ETABS PROCEDURE

Go to etabs file from where you have installed. The etabs is opened in which the modelling and
complete analysis and design is to done.

Steps to perform the modelling.

1.Go to files then new model. save as the file.
2.Model initialization

Select the above units and codes and click on “ok

3.Grid and story data
select the custom grid spacing and then click on edit grid data. Then it displays grid system
date. Select the display grid data at spacing and enter the grid data as per the plan and finally
click “ok”. Then enter the number of stories and typical story height and bottom story height
as per requirement. Then “ok”.
4.Defining the material properties and section properties
Go to define then material properties, click on add new material and give the details in add new
material property i.e., region, material type, standard, grade and then click on “ok”. again “ok”.

Go to define then section properties then frame sections and click on add new property and
select the section shape (ex: rectangle). enter the property name and select the material that is
given in step 4. enter the dimensions in section dimensions. Also give the property modifiers
and click on show modify/show rebar and select the design type as design beam only as we are
defining the beam.in the same columns are defined.
Go to define then section properties then slab sections, click on new property and enter the
details of slab section then click on “ok”. In the same way define the wall sections in section
properties and click on “ok”.
5.Drawing of beams columns slab and wall sections
• Go to draw then click on quick draw columns and select the column section we defined.
Select all stories and the draw the columns at required locations by selecting the
intersection points of grid.
• Orientation of columns
Select the columns which are needed to be oriented and go to assign then frame then
local axis the change the angle to zero or 90 whichever angles required, then “ok”
• In the similar way click on quick draw beam/column and select the beam section we
defined and select the grid lines where the beams should be drawn.
• Select the quick draw floor/wall and select the slab section we defined. Select the
similar stories and click on shells where slab is required. We can also delete the slab
wherever there will be opening by simply selecting and clicking delete button/option.
• Select the quick draw wall and select the walls section we defined and draw the wall
wherever required.
6.Assigning of supports
Select the base from plan and select all base points by dragging then go to assign then joint
then restrains select all the translations and rotations then click on apply then ok.
7.defining the load patterns
Go to define then patterns then define load patterns and add the new loads. select the auto
lateral load codes for seismic and wind loads. Select the earthquake load and Click on modify
lateral load and enter the values of seismic loading and similarly the wind loading. Click on
ok.
8.Defining the mass source
Go to define then mass source then modify/show mass source and give the mass multipliers for
load patterns. Click ok.

9.Assigning the loads

Two types of loading :1. frame loads (wall loads, partition wall loads)
2. shell loads (dead and live loads)
Select the frames and Go to assign then frame load then distributed. select the load pattern and
enter the load then apply then ok.
Select the shell objects Go to assign the shell loads then uniform and select the load pattern and
enter the load. click on apply then ok.
Go to assign then shell loads then wind pressure coefficient. Give the wind ward and leeward
coefficient.

10.Defining the diaphragm and assigning

Go to define then select diaphragms and then click on add new diaphragm. Then select the
rigidity condition and then click ok.

Select the slab and go to assign then select shell, then select diaphragm. Select the diaphragm
which is defined and click apply then ok.
11.Assigning the mesh
Select the shells which are to be meshed. Go to assign then shell and then floor auto mesh
options. Select the mesh object into required number of elements and click on apply then ok.

12.Assigning load combinations

Go to define then load combination then click on add default combos. Select concrete frame
design and select to convert to user combinations, then click ok .

13.Assigning of shear wall

• Go to define then section properties then wall sections and then click on add new
property. Give the name as shear wall and enter the thickness of the wall and select the
grade.
• Select the quick draw wall and select the shear wall we defined and then draw the shear
wall at its location.
• We have to define the shear wall as pier labels hence go to define then select pier labels
and add new name then click ok.
• Select the shear wall and go to assign then shell then pier section. Click on apply and
then ok.
14. Analysis and results
• Check the model to ensure that there are no errors in modeling. For that go to analyze
then select the check model. The etabs will check the model and informs us if there is
an error otherwise it shows no warning message.
• Go to analyze and the run analysis. Etabs analysis the model.
• To see the bending moments, shear force diagrams go to display then force/stress
diagrams then frame/pier/spandrel. Select the case and select the component whichever
is needed (for example select M3-3 to display the bending moment diagram).click on
apply then ok.
• Click on the point where you want to see the values of the forces/moments.
• To check the support reactions, go to plan then select base then display then force/stress
diagram then support/spring reaction. Select the reactions or moments then click apply
then ok.
• To check the story drift, go to display then story response plots. we can check for
different combinations of the loads.
15.Design
• Go to design then concrete frame design then select design/check. Etabs design the
model. Its checks each and every element and design. Same is for shear wall design.
Go to design then design shear wall and select design/check and Etabs design the shear
wall. It shows the reinforcement details when you move the cursor over elements.
• Etabs also checks whether all the elements are passed or failed. For that go to design
then design concrete frame then verify all the members passed.
 RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD IN ETABS

• Response spectrum method is to be carried out after assigning of all the load cases like
dead loads, live loads, wall loads, seismic loads and defining the mass source and model
case.
• Go to define then model cases, click to add new case.

