VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY,

BELAGAVI

Mini Project Report

On
“AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM”
Submitted by
ALFIYA FARHAT 1EE20CS002
CHARU VAISHNAVI M 1EE20CS009
In partial fulfillment of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Under the guidance of

Guide: HOD:
Prof. Vani S Dr. Priti Mishra
Assistant professor Head,
Dept. of CSE Dept. of CSE

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

EAST WEST COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Yelahanka New Town, Bangalore-560064
2022-23
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Inspiration and guidance are valuable in all aspects of life, especially what is
academic. “Experience is the best teacher”, is an old saying. The satisfaction and pleasure that
accompany the gain of experience would be incomplete without mentioning the people who
made it possible.

We are extremely thankful and grateful to our guide VANI S, Assistant Professor, and
Department of Computer Science and Engineering. They being our guide has taken keen
interest in the progress of the Project work by providing facilities and guidance. We are indebted
to our guide for her inspiration, support and kindness showered throughout the course.

We express our heartfelt gratitude to our Project Co-Ordinator SHILPASHREE, Asst

Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering for providing the support for
making our Project work possible.

We express our profound sense of gratitude to Dr.Priti Mishra HOD, Department of

Computer Science and Engineering for giving us the opportunity to pursue our interest in our
Project work.

We express our special gratitude to our Principal Dr. Santhosh Kumar G and
Management for providing the resources and support for making our Project work.

Nevertheless, we express heartfelt thanks towards our parents, friends and teaching and
non-teaching staff of our college for their kind co-operation and encouragement which helped
us in the completion of our Project work.

ALFIYA FARHAT (1EE20CS002)

CHARU VAISHNAVI M(1EE20CS009)

 EAST WEST COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Yelahanka New Town, Bangalore-560064

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that ALFIYA FARHAT(1EE20CS002) &
CHARU VAISHNAVI M(1EE20CSOO9) of 5th semester B.E (Computer Science
& Engineering) has completed the Mini Project report on “AIRLINE
RESERVATION SYSTEM” in the partial fulfillment of MINI PROJECT prescribed
by Visvesvaraya Technological University during the academic year 2022-23.

Signature of HOD
Signature of Guide
Dr. Priti Mishra
Prof. Vani S
Head,
Assistant professor Dept. of CS&E,
Dept. of CS&E, EWCE, Bangalore
EWCE, Bangalore

Signature of External
1.

2.
 ABSTRACT

As the name suggest “Airline Reservation System” is a computerized system used

to store and retrieve information and conduct transaction related to air travel. The project is
aimed at exposing the relevance and importance of Airline Reservation System. It is projected
towards enhancing the relationship between customer and airline agencies through the use of
ARSs, and therapy making it convenient for the customer to book the flight as when they
require such that they can utilize this software to make reservations.

The main purpose of this software is to reduce the manual error involved in the airline
reservation system and make it convenient for customers to book the flights as when they
require such that such that they can utilize this software to make reservations, modify
reservations or cancel a particular reservation.

I
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SL.NO CHAPTER PAGE NO

1 INTRODUCTION 1
2 ANALYSIS 2-3
2.1 SYSTEM ANALYSIS 2
2.2 SYSTEM SPECIFICATION 3
3 DESIGN APPROACH 4-10
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN 4
3.2 DATAFLOW DIAGRAM 4-5
3.3 ER DIAGRAM 6-9
3.4 SCHEMA DIAGRAM 10-11
4 PROJECT MODULE 12-16
5 IMPLEMENTATION 17-26
6 TESTING 27-31
6.1 TEST CASES 31
7 RESULT ANALYSIS 32-36
8 CONCLUSION 37
9 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT 38
10 BIBILIOGRAPHY 39

