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Springer Aerospace Technology

Luigi De Luca
Toru Shimada
Valery P. Sinditskii
Max Calabro Editors

Chemical
Rocket
Propulsion
A Comprehensive Survey of Energetic
Materials
Springer Aerospace Technology

[email protected]
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8613

[email protected]
Luigi T. DeLuca • Toru Shimada
Valery P. Sinditskii • Max Calabro
Editors

Chemical Rocket Propulsion

A Comprehensive Survey of Energetic
Materials

123
[email protected]
Editors
Luigi T. DeLuca Toru Shimada
Space Propulsion Laboratory (SPLab) Institute of Space and Astronautical
Department of Aerospace Science Science (ISAS)
and Technology Japan Aerospace Exploration
Politecnico di Milano Agency (JAXA)
Milan, Italy Sagamihara, Japan

Valery P. Sinditskii Max Calabro

Department of Chemical Engineering The Inner Arch
Mendeleev University Poissy, France
of Chemical Technology
Moscow, Russia

ISSN 1869-1730 ISSN 1869-1749 (electronic)

Springer Aerospace Technology
ISBN 978-3-319-27746-2 ISBN 978-3-319-27748-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-27748-6

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016941937

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of
the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,
broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information
storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology
now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book
are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or
the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any
errors or omissions that may have been made.

Printed on acid-free paper

This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature

The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland

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Preface

This book deals with energetic materials and their application to chemical rocket
propulsion as initially discussed at the 12th IWCP titled “New Energetic Materials
for Space Exploration.” This event was held at Politecnico di Milano (PoliMi),
Campus Bovisa, Milan, Italy, 9–10 June 2014 and was attended by about 200
participants from 20 countries. In total, 37 technical papers were offered, including
28 oral presentations and 9 poster papers. The Workshop was a unique gathering
and opportunity, where participants could freely discuss the future of chemical
rocket propulsion for access to, and exploration of, space. Distinguished scientists
and propulsion engineers from academia, government, and industry were invited to
attend. The official Group Photo of the Milan Workshop is shown as Fig. 1.
This book includes selected technical papers of high-quality presented at the
Workshop, with several additional papers invited from the relevant international
scientific community. All papers were accepted for publication only after passing
a careful and severe peer review process by two to five anonymous international
experts, according to the same comprehensive procedures employed by the most
qualified archival publications. Every printed paper has a DOI reference. Therefore,
this volume should not be considered an unfiltered collection of conference
proceedings but rather an advanced supplemental reading for graduate students,
lecturers, researchers, and scientists in academia or research centers, engineers, and
industrialists.
The International Workshop on Combustion and Propulsion (IWCP) series was
started in 1990 by the Space Propulsion Laboratory (SPLab) of Politecnico di
Milano as an attempt to bridge the gap between researchers of the Eastern and
Western blocs, which were until that time rigidly separated, in the broad areas of
combustion applications for propulsion and rocket propulsion. Conveniently located
between the two big countries, Italy has kept communication channels open between
American and Russian scientists, even during the hard times of global competition.
The IWCP series intends to promote free technical discussion and knowledge
exchange in a relaxed atmosphere. The meeting format was built in order to favor
detailed discussions among leading international researchers on selected areas of
interest, rather than formal presentations of final results by registered authors on

