Pretest

Respondents Xenon (Control) % Transmuted R Krypton (ppt) %

1 24 40.00 70 17 28.33
2 24 40.00 70 24 40.00
3 17 28.33 67 18 30.00
4 10 16.67 64 17 28.33
5 13 21.67 65 25 41.67
6 12 20.00 64 5 8.33
7 24 40.00 70 23 38.33
8 15 25.00 66 14 23.33
9 16 26.67 66 21 35.00
10 15 25.00 66 13 21.67
11 17 28.33 67 13 21.67
12 18 30.00 67 18 30.00
13 21 35.00 68 17 28.33
14 21 35.00 68 19 31.67
15 13 21.67 65 19 31.67
17 17 28.33 67 18 30.00
18 16 26.67 66 20 33.33
19 18 30.00 67 8 13.33
20 7 11.67 62 10 16.67
21 16 26.67 66 19 31.67
22 28 46.67 71 17 28.33
23 21 35.00 68 13 21.67
24 19 31.67 67 12 20.00
25 15 25.00 66 26 43.33
26 14 23.33 65 32 53.33
27 17 28.33 67 19 31.67
28 16 26.67 66 11 18.33
29 20 33.33 68 14 23.33
30 22 36.67 69 14 23.33
31 20 33.33 68 15 25.00
32 20 33.33 68 15 25.00
33 16 26.67 66 16 26.67
34 11 18.33 64 14 23.33
35 21 35.00 68 13 21.67
36 10 16.67 64 15 25.00
37 21 35.00 68 14 23.33
38 20 33.33 68 14 23.33
39 26 43.33 70
40 24 40.00 70
695 612
 Test Results (60-items
est
Transmuted R Neon (Podcast) % Transmuted R Argon (Video) %
67 16 26.67 66.00 17 28.33
70 18 30.00 67.00 16 26.67
67 12 20.00 65.00 19 31.67
67 15 25.00 66.00 25 41.67
70 26 43.33 70.00 17 28.33
62 15 25.00 66.00 15 25.00
69 15 25.00 66.00 24 40.00
65 15 25.00 66.00 16 26.67
68 16 26.67 66.00 21 35.00
65 16 26.67 66.00 20 33.33
65 9 15.00 63.00 14 23.33
67 19 31.67 67.00 22 36.67
67 25 41.67 70.00 22 36.67
67 17 28.33 67.00 24 40.00
67 18 30.00 67.00 19 31.67
67 17 28.33 67.00 17 28.33
68 17 28.33 67.00 18 30.00
63 19 31.67 67.00 23 38.33
64 17 28.33 67.00 25 41.67
67 18 30.00 67.00 18 30.00
67 16 26.67 66.00 17 28.33
65 32 53.33 73.00 11 18.33
65 18 30.00 67.00 23 38.33
70 12 20.00 65.00 20 33.33
73 12 20.00 65.00 10 16.67
67 15 25.00 66.00 25 41.67
64 12 20.00 65.00 15 25.00
65 19 31.67 67.00 17 28.33
65 19 31.67 67.00 14 23.33
66 12 20.00 65.00 20 33.33
66 16 26.67 66.00 17 28.33
66 19 31.67 67.00 19 31.67
65 13 21.67 65.00 12 20.00
65 16 26.67 66.00 24 40.00
66 36 60.00 75.00 14 23.33
65 12 20.00 65.00 23 38.33
65

619 673
Test Results (60-items Test)

