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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
N a t i o n a l C a pi t a l Re g i o n
Sc h o o l s D i v i s i o n O f f i c e o f La s Pi ñ a s C i t y

NAME: ___________________________________________ Score:______________

GRADE & SECTION ____________________________ Teacher: _____________

MODULE IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE NC-2

GRADE-11
Fourth Quarter
Week 1

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

• Fire Detection and Alarm System. TLE_IAEI912EP-Ia-j-1

OBJECTIVES
1. Identify fire detection and alarm system.
2. Describe the different types of fire detection and alarm system
3. Familiarize schematic and pictorial diagram of fire detection and alarm
system.
PRE-TEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What kind of fire and alarm system designed to discover fire early in their
development when time will be still available for safe evacuation of
• occupants?
Identify the components of an investigation research problem, hypothesis, method for
testing hypothesis and conclusions based on evidence S7MT-Ia-b1.2
A. Alarm System C. Fire Detection
B. Automatic Fire Alarm D. Fire Detection System
2. What kind of fire and alarm system that provide notice to at least the
building
occupants and usually transmit signal?
A. Alarm System C. Fire Detection System
B. Automatic Fire Alarm D. Fire Detection
3. What kind of fire and alarm system that detects fire by monitoring
environment
changes?
A. Alarm System C. Fire Detection
B. Automatic fire Alarm D. Fire Detection System
4. What kind of fire and alarm system that monitoring device which will
contact fire brigade?
A. Alarm System C. Fire Alarm
B. Automatic Fire Alarm D. Fire Alarm Panel
5. What is the process by which an atom on the molecules acquire negative
and positive charge?
A. Smoke Detector C. Photoelectric Effect
B. Ionization D. Fire Alarm System
6. What kind of alarm that has a small amount of radioactive materials
between two electrically charges plates?
A. Flame alarm C. Flame detector
B. Smoke alarm D. Smoke detector

7. What kind of alarm system that detects the occurrence of an event that
may result to fire?
A. Smoke Detector C. Heat Detector
B, Flame Detector D. Photoelectric Effect
8. What kind of alarm system device that detects, senses of smoke?
A. Smoke Detector C. Photoelectric Effect
B. Ionization D. Fire Alarm System.

9. What kind of alarm system device designed to respond when the

connected thermal energy of the fire increases?
A. Heat Detector C. Fire Alarm
B. Smoke Detector D. Photoelectric Smoke Detector.
10. What alarm system device used to detect a large particle of smoke?
A. Heat Detector C. Fire Alarm
B. Smoke Detector D. Photoelectric Smoke Detector.
Fire Detection and Alarm System
A building's fire protection system plays an important role in providing
the building and its occupants with protection in the event of a fire.
Fire detection systems are designed to discover fires early in their
development when time will still be available for the safe evacuation of
occupants. ...Alarm system provide notice to at least the building
occupants and usually transmit a signal to a staffed monitoring station
either on or off site.
Most fire alarm systems are made up of the following components:

• Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP)

• Primary and Backup Power supply.
• Alarm Initiating Device.
• Alarm Notification Device.
• Remote control and Display Panels.
• Building Safety Interface.
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Pictorial Diagram of a fire Alarm and Detection System

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An automatic fire alarm system detects fire by monitoring environmental

changes associated with fire, smoke and heat. AFAs are there to notify the
building occupants to evacuate should there be a fire or other emergency
Fire alarm panels are activated in different ways; they may consist of smoke
detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors and manual break glass points. ...
Some fire alarm panel may be connected to a monitoring device which will
contact the fire brigade.
There are three main types of fire alarm monitoring system: ionization,
photoelectric, and combination alarm. Below we will discuss each type of
alarm and how they can help detect fires.
When this level of alarm is sounded, it means there is a typical fire in some
sort of a small structure, such as a house. This typically results in three to five
units being sent, for instance three pumpers and two more personnel units

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Fire alarm systems use automatic functions to detect the occurrence of

an event that may result in a fire. They receive a signal from a fire sensor
(smoke, heat or carbon monoxide detector) and automatically transmit it to
the fire alarm panel. There are three main types of fire
alarm monitoring system: ionization, photoelectric, and combination alarms.
The two main types of smoke detectors on the market include ionization
detectors and photoelectric detectors.
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 Fire alarm panels are activated in different ways; they may consist of
smoke detectors, heat detectors, flame detectors and manual break glass
points. Some fire alarm panel may be connected to a monitoring device which
will contact the fire brigade.

There are three main types of fire alarm monitoring system: ionization,
photoelectric, and combination alarm. Below we will discuss each type of
alarm and how they can help detect fires.

When this level of alarm is sounded, it means there is a typical fire in some
sort of a small structure, such as a house. This typically results in three to five
units being sent, for instance three pumpers and two more personnel units

Fire alarm systems use automatic functions to detect the occurrence of

an event that may result in a fire. They receive a signal from a fire sensor
(smoke, heat or carbon monoxide detector) and automatically transmit it to
the fire alarm panel.

