Additional problems matrix algebra

45. Solve the following systems of linear equations:

2x 1  4x 2  5x 3  4 x1  x 2  x 3  6
(a) x 1  3x 2  2x 3  1 (b) 2x 1  3x 2  2x 3  2
2x 1  10x 2  x 3  14 x 1  x 2  5x 3  18

46. Solve the following systems of linear equations:

x  2y  4z  6  0 2x 1  3x 2  x 3  5
(a) 2z  y  3  0 (b) x 1  4x 2  5x 3  3
x  y  2z  1  0 x 1  3x 2  2x 3  4

47. Solve the following system:

x2  x 3  1  x 4
x 2  x 3  2  x1  x 4
4x 2  4x 3  6  2x 1

48. Find for which value(s) of the constant a the next system of linear equations has infinitely many solutions
and find those solutions:

x 1  x 2  ax 3  2
3x 1  4x 2  2x 3  a
2x 1  3x 2  x 3  1

49. Solve the system:

x 1  x 2  3x 3  4
x1  x 2  x 3  x 4  9
3x 1  x 2  5x 3  x 4  1

50. Find the inverses of the following matrices:

1 2 1 2 4 8
   
   
(a) 2 1 1 (b) 2 4 6
   
1 18 4 4 6 8
   

2 1 1  4
   
   
51. Given is the matrix: A  1 4 4 and the vector: y  9


   
1 0 2  1
   
(a) Find the inverse A1
 
(b) Solve the system A  x  y
 4 3 2 1
 
3 2 1 0
 
52. Find the inverse of: 
2 1 0 0
 
1 0 0 0

 
1 b 2 1 
 
53. Given the matrix: B  1 1 1 
 
1 1 b 2  1
 

(a) Find the determinant of B .

(b) For which value(s) of b the matrix B has no inverse matrix ?
(c) Find the inverse of B for b = 0.
 
(d) Solve the system B  x  0 for b = 0.
 
(e) Solve the system B  x  0 for b = 1.

54. For country X, whose economy is divided into 2 sectors, the input-output table for the year 1992 is given
by: (in million $)

1992 sector 1 sector 2 final demand total production

sector 1 240 750 210 1200

sector 2 720 450 330 1500

(a) Find the matrix of technical coefficients A

(b) Find the inverse Leontief matrix (I  A)1 (Use cofactors)
(c) In 1993 final demand of sector 1 increases to 230 and final demand of sector 2 decreases to 320. Find the
total producion of both sectors for 1993. (Assume the matrix of technical coefficients stays the same).
(d) Find the (2×2) input-output matrix and find the primary costs for 1993.

55. Country Y has its economy divided in two sectors. The input-output table for 1998 is given (in millions of
euros) by:

1998 sector 1 sector 2 final demand total production

sector 1 300 800 400 1500

sector 2 900 400 700 2000


(a) Give, in matrix notation, the relationship between the vector of the total production q and the vector of the

final demand f .
(b) One year later the total final demand f1  f2 of both sectors increases with 2 % and the total production
q1  q2 of both sectors together increases to 3560. Find the total productions q1 and q 2 of both sectors for
1999.
(c) Find the (2×2) input-output matrix and find the primary costs (other production factors) for 1999.
56. A city whose economy is divided in two sectors (X and Y) has for a certain year as input-output table
(in millions of €):

year sector X sector Y final demand total production

sector X 50 120 30 200

sector Y 80 60 160 300

(a) Find the technology matrix.

(b) One year later the final demand of sector Y increases to 200 while the final demand of sector X stays the
same. Find the total production of both sectors for that year.
(c) Find the (2,2) input-output matrix and find the primary costs (other production factors) for that year.
(Round your answers to 1 decimal).
(d) One more year later total production of sector Y is 110 more than total production of sector X while final
demand of sector X has increased to 40. Find the final demand of sector Y for that year.

57. Let: f (x , y, z )  x 3  2y 2  z 2  2yz  3x  12y

Find stationary points and classify.

58. Let: f (x 1, x 2 , x 3 , x 4 )  3x 12  5x 22  x 32  2x 4 2  3x 1x 2  2x 1x 4  2x 2x 4  9x 1  13x 2  2x 3

Find stationary points and classify.

59. In a production process for 3 goods the cost function is given by: c  q 2  30q  7500 where:
q  q1  q 2  q 3
The demand functions are:
p1  280  6q1
p2  510  7q2
p3  640  8q 3
Write profit  as a function of q1, q 2 and q 3 and then, find stationary points of  and classify.

60. Let: f (x 1, x 2 , x 3 , x 4 )  12x 2  4x 3  6x 4  2x 3x 4  4x 12  x 32  2x 42  4x 2 3

Find stationary points and classify.

61. Demand. A firm finds that when the price of its product is p dollars per unit, the number of units sold is q,
as indicated in the following table:

Price p 10 20 40 50 60 70
Demand q 75 65 56 50 42 34

Find an equation of the regression line of q on p.

62. Water and Crop Yield. On a farm, an agronomist finds that the amount of water applied (in inches) and
the corresponding yield of a certain crop (in tons per acre) are as given in the following table:

Water, x 8 16 24 32
Yield, y 5.2 5.7 6.3 6.7

Find an equation of the regression line of y on x. Predict y when x = 20.