Transmuted R Respondents Xenon (Control) % Transmuted R

67.00 1 28 46.667 71
66.00 2 22 36.667 69
67.00 3 25 41.667 70
70.00 4 33 55 73
67.00 5 27 45 71
66.00 6 35 58.333 74
70.00 7 22 36.667 69
66.00 8 31 51.667 72
68.00 9 38 63.333 77
68.00 10 14 23.333 65
65.00 11 24 40 70
69.00 12 24 40 70
69.00 13 46 76.667 85
70.00 14 27 45 71
67.00 15 22 36.667 69
67.00 17 18 30 67
67.00 18 19 31.667 67
69.00 19 19 31.667 67
70.00 20 20 33.333 68
67.00 21 34 56.667 74
67.00 22 26 43.333 70
64.00 23 33 55 73
69.00 24 24 40 70
68.00 25 17 28.333 67
64.00 26 18 30 67
70.00 27 18 30 67
66.00 28 21 35 68
67.00 29 18 30 67
65.00 30 25 41.667 70
68.00 31 30 50 72
67.00 32 21 35 68
67.00 33 47 78.333 86
65.00 34 12 20 65
70.00 35 14 23.333 65
65.00 36 34 56.667 74
69.00 37 14 23.333 65
38 25 41.667 70
39 35 58.333 74
40 37 61.667 76
997
 Post Test
Krypton (ppt) % Transmuted R Neon (Podcast) % Transmuted R
37 61.667 76 49 81.667 88
48 80 87 30 50 72
45 75 84 49 81.667 88
36 60 75 38 63.333 77
46 76.667 85 37 61.667 76
42 70 81 35 58.333 74
37 61.667 76 39 65 78
47 78.333 86 35 58.333 74
40 66.667 79 45 75 84
45 75 84 37 61.667 76
49 81.667 88 53 88.333 92
42 70 81 43 71.667 82
39 65 78 38 63.333 77
47 78.333 86 47 78.333 86
38 63.333 77 33 55 73
35 58.333 74 43 71.667 82
43 71.667 82 46 76.667 85
43 71.667 82 42 70 81
43 71.667 82 31 51.667 72
41 68.333 80 45 75 84
46 76.667 85 43 71.667 82
38 63.333 77 37 61.667 76
39 65 78 43 71.667 82
40 66.667 79 35 58.333 74
45 75 84 31 51.667 72
36 60 75 39 65 78
41 68.333 80 42 70 81
38 63.333 77 35 58.333 74
39 65 78 38 63.333 77
 35 58.333 74 32 53.333 73
38 63.333 77 38 63.333 77
35 58.333 74 34 56.667 74
40 66.667 79 41 68.333 80
45 75 84 31 51.667 72
47 78.333 86 28 46.667 71
49 81.667 88 46 76.667 85
51 85 90

1545 1408
Argon (Video) % Transmuted R
48 80.00 87
47 78.33 86
49 81.67 88
39 65.00 78
47 78.33 86
49 81.67 88
41 68.33 80
39 65.00 78
48 80.00 87
46 76.67 85
45 75.00 84
49 81.67 88
41 68.33 80
42 70.00 81
46 76.67 85
53 88.33 92
43 71.67 82
47 78.33 86
48 80.00 87
46 76.67 85
53 88.33 92
44 73.33 83
43 71.67 82
42 70.00 81
38 63.33 77
53 88.33 92
49 81.67 88
48 80.00 87
49 81.67 87
 39 65.00 78
53 88.33 92
52 86.67 91
48 80.00 87
55 91.67 94
45 75.00 84
48 80.00 87

1672
 Video Presentation
Expert 1 Expert 2 Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5 Expert in Agreement
S1 4 5 5 4 4 4.40 0.55
S2 4 4 4 4 5 4.20 0.45
S3 5 5 5 4 5 4.80 0.45
S4 4 5 5 5 5 4.80 0.45
S5 4 4 4 5 4 4.20 0.45
S6 5 5 5 4 4 4.60 0.55
S7 5 5 5 4 4 4.60 0.55
S8 4 4 4 4 4 4.00 0.00
S9 4 4 5 5 4 4.40 0.55
S10 4 5 4 5 4 4.40 0.55

proportion
CONTENT

Expert 1 Expert 2 Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5

S1 5 5 5 5 5 5.00 0.00
S2 5 4 5 4 5 4.60 0.55
S3 5 5 5 4 5 4.80 0.45
S4 4 5 4 4 5 4.40 0.55
S5 5 4 4 4 4 4.20 0.45
S6 5 5 5 5 4 4.80 0.45
S7 4 5 5 4 4 4.40 0.55
S8 4 4 4 4 4 4.00 0.00
S9 5 5 5 5 4 4.80 0.45
S10 4 4 5 5 5 4.60 0.55

proportion
RELEVANCE

Expert 1 Expert 2 Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5

S1 4 5 5 4 5 4.60 0.55
S2 4 5 5 4 5 4.60 0.55
S3 5 4 4 4 5 4.40 0.55
S4 4 4 5 4 4 4.20 0.45
S5 4 5 5 5 4 4.60 0.55
S6 5 5 5 5 4 4.80 0.45
S7 4 5 4 5 4 4.40 0.55
S8 5 4 5 4 4 4.40 0.55
S9 4 5 4 5 5 4.60 0.55
S10 4 4 5 4 5 4.40 0.55