There are three main types of fire alarm monitoring system: ionization,
photoelectric, and combination alarms. The two main types of smoke
detectors on the market include ionization detectors and
photoelectric detectors.

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Photoelectric Smoke Detectors are best at detecting the large particles

typical of smoky, smoldering fires but poor at detecting fast, flaming fires.
Photoelectric units are less prone to false alarm from burnt food, so they may
be a better fit in kitchen areas.

Four goals: (a) prevent fire from starting, (b) prevent loss of life in case fire does
start, (c) confine fire to its origin, and (d) extinguish fire.

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 Types of Fire Protection

• Wet Fire Sprinkler Systems. – The wet-pipe system employs automatic

sprinklers attached to a piping system connected to a water supply. ...
• Dry Pipe Systems.
• Special Hazard Fire Protection Systems.
• Dry chemical Fire Suppression Systems.
• Gaseous Fire Suppression Systems.
• Foam Fire Suppression Systems.

Ionization or ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule

acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in
conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged
atom or molecule is called an ion.

photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons when electromagnetic

radiation, such as light, hits a material. Electrons emitted in this manner are
called photoelectrons

Fire detectors sense one or more of the products or phenomena resulting

from fire, such as smoke, heat, infrared and/or ultraviolet light radiation, or
gas.

Fire detection

• Heat detector.
• Smoke detector.
• Flame detector.
• Fire gas detector.
Fire detection and alarm systems are designed to receive certain types of
signals from devices and perform an action based upon the type of signal
received. Some signals may indicate a fire condition, while others may indicate
that a device on the system needs to be serviced.

Fire Detection
All workplaces should have arrangements for detecting fire. IS 3218 gives
a basis for assessing what type of detection system will be appropriate for a
workplace and will also give guidance of its installation.

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Smoke Detectors –Detect a Fire Starting

Consideration must be given to any parts of the workplace where a fire
could start and spread undetected. This could be a storage area or a basement
that is not visited on a regular basis, or a part of the workplace that has been
temporarily vacated, for example at mealtimes. Fires that start and develop
unnoticed can pose a serious danger to people in the workplace.
In workplaces where fire could develop for some time before being
discovered, it’s important to protect vital escape routes, particularly staircases,
with fire-resisting construction which may include fire-resisting doors.
Installing an effective, reliable automatic fire detection system, linked to
an effective fire warning system, can sometimes allow people to reassess the
degree of structural fire protection required on escape routes. This can provide
a more cost-effective and convenient fire precaution. However, the whole
subject of trade-offs between structural protection and other fire protection
systems is a complex one and such decisions should only be made after
consultation with your local fire authority.
Automatic fire detectors or smoke alarms do not remove the need to
provide a means for people to manually raise a fire warning, and this will be
essential in the majority of workplaces.

Fire Warning
In almost all buildings, a suitable electrically operated fire warning
system, with manual call points positioned both on exit routes and adjacent to
final exits should be installed. This should have sufficient sounders for the
warning to be clearly heard throughout the workplace. The sound used as a
fire warning should be distinct from other sounds in the workplace and, where
background noise levels are high or an employee has a hearing impairment, it
may also be necessary to install a visual alarm such as a distinctive flashing or
rotating light.

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 Fire Alarm Sounder

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In more complex buildings such as retail premises, where the evacuation

system is based on staged or phased evacuation, or where people are
unfamiliar with the fire warning arrangements, the landlord or employer might
consider installing a voice evacuation system. The system could form part of a
public address system and could give both fire warning signals and verbal
instructions in the event of fire.
Where a public address system is used in conjunction with a fire warning
system, both should over-ride any other function of the equipment (such as
playing music). The public address element of the system should give clear
verbal instructions and should over-ride the fire warning signal - this should be
distinct from other signals which may be in general use.
If an automatic fire detection system and a manually operated electrical alarm
system are installed in the same workplace, they should normally be
incorporated into a single integral system. Voice evacuation systems should be
similarly integrated to prevent confusion.

Fire Detection and Warning Checklist

The following is a useful checklist which will help ensure that
fire precautions are instigated and maintained to an acceptable
standard.

• Where necessary, is a fire detection and alarm system installed?

• Is all fire detection and alarm equipment regularly checked?
• Are there instructions for relevant employees about testing of equipment?
• Are those who test and maintain the equipment properly trained to do
so?
• Can the existing means of detection discover a fire quickly enough to
raise an alarm in time for all the occupants to escape to a safe place?
• Can the means for giving warning be clearly heard and understood
throughout the whole premises when initiated from any single point?

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 • If the fire detection and warning system is electrically powered, does it
have a back-up power supply?
• Have you told your employees about your fire warning system, will they
know how to operate it and respond to it?
• Are there instructions for your employees on how to operate the fire
warning system and what action they should take on hearing a warning?
• Have you included the fire detection and fire warning arrangements in
your emergency plan?

