PLANT AND ANIMAL ORGAN SYSTEMS

AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

(GAS EXCHANGE AND TRANSPORT/CIRCULATION)
for General Biology 2 Grade 11
Quarter 4 / Week 2

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2 NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
 FOREWORD

This self-learning kit (SLK) is designed for students to

explore and understand the diverse ways by which plants
and animals are able to survive. Organisms carry out life
processes including gas exchange, transport, and
circulation.

Gas exchange is the movement of gases across a

cell membrane, which means taking in oxygen needed
by cells and removing carbon dioxide as waste product.
Transport is the movement of substances within an
organism. Substances like oxygen must be transported
across the cell membrane and within the organism.
Circulation, on the other hand, is the movement of blood
through the vessels of the body induced by the pumping
action of the heart.

This SLK is humbly dedicated to our learners who are

at the center of the learning process. We wish that this SLK
will be of great help in addressing their educational
needs given the circumstances we are facing today.
Furthermore, we hope that the content of this SLK will be
fully understood and be applied by learners in their day to
day living.

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, learners shall be able to:

K: compare and contrast gas exchange and transport/circulation in
plants and animals;
S: identify the structures and functions of the respiratory system and
transport/circulatory system in plants and animals; and
A: recognize the importance of gas exchange and
transport/circulation to the survival of organisms

LEARNING COMPETENCY

Compare and contrast the following processes in plants and

animals: reproduction, development, nutrition, gas exchange,
transport/circulation, regulation of body fluids, chemical and
nervous control, immune systems, and sensory and motor
mechanisms. (STEM_BIO11/12-IVa-h-1)

I. WHAT HAPPENED
PRE-ACTIVITY

BREATHING EXERCISE

Procedure:
1. Close your mouth and then press your nose.
2. Hold your breath for a few seconds.
3. Run in place for 30 seconds. Then, sit down and count the
number of breaths you take.

Guide questions:
1. How did you feel after doing the activity?
2. What air did you breathe in and breathe out?
3. What will happen to our body if the air cannot enter?

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
II. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
DISCUSSION

GAS EXCHANGE
All living organisms obtain energy by metabolizing
compounds such as carbohydrates. The process by which
organisms require oxygen for metabolism is called respiration.
Carbon dioxide gas is produced and must be removed from the
body of animals. In plants, carbon dioxide, a waste product of
respiration, is needed for photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide must be
available to plant cells, and oxygen gas must be removed.
Animals have to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide in order
to survive.
Gas exchange is one of the essential prerequisites for life to
continue. Diffusion across a moist membrane is the basic
mechanism of gas exchange. Diffusion is a process by which
molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area
of lower concentration in the direction following a concentration
gradient. In living organisms, molecules move across cell
membranes which are moistened by fluid.

ANIMALS
In order to survive, animals need to take in oxygen and expel
carbon dioxide. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are two of the many
gases found in the environment which move by diffusion across
moist membranes in animals. Breathing is a mechanical process
by which oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released. The
exchange of gases through inhalation and exhalation is called
respiration.

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
Here are the ways in which animals obtain oxygen:

From the air or water

through the moist
surface directly into the
body (e.g., amoeba,
flatworm)

Source: https://schoolbag.info/biology/living/197.html

From the air or water

through a thin, moist
body wall of blood
vessels (e.g.,
earthworm)

Source: https://www.google.com/search?q=Skin+system++earthwor
ms&client=firefox-b-
d&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiwharHu7nuAhURC6
YKHUdzAIIQ_AUoAXoECBgQAw&biw=1047&bih=501#imgrc=BjXF5NN
p0oHDOM

From the air through

spiracles (opening on
the thorax) or a
tracheal system to a
system of ducts to the
tissues (e.g., insects)

Source: https://schoolbag.info/biology/living/197.html

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
From water through
moist gill surfaces to
blood vessels (e.g.,
fishes, amphibians)

Source: https://schoolbag.info/biology/living/197.html

From the air through

moist lungs surface to
blood vessels (e.g.,
land snail, land
vertebrate)