II
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO PARTICULARS PAGE NO

3.1 DATAFLOW DIAGRAM OF AIRLINE 5
RESERVATION SYSTEM
3.3.1 ER DIAGRAM 8
3.4.1 SCHEMA DIAGRAM 10
7.1 HOME PAGE 32
7.2 ADMIN PAGE 32
7.3 USER LOGIN PAGE 33
7.4 CUSTOMER PAGE 33
7.5 USER CAN SEARCH FOR FLIGHTS 34
7.6 AVAILABLE FLIGHTS 34
7.7 ADD PASSENGER DETAILS 35
7.8 BOOKING SUCCESSFUL 35
7.9 BOOKING CANCELLED 36

III
 LIST OF TABLES

SL.NO NAMES PAGE NO

1 ADMIN 13
2 CUSTOMER 14
3 FLIGHT_ DETAILS 14
4 FREQUENT_ FLIER_ DETAILS 14
5 JET DETAILS 15
6 PASSENGER 15
7 PAYMENT_ DETAILS 15
8 TICKET_ DETAILS 16

IV
DBMS Mini Project Airline Reservation System

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
The “Airline Reservation System” (ARS) was one of the earliest changes
to improve efficiency. ARS eventually involved into the Computer Reservation System
(CRS), and then into Global Distribution System (GDS). The airline Industry created the
first GDS in the 1960s as a way to keep track flight schedules, availability, and prices.
An airline’s inventory contains all flights with their availability seats. The inventory of an
airline generally divided into services classes (Business or Economy class) for which
different prices and booking conditions apply.
ARS software is developed by many custom software development companies and
integrated into the website. It also helps in maximizing the revenue generation of the
airline companies in various ways. This system is also used by companies to keep track of
user preferences of regular travelers so that they can provide better service and give offers
to customer.

As the modern organizations are automated and computers are working as per the
instructions, It becomes essential for coordination of human beings, commodity and
computers in a modern organization. Airline reservation system makes the process of
reserving flights as simple and fast. This project keeps the record of flight tickets which is
issued by the administrative. Airline reservation system has two modules i.e., user and
admin. The “Airline Reservation System” has been developed to override the problems
prevailing in the practical manual system. This software is supported to eliminate and in
some case reduce the hardships faced by the existing system. Moreover the system is
designed for particular need for the airline to carry out operations in a smooth and
effective manner.

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CHAPTER 2

ANALYSIS
2.1 SYSTEM ANALYSIS
2.1.1 Existing system
Existing system is manual one in which we have developed with different protocol to
store the information like user details, route details, schedule details and class details who
are willing to book the seat for a flight. It is very difficult to maintain historical data.

DISADVANTAGES:
➢ Manually goes to the Airport and book his ticket.
➢ Downloading the ticket form as paper document, filling it manually and
submitting it at Airport.
➢ It is time consuming.
➢ It consumes lot of man power.
➢ It lacks data security.

2.1.2 Proposed System

The proposed system overcomes the drawbacks in the existing system. This ensures the
complete freedom for users, where user has his own system can login to this website and
can book his ticket, view timings and cancel his tickets.

ADVANTAGES:
➢ User friendliness provided in the application with various controls.
➢ It provides high level of security with different level of authentication.
➢ The system should provide help in managing different category.
➢ It will ensure data accuracy.
➢ Security to the confidential information.
➢ All the records will be efficiently maintained by SQL Database.
➢ Reduce the redundancy of making the entries of the activities which are done
manually.

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2.1.3 Objective of the System

The objective of the proposed project is

• The objective of the proposed project is

• To make accuracy and efficient calculations.
• To provide proper information briefly.
• To provide huge maintenance of records.
• Flexibility of transactions can be completed in time.
• To make the system safe, reliable, time saving, efficient and affordable.
• It manages the details if tickets, bookings, payments.
• Shows the information of booked tickets.
• It is easy to understand by the user and operator.
• It provides data security.

