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NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12

PHYSICAL SCIENCES: PHYSICS (P1)

NOVEMBER 2016

MARKS: 150

TIME: 3 hours

This question paper consists of 16 pages and 3 data sheets.

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Write your centre number and examination number in the appropriate spaces
on the ANSWER BOOK.

2. This question paper consists of 10 questions. Answer ALL the questions in

the ANSWER BOOK.

3. Start EACH question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK.

4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.

5. Leave ONE line between two subquestions, for example between

QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2.

6. You may use a non-programmable calculator.

7. You may use appropriate mathematical instruments.

8. You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS.

9. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations.

10. Round off your final numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places.

11. Give brief motivations, discussions et cetera where required.

12. Write neatly and legibly.

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QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Write
down the question number (1.1–1.10), choose the answer and make a cross (X) over
the letter (A–D) of your choice in the ANSWER BOOK.

EXAMPLE:

1.11 A B C D

1.1 The tendency of an object to remain at rest or to continue in its uniform

motion in a straight line is known as …

A inertia.

B acceleration.

C Newton's Third Law.

D Newton's Second Law. (2)

1.2 The mass of an astronaut on Earth is M. At a height equal to twice the radius
of the Earth, the mass of the astronaut will be …

1
A 4 M

B 1
9
M

C M

D 2M (2)

1.3 An object is thrown vertically upwards from the ground.

Which ONE of the following is CORRECT regarding the direction of the

acceleration of the object as it moves upwards and then downwards? Ignore
the effects of air resistance.

OBJECT MOVING UPWARDS OBJECT MOVING DOWNWARDS

A Downwards Upwards
B Upwards Downwards
C Downwards Downwards
D Upwards Upwards (2)

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1.4 A person drops a glass bottle onto a concrete floor from a certain height and
the bottle breaks. The person then drops a second, identical glass bottle from
the same height onto a thick, woollen carpet, but the bottle does not break.

Which ONE of the following is CORRECT for the second bottle compared to
the first bottle for the same momentum change?

AVERAGE FORCE ON TIME OF CONTACT WITH

SECOND BOTTLE CARPET
A Larger Smaller
B Smaller Smaller
C Larger Larger
D Smaller Larger (2)

1.5 A block of mass m is released from rest from the top of a frictionless inclined
plane QR, as shown below.

The total mechanical energy of the block is E Q at point Q and E R at point R.

The kinetic energy of the block at points Q and R is K Q and K R respectively.

m
Q

Which ONE of the statements regarding the total mechanical energy and the
kinetic energy of the block at points Q and R respectively is CORRECT?

TOTAL MECHANICAL ENERGY E KINETIC ENERGY K

A EQ > ER KQ = KR
B EQ = ER KQ < KR
C EQ = ER KQ = KR
D EQ < ER KQ > KR
(2)

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1.6 The diagram below shows the positions of two stationary listeners, P and Q,
relative to a car moving at a constant velocity towards listener Q. The hooter
on the car emits sound. Listeners P and Q and the driver all hear the sound
of the hooter.

Which ONE of the following CORRECTLY describes the frequency of the

sound heard by P and Q, compared to that heard by the driver?

FREQUENCY OF THE SOUND FREQUENCY OF THE SOUND

HEARD BY P HEARD BY Q
A Lower Higher
B Higher Higher
C Lower Lower
D Higher Lower (2)

1.7 Two charges, + Q and – Q, are placed a distance d from a negative charge
– q. The charges, + Q and – Q, are located along lines that are perpendicular
to each other as shown in the diagram below.
+Q●

● ●– Q
–q d
Which ONE of the following arrows CORRECTLY shows the direction of the
net force acting on charge – q due to the presence of charges + Q and – Q?

D
(2)

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1.8 Learners investigate the relationship between current (I) and potential
difference (V) at a constant temperature for three different resistors, X, Y
and Z.

They obtain the graphs shown below.

X
Y
I (A)
Z

V (V)

The resistances of X, Y and Z are R X , R Y and R Z respectively.

Which ONE of the following conclusions regarding the resistances of

the resistors is CORRECT?

A Rz > RY > Rx

B RX = RY = RZ

C RX > RY > RZ

D R X > R Y and R Y < R Z (2)

1.9 Which ONE of the following changes may lead to an increase in the emf of
an AC generator without changing its frequency?

A Decrease the resistance of the coil.

B Increase the area of the coil.

C Increase the resistance of the coil.

D Decrease the speed of rotation. (2)

1.10 The wavelength of a monochromatic light source P is twice that of a

monochromatic light source Q. The energy of a photon from source P
will be … of a photon from source Q.

A a quarter of the energy

B half the energy

C equal to the energy

D twice the energy (2)

[20]
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QUESTION 2 (Start on a new page.)

A learner constructs a push toy using two blocks with masses 1,5 kg and 3 kg
respectively. The blocks are connected by a massless, inextensible cord.

The learner then applies a force of 25 N at an angle of 30o to the 1,5 kg block by
means of a light rigid rod, causing the toy to move across a flat, rough, horizontal
surface, as shown in the diagram below.

25 N

30°
3 kg 1,5 kg

The coefficient of kinetic friction (µ k ) between the surface and each block
is 0,15.

2.1 State Newton's Second Law of Motion in words. (2)

2.2 Calculate the magnitude of the kinetic frictional force acting on the 3 kg block. (3)

2.3 Draw a labelled free-body diagram showing ALL the forces acting on the
1,5 kg block. (5)

2.4 Calculate the magnitude of the:

2.4.1 Kinetic frictional force acting on the 1,5 kg block (3)

2.4.2 Tension in the cord connecting the two blocks (5)

[18]

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QUESTION 3 (Start on a new page.)