[email protected]
vi Preface

a wide range of topics. Plenary Lectures by outstanding speakers are meant to

offer a critical survey of specific themes and pave the way to detailed contributions
from the authors as well as general discussions within the audience. For quality
assurance, participation of lecturers/speakers/observers is normally restricted to
a small number of invited people internationally selected for their demonstrated
technical competence but also innovative vision or provocative approach. Serious
efforts are made to ensure that the results are readily and easily available to a wide
range of international readers, and the level of technical accuracy at all stages, from
paper presentations to written diffusion of results, is set at the highest professional
standards.
Although some of these features may have been diluted or adapted during the
years, the basic flavor has been kept. The attendance of worldwide renowned authors
in the meetings and timeliness of topics contained in the IWCP collection of events
prove the effectiveness and success of the series in advancing energetic material
combustion and rocket propulsion understanding.
The 12th IWCP addressed the current status in the field of energetic materials,
from the viewpoint both of formulation and related topics from rocket propulsion
to other applications. The workshop also looked for inspiring perspectives in a
number of areas related to the energetic materials specifically used in chemical
rocket propulsion.
Subsequently, the book will:
• Survey the current international status of energetic materials for propulsion
• Identify new promising ingredients for novel energetic materials formulation
• Provide an insight into powerful new energetic formulations under study at
world-wide advanced laboratories
• Provide some rarely accessible information from Russian and Chinese sources
• Recommend future directions for a wide range of themes, from chemical
propulsion to applications, resorting to energetic materials
• Offer the advantage of a common source for several topics treated in the book
but scattered in the open literature
• Discuss little-known propulsion topics such as gel propulsion, catalytic tech-
niques, and nanosized ingredients
The book is meant to offer a comprehensive survey of chemical rocket propulsion
from the energetic materials viewpoint. Thus, the whole “life-cycle” of energetic
materials is covered: from their conceptual formulation to practical manufacturing,
including theoretical and experimental ballistics as well as performance properties,
laboratory-scale and full system-scale, management (handling, storage, ageing,
hazards, impact, disposal, remediation), and so on. Each of the chapters shall focus
on one of main aspects, without however overlooking possible interactions with the
remaining issues. All topics are considered from a broad international viewpoint.
In order to offer readers a comprehensive survey of current technical problems, a
fine selection of accomplished experts from the pioneering era of space propulsion

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Preface vii

as well as of current technologists from some of the most advanced international

laboratories was put together and agreed to support this editorial initiative.
The whole collection of 45 accepted papers is structured in the following 11
book chapters with a common target of “advancing chemical propulsion systems by
addressing all aspects of propellants” (as expressed by an anonymous reviewer).
The book is opened by a collective introductory chapter that provides a consistent
theme for the volume and shows how distinctly different chapters fit into this
theme and cooperate to reach a common final goal. Such chapter was assembled by
collecting well-focused essays by internationally recognized experts in the covered
area, who briefly introduce each chapter. This introductory chapter will also help
in arousing the interest of potential readers and will hopefully prompt them to look
into individual chapters or papers.
It is our great pleasure to thank the following international reviewers for their
substantial help in raising the quality of the book. Without their efforts, the
publication of this volume would have been impossible:
Shalini Anand, Hiroshi Aoki, Hiroya Asakawa, Valery A. Babuk, M. Balduccini,
Yann Batonneau, L. Boccaletto, Manfred A. Bohn, Ch. Bonhomme, Ch. Bonnal,
Max Calabro, Leonard H. Caveny, S. Mary Celin, N. Cesco, Helmut Ciezki,
Adam S. Cumming, B. D’Andrea, E. D’Aversa, W.P.C. de Klerk, Luigi T. DeLuca,
Y. Fabignon, Go Fujii, Luciano Galfetti, S. Gallier, A. Gany, N.G. Glumac,
T.I. Gorbenko, J.F. Guéry, Dietrich Haeseler, Oskar J. Haidn, Stephen D. Heister,
Keiichi Hori, N. Ierardo, Charles Kappenstein, Arif Karabeyoğlu, Thomas M.
Klapötke, M.J. Klopfstein, A. Korotkikh, Bernard M. Kosowski, C.J. Lee, David
Lempert, Filippo Maggi, Anthony P. Manzara, K. Menke, Harunori Nagata, Ichiro
Nakagawa, Benveniste Natan, A. Neri, J. Neutz, O. Orlandi, Bryan A. Palaszewski,
D. Pavarin, Wei Qiang Pang, P. Pempie, Alla N. Pivkina, S. Peters, S. Petitot, Sergey
A. Rashkovskiy, Takashi Sakurai, Keisuke Sawada, H. Schöyer, Toru Shimada, Y.J.
Shu, Irina L. Simakova, Valery P. Sinditskii, Haridwar Singh, V.I. Trushlyakov, Ruth
Tunnell, D. Yagodnikov, N. Wingborg, Q.L. Yan, Vladimir E. Zarko, Feng Qi Zhao.
In addition, the technical language of many non-native English authors was
polished by Dr. Adam S. Cumming, Dr. Anthony P. Manzara, Mr. Bryan A.
Palaszewski, and Dr. Ruth Tunnell, who deserve special thanks for their patient and
generous assistance in the phase of paper revision. We would also like to thank all
the authors for their paper contribution and collaboration in following the format
specified by Springer International Publishing AG. Finally, special thanks are due
to Ms. Charlotte Cross for her continuous assistance in the many publishing issues
we had to face.
Further high-quality presentations were made at the Workshop by I.G. Assovskiy
(Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russia), P. Bellomi (Avio, Italy), E. Bucci
(Avio, Italy), Helmut Ciezki (DLR, Germany), Charles Kappenstein (University
of Poitiers, France), Bernard M. Kosowski (MACH I, USA), K.K. Kuo (Pennsyl-
vania State University, USA), Z. Mansurov (Institute of Combustion Problems,
Kazakhstan), M. Persson (ECAPS, Sweden), S. Schlechtriem (DLR, Germany),