2.2 SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

2.2.1 Hardware Requirements:

• Pentium IV Processor
• 256 MB Ram
• 512 KB Cache Memory
• Hard disk 10 GB

2.2.2 Software Requirements:

• Operating System: Windows
• Web browser : Google Chrome, Mozilla, Opera
• Web-Technology : PHP
• Front-End : HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT
• Back-End : MySQL
• Web Server : Apache SERVER, XAMPP SERVER

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CHAPTER 3

DESIGN
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN
Design is the first step in the development phase for any techniques and principles for the
purpose of defining a device, a process or system in sufficient detail to permit its physical
realization. Once the software requirements have been analyzed and specified the
software design involves three technical activities-design, coding, implementation and
testing that are required to build and verify the software.
Design is a place where quality is fostered in development. Software design is a process
through which requirements is translated.

3.2 DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS

The DFD takes an input-process-output view of a system i.e., data objects flow into the
software, are transformed by processing elements, and resultant data objects flow out of
the software. Data objects represented by labelled arrows and transformation are
represented by circles also called as bubbles. DFD is presented in hierarchical fashion i.e.,
the first data flow model represents the system as a whole.

A context-level DFD for the system the primary external entities produce information for
use by the system and consume information generated by the system. The labelled arrow
represents data objects or object hierarchy. The DFD enables the software engineer to
develop models of the information domain and functional domain at the same time. As
the DFD is refined into grater levels of details, the analyst performs an implicit functional
decomposition of the system. At the same time, DFD refinement results in a
corresponding refinement of the data as it moves through the process that embody the
applications.

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RULES OF DFD:
✓ Fix the scope of the system by means of context diagrams.
✓ Organize the DFD so that the main sequence of the actions.
✓ Reads left to right and top to bottom.
✓ Identify all inputs and outputs.
✓ Identify and label each process internal to the system with rounded circles.
✓ A process is required for all the data transformation and Transfers. Therefore
never connect a data store to a data Source or the destinations or another data
source with just a data flow arrow.
✓ Do not indicate hardware and ignore control information.

Figure.3.1: Dataflow/Context diagram of Airline Reservation

System.
• The dataflow or the context diagram contains the information on schedules and
also contains a database of reservations (passengers records) and of ticket issued.
• The customer login to website using customer id then searches for the availability
of flights then books for the flight and becomes passenger, pays for the ticket and
next can be proceeded for transactions. If they want to cancel the ticket they can
do it easily.

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3.3 E-R DIAGRAMS

The entity relationship(ER) model was originally was proposed by Peter in 1976
[Chen76] as was to unify the network and relational database views. Simply stated the ER
model is a conceptual data model that views the real world as entities and relationships.

An Entity Relationship Model (ERM), in software engineering is an abstract and

conceptual representation of data.

Connectivity and Cardinality:

The basic types of connectivity for relations are:
• One-to-one
• One-to-many
• Many-to-many
A one-to-one (1:1) relationship is when at most one instance of an entity A is associated
with one instance of entity B. For example, “employees in the company are each assigned
their own office. For each employee there exists a unique office and for each office their
exists a unique employee.”
The implementation of this one-to-one relationship in airline reservation system is:
• The Passengers looks for the Ticket_ details.
• The Passengers makes the Payment.
• The Customer books as Passengers.
A one-to-many (1:N) relationships is when for one instance of entity A, there are zero,
one, or many instances of entity B, but for one instance of entity B, there is only one
instance of entity A. For example,” a department has many employees, each employee is
assigned to one department.”
The implementation of this one-to-many relationship in airline reservation system is:
• The Admin checks for the Frequent_ Flier_ Details.
• The Admin edits the Jet_ Details.
• The Admin views Passengers.
• The Flight_ Details consists of Jet_ Details.
A many-to-many (M:N) relationship, sometimes called non-specific, is when for on
instance of entity A, there are zero, one, or many instance of entity B and for one instance
of entity B there are zero, one, or many instance of entity. The connectivity of a
relationship describes the mapping of associated.
• M no of customers can view N no of flight details.