POST-TEST
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What form of energy is transferred between two substance at different
temperature?
A. Flame C. Gas
B. Heat D. Smoke
2. What is the process by which atom or a molecule acquire a negative and
positive charge by gaining or losing electrons.
A. Ionization C. Radiation
B. Heat D. Smoke
3. What is the form of energy that travel waves or high-speed particles?
A. Alarm C. Flame
B. Radiation D. Photo effect
4. Which electrically charge is release from or with a material when it
absorbs electromagnetic radiation?
A. Heat detector C. Photoelectric effect
B. Radiation D. Smoke detector
5. Which visible suspension of carbon or other particle in air are emitted
from a burning substance?
A. Flame C. Smoke
B. Heat D. Gas
6. What kind of detector that are more responsive to fire that begin with a
long period of smoldering?
A. Heat detector C. Flame detector
B. Smoke detector D. Smoke alarm
7. What is a small amount of radioactive materials between two electrically
charges plates?
A. Flame alarm C. Flame detector
B. Smoke alarm D. Smoke detector

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8. What kind of detector that is used to detect flame?
A. Flame detector C. Heat detector
B. Smoke detector D. Photoelectric alarm.
9. What kind of alarm operates with the use of light source, photoelectric
sensor and beam collimating system?
A. Flame alarm C. Heat alarm
B. Smoke alarm D. Photoelectric alarm.
10. What kind of alarm that has a small amount of radioactive
material which passes through the ionization chambers?
A. ionization alarm C. Photoelectric alarm
B. Heat Alarm D. Smoke alarm

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 NAME: ___________________________________________ Score: ______________
GRADE & SECTION ____________________________ Teacher: _____________

MODULE IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE NC-2

GRADE-11
Fourth Quarter
Week 2

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

• Smoke and Fire Detector- TLE_IAEI912EP-Ia-j-1
OBJECTIVES
1. Identify smoke and fire detector.
2. Describe the different types of smoke and fire detector.
3. Value the importance of smoke and fire detector.
PRE-TEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following device are more responsive to fire that begin with
• aIdentify the components
long period of an investigation research problem, hypothesis, method for
of smoldering?
testing hypothesis
A. Heat detectorand conclusions based on
C. evidence S7MT-Ia-b1.2
Flame detector
B. Smoke detector D. Smoke alarm
2. What is a small amount of radioactive materials between two electrically
charges plates?
A. Flame alarm C. Flame detector
B. Smoke alarm D. Smoke detector
3. What is the type of device that detect fire nearly at a point of ignition,
used to detect flame?
A. Flame detector C. Heat detector
B. Smoke detector D. Photoelectric alarm.
4. What is a small amount of radioactive material which passes through the
ionization chambers?
A. ionization alarm C. Photoelectric alarm
B. Heat Alarm D. Smoke alarm
5. What form of energy transferred between two substance at different
temperature?
A. Flame C. Gas
B. Heat D. Smoke

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 6. Which atom or a molecule acquire a negative and positive charge by
gaining or losing electrons?
A. Ionization C. Radiation
B. Heat D. Smoke
7. What is the type of fire detector that are great for detecting small fires?
A. Alarm Detector C. Flame detector
B. Radiation D. Photoelectric smoke detector
8. What phenomenon in which electrically charge is release from or with a
material when it absorbs electromagnetic radiation?
A. Heat detector C. Photoelectric effect
B. Radiation D. Smoke detector
9. What is a visible suspension of carbon or other particle in air are emitted
from a burning substance?
A. Flame C. Smoke
B. Heat D. Gas
10. What types of alarm operates with the use of light source,
photoelectric sensor and beam collimating system?
A. Flame alarm C. Heat alarm
B. Smoke alarm D. Photoelectric alarm.

Fire Alarm

When it comes to protecting people, it is critical to warn building

occupants before smoke accumulates. Some types of fires “smolder,” or burn
very slowly without flames. Burning slowly causes incomplete combustion,
which in turn generates more smoke, carbon monoxide, and other poisonous
gases. Smoldering fires also generate very little heat, making them difficult to
detect with heat detectors. When people are harmed during a fire, the culprit is
almost always smoke and poisonous gases like CO: not the heat or flames.

Smoke Alarms
A small amount of radioactive material between two electrically charged
plates, which ionizes the air and causes current to flow between the plates.
When smoke enters the chamber, it disrupts the flow of ions, thus reducing the
flow of current and activating the alarm. Heat detectors are used to trigger fire
sprinklers or other types of fire suppression systems
There are two types of smoke alarms in general use for home smoke
alarm: photoelectric and ionization Smoke and carbon monoxide detector are
essential safety equipment for your home. Smoke alarm sound an alarm when
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they sense the presence of smoke particles in the air, while carbon monoxide
detector sound an alarm when toxic levels of the invisible and odorless gas are
detected

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Smoke Detector Schematic Diagram

It's important to remember that heat detector do not pick up signs of

smoke, which is usually one of the first signs of a fire. So, to ensure your
building is safeguarded against both, it's a good idea to use a heat
alarm alongside smoke alarm. Best smoke detector overall: first alert Smoke
and carbon monoxide Alarm. The four types of fire detectors are heat,
ionization, photoelectric, and ionization/photoelectric. The differences in each
of these how they detect fires, heat being from temperature, and the other three
being from smoke. The best detector is the combination
ionization/photoelectric.