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viii Preface

and N. Wingborg (FOI, Sweden). Unfortunately, these contributions could not

be included in the book, but the authors are greatly thanked for their active
participation. In addition to the several chapter authors listed in the Table of
Contents, further short contributions were provided by Dr. Chaoyang Zhang (China
Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, China), Dr. Qinghua Zhang
(China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, China), and Dr. Hao
Feng (Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China).
This book was started at Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy, by one of the editors
(Luigi T. DeLuca), continued after his retirement at Konkuk University, Seoul,
Korea, and finally completed at Nanjing University of Science and Technology,
Nanjing, China. Sincere thanks are due to both Konkuk University and Nanjing
University of Science and Technology for providing an excellent atmosphere and all
needed professional support. This opportunity is taken to thank also Ms. I. Palmucci,
Mr. D. Trache, Dr. Wei Qiang Pang, and Mr. Giovanni Colombo for their valuable
and continuous assistance during the entire Workshop organization and conduction.
We sincerely wish that this joint international effort will help all readers to gain
a better understanding of the puzzling intricacies and appealing secrets of energetic
materials as well as of the perplexing difficulties but also fascinating horizons of
space propulsion!
Sic itur ad astra (Virgil, Aeneid Book IX, line 641, 19 BC)

30 September 2015 The Volume Co-Editors

Milan, Italy Luigi T. DeLuca

Sagamihara, Japan Toru Shimada

Moscow, Russia Valery P. Sinditskii

Poissy, France Max Calabro

[email protected]
 Preface

[email protected]
Fig. 1 Group Photo 12th IWCP Workshop, PoliMi, Campus Bovisa, Milan, Italy, 9–10 June 2014
ix
 x

50
46 4849 51525354 55 56 5758 59 30 31 32 33 34 35 38 39 40
41
36 37
23 47 1 29 0
20 24 25 26 27 28 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 1 2 45
22 21 19 15 14 5 4 3 43 42
18 17 16
44

65 64 63 62 61 60
4

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12th IWCP Workshop – Identity of book contributors (editors, authors, and reviewers) and selected Workshop participants
(41) A. Annovazzi, (47) I.G. Assovskiy, (5) Valery A. Babuk, (62) L. Balasubramanyam, (21) P. Bellomi, (34) Manfred A. Bohn, (46) C. Bombardieri,
(36) E. Bucci, (2) M. Calabro, (58) C. Carmicino, (3) Shri M. Chandradathan, (30) Helmut Ciezki, (42) Giovanni Colombo, (59) Adam S. Cumming,
(57) N. de Backer, (1) Luigi T. DeLuca, (45) A. Di Biase, (29) L. Fanton, (50) Marco Fassina, (51) A. Franzin, (39) G. Fundarò, (43) Luciano Galfetti,
(33) Volker Gettwert, (24) Keiichi Hori, (63) S.R. Jangoan, (60) Charles Kappenstein, (37) Marcos A. Kettner, (27) Koki Kitagawa, (28) M. Kobald,
(15) Bernard M. Kosowski, (11) K.K. Kuo, (12) C.J. Lee, (4) S. Magham, (6) Z. Mansurov, (35) G. Marra, (20) O. Martos, (64) S. Muttangi, (55) F. Nasuti,
(49) M. Negri, (14) O. Orlandi, (19) Wei Qiang Pang, (54) D. Pastrone, (40) M. Persson, (17) G. Platova, (16) Yulii Platov, (38) F. Pochetti, (23) Z. Qin,
(44) H. Raina, (10) Sergey A. Rashkovskiy, (52) JAFF Rocco, (53) L. Rocco Jr., (25) R.Q. Shen, (22) T. Sgobba, (13) Toru Shimada, (7) Irina L. Simakova,
(8) Valery P. Sinditskii, (9) Haridwar Singh, (61) Y. Sundhari, (48) Pietro Tadini, (65) Elena Toson, (26) Alexander B. Vorozhtsov, (31) Volker Weiser,
(32) N. Wingborg, (18) Q.L. Yan, (56) Y.F. Zhao
Preface
Contents