Source: https://schoolbag.info/biology/living/197.html

Gas Exchange Systems

The respiratory system’s function is to exchange oxygen and
carbon dioxide between the air and the cells. In simple animals,
exchange of gases directly occurs with the environment, while in
some animals like mammals, breathing is done through the body's
nasal passages. The general body surface of most animals lacks
sufficient area to exchange gases for the whole organism. The
solution is a respiratory organ that is extensively folded or
branched, thereby enlarging the available surface area for gas
exchange. Air is a respiratory medium with plentiful O2. Water has
much less oxygen and greater density and viscosity, making gas
exchange more challenging in water than in air. The respiratory
surfaces (organs) where gas exchange with the respiratory
medium occurs must be moist, thin, and large enough to supply
the whole body. The following are the various types of gas
exchange systems used by animals:

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
1. Skin system - The skin or the body surface system is also known as
the integumentary system. Animals that live in moist environments
like worms and amphibians used their moist body surface to
breathe in oxygen. Capillaries or tiny vessels lie just below the skin
of worms to facilitate gas exchange between the external
environment and the circulatory system. The skin of frogs is made
up of very thin tissues, allowing smooth exchange of gases.

Source: https://www.brown.edu/Dep Source: http://earthwormresources.weebly.com/respiratory-

artments/Engineering/Courses/En123/ system.html=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCNCZpu_9rO4CFQAAAAAdAA
MuscleExp/Frog%20Respiration.htm AAABAD

2. Gills system - Fish and other aquatic animals use their gills to take
up the dissolved oxygen from water. Gills are thin tissue filaments
that are highly branched and folded. When water passes over the
gills, the dissolved oxygen in water rapidly diffuses across the thin
membranes of the gills into the bloodstream. On the other hand,
carbon dioxide in the bloodstream of the animals leaves through
the gills.

Source: https://schoolbag.info/biology/living/198.html

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3. Tracheal system - Insects,
such as grasshoppers and
spiders, use their tracheae to
facilitate gas exchange.
Tracheae consist of air tubes
called spiracles forming
network in the bodies of
insects. Spiracles connect to
the tubular network allowing
oxygen to pass into the body
and regulate the diffusion of
CO2 and water vapor.

4. Lung system - A pair of organs divided into small chambers

filled with capillaries called lungs are found inside the cavity of
land animals such as humans. The tube that connects the nose
and mouth to the lungs is called
trachea. The trachea divides into
two main bronchi (singular:
bronchus) (the left and right)
which further subdivides into
bronchioles. The tip of each
bronchiole is called alveolus
(plural: alveoli) wherein actual
gas exchange occurs. Lying flat
at the bottom of the chest cavity
(under the lungs) is the
diaphragm, a large muscle Source: https://www.google.com/search?q=lung+system+
high+definition+image&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjCs_GxvL
that aids in breathing by 7uAhVC7ZQKHUvaAuEQ2-
moving up and down. The rib cCegQIABAA&oq=lung+system+high+definition+image&g
s_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1CE1_MBWNP98wFg6__zAWgAcAB4AI
cage encloses the lungs and ABAIgBAJIBAJgBFKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclie
protects the respiratory organs nt=img&ei=8ZgSYIL3I8La0wTLtIuIDg&bih=501&biw=1047&client=fire
fox-b-d#imgrc=oWqHUwG81qrwLM
and the heart. Air is inhaled
through the nasal cavity and crosses the surfaces of the mucous
membrane. From the nasal cavity, air passes through the pharynx
and the larynx to the trachea. Particulates in the air are removed

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
in the nasal passages preventing damage to the trachea and
lungs.
When we breathe in or inhale, the diaphragm contracts and
the ribs move up making the size of the chest cavity larger,
allowing for more space and less air pressure inside the lungs. Air is
pushed in from the outside where there is higher pressure and is
pushed into the lungs where there is lower air pressure. When we
breathe out or exhale, the diaphragm relaxes and the ribs and
chest cavity return to their original place, decreasing the space
and increasing the air pressure inside the lungs. Air is pushed to the
outside where there is lower pressure.