A ball is dropped from the top of a building 20 m high. Ignore the effects of air
resistance.

20 m

3.1 Define the term free fall. (2)

3.2 Calculate the:

3.2.1 Speed at which the ball hits the ground (4)

3.2.2 Time it takes the ball to reach the ground (3)

3.3 Sketch a velocity-time graph for the motion of the ball (no values required). (2)
[11]

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QUESTION 4 (Start on a new page.)

The graph below shows how the momentum of car A changes with time just before
and just after a head-on collision with car B.

Car A has a mass of 1 500 kg, while the mass of car B is 900 kg.
Car B was travelling at a constant velocity of 15 m∙s-1 west before the collision.
Take east as positive and consider the system as isolated.

MOMENTUM VERSUS TIME GRAPH FOR CAR A

N
40 000 ─
W E

30 000 ─ S
Momentum (kg∙m·s-1)

20 000 ─

14 000 ─
10 000 ─

0
20 20,1 20,2 20,3

Time (s)

4.1 What do you understand by the term isolated system as used in physics? (1)

Use the information in the graph to answer the following questions.

4.2 Calculate the:

4.2.1 Magnitude of the velocity of car A just before the collision (3)

4.2.2 Velocity of car B just after the collision (5)

4.2.3 Magnitude of the net average force acting on car A during the
collision (4)
[13]

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QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page.)

A pendulum with a bob of mass 5 kg is held stationary at a height h metres above the
ground. When released, it collides with a block of mass 2 kg which is stationary at
point A.

The bob swings past A and comes to rest momentarily at a position ¼ h above the
ground.

The diagrams below are NOT drawn to scale.

Before After

h 2 kg 2 kg
¼h
A B

Immediately after the collision the 2 kg block begins to move from A to B at a constant
speed of 4,95 m∙s-1.
Ignore frictional effects and assume that no loss of mechanical energy occurs during
the collision.

5.1 Calculate the:

5.1.1 Kinetic energy of the block immediately after the collision (3)

5.1.2 Height h (4)

The block moves from point B at a velocity of 4,95 m·s-1 up a rough inclined plane to
point C. The speed of the block at point C is 2 m·s-1. Point C is 0,5 m above the
horizontal, as shown in the diagram below.
During its motion from B to C a uniform frictional force acts on the block.

4,95 m·s-1 C

2 kg 0,5 m

5.2 State the work-energy theorem in words. (2)

5.3 Use energy principles to calculate the work done by the frictional force when
the 2 kg block moves from point B to point C. (4)
[13]

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QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page.)

6.1 An ambulance is moving towards a stationary listener at a constant speed

of 30 m∙s-1. The siren of the ambulance emits sound waves having a
wavelength of 0,28 m. Take the speed of sound in air as 340 m∙s-1.

6.1.1 State the Doppler effect in words. (2)

6.1.2 Calculate the frequency of the sound waves emitted by the siren as
heard by the ambulance driver. (3)

6.1.3 Calculate the frequency of the sound waves emitted by the siren as
heard by the listener. (5)

6.1.4 How would the answer to QUESTION 6.1.3 change if the speed of
the ambulance were LESS THAN 30 m∙s-1? Write down only
INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME. (1)

6.2 An observation of the spectrum of a distant star shows that it is moving away
from the Earth.

Explain, in terms of the frequencies of the spectral lines, how it is possible to

conclude that the star is moving away from the Earth. (2)
[13]

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QUESTION 7 (Start on a new page.)

7.1 In an experiment to verify the relationship between the electrostatic force, F E ,

and distance, r, between two identical, positively charged spheres, the graph
below was obtained.
1
GRAPH OF FE VERSUS
r2

0,030 •

•
0,025
FE (N)

0,020

•
0,015
•

0,010
•

0,005 •

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 -2
2 (m )
r
7.1.1 State Coulomb's law in words. (2)

7.1.2 Write down the dependent variable of the experiment. (1)

7.1.3 What relationship between the electrostatic force F E and the

square of the distance, r2, between the charged spheres can be
deduced from the graph? (1)

7.1.4 Use the information in the graph to calculate the charge on each
sphere. (6)

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7.2 A charged sphere, A, carries a charge of – 0,75 µC.

7.2.1 Draw a diagram showing the electric field lines surrounding

sphere A. (2)

Sphere A is placed 12 cm away from another charged sphere, B, along

a straight line in a vacuum, as shown below. Sphere B carries a charge
of +0,8 μC. Point P is located 9 cm to the right of sphere A.

12 cm
– 0,75 µC P + 0,8 µC
●
A B
9 cm

7.2.2 Calculate the magnitude of the net electric field at point P. (5)
[17]

QUESTION 8 (Start on a new page.)

8.1 In the circuit below the battery has an emf (ε) of 12 V and an internal
resistance of 0,2 Ω. The resistances of the connecting wires are negligible.

10 Ω

R 15 Ω
● c
● a
S ● d
● b

ε = 12 V
0,2 Ω

8.1.1 Define the term emf of a battery. (2)

8.1.2 Switch S is open. A high-resistance voltmeter is connected across

points a and b.
What will the reading on the voltmeter be? (1)

8.1.3 Switch S is now closed. The same voltmeter is now connected

across points c and d.
What will the reading on the voltmeter be? (1)

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When switch S is closed, the potential difference across the terminals of the
battery is 11,7 V.

Calculate the:

8.1.4 Current in the battery (3)

8.1.5 Effective resistance of the parallel branch (2)

8.1.6 Resistance of resistor R (4)

8.2 A battery with an emf of 12 V and an internal resistance of 0,2 Ω are

connected in series to a very small electric motor and a resistor, T, of
unknown resistance, as shown in the circuit below.