Part I An Introduction to Energetic Materials for Propulsion

An Introduction to Energetic Materials for Propulsion .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Luigi T. DeLuca, Toru Shimada, Valery P. Sinditskii, Max Calabro,
and Anthony P. Manzara

Part II New Ingredients for Chemical Propulsion

Synthesis of New Oxidizers for Potential Use in Chemical
Rocket Propulsion .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Marcos A. Kettner and Thomas M. Klapötke
High-Nitrogen Energetic Materials of 1,2,4,5-Tetrazine
Family: Thermal and Combustion Behaviors. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Valery P. Sinditskii, Viacheslav Yu. Egorshev, Gennady F. Rudakov,
Sergey A. Filatov, and Anna V. Burzhava
Survey of New Energetic and Eco-friendly Materials
for Propulsion of Space Vehicles.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Haridwar Singh
Performance Additives for Hybrid Rockets .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Arif Karabeyoğlu
Introducing Tetrazole Salts as Energetic Ingredients
for Rocket Propulsion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Xuezhong Fan, Fuqiang Bi, Min Zhang, Jizhen Li, Weiqiang Pang,
Bozhou Wang, and Zhongxue Ge
Synthesis and Characterization of 3,4-bis
(3-fluorodinitromethylfurazan-4-oxy)furazan . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Lianjie Zhai, Bozhou Wang, Xuezhong Fan, Fuqiang Bi,
Peng Lian, Jizhen Li, and Weiqiang Pang

xi

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xii Contents

Part III Metals as Energetic Fuels for Chemical Propulsion

Prospects of Aluminum Modifications as Energetic Fuels
in Chemical Rocket Propulsion .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Luigi T. DeLuca, Filippo Maggi, Stefano Dossi, Marco Fassina,
Christian Paravan, and Andrea Sossi
Novel Micro- and Nanofuels: Production, Characterization,
and Applications for High-Energy Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Alexander B. Vorozhtsov, Alexander S. Zhukov,
Mansur Kh. Ziatdinov, Sergey S. Bondarchuk, Marat I. Lerner,
and Nikolay G. Rodkevich
Combustion Behavior of Aluminum Particles in ADN/GAP
Composite Propellants .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Volker Weiser, Andrea Franzin, Luigi T. DeLuca, Sebastian Fischer,
Volker Gettwert, Stefan Kelzenberg, Sebastian Knapp,
Angelika Raab, Evelin Roth, and Norbert Eisenreich
Laser Ignition of Different Aluminum Nanopowders for Solid
Rocket Propulsion .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Fengqi Zhao, Ergang Yao, Siyu Xu, Huixiang Xu, and Haixia Hao
Experimental Investigation of an Aluminized Gel Fuel Ramjet
Combustor . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Gilad Gafni, Alexander Kuznetsov, and Benveniste Natan

Part IV Solid Rocket Propulsion

Formulation Factors and Properties of Condensed Combustion
Products .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Valery A. Babuk
Energy and Combustion Characteristics of Propellants Based
on BAMO-GAP Copolymer .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Jiangfeng Pei, Fengqi Zhao, Ying Wang, Siyu Xu, Xiuduo Song,
and Xueli Chen
Synergistic Effect of Ammonium Perchlorate on HMX: From
Thermal Analysis to Combustion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Alla N. Pivkina, Nikita V. Muravyev, Konstantin A. Monogarov,
Valery G. Ostrovsky, Igor V. Fomenkov, Yury M. Milyokhin, and
Nickolay I. Shishov
Combustion of Solid Propellants with Energetic Binders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
Sergey A. Rashkovskiy, Yury M. Milyokhin,
and Alexander V. Fedorychev

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Contents xiii

Effects of Dual Oxidizers on the Properties of Composite Solid

Rocket Propellants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Wei Qiang Pang, Luigi T. DeLuca, Hui Xiang Xu, Xue Zhong Fan,
Feng Qi Zhao, and Wu Xi Xie

Part V Liquid and Gel Rocket Propulsion

Russian Engine Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
Dietrich Haeseler and Oskar J. Haidn
The Status of the Research and Development of LNG Rocket
Engines in Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
Hiroya Asakawa, Hideaki Nanri, Kenji Aoki, Isao Kubota,
Hatsuo Mori, Yasuhiro Ishikawa, Kenichi Kimoto, Shinji Ishihara,
and Shinichiro Ishizaki
Research and Development Activities on JAXA’s
Spacecraft Propulsion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489
Go Fujii and Hirohide Ikeda
High Shear Rheometry of Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine Gel . . . . . . 519
Mohan Varma