Different types of fire detection equipment.

Heat Detectors

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Unlike other types of alarm systems, heat detectors are not early warning
devices. These devices are typically found in spots with fixed temperature,
including heater closets, small rooms, and kitchen facilities. They should not
be installed in areas with fluctuating ambient temperature. This is because the
alarm on heat detectors is set to go off if there is a rise in the temperature.

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Flame Detectors

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Like their name suggests, these detectors are used to detect flames.
When working properly, they detect fire nearly at the point of ignition. They are
very useful for buildings involving with hazardous processes, as well as gas and
oil refineries and manufacturing industries.
There are three subcategories of flame detectors: optical, UV, and IR.
Optical detectors: The most commonly used, these feature optical sensors for
detecting flames. UV detectors: These work very quickly. They can detect open
flames, explosions, and fires within four milliseconds, due to the UV radiation
emitted at the instant of ignition. However, to prevent accidental triggers, some
UV detectors are designed to integrate a three second time delay. IR detectors:
Infrared detectors monitor the head radiation that is generated by open flames
and fire. They have a response time of three to five seconds. Accidental triggers
can be caused by nearby hot surfaces and background thermal radiation. False
alarms can be decreased with the use of special programming algorithms,
which are designed to recognize the frequency of flame flickering.

Smoke Detectors

Smoke alarms are designed to detect fires quickly. Like flame detectors,
this fire detection equipment is divided into three subcategories.

Photoelectric alarms: These operate with the use of a light source,

photoelectric sensor, and beam collimating system. When smoke begins to
enter the optical chamber, it crosses the light beam path. This results in light
being scattered by the particles in the smoke. The scattered light is then
directed to the sensor, after which the alarm is activated and sounded

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 Ionization alarms: A small amount of radioactive material, which passes
through the ionization chamber, is contained inside of these alarms. There are
two electrodes inside the chamber, with empty space in between. The radiation
permits a small current between the two.

Types of Fire Detectors

There are four main types of fire detectors that can help you protect your
building. Once you know the difference between the detectors, you’ll be able to
decide which one is right for your office or building.
The main difference between the four fire detectors is whether they detect heat
or smoke. Overall, the best choice would be to buy an ionization and
photoelectric detector. However, that could vary depending on what type of
building you have.
Main Types of Fire Detectors

Heat Detector

Heat detectors are generally used in storage closets, warehouses or other

rooms that aren’t frequently occupied. They will alert you when there’s a rise in
the room temperature or if there’s a significant amount of heat in the room.
The issue with heat detectors is they take a little longer to detect a fire than
smoke detectors. However, they have fewer false alarms because they don’t go
off when there’s steam, dust, humidity or precipitation.

Ionization Smoke Detector

Ionization smoke detectors are usually found in commercial kitchens and
restaurants. They activate when there’s smoke present in the air. The detector
has two metal plates inside, which have a constant electric current that flows
back and forth. Once smoke enters the chamber, the current will no longer flow
and the alarm will sound.

Photoelectric Smoke Detector

Photoelectric detectors are great for detecting small fires. They are
similar to ionization detectors, but instead of using an electric current, they
use a beam of light to detect smoke. When smoke enters the chamber on the
photoelectric detector, then it will interfere with the light and the alarm will go
off.

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Ionization and Photoelectric Smoke Detector

A smoke detector that senses both ionization and photoelectric smoke is

the best way to arm your building. This detector combines both the ionization
and photoelectric detectors to work as one unit. When there’s smoke in the air,
it will disrupt both the beam of light and electric current, which will cause the
alarm to sound. The best thing about this detector is it works as a 2-in-1
system; however, it won’t be able to detect heat.