• We need to define the Etabs that we are doing the method called response spectrum
method, hence
• Go to define then function then response spectrum.
• Select the code from the drop-down arrow of “Choose function type to add”. Select the
IS code 1893-2016.click to add new function.
• Enter the function name as response spectrum. Enter the values of function damping
ratio, Seismic zone, Seismic zone factor, Importance factor, Soil type, Response
reduction factor as per the requirements and conditions in which the building is located.
• When the above values are entered the time period and acceleration values are taken by
the software in the table format.
• The concept of response spectrum is that if we know the natural period of the building,
then the maximum response of the building for given component of earthquake can be
known from response spectrum method. Response spectrum is the plot between the
maximum response of time and displacement. acceleration and velocity. Click on ok.

• Hence the response spectrum function is defined to the Etabs. Then enter ok. It records
the response of the building.
• Response spectrum function and the seismic pattern should be linked, hence go to
define then select load cases then add new case.
• Give load case name as response spectrum X and select the load case type as response
spectrum which has been defined in response spectrum function. Select the mass source
defined previously.
• Select the load type (Acceleration), load name(U1), function (response spectrum) and
scale factor and click on “add”.
• Scale factor is calculated from the formula that is: I*g/2R.

• Similarly repeat the response spectrum load case in Y direction.

• Then enter “ok” “ok”.
• After the response spectrum function and load case is defined check the model and run
analysis is done.
 TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS
Time history analysis is applied to the structure when the earthquake data is available for
particular area. This method considers the actual earthquake that has happened in previous
years with certain amount of magnitude. The building is subjected to accelerations from known
earthquake record.
The first step in time history analysis in Etabs is that we have to give one earthquake date to
the building that is modelled such that the building is subjected to that earthquake. To give the
earthquake data follow the following steps:
• Go to “define” then “function” then “time history”. Choose function type to add from
drop down arrow. Select the option “from file” then click on add new function.

• Give the time history function name as time history function or file name of earthquake
date (for example elcentro).
• We have predefined files in the Etabs program and we can also browse it. Click on
browse then select the file from the place where the Etabs program is installed. Go to
program files then select computers and structures and then select etabs file then select
time history functions. There we can see number of time history files i.e., earthquake
records. Select one of the earthquakes record as per the requirement. (for example,
elcentro). Then etabs generates the graph of elcentro earthquake data.
• Go to define then add new load case and click on add new case.
• Enter the load case name as time history in X direction and select the load case type
from drop down arrow i.e., time history then select nonlinear model and select the mass
source which is defined. Select the load type, load name, function and scale factor and
other parameters
• Similarly define load case in Y direction also.
• After the response spectrum function and load case is defined check the model and run
analysis is done.
PUSHOVER ANALYSIS
• Go to define then select the load case. Modify the dead load to nonlinear static load
case so that the program can use this case as the starting point for pushover and then
click on ok.

• Go to define then select load cases then click on add new case. Enter the load case name
as pushover in X direction, load case type as nonlinear static and select the mass source
as we defined before. Select the initial condition -continue from state dead.
 • Select the loads applied -load applied as acceleration, select load name as Ux and scale
factor as 1.
• Load application -click on modify/show and select the displacement control from load
application control
• Select use monitored displacement from control displacement and enter the
displacement value up to which the building is to be pushed. (for example, 300). Select
the joint location at which the push is applied and select the top storey and DOF U1.

• In the same define pushover in Y direction using acceleration in Uy direction.

Assigning of hinge properties to beams and columns
• Go to select then select then object type. Select beams then click on select.
• Go to assign then frames then hinges.
• Enter the relative distance of hinges to be placed. Enter the relative distance of 0.1(10%
of the length). the hinge starts at distance of 0.1 and ends at the distance of 0.9(10%
from other end of the beam).
• Select the auto hinge type as per the code ASCE 41-13 and select the concrete beam.
DOF as M3 and V value from pushover in X direction and Y direction.
• Similarly select the columns and assign the hinge distance for the concrete columns.
ASSIGNING HINGE OVER WRITES
• Select both beams and columns and go to assign then frames then hinge over writes.

• Run the model and then observe the results

• Go to display then deformed shape. It indicates the performance of the of the all beams
and columns.
• Go to display the select static pushover curve. It shows the demand curve and capacity
curve. Go to display then hinge results.