Part VI Hybrid Rocket Propulsion

Hybrid Propulsion Technology Development in Japan
for Economic Space Launch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545
Toru Shimada, Saburo Yuasa, Harunori Nagata, Shigeru Aso,
Ichiro Nakagawa, Keisuke Sawada, Keiichi Hori,
Masahiro Kanazaki, Kazuhisa Chiba, Takashi Sakurai,
Takakazu Morita, Koki Kitagawa, Yutaka Wada, Daisuke Nakata,
Mikiro Motoe, Yuki Funami, Kohei Ozawa, and Tomoaki Usuki
Internal Flow Characteristics and Low-Frequency Instability
in Hybrid Rocket Combustion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577
Kyung-Su Park, Yang Na, and Changjin Lee
Performance Analysis of Paraffin Fuels for Hybrid Rocket Engines . . . . . 605
Songqi Hu, Wu Guanjie, and Noor Fatima Rashid
Hybrid Combustion Studies on Regression Rate Enhancement
and Transient Ballistic Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627
Luciano Galfetti, Matteo Boiocchi, Christian Paravan,
Elena Toson, Andrea Sossi, Filippo Maggi, Giovanni Colombo,
and Luigi T. DeLuca

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xiv Contents

Part VII New Concepts in Chemical Propulsion

In-Space Chemical Propulsion System Roadmap . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655
Bryan A. Palaszewski, Michael L. Meyer, Les Johnson,
Dan M. Goebel, Harold White, and David J. Coote
Mapping of Aluminum Particle Dispersion in Solid Rocket
Fuel Formulations .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673
Arezoo Zare, Tres A. Harriman, Don A. Lucca, Silvia Roncalli,
Bernard M. Kosowski, Christian Paravan, and Luigi T. DeLuca
New Concept of Laser-Augmented Chemical Propulsion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689
Ruiqi Shen, Lizhi Wu, Zhao Qin, Xiaoyong Wang, and Nianbai He
Catalytic Aspects in the Synthesis of a Promising Energetic Material .. . 697
Irina L. Simakova and Valentin N. Parmon

Part VIII Life-Cycle Management of Energetic Materials

Environmental Aspects of Energetic Materials Use and Disposal . . . . . . . . 727
Adam S. Cumming
Overview and Appraisal of Analytical Techniques for Aging
of Solid Rocket Propellants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743
Ruth Tunnell
Aging Behavior of ADN Solid Rocket Propellants and Their
Glass-Rubber Transition Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 771
Manfred A. Bohn and Sara Cerri
Lessons Learned in the Thruster Tests of HAN . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801
Keiichi Hori
Physical Mechanisms of Upper Atmosphere Optical
Phenomena Associated with Rocket Engine Operation... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 819
Yulii V. Platov and Sergey Sh. Nikolayshvili
Green Technologies for the Safe Disposal of Energetic
Materials in the Environment.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835
Shalini Anand and S. Mary Celin

Part IX Space Launchers

Challenges in Manufacturing Large Solid Boosters. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863
Shri M. Chandradathan
Evaluating the Interest of New Propellants for the VEGA
Launch Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887
Max Calabro

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Contents xv

Overview of Research and Development Status of Reusable

Rocket Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 905
Makoto Yoshida, Toshiya Kimura, Tomoyuki Hashimoto,
Shinichi Moriya, and Satoshi Takada

Part X Further Applications of Energetic Materials

Some Civilian Applications of Solid Propellants.. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935
Vladica Bozic and Boris Jankovski
Novel Ammonium Nitrate-Based Formulations for Airbag Gas
Generation . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963
Shingo Date
Comparison of Chemical Propulsion Solutions for Large Space
Debris Active Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 985
Pietro Tadini, Urbano Tancredi, Michele Grassi, Carmen Pardini,
Luciano Anselmo, Toru Shimada, and Luigi T. DeLuca

Part XI History of Solid Rocket Propulsion in Russia

Highlights of Solid Rocket Propulsion History . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1015
Luigi T. DeLuca
Survey of Solid Rocket Propulsion in Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1033
Alexey M. Lipanov and Vladimir E. Zarko
The Contribution of the Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics
to the Science of Combustion: A Historical Review . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1055
Alexander A. Berlin, Yury V. Frolov, and Yury G. Isaevich
The Russian Missile Saga: Personal Notes from a Direct Participant.. . . 1069
George B. Manelis