POST-TEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What types of alarm is designed to detect fires quickly?
A. Smoke Alarm C. Flame Alarm
B. Heat Alarm D. All of these
2. What form of energy is transferred between system or object with
different temperature?
A. Flame C. Smoke
B. Heat D. Photo Effect
3. Which of the following is the first sign of fire?
A. Burn C. Heat
B. Flame D. Smoke
4. Which of the following has a characteristic of a hot bright stream of a
burning gas?
A. Heat C. Flame
B. smoke D. Steam
5. What alarm device is designed to respond when the convicted thermal
energy of a fire increases the temperature of a heat sensitive elements.
A. Flame detector C. Heat Detector
B. Smoke Detector D. Photoelectric
6. What type of fire detection equipment that are used to detect flames?
A. Flame Detector C. Heat Detector
B. Smoke Detector D. Photoelectric
7. What is the electronic fire protection device that automatically sense the
presence of smoke?
A. Ionization Alarm C. Photoelectric
B. Photoelectric Alarm D. Smoke Detector
8. What type of alarm device used to operate with the use of light source,
photoelectric sensors and beam collimating system?
A. Heat Alarm C. Flame Alarm
B. Smoke Alarm D. Photoelectric Alarm
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9. What is small amount of radioactive materials which passes through the
ionization chambers contained inside this alarm?
A. Ionization C. Photoelectric
B. Ionization Alarm D. Photoelectric Alarm
10. Which electrically charged particles are released or from a material
when it absorbs electron magnetic radiation.
A. Photo Effect C. Photo Electric
B. Photoelectric Effect D. All of these

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 NAME: ___________________________________________ Score: ______________
GRADE & SECTION ____________________________ Teacher: _____________

MODULE IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE NC-2

GRADE-11
Fourth Quarter
Week 3

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

• Fluorescent and Incandescent Lamp TLE_IAEI912EP-Ia-j-1
OBJECTIVES
1. Identify fluorescent and incandescent lamp.
2. Describe the different types of fluorescent and incandescent lamp.
3. Draw schematic diagram of fluorescent and incandescent lamp.

PRE-TEST

Direction s: Choose the letter of the best answer, Write your answer on the
• Identify the components of an investigation research problem, hypothesis, method for
testing space before
hypothesis andsuch number.
conclusions based on evidence S7MT-Ia-b1.2
1. What is a gas discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor
in argon or neon gas?
A. Bulb C. Fluorescent lamp
B. LED D. CFL
2. Who invented high pressure vapor lamp and an improved fluorescent
lamp.
A. Ohm George C. Germer Edmund
B. Volta Allesandro D. Ampere Andrei
3. Which of the following term derived from the name of rock?
A. Fluores C. Fluorescent
B. Fluorescense D. Fluoresce
4. What is meant by LED?
A. Light Emitting Diode C. Light Emission Diode
B. Laser Emitting Diode D. Laser Emission Diode
5. What is meant by CFL?
A. Compact floures Light C. Compact flourese light
B. Compact fluorescent light D. Compact flourescent light
6. What is the typical lamp life for a fluorescent lamp?
A. 5,000 Hours C. 200,000 Hours
B. 15,000 Hours D. 200 Hours

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 7. What is the lifespan of Light Emitting Diode?
A. 5,000 Hours C. 50,000 Hours
B. 500 Hours D. 50 Hours
8. What is the various devices that produce light by heating a suitable
material to a high temperature?
A. Fluorescent lamp C. Incandescent lamp
B. CFL D. LED
9. Who study the research into developing a practical incandescent lamp
on october 14, 1878?
A. Edmund Germer C. Thomas Edison
B. Alesandro Volta D. George Ohm
10. Who among the scientist introduces an electric arc lamp to the royal
society of Great Britain in 1806
A. Humpry Davy C. Henrich hertz
B. Thomas Edison D. Andrei Ampere

Fluorescent and Incandescent lamp

Fluorescent lamp is related to the word fluorspar, or fluorite, which is a

mineral that glows. Notice the -u- in these words Fluorescent comes from the
Latin fluere "to flow" — fluorspar can be added to welding compounds, for
instance, to make them flow more easily.

A fluorescent lamp, or fluorescent tube, is a low-pressure mercury-vapor

gas-discharge lamp that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. An electric
current in the gas excites mercury vapor, which produces short-wave
ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor coating on the inside of the
lamp to glow.
Disadvantages of Fluorescent Lighting

• Lamp contain toxic materials.

• Frequent switching results in early failure.
• Light is omnidirectional.
• Emit ultraviolet Light
• Older fluorescents suffer brief warm-up period.
• Ballast or Buzz.
• Environmental impact and cost of recycling.
• Sensitivity.

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Fluorescent lamps, including compact fluorescent lights (CFLs), use about 75
percent less energy than incandescent bulbs and last six to 15 times as long,
according to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). But it's widely believed that
these popular bulbs use a lot of energy to start up.

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A fluorescent fixture has three main parts – the bulb, ballast, and starter.
When one of these components malfunctions, replacement is usually the
answer.

Parts of fluorescent lamp

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Fluorescent lamp Starter- Used to help fluorescent lamp and tubes ignite in
the initial stage of their operation.

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Ballast- A device that provide lamp with high voltage and heating during the
start up.

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Fluorescent Lamp tube- Filled with mixed of argon, xenon, neon and krypton
and mercury vapor.

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Starter Holder- Used to hold fluorescent lamp tube in place.

Incandescent Lamp

What are they?

The incandescent light bulb or lamp is a source of electric light that works by
incandescence, which is the emission of light caused by heating the filament.
They are made in an extremely wide range of sizes, wattages, and voltages.

