Scribd
Upload
22 views1 page

MLS 021 - Immunology & Serology - Lecture - Notes

Uploaded by

Francine Uriarte
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views1 page

MLS 021 - Immunology & Serology - Lecture - Notes

Uploaded by

Francine Uriarte
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

MLS 021 : Immunology & Serology – Lecture : Notes

Immunology
 study of how bodily mechanisms can 1. Cellular Factors
differentiate between self and non-self 2. Humural Factors
 study of the body’s defense against infection 3. Inflammation
Serology
 study of serum Adaptive or Acquired Immunity
Immunity  not present at birth but is developed during a
 state or condition of being resistant to person’s lifetime.
infection  develop later and consist of activation of
 ability to ward off infections or diseases lymphocytes.
 depends on the antigen that it encounters.
The immune system is composed of the lymphoid
organs: Elements of Acquired Immunity
1. primary lymphoid organs - competent in
mounting an immune response 1. Cellular: B and T lymphocytes
e.g., red bone marrow and the thymus 2. Humoral: antibodies and cytokines

Acute-Phase Reactants
2. secondary lymphoid organs and tissues -
areas where the majority of the immune  protein inflammation markers that is
responses take place increased during inflammation, infection,
e.g., spleen, lymph nodes, and lymphatic injury or trauma by at least 25 percent.
nodules (follicles)
1. C-reactive protein
Peripheral Lymphoid 2. Serum amyloid A
 organs are the sites of lymphocyte activation 3. Alpha1-antitrypsin
4. Fibrinogen
by antigen
5. Haptoglobin
Lymph
6. Ceruloplasmin
 This fluid carries antigen taken up by
7. Complement C3
dendritic cells and macrophages to the
8. Mannose-binding protein
lymph nodes
Cellular Defense Mechanism
 leukocytes are generally subdivided into
granulocytes

Composition of Immune System


Cellular Immunity
 cell-mediated immunity
 T cells
 activation of phagocytes, release of
cytokines and chemokines
Humoral Immunity
 antibody-mediated immunity
 B cells
 secrete antibodies against a specific antigen
Categories of Immune System
1. Natural or Innate Immunity
2. Adaptive or Acquired Immunity

Natural or Innate Immunity


 provide the initial defense against infections.
 present at birth and protects the body during
early stages of infection.
 nonspecific, nonadaptive and prior encounter
to pathogens is not required.

Elements of Innate Immunity


External Defense System
 to protect the body from infectious agents by
structural barriers, secretions and growth of
microorganisms

1. Physical or Anatomical barriers


2. Normal/Resident Flora

Internal Defense System


 cells like WBCs and antibodies are the major
factors of this system

You might also like