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Short Biography

Luigi T. DeLuca
Professor of Aerospace Propulsion
Space Propulsion Laboratory, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
Timeline
• 2014: Retired (maximum age) with a 2-year part-time extension, Politecnico di
Milano, Milan, Italy
• 1989: Full Professor of Aerospace Propulsion, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
• 1983: Associate Professor of Aerospace Propulsion, Politecnico di Milano,
Milan, Italy
• 1976: Ph.D. Aerospace and Mechanical Sciences, Princeton University, Prince-
ton, NJ, USA, under the supervision of Prof. Martin Summerfield
• 1973: Assistant Professor of Aerospace Propulsion, Politecnico di Milano,
Milan, Italy
• 1967: Laurea Aeronautical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
Accolades
• 2015 Fall: Visiting Professor NUST (Nanjing University of Science and Tech-
nology), Nanjing, China
• 2015 Spring: Visiting Professor Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
• 2014: Honorary Fellowship by High-Energy Materials Society of India
(HEMSI), India
• 2013: Guest Professor NUST (Nanjing University of Science and Technology),
Nanjing, China
• 2010: Honorary Professor OmSTU (Omsk State Technical University), Omsk,
Russia
• 1998: Visiting Scholar, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan
• 1997: Visiting Scientist, CalTech, Pasadena, CA, USA
• 1993: Visiting Scholar, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
• 1977: Visiting Scientist, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA

xvii

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xviii Short Biography

Toru Shimada
Professor of Space Flight Systems
JAXA/ISAS Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Japan
Timeline
• 2006–Present: Professor, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, JAXA
• 2006–Present: Visiting Professor, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of
Engineering
• 2007–2003: Technical Manager of MuV Launch Vehicle Project, JAXA
• 2006–2000: Associate Professor, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science,
JAXA
• 2000–1985: Senior Engineer, Aerospace Division, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• 1985: Doctor of Engineering, University of Tokyo (Aeronautics)
• 1982: Master of Engineering, University of Tokyo (Aeronautics)
• 1980: Bachelor of Engineering, Kyoto University (Aeronautical Engineering)
Research
• Flow dynamics inside solid/hybrid rocket motor combustion chambers and
nozzles including internal ballistics, multiphase flows, ablation phenomena of
nozzle TPS, combustion instability, fuel/propellant regression rate modeling,
CFD for combustive, swirling, and turbulent flows.
• R&D for low-cost launch vehicle systems dedicated for nano/micro satellites,
using hybrid rocket engines

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Short Biography xix

Valery P. Sinditskii
Professor and Head of Department of Chemical Engineering
Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, Russia
Timeline
• 2008–Present: Dean of Chemical Engineering Department at Mendeleev Univer-
sity of Chemical Technology of Russia
• 1999–Present: Professor, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of
Russia
• 1999–Present: Head of Chair, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of
Russia
• 1999–1997: Associate Professor, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology
of Russia
• 1997–1984: Senior Researcher, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology
of Russia
• 1984–1981: Researcher, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of
Russia
• 1981–1976: Ph.D. in Chemistry, Academy of Science of USSR
• 1976: Graduated from Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry
Research
Energetic materials, synthesis, combustion, thermal decomposition, and application
Accolades
• 2013: Foreign honorary member of the High-Energy Materials Society of India
• 2012: Visiting professor of Beijing Institute of Technology, China
• 2010–Present: Associate editor of “International Journal of Energetic Materials
and Chemical Propulsion”
• 2010–Present: Editorial board of “Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves”
• 2002–Present Editorial board of “Central European Journal of Energetic
Materials”

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 xx Short Biography

Max Calabro
Consultant
Mechanical Engineer INSA, Lyon
Timeline
• 2004–Present: Consultant at “The Inner Arch” S.A.R.L.
• 2003–2002: ONU Inspector in Baghdad (UNMOVIC)
• 2002–1965: EADS
– 2002–1985: Chairman of the Steering Committee for Propulsion R&D
– 2001–1990: Head of the Propulsion Department
– 1982: In charge of Propulsion Design Team
– 1972: Management of rocket motor design and development
– 1973–1969: Studies on propulsion design for civil launchers and military
satellites propulsion system design
– 1969–1965: Development of the cryogenic engine HM 4, ancestor of the
HM7B
Memberships
• IAF (International Astronautic Federation) IPC Member
• Fellow Member and Vice-President of European Conference for Aerospace
Sciences (EUCASS)
• AIAA: Associated Fellow and SRTC Emeritus Member
• Member of IAA (International Astronautical Academy)
• AAAF Emerit. Member

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