proportion
 VISUAL APPEAL

Expert 1 Expert 2 Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5

S1 5 5 5 4 5 4.80 0.45
S2 4 5 5 4 5 4.60 0.55
S3 4 4 5 4 5 4.40 0.55
S4 5 4 4 4 4 4.20 0.45
S5 5 4 4 5 4 4.40 0.55
S6 5 5 5 5 4 4.80 0.45
S7 5 4 5 5 4 4.60 0.55
S8 5 5 4 5 4 4.60 0.55
S9 5 4 5 4 4 4.40 0.55
S10 5 5 5 5 5 5.00 0.00

proportion
Instructional Quality
 Powerpoint Presentation
Expert in Agreement
I-CVI Expert 1 Expert 2 Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5
22 4.4 S1 4 5 5 4 4
21 4.2 S2 4 4 4 4 5
24 4.8 S3 4 4 4 4 4
24 4.8 S4 4 5 5 4 4
21 4.2 S5 4 4 4 5 4
23 4.6 S6 4 4 4 4 4
23 4.6 S7 4 5 5 4 4
20 4 S8 4 4 4 4 4
22 4.4 S9 4 4 4 4 4
22 4.4 S10 4 4 4 5 4
44.4
4.44 proportion
CONTENT

Expert in I-CVI Expert 1 Expert 2 Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5

25 5 S1 4 4 5 5 5
23 4.6 S2 4 4 4 4 4
24 4.8 S3 5 4 4 4 5
22 4.4 S4 4 5 4 4 4
21 4.2 S5 5 4 4 4 4
24 4.8 S6 5 5 5 4 4
22 4.4 S7 4 4 4 4 4
20 4 S8 4 4 4 4 4
24 4.8 S9 5 5 5 4 4
23 4.6 S10 4 4 4 5 4
45.6
4.56 proportion
RELEVANCE

Expert in I-CVI Expert 1 Expert 2 Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5

23 4.6 S1 4 4 5 4 5
23 4.6 S2 4 5 4 4 4
22 4.4 S3 4 4 4 4 4
21 4.2 S4 4 4 5 4 4
23 4.6 S5 4 5 4 4 4
24 4.8 S6 5 4 5 5 4
22 4.4 S7 4 4 4 4 4
22 4.4 S8 4 4 5 4 4
23 4.6 S9 4 5 4 5 5
22 4.4 S10 4 4 4 4 4
45
4.5 proportion
 VISUAL APPEAL

Expert in I-CVI Expert 1 Expert 2 Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5

24 4.8 S1 5 5 5 4 5
23 4.6 S2 4 4 4 4 4
22 4.4 S3 4 4 5 4 5
21 4.2 S4 4 4 4 4 4
22 4.4 S5 5 4 4 4 4
24 4.8 S6 4 5 4 5 4
23 4.6 S7 4 4 4 4 4
23 4.6 S8 5 4 4 5 4
22 4.4 S9 4 4 5 4 4
25 5 S10 4 5 4 5 4
45.8
4.58 proportion
Instructional Quality
oint Presentation
Expert in Agreement
I-CVI Expert 1 Expert 2
4.40 0.55 22 4.4 S1 4 5
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S2 4 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S3 4 4
4.40 0.55 22 4.4 S4 4 5
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S5 4 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S6 4 3
4.40 0.55 22 4.4 S7 5 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S8 4 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S9 4 4
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S10 4 4
41.8
4.18 proportion
CONTENT

Expert in I-CVI Expert 1 Expert 2

4.60 0.55 23 4.6 S1 4 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S2 4 4
4.40 0.55 22 4.4 S3 5 5
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S4 4 4
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S5 4 4
4.60 0.55 23 4.6 S6 4 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S7 4 5
4.00 0.00 20 4 S8 4 4
4.60 0.55 23 4.6 S9 4 4
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S10 4 4
42.8
4.28 proportion
RELEVANCE

Expert in I-CVI Expert 1 Expert 2

4.40 0.55 22 4.4 S1 4 5
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S2 4 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S3 4 4
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S4 4 4
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S5 4 5
4.60 0.55 23 4.6 S6 4 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S7 4 4
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S8 4 4
4.60 0.55 23 4.6 S9 4 5
4.00 0.00 20 4 S10 4 4
42.4
4.24 proportion
 VISUAL APPEAL