The motor is rated X watts, 3 volts, and operates at optimal conditions.

T
Electric motor
● ●
S
●
● 0,4 m∙s-1

ε = 12 V
0,35 kg
0,2 Ω

When switch S is closed, the motor lifts a 0,35 kg mass vertically upwards at
a constant speed of 0,4 m∙s-1. Assume that there is no energy conversion into
heat and sound.

Calculate the value of:

8.2.1 X (3)

8.2.2 The resistance of resistor T (5)

[21]

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QUESTION 9 (Start on a new page.)

9.1 A generator is shown below. Assume that the coil is in a vertical position.

9.1.1 Is the generator above AC or DC? Give a reason for the answer. (2)

9.1.2 Sketch an induced emf versus time graph for ONE complete
rotation of the coil. (The coil starts turning from the vertical
position.) (2)

9.2 An AC generator is operating at a maximum emf of 340 V. It is connected

across a toaster and a kettle, as shown in the diagram below.
toaster

kettle

generator

800 W 2 000 W

The toaster is rated at 800 W, while the kettle is rated at 2 000 W. Both are
working under optimal conditions.

Calculate the:

9.2.1 rms current passing through the toaster (3)

9.2.2 Total rms current delivered by the generator (4)

[11]

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QUESTION 10 (Start on a new page.)

10.1 A learner is investigating the photoelectric effect for two different metals, silver
and sodium, using light of different frequencies. The maximum kinetic energy
of the emitted photoelectrons is plotted against the frequency of the light for
each of the metals, as shown in the graphs below.

sodium
silver
EKmax (J)

0
5,94 11,42 Frequency x 1014 (Hz)

10.1.1 Define the term threshold frequency. (2)

10.1.2 Which metal, sodium or silver, has the larger work function?
Explain the answer. (3)

10.1.3 Name the physical constant represented by the slopes of the

graphs. (1)

10.1.4 If light of the same frequency is shone on each of the metals, in

which metal will the ejected photoelectrons have a larger maximum
kinetic energy? (1)

10.2 In a different photoelectric experiment blue light obtained from a light bulb is
shone onto a metal plate and electrons are released.

The wavelength of the blue light is 470 x 10-9 m and the bulb is rated at
60 mW. The bulb is only 5% efficient.

10.2.1 Calculate the number of photons that will be incident on the metal
plate per second, assuming all the light from the bulb is incident on
the metal plate. (5)

10.2.2 Without any further calculation, write down the number of

electrons emitted per second from the metal. (1)
[13]

TOTAL: 150

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DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12

PAPER 1 (PHYSICS)

GEGEWENS VIR FISIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 12

VRAESTEL 1 (FISIKA)

TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS/TABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES

NAME/NAAM SYMBOL/SIMBOOL VALUE/WAARDE

Acceleration due to gravity
g 9,8 m·s-2
Swaartekragversnelling
Universal gravitational constant
G 6,67 x 10-11 N·m2·kg-2
Universele gravitasiekonstant
Speed of light in a vacuum
c 3,0 x 108 m·s-1
Spoed van lig in 'n vakuum
Planck's constant
h 6,63 x 10-34 J·s
Planck se konstante
Coulomb's constant
k 9,0 x 109 N·m2·C-2
Coulomb se konstante
Charge on electron
e 1,6 x 10-19 C
Lading op elektron
Electron mass
me 9,11 x 10-31 kg
Elektronmassa
Mass of the Earth
M 5,98 x 1024 kg
Massa van die Aarde
Radius of the Earth
RE 6,38 x 106 m
Radius van die Aarde

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TABLE 2: FORMULAE/TABEL 2: FORMULES

MOTION/BEWEGING

v f = v i + a ∆t Δx = v i Δt + 21 a∆t 2 or/of Δy = v i Δt + 21 a∆t 2

 v + vf   v + vf 
2 2 2
v f = v i + 2a∆x or/of v f = v i + 2a∆y
2
Δx =  i  Δt or/of Δy =  i  Δt
 2   2 

FORCE/KRAG

Fnet = ma p = mv
max
fs = µ sN fk = µ k N
Fnet ∆t = ∆p
w = mg
∆p = mv f – mv i
mm m1m 2 M M
F=G 1 2 2 or/of F=G g =G or/of g =G
d r2 d2 r2

WORK, ENERGY AND POWER/ARBEID, ENERGIE EN DRYWING

W = F∆x cos θ U = mgh or/of E P = mgh

Wnet = ∆K or/of Wnet = ∆Ek

1 1
K = mv 2 or/of E k = mv 2
2 2
∆K = K f − K i or/of ∆Ek = Ekf − Eki
W
Wnc = ∆K + ∆U or/of Wnc = ∆Ek + ∆Ep P=
∆t
Pave = Fv ave / Pgemid = Fv gemid

WAVES, SOUND AND LIGHT/GOLWE, KLANK EN LIG

1
v=fλ T=
f
v ± vL v ± vL c
fL = fs fL = fb E = hf or/of E= h
v ± vs v ± vb λ
E = Wo + E k(max) or/of E = Wo + K max where/waar
1 1
E = hf and/en W0 = hf0 and/en E k (max) = mv max
2 2
or/of K max = mv max
2 2

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ELECTROSTATICS/ELEKTROSTATIKA

kQ 1Q 2 kQ
F= E=
r2 r2

W F
V= E=
q q
Q Q
n= or/of n=
e qe

ELECTRIC CIRCUITS/ELEKTRIESE STROOMBANE

emf ( ε ) = I(R + r)
V
R=
I emk ( ε ) = I(R + r)