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COMPONENTS OF ER MODEL:
This model is based on 3 concepts:

• Entity is the thing which we want to store the information. It is an elementary

basic building block of storing information. About business process. An entity
represents and object defined within the information system about which you want
to store information. Entities are distinct things in the enterprise. Entities are
represented by labeled rectangles.

• A relationship is a named collection or association between entities or used to

relate two or more entities with some common attributes or meaningful interaction
between the objects. Relationships are represented by labeled diamond.

• Attributes are the properties of the entities and relationship, descriptor of the
entity. Attributes are elementary pieces of information attached to an entity. The
attribute is used to describe the property of an entity. Eclipse is used to represent
an attribute.

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ER DIAGRAM:

Figure.3.3.1: ER Diagram

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• The ER diagram of Airline Reservation System consists of 8 entities i.e., Admin,

Customer, Flight details, frequent_ flier_ details, Passengers, payment_ details,
ticket_ details.
• The each entities are related to each other by means of some relations such as one
to one, one to many, many to many relationships.
• The Admin checks for the Frequent_ flier_ Details (1:N).
• The Admin views passengers (1:N).
• The Admin edits the jet_ details (1:N).
• The Customer books as the Passenger(1:1).
• The passenger pays payment (1:1).
• The passenger looks for the ticket_ details (1:1).
• The flight_ details consists of jet_ details. (1 : N).
• The customer checks for the flight_ details (M : N).
• The Attributes are the descriptor of the entity and are elementary pieces of
information attached to each of the entity.
• The each entity has the unique primary key and also foreign keys are present.

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SCHEMA DIAGRAM:

Figure.3.4: Schema Diagram

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DESCRIPTION:
• The design of the database is called a schema. This tells us about the structural
view of the database. It gives us an overall description of the database. A
database schema defines how the data is organised using the schema diagram.
• A schema diagram is a diagram which contains entities and the attributes that
will define that schema. A schema diagram only shows us the database design. It
does not show the actual data of the database. Schema can be a single table or it
can have more than one table which is related. The schema represents the
relationship between these tables.

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CHAPTER 4

PROJECT MODULES
• Admin Panel
• User Panel
Admin Panel:
i. Dashboard
ii. List of booked tickets
iii. Add flight schedules
iv. Delete flight schedules
v. Add aircrafts

vi. Activate aircraft

vii. Deactivate aircrafts

Dashboard
▪ In this section, admin can briefly view total number of tickets booked

List of booked tickets

▪ In this section, admin can view total number of tickets booked in a day, yesterday
and the last seven days.

Add flight schedules

▪ In this section, admin can manage the flight schedules.(add)

Delete flight schedules

▪ In this section, admin can delete the flight schedules.(delete)
Add aircrafts
▪ In this section, admin can add aircrafts.

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Activate aircrafts
▪ In this section, admin can activate aircrafts.

Deactivate aircrafts
▪ In this section, admin can deactivate aircrafts.

User panel:
i. Home page
ii. Book tickets
iii. About us
iv. Contact us

Home page
You can visit login page.

Book tickets
User can book their flight tickets.

About us
User views the details of website administrator.

Contact us
User can contact the website administrator.

DATABASE TABLE

1. Admin Table

# Name Type
1 admin_id varchar(20)
2 Pwd varchar(30)
3 staff_id varchar(20)
4 Name varchar(20)
5 Email varchar(35)

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2. Customer Table

# Name Type
1 customer_id varchar(20)
2 Pwd varchar(20)
3 Name varchar(20)
4 Email varchar(35)
5 phone_no varchar(15)
6 Address varchar(35)

3. Flight Details Table

# Name Type
1 flight_no varchar(10)
2 from_city varchar(20)
3 to_city varchar(20)
4 departure_date Date
5 arrival_date Date
6 departure_time Time
7 arrival_time Time
8 seats_economy int(5)
9 seats_business int(5)
10 price_economy int(10)
11 price_business int(10)
12 jet_id varchar(10)