PLANTS

Plants exchange their gases with the environment in a

straightforward way. In order to carry on photosynthesis, green
plants need a supply of carbon dioxide and a means of disposing
oxygen. An abundant supply of carbon dioxide must be present in
the leaf of a plant and oxygen from photosynthesis must be
removed. Contrary to animals, plants do not have specialized
organs for gas exchange. In aquatic plants, water passes among
the tissues providing a medium for gas exchange, while in
terrestrial plants, air enters the tissues and the gases diffuse into the
moisture bathing the internal cells. Each part of the plant takes
care of its own gas exchange needs. Diffusion is the only process
through which much needed oxygen is supplied to all the cells of
the plants. Diffusion occurs in leaves, roots, and stems.

Leaves
Plant leaf consists of stomata (singular: stoma) that allow gas
exchange between the surrounding air and the photosynthetic
cells inside the leaf. These stomata regulate CO 2 uptake for
photosynthesis and are the major avenues for the evaporative loss
of water. The term stoma refers to the stomatal pore flanked by
two guard cells, which regulate the opening and closing of the
pore.
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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
 Source: https://www.google.com/search?q=stomata+in+leaves&tbm=isch
&ved=2ahUKEwiZxa2G0b7uAhUJEKYKHQl8CfAQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=stomata+in+leaves&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1AAWABgvw
NoAHAAeAGAAQCIAQCSAQCYAQSqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZw&sclient=img&
ei=m64SYNmLG4mgmAWJ-KWADw&bih=501&biw=1047&client=firefox-b-
d#imgrc=bC38b_sbs7bZ7M

In between the upper and lower epidermal layers of a leaf is

a region called the mesophyll (from the Greek words mesos:
middle, phyll: leaf). Mesophyll consists mainly of parenchyma cells
specialized for photosynthesis. There are two distinct areas of
leaves: the palisade mesophyll consisting of one or more layers of
elongated parenchyma cells on the upper part of the leaf and
the spongy mesophyll below the palisade mesophyll. These
parenchyma cells are more loosely arranged, with a labyrinth of
air spaces through which CO2 and oxygen circulate around the
cells and up to the palisade region. The air spaces are particularly
large in the vicinity of the stomata, where gas exchange with the
outside air occurs.

Source: Campbell et al. Biology, 8th edition

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
Roots and Stems
Roots
Plant roots take oxygen from
the air that is present in between
the particles of soil. Root hair, an
extension of the root epidermal
cells, is in direct contact with the
soil. Oxygen diffuses in the root
hair, reaching all the other cells of
the roots. It is through the root
hairs that only carbon dioxide
gets diffused into them and is
expelled from the roots of a Source: https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-
plant. Respiration in roots of the knowledge/respiration-and-excretion-in-plants-
1457092137-1
plant occurs by diffusion of
oxygen and carbon dioxide
through the root hairs.

Stems
The hard stem of big plants and trees has lenticels in them.
Lenticels are in the small area of a bark. These cells are loosely
placed, allowing gaseous exchange of respiratory gases between
air and living cells of the woody stem.

Source: https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/respiration-and-excretion-in-plants-
1457092137-1

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

You have learned already that organisms require food,

water, and oxygen for survival. These are transported to different
parts of the body while wastes are excreted from the body. The
circulatory system functions to support life as it feeds our cells with
food and oxygen. Part of the task of this system is the removal of
waste products.

Animal Circulatory System

The heart and the blood vessels function to transport

substances and together form the circulatory system. More
complex animals have either open or closed circulatory systems.
In an open circulatory
system, there is no
distinction between blood
and interstitial fluid. This
general body fluid is more
correctly called
hemolymph. In a closed
circulatory system, blood is
confined to vessels and is
distinct from the interstitial
fluid. There are two divisions
of the circulatory system: Source: ncert.nic.in
the lymphatic division
(helps return tissue to the blood) and the blood division (a closed
circuit). There are three main parts of the circulatory system: the
heart, blood vessels, and blood.