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Incandescent Lamp is an electric light with a wire filament heated until it
glows.

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Types of incandescent lamps

1. Bulb- type incandescent

2. Bulb- type Fluorescent
3. Bulb- Type Compact Fluorescent
4. Bulb- type LED
5. Bulb- type Halogen and Xenon
6. Bulb- type WIFI Cable
Where did they come from?

Incandescent bulbs are the original form of electric lighting and have been
in use for over 100 years. While Thomas Edison is widely considered to be the
inventor of the incandescent bulb, there are a number of people who invented
components and prototypes of the light bulb well before Edison did.
One of those people was British physicist Joseph Wilson Swan, who actually
received the first patent for a complete incandescent light bulb with a carbon
filament in 1879. Swan’s house was the first in the world to be lit by a light
bulb. Edison and Swan merged their companies and together they were the
first to design a bulb that was commercially viable.
How do they work?
An incandescent bulb typically consists of a glass enclosure containing a
tungsten filament. An electric current pass through the filament, heating it to a
temperature that produces light.

Incandescent light bulbs usually contain a stem or glass mount attached

to the bulb's base which allows the electrical contacts to run through the
envelope without gas/air leaks. Small wires embedded in the stem support the
filament and/or its lead wires.

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 Many incandescent bulbs are scheduled to be phased out of production
by 2014. learn more about the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
and how it might affect you.

Thomas Alva Edison invented the incandescent light bulb with

reasonable life. Lewis Latimer has perfected it with the use of carbon filament.

Tungsten halogen bulbs

Tungsten halogen is an incandescent lamp with gases from the halogen
family sealed inside the bulb and an inner coating that reflects heat back to the
filament. It has similar light output to a regular incandescent bulb, but with
less power. Halogens in the gas filling reduce the material losses of the filament
caused by evaporation and increase the performance of the lamp.

Tubular tungsten-halogen bulbs

Tubular tungsten-halogen bulbs are commonly used in “torchiere” floor
lamps, which reflect light off of the ceiling, providing more diffused and suitable
general lighting.

Reflector Lamps - Light waves from a bulb spread in all directions. The
light that goes toward the back is not useful when the light is most needed in
the front. Reflector lamps (Type R) are designed to spread light over specific
areas. Reflector lamps have silver coating on the sides, like any mirror, and
therefore all the light waves passing through the sides or the back are reflected
to the front. Therefore, they are called reflector lamps and are also called
floodlighting, spotlighting, and down lighting bulbs.

POST-TEST

Directions: Read the question carefully then write your answer on

your answer sheets.

1. What is the device that provide the lamp with high voltage and cathode
heating during start up and stabilize the arc by limiting the electric
current to the lamp?
A. Ballast C. Holder
B. Tube D. lamp

23
2. What Part of fluorescent lamp filled with a mix of argon, xenon, or
krypton and mercury vapor?
A. Fluorescent lamp tube C. CFL lamp tube
B. Incandescent lamp tube D. LED lamp tube
3. What part of fluorescent lamp that help fluorescent tubes and lamp
ignite in the initial starting stage of their operation?
A. Tube holder C. Lamp
B. Fluorescent starter D. Fluorescence
4. What part of fluorescent lamp is used to hold fluorescent tube in place?
A. Argon C. Xenon
B. Tube holder D. Tube clamp
5. Who invented a high-pressure vapor lamp and improved fluorescent
Lamp.
A. Alessandro Volta C. Edmund Germer
B. Henrich hertz D. Thomas Edison
6. Who invented light emitting diode in 1962?
A. Andrie Ampere C. Nick Holonyak
B. George Ohm D. Germer Edward
7. Who invented mercury vapor in 1901?
A. Albert Einstien C. Volta Alessandro
B. Ampere Andrie D. Peter Couper
8. What part of a fluorescent lamp with the wire filament that heated until
it glows?
A. LED Lamp C. LCD Lamp
B. Diode Lamp D. Incandescent lamp
9. What part of incandescent lamp with gases sealed inside the bulb and
the inner coating that reflect heat from the filament?
A. Tungsten Halogen C. Incandescent lamp
B. Fluorescent Lamp D. LCD Lamp
10. What is meant by LED?
A. Light emission diode C. light emersion Diode
B. Light emitting diode D. light emit diode

24
 NAME: ___________________________________________ Score: ______________
GRADE & SECTION ____________________________ Teacher: _____________

MODULE IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE NC-2

GRADE-11
Fourth Quarter
Week 4

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

• Republic Act 7832- TLE_IAEI912EP-Ia-j-1
OBJECTIVES
1. Define Anti Pilferage Law of 1994
2. Identify the different punishment and penalty under RA 7832
3. Value the different section under RA 7832.