Expert in I-CVI Expert 1 Expert 2

4.80 0.45 24 4.8 S1 4 3
4.00 0.00 20 4 S2 4 4
4.40 0.55 22 4.4 S3 4 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S4 4 4
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S5 5 4
4.40 0.55 22 4.4 S6 4 4
4.00 0.00 20 4 S7 5 4
4.40 0.55 22 4.4 S8 4 5
4.20 0.45 21 4.2 S9 5 4
4.40 0.55 22 4.4 S10 4 3
42.8
4.28 proportion
Instructional Quality
 Podcast
Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5 Expert in Agreement
I-CVI
4 4 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
5 4 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 4 3 4.00 0.71 20 4
3 4 4 3.80 0.45 19 3.8
5 4 4 4.00 0.71 20 4
4 4 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 4 5 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
3 5 4 4.00 0.71 20 4
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
40.6
4.06

Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5 Expert in I-CVI

4 3 4 3.80 0.45 19 3.8
5 4 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 4 4 4.40 0.55 22 4.4
4 4 5 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
3 3 4 3.60 0.55 18 3.6
4 4 3 4.00 0.71 20 4
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
5 4 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 4 5 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
40.6
4.06

Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5 Expert in I-CVI

5 4 5 4.60 0.55 23 4.6
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
3 4 4 4.00 0.71 20 4
4 5 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
4 4 5 4.40 0.55 22 4.4
4 4 3 3.80 0.45 19 3.8
41
4.1
Expert 3 Expert 4 Expert 5 Expert in I-CVI
5 4 4 4.00 0.71 20 4
4 4 5 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 3 4 3.80 0.45 19 3.8
4 4 4 4.00 0.00 20 4
4 4 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
5 4 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
3 4 4 4.00 0.71 20 4
4 4 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 4 4 4.20 0.45 21 4.2
4 5 4 4.00 0.71 20 4
40.8
4.08
Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Podcast Instructional Material in terms of Content

Indicators Mean Rating SD Verbal Description

Item 1 4.20 0.45
Item 2 4.00 0.00
Item 3 4.20 0.45
Item 4 4.00 0.71
Item 5 3.80 0.45
Item 6 4.00 0.71
Item 7 4.20 0.45
Item 8 4.20 0.45
Item 9 4.00 0.71
Item 10 4.00 0.00
Mean 4.06 0.44

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Podcast Instructional Material in terms of Relevance

Indicators Mean Rating SD Verbal Description

Item 1 3.80 0.45
Item 2 4.20 0.45
Item 3 4.40 0.55
Item 4 4.20 0.45
Item 5 4.00 0.00
Item 6 3.60 0.55
Item 7 4.00 0.71
Item 8 4.00 0.00
Item 9 4.20 0.45
Item 10 4.20 0.45
Mean 4.06 0.40

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Podcast Instructional Material in terms of Visual Appeal

Indicators Mean Rating SD Verbal Description

Item 1 4.60 0.55
Item 2 4.00 0.00
Item 3 4.00 0.00
Item 4 4.00 0.00
Item 5 4.00 0.71
Item 6 4.20 0.45
Item 7 4.00 0.00
Item 8 4.00 0.00
Item 9 4.40 0.55
Item 10 3.80 0.45
Mean 4.10 0.27

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Podcast Instructional Material in terms of Instructional Quality

Indicators Mean Rating SD Verbal Description

Item 1 4.00 0.71
Item 2 4.20 0.45
Item 3 3.80 0.45
Item 4 4.00 0.00
Item 5 4.20 0.45
Item 6 4.20 0.45
Item 7 4.00 0.71
Item 8 4.20 0.45
Item 9 4.20 0.45
Item 10 4.00 0.71
Mean 4.08 0.48

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Podcast Instructional Material

Components Mean Rating SD Verbal Description

Content 4.06 0.44
Relevance 4.06 0.40
Visual Appeal 4.10 0.27
Instructional Quality 4.08 0.48
Overall Mean 4.08 0.40
tional Quality
Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Powerpoint Instructional Material in terms of Content