The Human Heart

The heart is a bundle of muscles about the size of the fist. It is

located in the center of the chest in between the lungs and is
tilted to one side and points downward to the left. The heart is
divided into two chambers: the top chamber called atrium (plural:
atria) and the bottom chamber called the ventricle. Between
each atrium and ventricle is a valve that prevents the blood from
flowing backwards. It acts like a one-way door that keeps the
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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
blood move in only one direction. There are four bloods in the
heart: the tricuspid (right), bicuspid (left), pulmonary, and aortic
valves. The tricuspid and bicuspid valves open when the atria
contract. The pulmonary and aortic valves open when the
ventricles contract. We can have one heartbeat cycle when
these two phases are repeated. The heartbeat sound is caused by
the contraction of the muscles and the slamming shut of the
valves.

Blood Vessels

The circulatory system is a closed system, and blood moves

through the body in tubes called vessels. There are three kinds of
blood vessels that make up the circulatory system: arteries, veins,
and capillaries.

Arteries have thick muscular walls.

They are elastic and expand every time
the ventricles contract. They carry blood
away from the heart. The blood in the
arteries is bright red because it contains
much oxygen. The large artery is the
aorta. Veins have muscular walls but are
much thinner than the walls of the
arteries. They carry blood toward the
heart. The blood in the veins is blue in
Source: ncert.nic.in
color because it lacks oxygen. Some of
our veins can easily be seen as these are found right under the
surface of our skin. Capillaries are tiny vessels that connect arteries
to veins. The wall of capillaries is only one-cell thick and red blood
cells pass through them in single file.

The circulatory system is composed of two separate systems:

one part of the system pumps blood to the lungs and the other
part pumps blood to the body. Blood needs to go to the lungs to
pick up oxygen before it can proceed to the different parts of the
body.

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
Blood

What happens when you get a cut on your body? Blood

flows out. But what is blood? Blood is a fluid that carries most of the
materials necessary for life. It transports substances like digested
food from the small intestine to the other parts of the body and
carries oxygen from the lungs. There are two different parts of the
blood: the nonliving liquid part called plasma (yellowish fluid, 55%
of the blood) and the three kinds of cells (red blood cells, white
blood cells, and platelets – 45% of the blood).

Red blood cells (RBCs) also called erythrocytes are the key to
life. They constantly travel through the body, delivering oxygen
and removing waste. White blood cells (WBCs) are larger and less
numerous than RBC. They are also called leukocytes. They
circulate in the blood for weeks before leaving the blood and
entering other tissues. They also help defend the body against
infection. Platelets or thrombocytes are small, colorless cell
fragments in our blood that form clots and stop or prevent
bleeding. They are made in our bone marrow, the sponge-like
tissue in our bones. The bone marrow contains stem cells that
develop into red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Source: dbusiness.com Source: https://selfhacked.com/blog/how-to-

increase-and-decrease-white-blood-cells/

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
EXCRETORY SYSTEM IN HUMANS

How can wastes present in the blood be removed from the

body? Blood capillaries in the kidneys filter the blood. The blood
that reaches the two kidneys contains
both useful and harmful substances. The
useful substances are absorbed back into
the blood, while wastes dissolved in water
are removed as urine. From the kidneys,
the urine goes into the urinary bladder
through tube-like ureters, stored in the
bladder, and is passed out through the
urinary opening at the end of a muscular
tube called urethra. The kidneys, ureters,
bladder and urethra form the excretory
system. The urine consists of the following:
95% water, 2.5% urea, and 2.5% other
waste products. Source: ncert.nic.in

You may have noticed that during a hot summer we sweat a

lot. The sweat contains water and salts which appear as patches
formed on our clothes, especially in areas like underarms. These
marks are left by salts present in the sweat.