R s = R1 + R 2 + ...
1 1 1 q = I ∆t
= + + ...
R p R1 R 2

W = Vq W
P=
Δt
W = VI ∆ t
P = VI
W = I2R ∆ t

2
P = I 2R
V Δt
W = V2
R P=
R

ALTERNATING CURRENT/WISSELSTROOM

Pave = Vrms I rms / Pgemiddeld = Vwgk I wgk

I max I
I rms = / I wgk = maks
2 2 2
Pave = I rms R / Pgemiddeld = I 2wgk R
Vmax Vmaks
Vrms = / Vwgk = V2
2
Vwgk
2 2 Pave = rms / Pgemiddeld =
R R

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NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
NASIONALE
SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT

GRADE/GRAAD 12

PHYSICAL SCIENCES: PHYSICS (P1)

FISIESE WETENSKAPPE: FISIKA (V1)

NOVEMBER 2016

MEMORANDUM

MARKS/PUNTE: 150

This memorandum consists of 19 pages.

Hierdie memorandum bestaan uit 19 bladsye.

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QUESTION 1/VRAAG 1

1.1 A  (2)

1.2 C  (2)

1.3 C  (2)

1.4 D  (2)

1.5 B  (2)

1.6 A  (2)

1.7 C  (2)

1.8 A  (2)

1.9 B  (2)

1.10 B  (2)
[20]

QUESTION 2/VRAAG 2
2.1 When a resultant/net force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in the
(direction of the net/resultant force). The acceleration is directly proportional
to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Wanneer 'n netto krag op 'n voorwerp inwerk, versnel die voorwerp in die
rigting van die netto krag teen 'n versnelling direk eweredig aan die krag en
omgekeerd eweredig aan die massa van die voorwerp.

OR/OF
The resultant/net force acting on the object is equal (is directly proportional
to) to the rate of change of momentum of an object (in the direction of the
force). 
Die resulterende/netto krag wat op 'n voorwerp inwerk, is gelyk aan (is direk
eweredig aan) die tempo van verandering van momentum van die voorwerp
(in die rigting van die netto krag). (2)

2.2 f k = μ k N= μ k mg
= (0,15)(3)(9,8)
= 4,41 N (3)

2.3
N 25 N  N

fk  fk 
T T
●
25 N 
w w

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Accepted Labels/Aanvaarde benoemings

F g/ F w /force of Earth on block/weight/14,7 N/mg/gravitational force
w
F g/ F w /krag van Aarde op blok/gewig/14,7 N/mg/gravitasiekrag
F N /F normal /normal force
N
F N /F normaal /normalekrag
Tension/F T
T
Spanning/F T
fk f kinetic friction/kinetiesewrywing /f f/w /f//F f/w kinetic friction/kinetiesewrywing
F applied /F A /F
25 N
F toegepas /F A /F

2.4.1 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/OPSIE 2

f k = μ k N = μ k (25sin 30o + mg) f k = μ k N = μ k (25cos 60o + mg)
= 0,15[(25sin30o) + (1,5)(9,8)] = 0,15[(25cos60o) + (1,5)(9,8)]
= 4,08 N = 4,08 N (3)

2.4.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM

QUESTION 2.2 AND QUESTION 2.4.1
POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF VRAAG 2.2 EN VRAAG 2.4.1
OPTION 1/OPSIE 1
For the 1,5 kg block/Vir die 1,5 kg blok
F net = ma

F x + (-T) +(- f k ) = ma
o
25 cos 30 – T – f k = 1,5a
(25 cos 30o – T) – 4,08 = 1,5a
17,571 – T = 1,5a ……….(1)
either one
For the 3 kg block enigeen
Vir die 3 kg blok
T – f k = 3a
T – 4,41 = 3a ………….(2)
13,161 = 4,5 a
a = 2,925 m∙s-2
T = 13,19 N  (13,17 N – 13,19 N)

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OPTION 2/OPSIE 2 OPTION 3/OPSIE 3

For the 1,5 kg block/Vir die 1,5 kg blok For the 1,5 kg block/Vir die 1,5 kg
F net = ma blok

F x + (-T) +(- f k ) = ma F net = ma
o 
25 cos 30 – T – f k = 1,5a F x + (-T) +(- f k ) = ma
(25 cos 30o – T) – 4,08 = 1,5a 25 cos 30o – T – f k = 1,5a
17,571 – T = 1,5a ……….(1) (25 cos 30o – T) – 4,08 = 1,5a
either one 17,571 – T = 1,5a ……….(1)
For the 3 kg block enigeen 17,571 − T either one
Vir die 3 kg blok a= enigeen
1,5
T – f k = 3a For the 3 kg block
T – 4,41 = 3a ………….(2) Vir die 3 kg blok
T – f k = 3a
35,142 – 2T = T – 4,41 T – 4,41 = 3a ………….(2)
T = 13,18 N  T − 4,41
a=
3
17,571 − T T − 4,41
=
1,5 3
T = 13,18 N (5)
[18]

QUESTION 3/VRAAG 3
3.1 The motion of an object under the influence of gravity/weight/gravitational force
only / Motion in which the only force acting is the gravitational force.
Die beweging van 'n voorwerp slegs onder die invloed van swaartekrag/gewig
gravitasiekrag.
Beweging waarin die enigste krag wat op die liggaam inwerk, die gravitasiekrag
is. (2)