4. Frequent_flier_Details Table

# Name Type
1 frequent_flier_no varchar(20)
2 customer_id varchar(20)
3 Mileage int(10)

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5. Jet_Details Table
# Name Type
1 jet_id varchar(10)
2 jet_type varchar(20)
3 total_capacity int(5)
4 Active varchar(5)

6. Payment_Details Table

# Name Type
1 payment_id varchar(20)
2 Pnr varchar(15)
3 payment_date Date
4 payment_amount int(6)
5 payment_mode varchar(15)

7. Passengers Table

# Name Type
1 passenger_id int(10)
2 Pnr varchar(15)
3 Name varchar(20)
4 Age int(3)
5 Gender varchar(8)
6 meal_choice varchar(5)
7 frequent_flier_no varchar(20)

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8. Ticket_details Table
# Name Type
1 Pnr varchar(15)
2 date_of_reservation Date
3 flight_no varchar(10)
4 journey_date Date
5 Class varchar(10)
6 booking_status varchar(20)
7 no_of_passengers int(5)
8 lounge_access varchar(5)
9 priority_checkin varchar(5)
10 Insurance varchar(5)
11 payment_id varchar(20)
12 customer_id varchar(20)

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CHAPTER 5

IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation is the stage where the theoretical design is turned into a working system.
The most crucial stage in achieving a new successful system and in giving confidence on
the new system for the users that it will work efficiently and effectively. The system can
be implemented only after thorough testing is done and if is found to work according to
the specification.

It involves careful planning, investigation of the current system and its constraints on
implementation, design of methods to achieve the changeover and an evaluation of
change over methods a part from planning. Two major tasks of preparing the
implementation are education and training of the users and testing of the system.
The more complex the system being implemented, the more involved will be the system
analysis and design effort required just for implementation.
The implementation phase comprises of several activities. The required hardware and
software acquisition is carried out.

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TABLE CREATION:

CREATE TABLE `admin` (

`admin_id` varchar(20) NOT NULL,

`pwd` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`staff_id` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(35) DEFAULT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE `customer` (

`customer_id` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`pwd` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(35) DEFAULT NULL,
`phone_no` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
`address` varchar(35) DEFAULT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE `frequent_flier_details` (

`frequent_flier_no` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`customer_id` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`mileage` int(10) DEFAULT NULL
);

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CREATE TABLE `flight_ details` (

`flight_no` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
`from_city` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`to_city` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`departure_date` date NOT NULL,
`arrival_date` date DEFAULT NULL,
`departure_time` time DEFAULT NULL,
`arrival_time` time DEFAULT NULL,
`seats_economy` int(5) DEFAULT NULL,
`seats_business` int(5) DEFAULT NULL,
`price_economy` int(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`price_business` int(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`jet_id` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE `jet_details` (
`jet_id` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
`jet_type` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`total_capacity` int(5) DEFAULT NULL,
`active` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE `passengers` (
`passenger_id` int(10) NOT NULL,
`pnr` varchar(15) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(3) DEFAULT NULL,
`gender` varchar(8) DEFAULT NULL,
`meal_choice` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
`frequent_flier_no` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL);

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CREATE TABLE `payment_ details` (

`payment_id` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`pnr` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
`payment_date` date DEFAULT NULL,
`payment_amount` int(6) DEFAULT NULL,
`payment_mode` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL
)
CREATE TABLE `ticket_details` (
`pnr` varchar(15) NOT NULL,
`date_of_reservation` date DEFAULT NULL,
`flight_no` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`journey_date` date DEFAULT NULL,
`class` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`booking_status` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`no_of_passengers` int(5) DEFAULT NULL,
`lounge_access` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
`priority_checkin` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
`insurance` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
`payment_id` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`customer_id` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL
);

