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Time Clauses and Conditionals

The document discusses different types of time clauses and conditional sentences in English grammar. It outlines the structure and examples of zero, first, second, and third conditional sentences using various tenses in the if-clause and main clause. Time clauses are also explained using conjunctions like when, until, and whenever followed by a present tense verb.

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120 views

Time Clauses and Conditionals

The document discusses different types of time clauses and conditional sentences in English grammar. It outlines the structure and examples of zero, first, second, and third conditional sentences using various tenses in the if-clause and main clause. Time clauses are also explained using conjunctions like when, until, and whenever followed by a present tense verb.

Uploaded by

arantxa quincha carrasco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Time Clauses

I’ll phone you when I get from work


Time clause (Present Simple)
When I get home, I’ll phone you.

When I have read this book, you can have it.


Time clause ( Present Perfect)

Other conjunctions:

- while (mientras)
- after (después de que)
- before (antes de que)
- until / till (hasta que)
- as soon as ( en cuanto)
- as (cuando)
- whenever (siempre que)

All these conjunctions are followed by a present tense, usually Present Simple.

Conditional Sentences

Zero Conditional
If – clause + Main clause

1. If -Present simple + Present Simple

If you press this button, the machine starts to work.


(Present Simple) (Present Simple)
(The machine starts to work if you press this button)

2. If - Present Simple + Imperative

If the red light is on, don’t speak.


(Present Simple) (Imperative)
(Don’t speak if the red light is on)
First Conditional

If- clause + Main clause

1. If - Present simple + will (+ infinitive)

If you drink more water, you will feel better

2. If – Modal (+ inf) + will (+ Inf) / Imperative

If you can find my wallet, I’ll buy you an ice-cream..


If you can find my wallet, let me know.

3. If- Present Perfect + will (+ Infinitive)/ Imperative

If you have finished eating, I’ll take your plate away.


If you have finished eating, do the washing up.

4. If – Present simple + Imperative

If you want to feel better, do more exercise.

5. If- Present Continuous + will (+ infinitive)

If you are working, I’ll call you later.

6. If – Present Simple + Be going to ( + infinitive)

If he doesn’t take care, he is going to have an accident.

- Remember! the position of the clauses can change:

If you want to feel better, do more exercise.


Do more exercise if you want to feel better.

- Unless (= if not): a menos que, a no ser que,


I won’t go to the party unless you come too.
I won’t go to the party if you don’t come.
Second Conditional

If- clause + Main Clause

1. If- Past simple + would (+ Infinitive)

If I had money, I would buy you a house.

2. If – Past Simple + could (+ Infinitive)

If I lived in Paris, I could learn French.

3. If – Past Simple + might (+ infinitive)

If I knew her phone number, I might invite her for the party.

- If I were you, ... (I / he / she / it were)


- Could / might : show less certainty about the result.

Third Conditional

If- clause + Main Clause

1. If- Past Perfect + would have (+ past participle)

If you had been here, you would have repaired it.

2. If – Past perfect + could have (+ past participle)

If he hadn’t had the accident, he could have played with us.

3. If – Past perfect + might have (+ past participle)

If he had studied more, he might have passed his exam.

- Could / might : show less certainty about the result.

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