3.2.1 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/OPSIE 2

Upwards positive/Opwaarts positief: Upwards positive/Opwaarts positief:
v f 2 = v i 2 + 2aΔy  Δy = v i Δt + ½ aΔt2
= 02+ (2)(-9,8)(-20) -20 = 0 + ½ (-9,8) Δt2 either one
v f = 19,80 m∙s-1  Δt = 2,02 s enigeen
v f = v i + aΔt
Downwards positive = 0 + (-9,8)(2,02) 
Afwaarts positief = -19,80 m∙s-1
v f 2 = v i 2 + 2aΔy  = 19,80 m∙s-1 
= 02 + (2)(9,8)(20) Downwards positive
v f = 19,80 m∙s-1 Afwaarts positief
Δy = v i Δt + ½ aΔt2
20 = 0 + ½ (9,8) Δt2 either one
Δt = 2,02 s enigeen
v f = v i + aΔt
= 0 + (9,8)(2,02)
= 19,80 m∙s-1

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OPTION 3/OPSIE 3
(E mech ) Top/Bo = (E mech ) Ground/Grond
(E P +E K ) Top = ( E P +E K ) Bottom/Onder 1 mark for any
(mgh + ½ mv2) Top/Bo = (mgh + ½ mv2) Bottom/Onder 1 punt vir enige
(9,8)(20) + 0 = (0 + ½v f 2)
v f = 19,80 m∙s-1
OPTION 4/OPSIE 4
W nc = ΔE p + ΔE k 
0 = mgΔh + ½ mΔv2
0 = m(9,8)(0 – 20) + ½ m(v f 2 – 0) 
v f = 19,80 m∙s-1
OPTION 5/OPSIE 5
W net = ΔE k 
mgΔxcos0o = ½ m(v f 2 – 0)
m(9,8)(20)(1) = ½ mv f 2 
v f = 19,80 m∙s-1 (4)

3.2.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 3.2.1/POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF

VRAAG 3.2.1
OPTION 1/OPSIE 1
Downwards positive/Afwaarts positief
v f = v i + aΔt 
19,80 = 0 + (9,8)Δt 
Δt = 2,02 s 
Upwards positive/Opwaarts positief
v f = v i + aΔt 
-19,80 = 0 + (-9,8)Δt 
Δt = 2,02 s 
OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
Upwards positive/Opwaarts positief: Downwards Positive/Afwaarts
Δy = v i Δt + ½ aΔt2 positief
-20 = 0 + ½ (-9,8) Δt2 Δy = v i Δt + ½ aΔt2
Δt = 2,02 s 20 = 0 + ½ (9,8) Δt2
Δt = 2,02 s
OPTION 3/OPSIE 3
Downwards positive/Afwaarts positief:
 v + vf 
Δy =  i  Δt 
 2 
 0 + 19,80 
20 =   (∆t ) 
 2 
Δt = 2,02 s
Upwards positive/Opwaarts positief:
 v + vf  
Δy =  i  Δt
 2 
 0 − 19,80  
- 20 =   (∆t )
 2 
Δt = 2,02 s (3)

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3.3 Downward positive/Afwaarts positief

velocity/snelheid (m·s-1)



0
Time/Tyd (s)
Upward positive/Opwaarts positief
Time/Tyd (s)
0
velocity/snelheid (m·s-1)



Notes/Aantekeninge
 Straight line through the origin.
Reguitlyn deur die oorsprong (2)
[11]

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QUESTION 4/VRAAG 4

4.1 A system on which the resultant/net external force is zero/'n Sisteem waarop
die resulterende krag/netto eksternekrag nul is 
A system which excludes external forces /'n Sisteem wat eksterne kragte
uitlaat. (1)

4.2.1 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1

p = mv
30 000 = (1 500)v 
v = 20 m∙s-1
OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
Δp = mv f – mv i 
0 = (1 500)v f – 30 000 
v = 20 m∙s-1 (3)

4.2.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 4.2.1/POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF

VRAAG 4.2.1
OPTION 1/OPSIE 1
∑p i = ∑p f
 1 mark for any/1 punt vir enige
m 1 v 1i + m 2 v 2i = m 1 v 1f + m 2 v 2f
30 000 + (900)(-15) = 14 000 + 900v B 
∴v B = 2,78 m∙s-1 east/oos  (Accept/Aanvaar: to the right/na regs)
OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
Δp A = -Δp B 1 mark for any/1 punt vir enige
p f – p i = -(mv f - mv i )
14 000 – 30 000 = 900v f – 900(-15) 
v f = 2,78 m∙s-1 east/oos  (Accept/Aanvaar: to the right/na regs) (5)

4.2.3 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1

Δp
Slope/Helling = = F net 
Δt
=
(14 000 − 30 000 ) 
(20,2 - 20,1) 
= - 160 000
F net = 160 000 N 
OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
F net Δt = Δp 
F net (0,1) = 14 000 – 30 000
F net = - 160 000 N
F net = 160 000 N 
POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 4.2.2/POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF
VRAAG 4.2.2
OPTION 3/OPSIE 3
F net Δt = Δp 
F net (0,1) = 900[(2,78) – (-15)]
F net = 160 020 N
FA = - FB
F net = 160 020 N 

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OPTION 4/OPSIE 4
p = mv
14 000 = 1 500v f 
v f = 9,33 m∙s-1

m( v f − v i ) 1500(9,33 − 20) v f = v i + aΔt

F net =  =  9,33 = 20 + a(0,1)
∆t 0,1
= -160 050 a = -106.7 m∙s-2
= 160 050 N 
F net = ma 
= 1 500(-106,7) 
F net = - 160 050 N
F net = 160 050 N  (4)
[13]

QUESTION 5/VRAAG 5

5.1.1 E k /K = ½ mv2 
= ½ (2)(4,95)2 
= 24,50 J  (3)

5.1.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 5.1.1/POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF