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ALTERATION OF TABLE:

ALTER TABLE `admin`

ADD PRIMARY KEY (`admin_id`);

ALTER TABLE `customer`

ADD PRIMARY KEY (`customer_id`);

ALTER TABLE `flight_details`

ADD PRIMARY KEY (`flight_no`,`departure_date`),
ADD KEY `jet_id` (`jet_id`);

ALTER TABLE `frequent_flier_details`

ADD PRIMARY KEY (`frequent_flier_no`),
ADD KEY `customer_id` (`customer_id`);

ALTER TABLE `jet_details`

ADD PRIMARY KEY (`jet_id`);

ALTER TABLE `passengers`

ADD PRIMARY KEY (`passenger_id`,`pnr`),
ADD KEY `pnr` (`pnr`),
ADD KEY `frequent_flier_no` (`frequent_flier_no`);

ALTER TABLE `payment_details`

ADD PRIMARY KEY (`payment_id`),
ADD KEY `pnr` (`pnr`);

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ALTER TABLE `ticket_ details`

ADD PRIMARY KEY (`pnr`),
ADD KEY `customer_id` (`customer_id`),
ADD KEY `journey_date` (`journey_date`),
ADD KEY `flight_no` (`flight_no`),
ADD KEY `flight_no_2` (`flight_no`,`journey_date`);

ALTER TABLE `flight_details`

ADD CONSTRAINT `flight_details_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`jet_id`) REFERENCES
`jet_details` (`jet_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;

ALTER TABLE `frequent_flier_details`

ADD CONSTRAINT `frequent_flier_details_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`customer_id`)
REFERENCES `customer` (`customer_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;

ALTER TABLE `passengers`

ADD CONSTRAINT `passengers_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`pnr`) REFERENCES
`ticket_details` (`pnr`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
ADD CONSTRAINT `passengers_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`frequent_flier_no`)
REFERENCES `frequent_flier_details` (`frequent_flier_no`) ON UPDATE CASCADE;

ALTER TABLE `payment_details`

ADD CONSTRAINT `payment_details_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`pnr`) REFERENCES

`ticket_details` (`pnr`) ON UPDATE CASCADE;

ALTER TABLE `ticket_details`

ADD CONSTRAINT `ticket_details_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`customer_id`) REFERENCES

`customer` (`customer_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
ADD CONSTRAINT `ticket_details_ibfk_3` FOREIGN KEY (`flight_no`,`journey_date`)
REFERENCES `flight_details` (`flight_no`, `departure_date`) ON DELETE SET NULL ON
UPDATE CASCADE;

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Database Connection:

<?php
DEFINE('DB_USER','root');
DEFINE('DB_PASSWORD','');
DEFINE('DB_HOST','localhost');
DEFINE('DB_NAME','airline_reservation');

$dbc=mysqli_connect(DB_HOST,DB_USER,DB_PASSWORD,DB_NAME)
OR dies('Could not connect to MySQL:' .
mysqli_connect_error());
?>
Admin login page:

<?php

session_start();
?>
<html>
<head>
<title>
Welcome Administrator
</title>
<link rel="stylesheet"type="text/css"href="css/style.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet"href="font-awesome-4.7.0\css\font-
awesome.min.css">
</head>
<body>
<imgclass="logo"src="images/shutterstock_22.jpg"/>
<h1 id="title">
GO BY AIR AIRLINES
</h1>
<div>
<ul>
<li><a href="admin_homepage.php"><iclass="fa fa-
home"aria-hidden="true"></i> Home</a></li>
<li><a href="admin_homepage.php"><iclass="fa fa-
desktop"aria-hidden="true"></i> Dashboard</a></li>
<li><a href="logout_handler.php"><iclass="fa fa-sign-
out"aria-hidden="true"></i> Logout</a></li>

</ul>

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</div>
<h2>Welcome Administrator!</h2>
<table cellpadding="5">
<tr>

