Content Standard The learner demonstrates understanding of: South and West Asian literature as

an expression of philosophical and religious beliefs; information flow in

various text types; reality, fantasy, and opinion in listening and viewing
materials; word decoding strategies; and use of information sources,
active/passive constructions, direct/reported speech, perfect tenses, and logical
connectors in journalistic writing.
Performance Standard The learner transfers learning by composing a variety of journalistic texts, the
contents of which may be used in composing and delivering a memorized oral
speech featuring use of properly acknowledged information sources,
grammatical signals for opinion-making, persuasion, and emphasis, and
appropriate prosodic features, stance, and behavior.
Learning Competencies Use appropriate grammatical signals or expressions suitable to each pattern of
idea development:
● general to particular
● claim and counterclaim
● problem-solution
● cause-effect and others

I. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
A. define and identify grammatical signals used in general to particular pattern of
idea;
B. write a paragraph discussing a social issue using a pattern of idea development that
employs appropriate grammatical signals, particularly transitioning from general
concepts to specific examples; and
C. discuss the importance of clarity and how does it impact effective communication.
II. Subject Matter: Using Appropriate Grammatical Signals or Expressions of Idea
Development: General to Particular
Reference/s:
English Quarter 4 – Module 1: Using Appropriate Grammatical Signals or Expressions to

Each Pattern of Idea Development from

https://depedtambayan.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/ENG8-Q4-MOD1.pdf
Transition Words: A Comprehensive List to Enhance Your Writing from
https://7esl.com/transition-words/
Materials: Slide Deck, printed materials
III. Procedures: 3Is Method
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
A. Introduction

Good Morning, class!

Kindly all stand for the prayer. Let us all remember… Amen.

Before you take your seat, kindly align your chairs

properly and pick up some pieces of papers on the (Students do as told)
floor.

Since I already introduce myself to you last meeting,

how are you going to call me again, class? Ms. Marie

Alright!

How are you this morning? We are good, miss.

Are there any absentees? None miss.

Are there any assignments that need to be passed? None miss.

Just like your any other teachers, I also have my set

of classroom rules, and it has an acronym of LRBB.

L- Listen
R- Respect
B- Be quiet and stay focus on the lesson
B- Be attentive and participate in our discussion.

What is the acronym of our classroom rules? LRBB

I want you to observe these classroom rules

throughout the class.

Am I clear? Yes miss.

1. Review

Before we proceed with our new lesson this morning,

let us first have a short review through an activity.

What topic did we discuss last meeting? The topic that we discussed last meeting was all
about Parallelism.

Alright! Kindly read the directions of our activity. (Students do as told)

Begin!

Directions: Read each statement on the screen.

Identify whether the statement is Parallel, otherwise if
it is not parallel, correct the statement to make it
parallel.
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

1. To love is to sacrificing our own happiness. To love is to sacrifice our own happiness.

2. Eating fruits is healthier than candies and Eating fruits is healthier than eating candies and
drinking soda. drinking soda.

3. He likes to play basketball, jogging, and reading. He likes playing basketball, jogging, and reading.

4. I love to read books and writing poems. I love reading books and writing poems.

5. Neither do I like sleeping nor do I like to study. Neither do I like to sleep nor do I like to study.

Wow! You got 5/5 score and excellent for that! It

means that you really understood our topic last
meeting and now ready for a new topic this morning.

Give yourselves a round of applause. (Students do as told)

2. Motivation

Before we delve into a new topic this morning, I have

here a photo and I want you to observe it very
carefully because later on I will be asking some
questions.

Imagine yourself travelling to an unfamiliar place

without road signals. What do you think will happen
to you? If I travel to this road without road signals maybe
I will get lost.
Yes, getting lost is a possibility. What else do you
think might happen? Well, I might end up going in circles, trying to
find my way.
That's a good point. Without road signals or
directions, it can be challenging to navigate
efficiently. Just as road signals guide us on unfamiliar
paths, grammatical signals serve as essential markers
in language, guiding readers and listeners through the
meaning and structure of our messages.

3. Statement of the Subject Matter and Objectives

So this morning, we will get to know more about this

 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
as we discuss the importance of “Using Appropriate
Grammatical Signals or Expressions of Idea
Development: General to Particular.”

Kindly read our topic this morning. Using Appropriate Grammatical Signals or
Expressions of Idea Development: General to
Everyone must listen attentively because at the end of Particular
the lesson you are all expected to attain these
following objectives.