5.1.1
OPTION 1/OPSIE 1
E mech before = E mech after Any one/
[(E mech ) bob + (E mech)block ] before/voor = [(E mech ) Block + (E mech ) bob ] after/na Enige een
2 2
(mgh + ½ mv ) before/voor = (mgh + ½ mv ) after/na
(5)(9,8)h + 0 + 0 = 5(9,8)¼h + 0 + 24,50 
h = 0,67 m
OPTION 2/OPSIE 2 OPTION 3/OPSIE 3
W nc = ΔE p + ΔE k Any one/ Loss Ep bob = Gain in Ek of block 
0 = ΔE p + ΔE k Enige een mg(¾h) = 24,5
-ΔE p = ΔE k (5)(9,8)(¾h) = 24,5 
-[(5)(9,8)(¼h) – (5)(9,8)h] = 24,50 h = 0,67 m 
h = 0,67 m  (4)
OPTION 4 /OPSIE 4
Before/Voor
(mgh + ½ mv2) top/bo = (mgh + ½ mv2) bottom/onder
(5)(9,8)h + 0 = (5)(9,8)h o + ½ (5)v2
v i 2 = 19,6h - 19,6h o

After/Na
(mgh + ½ mv2) bottom/onder = (mgh + ½ mv2) top/bo
(5)(9,8)h o + ½(5)v f 2 = (5)(9,8)(¼h) + 0
v f 2 = 4,9h – 19,6h o

E mech/meg before collision/voor botsing = E mech/meg after collision/na botsing

½ mv i 2(bob/skietlood) + 0 = ½ mv f 2(bob/skietlood)+ ½ mv2(block/blok)
½ (5)(19,6h – 19,6h o )  = ½ (5)(4,9h -19,6h o ) + 24,5 
h = 0,67 m

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5.2 The net/total work done on an object is equal to the change in the object's
kinetic energy 
Die netto/totale arbeid op 'n voorwerp verrig is gelyk aan die verandering in die
kinetiese energie van die voorwerp.

OR/OF
The work done on an object by a resultant/net force is equal to the change in the
object's kinetic energy.
Die arbeid verrig op 'n voorwerp deur 'n resulterende/netto krag is gelyk aan die
voorwerp se verandering in kinetiese energie. (2)

5.3 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1

W net = ΔE K 
2
W f + mgΔycosθ = ½ m( v f - v i2 )
W f +(2)(9,8)(0,5)cos180o  = ½ (2)(22 – 4,952) 
W f = - 10,7 J
OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
W nc = ΔE K + ΔU
W nc = ΔE K + ΔE P 
W f = ½ (2)(22 – 4,952)  + (2)(9,8)(0,5-0) 
= - 10,7 J (4)
[13]

QUESTION 6/VRAAG 6

6.1.1 It is the (apparent) change in frequency (or pitch) of the sound (detected by a
listener)  because the sound source and the listener have different velocities
relative to the medium of sound propagation. 
Dit is die verandering in frekwensie (of toonhoogte) van die klank (waargeneem
deur 'n luisteraar) omdat die klankbron en die luisteraar verskillende snelhede
relatief tot die medium van klankvoortplanting het.

OR/OF
An (apparent) change in (observed/detected) frequency (pitch), (wavelength)
as a result of the relative motion between a source and an observer
(listener).
'n Skynbare verandering in (waargenome) frekwensie (toonhoogte),(golflengte)
as gevolg van die relatiewe beweging tussen die bron en 'n
waarnemer/luisteraar. (2)

6.1.2 v = fλ 
340 = f(0,28) 
f s = 1 214,29 Hz  (3)

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6.1.3 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 6.1.2/POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF

VRAAG 6.1.2
v ± vL v ± vL v v f
fL = f s OR/OF fL = × OR/OF fL = fs OR/OF fL = s 
v ± vs v ± v s λs v − vs v
1− s
 v
340 340 340 1214,29
fL = ( ) 1214,29 OR/OF fL = ( )× OR/OF fL =
340 - 30 340 - 30 0,28 30
1−
340
= 1 331,80 Hz (1 331,80 Hz – 1 335,72 Hz) (5)

6.1.4 Decreases/Verlaag (1)

6.2 The spectral lines of the star are/should be shifted towards the lower frequency
 end, which is the red end (red shift) of the spectrum. 
Die spektraallyne van die van die ster is verskuif na die laer frekwensie ent, wat
die rooi ent van die spektrum is. (2)
[13]

QUESTION 7/VRAAG 7

7.1.1 The (magnitude of the) electrostatic force exerted by one (point) charge on
another is directly proportional to the product of the charges  and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between their (centres) them. 
Die (grootte) van die elektrostatiese krag wat een (punt) lading op 'n ander
uitoefen, is direk eweredig aan die produk van die ladings en omgekeerd
eweredig aan die kwadraat van die afstand tussen hul middelpunte. (2)

7.1.2 F E /Electrostatic force/Elektrostatiese krag (1)

7.1.3 The electrostatic force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance
between the charges 
Die elektrostatiese krag is omgekeerd eweredig aan die kwadraat van die
afstand tussen die ladings

OR/OF
The electrostatic force is directly proportional to the inverse of the square of
the distance between the charged spheres (charges). 
Die elektrostatiese krag is direk eweredig aan omgekeerde van die kwadraat
van die afstand tussen die gelaaide sfere (ladings).