TRANSPORT OF SUBSTANCES IN PLANTS

Plants take water and mineral nutrients from the soil through
the roots and transport it to the leaves. Using water and carbon
dioxide, the leaves prepare food for the plant through the process
of photosynthesis. Remember that food is the source of energy,
and organisms acquire energy from the breakdown of glucose to
carry out essential life processes. How are water and nutrients
absorbed by the roots and transported to the leaves?

Transport of Water and Minerals

Plant roots play an important role in the absorption of water

and minerals. These have root hairs. Plants have pipe-like vessels
made of special cells, forming the vascular tissue, to transport
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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
water and nutrients from the soil. Plants have pipes that transport
water to the entire plant just like what we have at home for the
supply water. There are two types of vascular tissues in plants: the
xylem and the phloem.

a. Xylem - tissues that form a continuous network of channels

connecting roots to the leaves through the stem and transporting
water and nutrients to the entire plant

b. Phloem - tissues that transport sugars from the leaves down to

the rest of the plant

Source: http://mrmitchellsbiology.weebly.com/parts-of-a-plant.html

Transpiration

Plants release a lot of water through the process of

transpiration. Plants absorb mineral nutrients and water from the
soil, but not all the water absorbed is utilized by the plant. The
water evaporates through the stomata present on the surface of
the leaves by transpiration. The evaporation of water from leaves
generates a suction pull (similar to sucking water through a straw),
pulling the water to great heights in tall trees. Transpiration cools
the plant.

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
PERFORMANCE TASKS

Task 1: GAS EXCHANGE IN ANIMALS

Directions: Complete the following table that summarizes the

structure and function of respiratory system in different kinds of
animals. Write your answers in your notebook.
Organism Name of respiratory Description of process
surface (organ) by which gas exchange
occurs
Insect
Fish
Frog
Mammal

Task 2: GAS EXCHANGE IN PLANTS

Directions: Label the following diagram of a stoma and answer
the questions that follow. Write your answers in your notebook.

3. What is the role of stomata in plants?

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
WRITTEN TASK

COMPLETE THE STATEMENTS. Fill in the blanks with the correct

word(s) to complete the sentences below. Write your answers in
your notebook.

1. The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the

body by ________.
2. Hemoglobin is present in _____ cells.
3. Arteries and veins are joined by a network of _______.
4. The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is
______.
5. They _______ carry blood toward the heart.
6. ________ play an important role in the absorption of water
and minerals.
7. The water evaporates through the stomata present on the
surface of the leaves by ___________.
8. ________ are tissues that transport sugars from the leaves
down to the rest of the plant.
9. ________ are tissues that form a continuous network of
channels connecting roots to the leaves through the stem
and transporting water and nutrients to the entire plant.
10. Plants take water and mineral nutrients from the soil through
the roots and transport it to the ________.

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
III. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
EVALUATION/POST-TEST

A. Venn Diagram. Compare and contrast gas exchange and

transport/circulation in plants and animals. Write your answers in
your notebook. (5 points)

Plants Animals

B. Short Essay. Answer the following question briefly. Write your

answer in your notebook.

Why are gas exchange, circulation, and transport important to

the survival of organisms?
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Rubric:
Content 5 points
Organization 5 points
Grammar 5 points
TOTAL 15 points

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
REFERENCES

Bayo-ang, R., Coronacion, ML., Jorda, A., and Restubog,

AJ. “Earth and Life Science for Senior High School.”
Quezon City: Educational Resources Corporation,
2016

Campbell, Neil A., Reece, Jane B. , Lisa A., Urry, Cain,

Michael L., Wasserman, Steven A., Minorsky, Peter
V., and Jackson, Robert B. “Biology, 8th Edition.”
San Francisco: Pearson Education, Inc., 2008

Mangali, G. and Oliva, M. “DIWA Senior High School

Series: Earth and Life Science Module.” Makati:
DIWA Learning Systems Inc., 2016

Exchanging gases. www.hi.com.au

https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_B
iology/Book%3A_Biology_(Kimball)/16%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Phy
siology_of_Plants/16.02%3A_Plant_Physiology/16.2D%3A_Gas_Exch
ange_in_Plants

