
6+x if x < -2 
g( x ) =  2 
x if x  -2
SOLUTION
a . lim g ( x )  lim 6  x  b. lim g( x )  lim x 2
x  2 x  2 x  2 x 2

6 2  - 2 
2

4 4
sin ce the lim g ( x)  lim g ( x)
x2 x2

then the two sided limit exist and is equal to 4

or lim
x2
g ( x)  4
 y

x
-6 -2 4
VI . If f ( x)  3  2 x  4 , det er min e if lim f(x) exist ,
x 2

and sketch the graph.

SOLUTION
a . lim f ( x )  lim 3  2 x  4 b. lim f ( x )  lim 3  2 x  4
x2 x2 x 2 x 2

 3  22   4  3  22   4
 3  3

since the lim f ( x)  lim f ( x) then the two sided limit exist
x 2 x2

and is equal to 3 or lim

x2
f ( x)  3
f(x)

(2,3)

x
2
a. Vertical Asymptote: b. Horizontal Asymptote:
Equate the denominator Divide both the numerator
to zero to solve for the and the denominator by the
vertical asymptote. highest power of x to solve for
x2 0 x  2 the horizontal asymptote.
Evaluate the limit as x
3 3 3
approaches 2 lim   
x 2 x  2 22 0

3 3 3 3
  
x  0 x 0
lim   0 lim 0
x  x 2 2 1 0 x  x

2
1
2 1 0
 1
x x  x x 

Thus, 0 is a horizontal asymptote.

Intercepts :

If x  0 , f  x  
3 3

02 2
3
If f( x )  0 , 0  ; 03
x2
therefore there is no x  int ercept
 3
f x 
x 2

HA:y=0
0
 3
 0 , 
  2

VA: x=2
a. Vertical Asymptote: b. Horizontal Asymptote:
x3 0  x  3 2x 1

2
2x  1 7 lim x x  2
lim   x  x

3 1
x 3 x  3 0 x x
 x  3 is a vertical asymptote  y  2 is a horizontal asymptote
Intercepts :
0 1
If x  0 , f  x  
1

03 3
2x  1 1
If f( x )  0 , 0  ; x
x3 2
 2x  1
f x  
x3

HA:y=2
o

VA:x=3