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Assignment - Condenser and Nozzle-1

The document contains several numerical problems related to steam condensers and steam nozzles. It provides key parameters and conditions for calculating variables like corrected vacuum, vacuum efficiency, undercooling, condenser efficiency, steam flow rates, nozzle throat and exit areas, and more. The problems cover concepts like isentropic flow, equilibrium flow, supersaturated flow, and involve calculations using steam tables.

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Harshil Chaddha
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
143 views

Assignment - Condenser and Nozzle-1

The document contains several numerical problems related to steam condensers and steam nozzles. It provides key parameters and conditions for calculating variables like corrected vacuum, vacuum efficiency, undercooling, condenser efficiency, steam flow rates, nozzle throat and exit areas, and more. The problems cover concepts like isentropic flow, equilibrium flow, supersaturated flow, and involve calculations using steam tables.

Uploaded by

Harshil Chaddha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Steam Condenser Numerical

1. The following readings are recorded during a test on a steam condenser: vacuum in
condenser 71.5 cm of Hg, barometer reading 76.5cm of Hg, mean temperature of
condenser 33°C, hot well temperature 29°C, inlet temperature of cooling water 9°C,
outlet temperature of cooling water 26.5°C. Calculate (i) Corrected vacuum to
standard barometer, (ii) vacuum efficiency, (iii) under-cooling of the condensate, and
(iv) Condenser Efficiency.
2. In a condenser, vacuum gauge reads 71.5 cm of Hg while barometer reads 75.5 cm of
Hg. The temperature of condenser is 250C. Determine i) the pressure of steam and air,
ii) mass of air per kg of steam and iii) corrected vacuum to standard barometer and iv)
vacuum efficiency.
3. A condenser deals with 900 kg of steam per hour with dryness fraction of 0.9. The
temperature of condenser is 400C. The air associated with steam in the condenser is
200 kg/hr. Determine, the vacuum reading while barometer reads 75.5 cm of Hg.
Correct this vacuum to a standard barometer reading of 76 cm of Hg.
4. The following data are recorded during a test on a steam condenser; vacuum in
condenser 71 cm of Hg, barometer reading 76.5 cm of Hg. Mean temperature of
condenser 350C, hot well temperature 280C, inlet temperature of cooling water 8.50C,
outlet temperature of cooling water 25.60C, and condensate collected 1900 kg/hr and
cooling water quantity 59500 kg/hr. Calculate i) corrected vacuum to standard
barometer ii) vacuum efficiency iii) undercooling of condensate iv) condenser
efficiency v) quantity of steam entering the condenser and vi) mass of air present in
per m3 of condenser volume and per kg of uncondensed steam.
5. A 175 kW steam engine consumes 9 kg of steam per kWh. The back pressure of
engine and the condenser pressure are equal to 0.15 bar. The temperature of cooling
water at the inlet and outlet are 150C and 280C respectively. The temperature of
condensate is 290C. Determine the quantity of cooling water required per hour if
steam exhausted to the condenser is dry saturated.
Steam Nozzle Numericals
1. Steam at 10.5 bar and 0.95 dryness is expanded through a convergent divergent
nozzle. The pressure of steam leaving the nozzle is 0.85 bar. Find i) velocity of steam
at throat for maximum discharge, ii) the area at exit iii) steam discharge if the throat
area is 1.2 cm2. Assume the flow is isentropic and there are no friction losses. Take n=
1.135.
2. Dry saturated steam at 2.8 bar is expanded through a convergent nozzle to 1 .7 bar.
The exit area is 3 cm2. Calculate the exit velocity and mass flow rate for, i) isentropic
expansion ii) supersaturated flow.
3. Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 8 bar enters a C-D nozzle and leaves it a pressure
of 1.5 bar. If the steam flow process is isentropic and if the corresponding expanding
index is 1.135, Find the ratio of cross sectional area at exit and throat for maximum
discharge.
4. Steam enters a group of CD nozzles at 21 bars and 270℃. The discharge pressure of
the nozzle is 0.07 bars. The expansion is equilibrium throughout and the loss of
friction in convergent portion of the nozzle is negligible, but the loss by friction in the
divergent section of the nozzle is equivalent to 10% of the enthalpy drop available in
that section. Calculate the throat and exit area to discharge 14 kg/sec of steam.
5. Calculate he throat and exit area of a nozzle to expand air at the rate of 4.5 kg/s from
8.8 bar and 3270C into space at 1.30 bar. Neglect inlet velocity and assume the
isentropic flow.
6. Steam enters a CD nozzle at 11 bar dry saturated at the rate of 0.75 kg/s and expands
isentropically to 2.7 bar. Neglecting the initial velocity and assume the expansion to
follows PV1.135 = Constant; calculate i) area of nozzle throat ii) area of nozzle exit.
7. Steam at 20 bar and 2400C expands isentropically to a pressure of 3 bar in a CD
nozzle. Calculate mass flow rate per unit exit area i) assuming equilibrium flow ii)
assuming supersaturated flow. For the supersaturated flow assume the process follows
the law PV1.3 = Constant.

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