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-
biology/chapter/systems-of-gas-exchange/

http://mrmitchellsbiology.weebly.com/parts-of-a-plant.html

https://studyres.com/doc/16389455/compare-and-contrast-
process-in-plants-and-animals--gas-e...

https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/biology/biology/gas-
exchange/mechanisms-for-gas-exchange

https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/respiration-and-
excretion-in-plants-1457092137-1

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NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

JOELYZA M. ARCILLA EdD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

MARCELO K. PALISPIS EdD JD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

NILITA L. RAGAY EdD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent / CID Chief

ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMS)

ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
PSDS – Division Science Coordinator

MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)

ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)

LIEZEL A. AGOR
Writer

IVANNE RAY A. GIDOR

Layout Artist
_________________________________
ALPHA QA TEAM

LIEZEL A. AGOR
MA. OFELIA I. BUSCATO
ANDRE ARIEL B. CADIVIDA
THOMAS JOGIE U. TOLEDO

BETA QA TEAM

LIEZEL A. BESAS
JOAN B. VALENCIA
LIELIN A. DE LA ZERNA
PETER PAUL A. PATRON
THOMAS JOGIE U. TOLEDO

DISCLAIMER

The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide
accessible learning modality to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The
contents of this module are carefully researched, chosen, and evaluated to comply with the set
learning competencies. The writers and evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to
information and illustrations used to substantiate this material. All content is subject to copyright
and may not be reproduced in any form without expressed written consent from the division.

21
NegOr_Q4_GenBio2_SLKWeek2_v2
 10. leaves

SYNOPSIS
9. Xylem
8. Phloem
7. transpiration

This self-learning kit contains

6. plant roots
5. veins
discussions and activities based on the 4. heartbeat
3. capillaries

competency
2. red blood cells
1. arteries
WRITTEN TASK
“Compare and contrast the following evaporates from plant surfaces through the stomata.
processes in plants and animals: dioxide diffuse into and out of leaves and stems. Water vapor also

reproduction, development, nutrition, gas

3. Stomata provide the passage through which oxygen and carbon
2. Guard cell
exchange, transport/circulation, regulation A. 1. Stomatal pore
TASK 2
of body fluids, chemical and nervous
control, immune systems, and sensory and
motor mechanisms” in General Biology 2,
specifically on plant and animal gas
exchange and transport/circulation.
Learners are expected to accomplish
the learning objectives and understand the
concepts of gas exchange and
transport/circulation, compare and contrast
plant and animal gas exchange and
transport/circulation, and be able to relate
the lesson to real-life situations.

Answer may vary

B. ANSWER ME

form the circulatory system.

heart and the blood vessels function to transport substances and together TASK 1
from the soil through the roots and transport it to the leaves. In animals, the PERFORMANCE TASK
release carbon dioxide as a by-product. Plants take water and mineral nutrients
releasing carbon dioxide. Animals use oxygen for cellular respiration and will die.
released in this process. Plants also use oxygen for cellular respiration, 3. Oxygen keeps body cells alive. Without oxygen, the cells of the body
external surroundings. Carbon dioxide is used for photosynthesis; oxygen is 2. Oxygen, carbon dioxide
Possible Answer: Plants exchange both carbon dioxide and oxygen with their 1. Answer may vary
A. Venn Diagram PRE-ACTIVITY
ANSWER KEY
EVALUATION/POST-TEST

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

LIEZEL A. AGOR is a graduate of Bachelor of Science in Biology,
cum laude, at Negros Oriental State University, Main Campus I,
Dumaguete City in 2011. She was a recipient of the DOST-SEI
scholarship grant under R.A. 7687. She earned units in education in
the same school through Continuing Professional Education (CPE)
program in 2016. At present, she is a Special Science Teacher I
handling Grade 11 students at Siaton National High School and at
the same time an adviser and Senior High School Science
coordinator.
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