Mean
Indicators SD Verbal Description
Rating
Item 1 4.40 0.55
Item 2 4.20 0.45
Item 3 4.00 0.00
Item 4 4.40 0.55
Item 5 4.20 0.45
Item 6 4.00 0.00
Item 7 4.40 0.55
Item 8 4.00 0.00
Item 9 4.00 0.00
Item 10 4.20 0.45
Mean 4.18 0.30

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Powerpoint Instructional Material in terms of Relevance

Mean
Indicators SD Verbal Description
Rating
Item 1 4.60 0.55
Item 2 4.00 0.00
Item 3 4.40 0.55
Item 4 4.20 0.45
Item 5 4.20 0.45
Item 6 4.60 0.55
Item 7 4.00 0.00
Item 8 4.00 0.00
Item 9 4.60 0.55
Item 10 4.20 0.45
Mean 4.28 0.35

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Powerpoint Instructional Material in terms of Visual Appeal

Mean
Indicators SD Verbal Description
Rating
Item 1 4.40 0.55
Item 2 4.20 0.45
Item 3 4.00 0.00
Item 4 4.20 0.45
Item 5 4.20 0.45
Item 6 4.60 0.55
Item 7 4.00 0.00
Item 8 4.20 0.45
Item 9 4.60 0.55
Item 10 4.00 0.00
Mean 4.24 0.34

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Powerpoint Instructional Material in terms of Instructional Quality

Mean
Indicators SD Verbal Description
Rating
Item 1 4.80 0.45
Item 2 4.00 0.00
Item 3 4.40 0.55
Item 4 4.00 0.00
Item 5 4.20 0.45
Item 6 4.40 0.55
Item 7 4.00 0.00
Item 8 4.40 0.55
Item 9 4.20 0.45
Item 10 4.40 0.55
Mean 4.28 0.35

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Powerpoint Instructional Material

Mean
Components SD Verbal Description
Rating
Content 4.18 0.30
Relevance 4.28 0.35
Visual Appeal 4.24 0.34
Instructional Quality 4.28 0.35
Overall Mean 4.25 0.34
onal Quality
Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Video Presentation Instructional Material in terms of Content

Mean
Indicators SD Verbal Description
Rating
Item 1 4.40 0.55
Item 2 4.20 0.45
Item 3 4.80 0.45
Item 4 4.80 0.45
Item 5 4.20 0.45
Item 6 4.60 0.55
Item 7 4.60 0.55
Item 8 4.00 0.00
Item 9 4.40 0.55
Item 10 4.40 0.55
Mean 4.44 0.45

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Video Presentation Instructional Material in terms of Relevance

Mean
Indicators SD Verbal Description
Rating
Item 1 5.00 0.00
Item 2 4.60 0.55
Item 3 4.80 0.45
Item 4 4.40 0.55
Item 5 4.20 0.45
Item 6 4.80 0.45
Item 7 4.40 0.55
Item 8 4.00 0.00
Item 9 4.80 0.45
Item 10 4.60 0.55
Mean 4.56 0.40

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Video Presentation Instructional Material in terms of Visual Appeal

Mean
Indicators SD Verbal Description
Rating
Item 1 4.60 0.55
Item 2 4.60 0.55
Item 3 4.40 0.55
Item 4 4.20 0.45
Item 5 4.60 0.55
Item 6 4.80 0.45
Item 7 4.40 0.55
Item 8 4.40 0.55
Item 9 4.60 0.55
Item 10 4.40 0.55
Mean 4.50 0.53

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Video Presentation Instructional Material in terms of Instructional Quality

Mean
Indicators SD Verbal Description
Rating
Item 1 4.80 0.45
Item 2 4.60 0.55
Item 3 4.40 0.55
Item 4 4.20 0.45
Item 5 4.40 0.55
Item 6 4.80 0.45
Item 7 4.60 0.55
Item 8 4.60 0.55
Item 9 4.40 0.55
Item 10 5.00 0.00
Mean 4.58 0.46

Table xxx. Level of Evaluation of the Video Presentation Instructional Material

Mean
Components SD Verbal Description
Rating
Content 4.44 0.45
Relevance 4.56 0.40
Visual Appeal 4.50 0.53
Instructional Quality 4.58 0.46
Overall Mean 4.52 0.46
of Relevance

of Visual Appeal
of Instructional Quality
Table xxx. Level of Students' Learning Achievement in the Pre-test among the Control and Experimental Groups