PRE-TEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer, Write your answer on the
separate sheet of paper.
• Identify the components of an investigation research problem, hypothesis, method for
testing hypothesis
1. Which and conclusions
of the following based onAct
date, Republic evidence
7832 S7MT-Ia-b1.2
Otherwise Known as anti-
pilferage of electricity was signed into law?
A. December 8, 1994 C. December 8, 1995
B. December 8, 1996 D. December 8, 1997
2. What is imposed on the person committing theft of electricity based on
the amount of load that is stolen?
A. Penalty C. Punishment
B. Fugitive D. Power theft
3. What involves moving, connecting and disconnecting live electrical wires?
A. By Passing C. Jumper
B. Jumpering D. Meter Tampering
4. What is the two method of power normally done by passing or hooking?
A. Power Passing C. Power theft
B. Power Tampering D. Power Transmission
5. What is an external influence element introduced in meter on a metering
circuit?
A. Meter Theft C. Meter Tampering
B. Meter Jumpering D. Meter Passing
6. What republic act penalizing the pilferage of electricity and theft of
electrical power transmission?
A. RA 7829 C. RA 7830
25
 B. RA 7831 D. RA 7832
7. What electrical wire or cable with a connector or pin at each end.?
A. By Passing C. Jumper Wire
B. Splices D. Joinery
8. What are the penalties of violation of section 2
A. 5k to 8k C. 10k to 20 k
B. 21k to 30k D. 31k to 40 k

9. What is electrical connection without permission from the company?

A. Legal C. Illegal
B. Pilferage D. Stealing
10. What is recurrent theft of small item?
A. Legal C. Illegal
B. Pilferage D. Stealing

Republic Act 7832

An electricity connection is considered illegal when it is made to the

Eskom network without Eskom's permission. ... Doing this poses great risk as
it overloads the system, which often causes the power connection to trip or fail,
meaning no one in the area would have electricity. It can also cause a fire.

Pilferage is a recurrent theft of small items of little value while theft is the act
of stealing property.

Pilferage is the theft of materials, equipment, merchandise or

stationary. People engage in this activity because they're dissatisfied with their
job or it becomes normal to take lower value items.

Republic Act No. 7832, otherwise known as the Anti-Pilferage of Electricity and
Theft of Electric Transmission Lines/Materials Act of 1994.

• Signed into law on December 8, 1994.

• Took Effect on January 17, 1995.
• To protect the honest electricity users from the burden of paying the cost
of pilferage passed on to them.

• To ensure the smooth, uninterrupted and viable operations of the electric

utilities and cooperatives.

26
 • To assure the government that the electric utilities and cooperatives will

provide adequate, safe and reliable service and impose fair and
reasonable electric rates on end-users by rationalizing system losses.

• Tap, make or cause to be made any connection with overhead lines,

service drops, or other electric service wires, without previous authority
or consent of the private electric utility or rural electric cooperative
concerned;
• Tap, make or cause to be made any connection to the existing electric
service facilities of any duly registered consumer without the latter’s or
the electric utility’s consent or authority;
• Tamper, install or use a tampered electrical meter, jumper, current
reversing transformer, shorting or shunting wire, loop connection or any
other device which interferes with the proper or accurate registry or
metering of electric current or otherwise results in its diversion in a
manner whereby electricity is stolen or wasted;
• Damage or destroy an electric meter, equipment, wire or conduit or allow
any of them to be so damaged or destroyed as to interfere with the proper
or accurate metering of electric current; and
• Knowingly use or receive the direct benefit of electric service obtained
through any of the acts mentioned in subsections (a), (b), (c) and (d)
above

What is anti-pilferage law?

1. Short Title. - This Act shall be referred to as the "Anti-electricity and
Electric Transmission Lines/Materials Section Pilferage Act of 1994
2. Section 2. Illegal Use of Electricity
3. Section 3. Theft of Electric Power Transmission Lines and Materials
4. Section 4. Prima Facie Evidence
5. Section 5. Incentives
6. Section 6. Disconnection of Electric Service
7. Section 7. Penalties. - (a) Violation of Section 2
8. Section 8. Authority to Impose Violation of Contract Surcharges
9. Section 9. Restriction on the Issuance of Restraining Orders or Writs of
Injunction.
10.Section 10. Rationalization of System Losses by Phasing out Pilferage
Losses as a Component
11 Section 11. Area of Coverage
12. Section 12. Recovery of Pilferage Losses
27
 13. Section 13. Information Dissemination
14. Section 14. Rules and Regulations.
15. Section 15. Separability Clause
16., Section 16. Repealing Clauses
17. Section 17. Effectivity Clause

Many thieves pay for the power they steal with their lives. Electricity theft
is not just dangerous for those who steal. If you are on the same power line as
someone who steals electricity, you could pay the cost for their theft too.
The power line could become overloaded with electric energy, which
could harm your electronics and appliances designed to receive a certain
steady amount of electricity. Electricity theft makes power service less reliable
and lower quality for paying customers. Electricity thieves may also
unknowingly feed energy back into the power line.
The electricity company needs money to buy coal, new generators, and to
pay the people that maintain the generators. This is why we have to pay for
electricity. Electricity is not a cheap energy resource, which is why some
people make illegal connections
Gas and electricity play important roles in our lives, but when dealt with by
untrained professionals, they can have dangerous consequences. Tampering
with gas and electrical equipment causes can leave homes and businesses
with unsafe supplies, which can cause burns, shocks, fires and, in extreme
cases, explosions.