<td class="admin_func"><a href="admin_view_booked_tickets.php"><iclass="fa fa-

plane"aria-hidden="true"></i> View List of Booked Tickets for a Flight</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="admin_func"><a
href="add_flight_details.php"><iclass="fa fa-plane"aria-hidden="true"></i> Add Flight
Schedule Details</a>
</td>
</tr>
<!--<tr>
<td class="admin_func"><a
href="modify_flight_details.php"><i class="fa fa-plane" aria-hidden="true"></i> Modify
Flight Schedule Details</a>
</td>
</tr> -->
<tr>
<td class="admin_func"><a
href="delete_flight_details.php"><iclass="fa fa-plane"aria-hidden="true"></i> Delete
Flight Schedule Details</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="admin_func"><a
href="add_jet_details.php"><iclass="fa fa-plane"aria-hidden="true"></i> Add Aircrafts
Details</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="admin_func"><a
href="activate_jet_details.php"><iclass="fa fa-plane"aria-hidden="true"></i> Activate
Aircraft</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>

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<td class="admin_func"><a
href="deactivate_jet_details.php"><iclass="fa fa-plane"aria-hidden="true"></i>
Deactivate Aircraft</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

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QUERIES USED:

Some of the queries used in our project are:

For Update:

$query="UPDATE Ticket_Details SET booking_status='CANCELED' WHERE pnr=?

and customer_id=?";

For Insertion:

$query="INSERT INTO Flight_Details

(flight_no,from_city,to_city,departure_date,arrival_date,departure_time,arrival_time,seats
_economy,seats_business,price_economy,price_business,jet_id) VALUES
(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";

For Selection:

$query=SELECT count(*) FROM Jet_Details WHERE jet_id=? and active=’'Yes";

For Deletion:

$query="DELETE FROM Flight_Details WHERE flight_no=? AND departure_date=?";

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CHAPTER 6

TESTING
Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error. Testing is
a crucial element of software quality assurance and presents ultimate review of
specification, design and coding. System testing is an important phase. Testing represents
an interesting anomaly for software. Thus a series of testing are performed for the
proposed system before the system is ready for user acceptance testing.
A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding an as undiscovered error.
A successful test is one that uncovers an as undiscovered error.

Testing objectives:
➢ Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.
➢ A good test case is one that that has a high probability of finding an as yet
undiscovered error.
➢ A successful test is one that uncovers an as undiscovered error.

Testing Principles:
➢ All test should be traceable to end user requirements.
➢ Test should be planned long before testing begins.
➢ Testing should begin on a small scale and progress towards testing is large.
➢ Exhaustive testing is not possible.
➢ To be most effective testing should be conducted by a independent third party.

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Two different techniques to accomplish these objectives:-

a) White- box testing
Focuses on the program structure. Test cases are derived to ensure that all statements in
the program have been executed at least once during testing and that all logical conditions
have been executed.

b) Black-box testing
Designed to validate functional requirements without regard to the internal workings of a
program. Mainly focuses on the information domain of the software, deriving test cases
by partitioning input and output in a manner that provides through test coverage.

Testing strategies:
A strategy for software testing must accommodate low-level tests that are necessary to
verify that all small source code segment has been correctly implemented as well as high-
level tests that validate major system functions against customer requirements.

Testing fundamentals:
Testing is a process of executing program with the intent of finding error. A good test
case is one that has a high probability of finding an as undiscovered error

Testing information flow:

Information flow for testing flows the pattern. Two classes of input provided to test the
process. The software configuration includes a software requirement, a design
specification and source code.

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Unit testing:
Unit testing is essential for the verification of the code produced during the coding phase
and hence the goal is to test the internal logic of the modules. Using the detailed design
description as a guide, important paths are tested to uncover errors with in the boundary
of the modules.
All units of Vienna SQL were successfully tested.

Integration testing:
Integration testing focuses on unit tested modules and build the program structure that is
dictated by the design phase.