Groups Mean Rating SD Verbal Description

Control Group 66.97 2.02
PPT 66.41 2.13
Podcast 66.75 2.21
Video 67.39 1.78

Table xxx. Level of Students' Learning Achievement in the Post-test among the Control and Experimental Groups

Groups Mean Rating SD Verbal Description

Control Group 70.59 4.66
PPT 80.76 4.51
Podcast 78.58 5.46
Video 85.42 4.44
erimental Groups

perimental Groups
Control PPT Podcast Video
Pretest Posttest Pretest Posttest Pretest Posttest Pretest Posttest
70 71 67 76 66 88 67 87
70 69 70 87 67 72 66 86
67 70 67 84 65 88 67 88
64 73 67 75 66 77 70 78
65 71 70 85 70 76 67 86
64 74 62 81 66 74 66 88
70 69 69 76 66 78 70 80
66 72 65 86 66 74 66 78
66 77 68 79 66 84 68 87
66 65 65 84 66 76 68 85
67 70 65 88 63 92 65 84
67 70 67 81 67 82 69 88
68 85 67 78 70 77 69 80
68 71 67 86 67 86 70 81
65 69 67 77 67 73 67 85
67 67 67 74 67 82 67 92
66 67 68 82 67 85 67 82
67 67 63 82 67 81 69 86
62 68 64 82 67 72 70 87
66 74 67 80 67 84 67 85
71 70 67 85 66 82 67 92
68 73 65 77 73 76 64 83
67 70 65 78 67 82 69 82
66 67 70 79 65 74 68 81
65 67 73 84 65 72 64 77
67 67 67 75 66 78 70 92
66 68 64 80 65 81 66 88
68 67 65 77 67 74 67 87
69 70 65 78 67 77 65 87
68 72 66 74 65 73 68 78
68 68 66 77 66 77 67 92
66 86 66 74 67 74 67 91
64 65 65 79 65 80 65 87
68 65 65 84 66 72 70 94
64 74 66 86 75 71 65 84
68 65 65 88 65 85 69 87
68 70 65 90
70 74
70 76
Appendix xxx

Control PPT
t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means

Pretest Posttest Pretest Posttest

Mean 66.97436 70.58974 Mean 66.405405405 80.75676
Variance 4.078273 21.66937 Variance 4.5255255255 20.35586
Observations 39 39 Observations 37 37
Pearson Correlation 0.043641 Pearson Corre-0.003910989
Hypothesized Mean D 0 Hypothesized 0
df 38 df 36
t Stat -4.52221 t Stat -17.47439703
P(T<=t) one-tail 2.916E-05 P(T<=t) one-ta1.812795E-19
t Critical one-tail 1.685954 t Critical one-t1.6882977141
P(T<=t) two-tail 5.832E-05 P(T<=t) two-ta 3.62559E-19
t Critical two-tail 2.024394 t Critical two-t 2.028094001

Table xxx. Results of t-test Analysis between the Pretest and Posttest Scores of all Groups

Groups Pretest Posttest df t-stat p-value

Control 66.97 70.59 38 4.52 0.0001
PPT 66.41 80.76 36 17.47 0.0000
Podcast 66.75 78.58 35 10.84 0.0000
Video 67.39 85.42 35 22.99 0.0000
Podcast Video
t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means

Pretest Posttest Pretest Posttest

Mean 66.75 78.58333 Mean 67.38889 85.41667
Variance 4.878571 29.79286 Variance 3.15873 19.73571
Observations 36 36 Observations 36 36
Pearson Correlation -0.340673 Pearson Correlation 0.047646
Hypothesized Mean Diff 0 Hypothesized Mean Di 0
df 35 df 35
t Stat -10.84182 t Stat -22.98711
P(T<=t) one-tail 4.905E-13 P(T<=t) one-tail 5.257E-23
t Critical one-tail 1.689572 t Critical one-tail 1.689572
P(T<=t) two-tail 9.811E-13 P(T<=t) two-tail 1.051E-22
t Critical two-tail 2.030108 t Critical two-tail 2.030108
Control PPT Podcast Video Gain
Pretest Posttest Pretest Posttest Pretest Posttest Pretest Posttest Control

70 71 67 76 66 88 67 87 1
70 69 70 87 67 72 66 86 -1
67 70 67 84 65 88 67 88 3
64 73 67 75 66 77 70 78 9
65 71 70 85 70 76 67 86 6
64 74 62 81 66 74 66 88 10
70 69 69 76 66 78 70 80 -1
66 72 65 86 66 74 66 78 6