OR/OF
1
Fα 2 
r

OR/OF
They are inversely proportional to each other /Hulle is omgekeerd eweredig
aan mekaar (1)

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7.1.4 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 1 mark for using slope/

∆FE (0,027 - 0) 1 punt vir die gebruik van helling
Slope/Helling = = 
1 (5,6 - 0)
∆ 2
r
= 4,82 x 10-3 N∙m2 (4,76 x 10-3 – 5 x 10-3)

Slope/Helling = F E r2 = kQ 1 Q 2 = kQ2 
4,82 x 10-3 = 9 x 109 Q2 
∴ Q = 7,32 x 10-7C 
OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
Accept any pair of points on the line/Aanvaar enige paar punte op die lyn
kQ 1Q 2
F= 
r2
(9 × 109 )Q2 
( ) =
( ) 
Q = 7,32 x 10-7C  (7,32 x 10-7 – 7,45 x 10-7 C)

Examples/Voorbeelde
(9 × 109 )Q2 
(0,005)  =
( 1 ) 
-7
Q = 7,45 x 10 C 

(9 × 109 )Q2 
(0,027)  =
1
( ) 
5,6
Q = 7,32 x 10-7 C  (6)

7.2.1

Criteria for drawing electric field:

Marks/Punte
Kriteria vir teken van elektriese veld:
Direction /Rigting 
Field lines radially inward/Veldlyne radiaal inwaarts 

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7.2.2 kQ
E= 
r2
Take right as positive/Neem regs as positief

E PA =
( )
(9 × 10 9 ) 0,75 × 10 -6

(0,09 )2
= 8,33 x 105 N∙C-1 to the left/na links

E PB =
( )
(9 × 109 ) 0,8 × 10 -6

(0,03 )2
= 8 x 106 N∙C-1 to the left/na links
E net = E PA + E PC
= [-8,33 x 105 + (- 8 x 106)]  1 mark for the addition of same signs/
= -8,83 x 106 1 punt vir optelling van dieselfde tekens
6 -1
= 8,83 x 10 N∙C 
Take left as positive/Neem links as positief

E PA =
( )
(9 × 10 9 ) 0,75 × 10 -6

(0,09 )2
= 8,33 x 105 N∙C-1 to the left/na links

E PB =
( )
(9 × 109 ) 0,8 × 10 -6

(0,03 )2
= 8 x 106 N∙C-1 to the left/na links
E net = E PA + E PC
1 mark for the addition of same signs/
= (8,33 x 105 + 8 x 106) 
1 punt vir optelling van dieselfde tekens
= 8,83 x 106 N∙C-1  (5)
[17]

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QUESTION 8/VRAAG 8
8.1.1 (Maximum) energy provided (work done) by a battery per coulomb/unit
charge passing through it  / Energie verskaf (arbeid verrig) deur 'n
battery per coulomb/eenheid lading wat daardeur vloei. (2)

8.1.2 12 (V) (1)

8.1.3 0 (V) / Zero/nul  (1)

8.1.4 ε = I(R + r)

ε = V ext + V int
12 = 11,7 +Ir
0,3 = I tot (0,2) 
I tot = 1,5 A 

OR/OF
V = IR  (Accept/Aanvaar: V ”lost” = Ir)
0,3 = I tot (0,2) 
I tot = 1,5 A (3)

8.1.5 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/OPSIE 2

1 1 1 R1R 2
= + R || =
R // R1 R 2 R1 + R 2 Any one
Any one
1 1 1 (10)(15) Enigeen
= + Enigeen
=
R 10 15 10 + 15
R=6Ω =6Ω (2)

8.1.6 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTIONS 8.1.4 AND 8.1.5/POSITIEWE

NASIEN VANAF VRAE 8.1.4 EN 8.1.5
OPTION 1/OPSIE 1
OR/OF
V = IR  V = IR 
11,7 = 1,5(6 + R)  11,7 = 1,5R 
R = 1,8 Ω  R = 7,8 Ω

R R = 7,8 – 6 
= 1,8 Ω 

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OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
ε = I(R + r) 
12 = 1,5(R + 0,2) 
R = 7,8 Ω

R R = 7,8 – 6 
= 1,8 Ω 
OPTION 3/OPSIE 3
V || = IR ||
= (6)(1,5) 
=9V

V R = IR 
(11,7 - 9) = (1,5)R
R = 1,8 Ω (4)

8.2.1 P ave/gemid = Fv ave/gemid = mg(v ave/gemid )

= (0,35)(9,8)(0,4)
= 1,37 W
OR/OF
W ∆E k + ∆E p 0 + (0,35)(9,8)(0,4 − 0)
P = nc = = = 1,37 W 
∆t ∆t 1

OR/OF
W E (0,35)(9,8)(0,4)
P= = p = = 1,37 W 
∆t ∆t 1 (3)

8.2.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 8.2.1/POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF

VRAAG 8.2.1
OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
P = VI V2
1,37 = (3)I  P =
R
I = 0,46 A
Any one 32
Enigeen 1,37 =  Any one
ε = V ext + V int R Enigeen
= V T + V X + V int R = 6,57 Ω
12 = V T + 3 + (0,2)(0,46) 
V T = 8,91 V P = VI
1,37 = (3)I 
V T = IR T I = 0,46 A
8,91 = (0,46)R T 
R T = 19,37 Ω ε = I(R + r)
12 = 0,46(6,57 + R T + 0,2) 
R T = 19,38 Ω 

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OPTION 3/OPSIE 3
P = VI 
1,37 = (3)I 
I = 0,46 A

P tot = P r + P motor + P T
(12)(0,46) = (0,46)2(0,2) + 1,37 + (0,46)2R T 
R T = 19,41 Ω 

OR/OF
P = VI 
1,37 = (3)I 
I = 0,46 A

P tot = P r + P motor + P T
(12)(0,46) = (0,46)2(0,2) + 1,37 + P T 
P T = 4,07 W

P=I2R
4,07 = (0,46)2R T 
R T = 19,49 Ω 

OPTION 4/OPSIE 4
P = VI
1,37 = (3)I  Any one
I = 0,46 A Enigeen

ε = I(R + r)
12 = (0,46)(R + 0,2) 
R = 25,87 Ω

V = IR P = I2R V2
3 = (0,46)R 1,37 = (0,46)2R Pmotor =
R
R = 6,52 Ω R = 6,47 Ω
32
1,37 =
R T = 25,87 – 6,52 R T = 25,87 – 6,47 R
= 19,35 Ω  = 19,4 Ω  R = 6,56 Ω