System testing:
System testing tests the integration of each module in the system. It also tests to find
discrepancies between the system and its original objective, current specification and
system documentation. The primary concern is the compatibility of individual modules.

Acceptance testing:
This testing is done to verify the readiness of the system for the implementation.
Acceptance testing begins when the system is complete. Its purpose is to provide the end
user with the confidence that the system is ready for use. It involves planning and
execution of functional tests, performance tests and stress tests in order to demonstrate
that the implemented system satisfies its requirements .

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Uses of testing:

1. Verify that there is a portal to add new flights in the system.

2. Verify that on filling flight details like flight name, code, from and to destinations,
capacity, timings, and frequency etc, new flights get successfully added in the
system.

3. Verify that users can search for flights by name, from-to airports or flight code for
checking their status and timings.

4. Verify that search results have flight details, timings and availability.

5. Verify that clicking the search results open complete details for flight.

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6.1 Test cases:

Test cases are derived to ensure that all statements in the program have been executed at
least once during testing and that all logical conditions have been execute. Using white-
box testing methods, the software engineer can drive test

Cases that.
1. Guarantee that logical decisions on their true and false sides.
2. Exercise all logical decisions on their true and false sides.
3. Execute all loops at their boundaries and within their operational bounds.
4. Exercise internal data structure to assure their validity.

The test case specification for system testing has to be submitted for review before system
testing commences.

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CHAPTER 7
RESULT ANALYSIS

Figure.7.1: The Home Page

It is the main webpage, always shown in a web browser when the application starts up.

Figure.7.2: Admin page

The admin has the above following options

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DBMS Mini Project Airline Reservation System

Figure.7.3: User login page

Login available for user for the application with special rights to control.

Figure.7.4: Customer page

The user can search for flight. The user can enter the required details and then the user is
redirected to the page showing available flights.

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Figure.7.5: User can search for flights.

The user can search for the flights.

Figure.7.6: Available Flights

The user is promoted to enter the details of the passengers. After clicking on the pay
button, the booking is deemed successfully.

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DBMS Mini Project Airline Reservation System

Figure.7.7: Add Passenger Details

The passengers can add the details required.

Figure.7.8: Booking Successful

Ticket is booked once the payment is done.

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Figure.7.9: Booking Cancelled

Ticket can be cancelled.

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Conclusion

➢ To conclude the description about this project, the project is developed using PHP
and MYSQL and is based on the requirement specification of the analysis of the
existing system, with flexibility for future enhancement.

➢ The expanded functionality of today’s software requires an appropriate approach

towards software development. This airline ticket reservation system is designed
for people who want to book tickets to fly to different places.

➢ The number of tickets are increasing which increases the paper work and manual
work. Hence there is a lot of strain on the people who are working to book the
tickets and software’s are not usually used in this context. This particular project
deals with the problems on booking the flight tickets and avoids the problems
which occur when carried manually.

➢ Identification of the drawbacks of the existing system leads to the designing of

computerized system, which is compatible to the existing system. The
computerized system is more user friendly and GUI oriented. Thus, automation of
the entire system improves the efficiency. the system has adequate scope for
modification in future if it is necessary.

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FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

In future, the Airline reservation system can extend its features by:

✓ Adding scope to the online email confirmation features.

✓ Mobile SMS notification.

✓ Online payment facility.

✓ Cleaning and monitoring tab can be added.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

WEBSITE:

https://www.w3schools.com

https://www.youtube.com

https://stackoverflow.com

https://www.tutorialspoint.com

https://www.phptpoint.com

https://www.google.co.in/

https://www.gist.github.com

https://www.datainflow.com

https://www.codeproject.co

https://en.wikipedia.org

BOOKS:

By Jon Duckett “java Script and jQuery: Interactive Front-End Web Development”.

By Josephine Bush “SQL The Completed Reference”, 3rd Edition.

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