66 77 68 79 66 84 68 87 11
66 65 65 84 66 76 68 85 -1

67 70 65 88 63 92 65 84 3
67 70 67 81 67 82 69 88 3

68 85 67 78 70 77 69 80 17
68 71 67 86 67 86 70 81 3
65 69 67 77 67 73 67 85 4
67 67 67 74 67 82 67 92 0
66 67 68 82 67 85 67 82 1
67 67 63 82 67 81 69 86 0
62 68 64 82 67 72 70 87 6
66 74 67 80 67 84 67 85 8
71 70 67 85 66 82 67 92 -1
68 73 65 77 73 76 64 83 5
67 70 65 78 67 82 69 82 3
66 67 70 79 65 74 68 81 1
65 67 73 84 65 72 64 77 2
67 67 67 75 66 78 70 92 0
66 68 64 80 65 81 66 88 2
68 67 65 77 67 74 67 87 -1
69 70 65 78 67 77 65 87 1
68 72 66 74 65 73 68 78 4
68 68 66 77 66 77 67 92 0
66 86 66 74 67 74 67 91 20
64 65 65 79 65 80 65 87 1
68 65 65 84 66 72 70 94 -3
64 74 66 86 75 71 65 84 10
68 65 65 88 65 85 69 87 -3
68 70 65 90 2
70 74 4
70 76 6
 Appendix xxx
PPT Podcast Video

9 22 20 Anova: Single Factor

17 5 20
17 23 21 SUMMARY
8 11 8 Groups Count Sum Average
15 6 19 Control 39 141 3.62
19 8 22 PPT 37 531 14.35
7 12 10 Podcast 36 426 11.83
21 8 12 Video 36 649 18.03

11 18 19
19 10 17

23 29 19 ANOVA
14 15 19 Source of Variation SS df MS

11 7 11 Between Groups 4249.68 3 1416.56

19 19 11 Within Groups 4121.64 144 28.62
10 6 18
7 15 25 Total 8371.32 147
14 18 15
19 14 17 Since p-value<.05, HO is rejected.
18 5 17 Some of the groups' averages consider to be not the same.
13 17 18 In other words, the difference between the sample means of some groups is big enoug
18 16 25 Thus, there is a need for a post-hoc analysis. In this case, the Tukey's Honestly Significa
12 3 19 From the multiple comparison of means, the table below was derived.
13 15 13
9 9 13 Table xxx. Results of the one-way Analysis of Variance in the Mean Gain Scores of th
11 7 13
8 12 22 Groups Mean Gains F p-value
16 16 22 Control 3.62a 49.49 0.0000
12 7 20 Podcast 11.83b
13 10 22 PPT 14.35b
8 8 10 Video 18.03c
11 11 25 Notes: Means of the same subscript are comparable.
8 7 24
14 15 22
19 6 24
20 -4 19
23 20 18
25
 Appendix xxx. Post-hoc Analysis

Pairwise Comparisons HSD.05 = 3.2348 Q.05 = 3.6759 Q.01 = 4.481

T1:T2 M1 = 3.62 10.74 Q = 12.20 (p = .00000)

Variance M2 = 14.35
24.93 M1 T1:T3 M1 = 3.62 8.22 Q = 9.34 (p = .00000)
24.96 M2 M3 = 11.83
42.89 M3 T1:T4 M1 = 3.62 14.41 Q = 16.38 (p = .00000)
22.14 M4 M4 = 18.03

T2:T3 M2 = 14.35 2.52 Q = 2.86 (p = .18422)

M3 = 11.83

T2:T4 M2 = 14.35 3.68 Q = 4.18 (p = .01899)

F P-value F crit M4 = 18.03

49.49 0.00 2.67 T3:T4 M3 = 11.83 6.19 Q = 7.04 (p = .00001)

M4 = 18.03
HSD values in red are significant.

e means of some groups is big enough to be statistically significant.

s case, the Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) is applied.
below was derived.

iance in the Mean Gain Scores of the 4 Groups

 = 3.6759 Q.01 = 4.4811

12.20 (p = .00000)

9.34 (p = .00000)

16.38 (p = .00000)

2.86 (p = .18422)

4.18 (p = .01899)

7.04 (p = .00001)