R T = 25,87 – 6,56
= 19,31 Ω 
(5)
[21]

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QUESTION 9/VRAAG 9

9.1.1 DC/GS-generator
Uses split ring/commutator/Gebruik spleetring/kommutator (2)

9.1.2

Geïnduseerde emk (V)

Induced emf (V)

time/tyd (s)
OR/OF
Geïnduseerde emk (V)
Induced emf (V)

time/tyd (s)

(2)

9.2.1 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1

V OR/OF
Vrms / wgk = max/maks
2 Vmax/maks 340
Vrms / wgk = = = 240,416
Pave/gem = Vrms/wgk Irms/wgk  2 2
340 Pave/gem = Vrms/wgk I rms/wgk
800 = (I rms / wgk )  
2 800 = I rms/wgk (240,416) 
I rms/wgk = 3,33 A 
I rms/wgk = 3,33 A 

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OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
(
 V 2 rms / wgk  V 2max/ maks
Pave / gem =   =
)
 R  (2)(R )
 (340)2
800 =
( 2 )2(R) Pave/gem = Irms/wgk2 R
R = 72,25 Ω 800 = Irms/wgk2 (72,25) 
Irms/wgk = 3,33 A 
V rms/wgk = I rms/wgk R
240,416
I rms/wgk = 
72, 25
= 3,33 A (3)

9.2.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 9.2.1

POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF VRAAG 9.2.1
OPTION 1/OPSIE 1
Pave/gemid = Vrms/wgk I rms/wgk 
for the kettle/vir die ketel:
340
2000 = (Irms / wgk )
2
I rms/wgk = 8,32 A
I tot = (8,32 + 3,33) 
= 11,65 A 

OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
 V 2 rms / wgk
Pave / gemid = 

  =
(
V 2 max/ maks )
 R  (2)(R )
(340)2
800 = 
( 2 )2(R)
R = 72,25 Ω
(340)2
2 000 =
( 2 ) (R )
2
2000
R = 28,9 Ω (28,9)(72,25)
R =
1 1
= +
1 (28,9 + 72,25) = 20,64 Ω
R R1 R 2

V rms/wgk = I rms/wgk R
240,42 = I rms/wgk (20,64) 
I rms/wgk = 11,65 A

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OPTION 3/OPSIE 3
Vmax/ maksImax/ maks
P ave/gemid = V rms/wgk I rms/wgk  =
2
(340 ) Imax/ maks
2 800 = 
2
I max/maks = 16,47 A
I 16,47
Irms = max/maks =
2 2
I rms/wgk = 11,65 A
OPTION 4/OPSIE 4
P ave/gemid = V rms/wgk I rms/wgk 
340
2 800 = I rms/wgk 
2
I rms/wgk = 11,65 A 
OPTION 5/OPSIE 5
PT : PK
800 : 2 000 
1 : 2,5

IT : IK
3,33 : 8,325 

I rms = 3,33 + 8,325 

= 11,66 A  (4)
[11]

QUESTION 10/VRAAG 10

10.1.1 The minimum frequency (of a photon/light) needed to emit electrons from
(the surface of) a metal. (substance) 
Die minimum frekwensie (van 'n foton/lig) benodig om elektrone vanaf die
(oppervlakte van)'n metaal (stof) vry te stel

OR/OF
The frequency (of a photon/light) needed to emit electrons from (the surface
of) a metal. (substance) with zero kinetic energy
Die frekwensie (van 'n foton/lig) benodig om elektrone vanaf die (oppervlakte
van)'n metaal (stof) met nul/geen kinetiese energie vry te stel (2)

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10.1.2 Silver/Silwer

Threshold/cutoff frequency (of Ag) is higher/Drumpel/afsnyfrekwensie (van

Ag) is hoër
W o α f o / W o = hf o 
OR/OF
To eject electrons with the same kinetic energy from each metal, light of a
higher frequency/energy is required for silver.  Since E = W o + E k(max) (and
E k is constant), the higher the frequency/energy of the photon/light required,
the greater is the work function/W o .
Om elektrone met dieselfde kinetiese energie van elke metal vry te stel,is lig
van hoër frekwensie benodig vir silwer. Aangesien E = W o + E k(maks) (en
E k(maks) is konstant) word fotone/lig van hoër frekwensie/energie benodig, dus
is arbeidsfunksie hoër (3)

10.1.3 Planck’s constant /Planck se konstante  (1)

10.1.4 Sodium/Natrium (1)

10.2.1 Energy radiated per second by the blue light /Energie per sekonde uitgestraal
5
deur die bloulig = ( )(60 x 10-3)  = 3 x 10-3 J∙s-1
100
hc
E photon/foton = 
λ
(6,63 × 10 −34 )(3 × 108 )
= 
470 × 10 - 9
= 4,232 x 10-19J
Total number of photons incident per second/Totale aantal fotone wat per
3 × 10 -3
sekonde inval = 
4,232 × 10 -19
= 7,09 x 1015  (5)

10.2.2 POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 10.2.1

POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF VRAAG 10.2.1

7,09 x 1015 (electrons per second/elektron per sekonde) 

OR/OF
Same number as that calculated in Question 10.2.1 above/Dieselfde as die in
Vraag 10.2.1 hierbo bereken (1)
[13]

TOTAL/TOTAAL: 150

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