INSTRUCTION:

Answer all questions

1. Figure 1 is as diagram of a plant cell that was placed in a concentrated solution of

sodium chloride.

a. Name the part of a plant which is:

i. Fully permeable
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ii. Selectively permeable
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b. Name the parts labeled
A._______________________ (1 mark) B._____________________ (1 mark)
c. i. Draw a diagram to show what would happen to the cell in figure 1 if it
was placed in pure water.

(3 marks)

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 ii. Explain your answer in 1Ci
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2. The worlds population growth is ever increasing at a freighting rate. By the year 1930
it had reached 2000 million and by the year 2000 some people estimate that the world
population will have reached 7.5 billion.
a. What type of growth curve would represent the information stated above?
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b. What is the biological definition of the word population?
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c. Give three reasons for such an increase in the human population growth trend.
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3. Figure 3 is a diagram of a cross section of a leaf.

a. Write down two differences that you can see between palisade mesophyll and the
spongy mesophyll.
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b. At night there is diffusion gradient for oxygen from the atmosphere to the
mesophyll, but during the day there is a diffusion gradient for oxygen from the
mesophyll to the atmosphere.
i. Which structures in the mesophyll cells maintain this gradient during the
night?
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ii. Which structures in the mesophyll cell maintain the diffusion gradient for
oxygen during the day?
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4. Figure 3 shows a plant known as cactus use it to answer the questions that follow.

a. i. Suggest a possible environment where the plant in figure 3 would grow.

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ii. State one adaptation shown in the diagram which would assist the plant to
survive in its habitat.
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iii. Explain how the adaptation 4a ii would help the plant to survive in its
habitat.
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b. Describe 2 ways how hydrophytes are adapted to their environment.
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5. Figure 4 is a diagram representing gas exchange between a leaf and the atmosphere.
Use it to answer the questions that follow.

a. What process in the leaf leads to this gas exchange shown in figure 4?
__________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
b. List 2 characteristics of a leaf that enable gas exchange shown in figure 4.
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c. What is the function of the midrib?

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 __________________________________________________________________
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6. Figure 5 represents a process taking place in a plant. Use it to answer questions that
follow.

a. i. Name the products

K________________________ (1 mark)L________________________ (1 mark)
ii. Name the process through which K and L are produced.
_________________________________________________________ (2 marks)
b. i. Name the process by which N gets into the leaf.
_________________________________________________________ (2 marks)
ii. Mention one adaptation of a leaf that enables it to get substance N.
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c. State and describe X stage of this process.
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7. Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section of phloem tissue. Use it to answer the questions
that follows:

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 a. Name the parts marked.
A ___________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
B ___________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
C ___________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
b. Give one structural difference between xylem and phloem.
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c. State two structural difference between xylem and phloem.
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d. State 1 function difference between xylem and phloem.
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e. Xylem tissue consists no two sorts of cells. What are the cells?
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f. Why do xylem vessels not collapse even when they do not contain water?
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g. Why do animal cells burst when put in pure water while plant cells do not?
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8. With the aid of a diagram describe an experiment that show diffusion using Irish
potato, salt, distilled water.

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9. Explain 5 functions of the liver related to digestion.
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___________________________________________________________________________
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10. The figure below shows optimum pH for enzymes G, H and I. use it answer questions
that follow.

a. Which enzymes is likely to be produced by the stomach?

__________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
b. What would happen to the activity of enzyme G at pH 8?
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_________________________________________________________ (2 marks)
c. What conclusion would be drawn from the information shown by the graph?
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11. Figure below is showing a diagram of a feather.

a. Name the parts labelled A and B.

A ______________________ (1 mark) B _______________________ (1 mark)
b. What type of feather is shown in the figure?
__________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
c. Give 2 ways in which a bird wing is adapted to flying.
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12. a. Define transpiration stream.
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b. Explain any two importance of transpiration to plant.
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