A jump wire (also known as jumper wire, or jumper) is an electrical wire,

or group of them in a cable, with a connector or pin at each end (or sometimes
without them – simply "tinned"), which is normally used to interconnect the
components of a breadboard or other prototype or test circuit, internally or
with other

Illegal connections
• Avoid connecting electricity illegally. Only authorized personnel or qualified
electricians may connect electricity and with permission from electric
company.
• If you come across any illegal connections, report them through Meralco
link on illegal connection.
• Educate your children about illegal connections.

28
 The power line could become overloaded with electric energy, which could
harm your electronics and appliances designed to receive a certain steady
amount of electricity. Electricity theft makes power service less reliable and
lower quality for paying customers. Electricity thieves may also unknowingly
feed energy back into the power line.

Illegal connections are hazardous and can cause electrocution.it may

benefit those who steal electricity, but most of the time innocent children
playing in the streets who fiddle with the wire end up paying the ultimate price.
That person committed a crime. And whoever uses stolen electricity also
commits a crime. If prosecuted, the crime can carry stiff fines and jail time.

To be certain that an electricity meter hasn't been tampered

with, check the meter regularly – if it's running backwards, has loose wires,
or if you can't see the numbers, then the chances are
that someone you know is stealing electricity.

Illegal connections can also cause electrocution because such connections

are usually unsafely constructed and don’t have the required electrical
protection.

Illegal connections are not safe as they are usually done by unqualified
people who not only risk electrocuting themselves, but also expose other people
to danger and the risk of injury and death if they contact the connection. Not
only is this dangerous for the individual making the connection, but it also
puts the rest of the community at risk because these connections lie across
pathways and walkways where anyone passing by can easily be
electrocuted. An additional risk is that illegally connected wires can also
contact other items such as roofs, gutters, and washing lines, making these
items live and able to conduct electricity.

POST-TEST
Direction: Read the question carefully then write your answer on your answer
sheet.
1. What republic act penalizing pilferage of electricity and theft of electric
power transmission?
A. RA 7830 C. RA 7832
B. RA 7831 D. RA 7833
2. Which section under ra 7832 or Theft of electric power lines?

29
 A. Section-3 C. Section 5
B. Section-4 D. Section 6
3. What is a criminal practice of stealing electric power?
A. Electricity theft C. System Loss
B. Radiation D. Pilferage

4. What is the cost of recovering of power due to technical and non-

technical system losses?
A. Electrical Theft C. Photoelectric effect
B. Electrical Loss D. System Loss
5. What is a metal connector that is used to open and close part of electrical
circuit?
A. Discreet C. C-Mount
B. Heat D. Jumper
6. What is the violation of section 2 Penalty under Republic Act 7832?
A. 5,000-10,000 C. 20,000-30,000
B. 10,000-20,000 D. 30,000-40,000
7. What is the violation of sec. 3 Penalty under Republic Act 7832?
A. Reclusion Perpetua C. Reclusion Temporal
B. 2yrs Imprisonment D. Death
8. What is the right and authority of electric service provider to disconnect
power services?
A. Sec. 6 C. Sec. 8
B. Sec. 7 D. Sec. 9.

9. Which section under RA 7832 is Prima Facia Evidence?

A. Sec. 1 C. Sec. 3
B. Sec. 2 D. sec. 4
10. What section under RA 7832 is Incentive scheme?
A. Section 5 C. Sec.7

B. Section 6 D. Sec. 8

30
 31
Marcelo E. Tan
3. Basic Electronic Module
Thomas S. Kubala
2. Electricity-1 Thomson Asian Edition
Max B. Fajardo Jr.
1. Electrical Layout and Estimate
REFERENCE:
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
Pretest Pretest Pretest Pretest
1. D 1. A 1. C 1. A
2. B 2. C 2. C 2. C
3. B 3. A 3. C 3. B
4. D 4. A 4. A 4. A
5. B 5. B 5. B 5. C
6. C 6. A 6. B 6. D
7. A 7. D 7. C 7. C
8. B 8. B 8. C 8. B
9. D 9. C 9. C 9. C
10. A 10. D 10. A 10. B
Posttest Posttest Posttest Posttest
1. B 1. A 1. A 1. C
2. B 2. A 2. A
2. A 3. D 3. B 3. A
3. D 4. C 4. B 4. D
4. B 5. C 5. C 5. D
5. C 6. A 6. C 6. B
6. A 7. D 7. D 7. C
7. C 8. D 8. D 8. A
8. A 9. B 9. A 9. D
9. D 10. C 10. B 10. A
10. A
ANSWER KEYS:
32