For the first objectives, all girls. A. Define and identify grammatical signals
using general to particular pattern of idea.
Second objectives all boys. B. Compose a paragraph discussing a social
issue using a pattern of idea development
that employs appropriate grammatical
signals, particularly transitioning from
general concepts to specific examples.
Third objectives, altogether. Begin! C. Discuss the importance of clarity and how
does it impact effective communication.

Are the objectives clear, class? Yes miss.

B. Interaction

Before we formally discuss our lesson this morning, I

have here a short article. I want you to read it
carefully because later on, I will be asking some
questions to random students.

(The teacher will give the students a copy of the

printed article)

Climate Change: How Do We Know?

Climate change is one of the most pressing issues

of our time, but how do we know it is happening?
Scientists use multiple lines of evidence to
understand past and present climate conditions and
to predict future changes. One key indicator is the
rising global temperature. Over the past century,
Earth's average surface temperature has increased
by about 1.2 degrees Celsius (2.2 degrees
Fahrenheit), with most of the warming occurring in
the past few decades.

Another indicator of climate change is the melting

of ice caps and glaciers. Satellite observations and
ground-based measurements show that ice mass
loss has accelerated in polar regions, leading to
rising sea levels. Sea levels have risen by about 8
inches (20 centimeters) over the past century,
primarily due to thermal expansion of seawater and
the melting of ice sheets and glaciers.
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

Furthermore, changes in precipitation patterns and

extreme weather events provide additional
evidence of climate change. Many regions are
experiencing more intense heatwaves, droughts,
and heavy rainfall events, leading to increased risks
to human health, agriculture, and infrastructure.

Scientists also study natural indicators of past

climate conditions, such as tree rings, ice cores, and
sediment layers, to reconstruct Earth's climate
history. These paleoclimate records reveal that
current warming trends are unprecedented in recent
history and are primarily driven by human
activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels
and deforestation.

In conclusion, the evidence for climate change is

overwhelming and comes from multiple sources,
including direct observations, paleoclimate records,
and computer models. Understanding the causes
and impacts of climate change is crucial for
developing effective strategies to mitigate its
effects and adapt to a changing climate.

Source: NASA - Climate Change: How Do We

Know?

What is the article all about? The article is all about climate change.

Yes, the article is about climate change.

Are there any words that are being repeated? Yes miss.

Can you give one? One of it is the phrase climate change.

Exactly! There are key terms such as “climate

change”, “temperature” and “sea levels” are
consistently used throughout the article. This
repetition of relevant terms establishes a clear
connection allowing readers to enhance their
understanding of the article.

Why does the author repeat some words or phrases in

the text? The author repeats certain words or phrases in the
text to emphasize key points and reinforce the
significance of specific evidence supporting the
reality of climate change.
Exactly! It is to emphasize the key points of what was
the article all about.

How does this repetition help us understand what the

author is trying to say? It helps readers grasp the main ideas, understand
the connections between different pieces of
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
evidence, and recognize the urgency of addressing
climate change.
How about the words that are being used to connect
the beginning of each paragraph after a paragraph? The author uses the words such as furthermore,
another indicator, in conclusion.
Very good!

So, class, those mentioned words are just an example

of grammatical signals.

For us to know more what grammatical signal is, let

us consider this definition on the board.

Kindly read. Begin! (Students do as told)

Grammatical signals
- are writing devices such as transitional devices,
connectors, determiners, and repetitions that are
used to maintain text coherence.

Yes! Coherence establishes a logical connection

between ideas in sentences and paragraphs. These
ideas can be developed through different patterns
depending on the writer’s purpose.

It means that all ideas in a paragraph flow something

from one sentence to the next sentence.

Idea development is also essential in writing.

Idea development
- this is done by organizing ideas in a logical and
clear manner that suits the writer’s purpose.

To achieve this, it is necessary to use appropriate

grammatical signals or expressions in each pattern of
idea development.

When we say…

Pattern of idea development

- refers to the structure of writing on how the ideas
are being presented.

Kindly observe this example.

Example
Clouds can be classified into three major groups.
High clouds are a group of clouds that are 5-13
km. away from the Earth’s surface. Examples of
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
these clouds are known as Cirrus, Cirrostratus,
and Cirrocumulus. Middle clouds are another
group of clouds that are 2-7 km. away from the
Earth’s surface. Examples of middle clouds are
Altocumulus and Altostratus. Low clouds are the
last group of clouds. They are 2 km. away from the
Earth’s surface. Specifically, these clouds are the
Stratus, Stratocumulus, and Nimbostratus. With
these being said, these clouds are grouped
according to their distance from the Earth’s
surface

What have you observe in the example given? What In the example provided, the underlined words
are those underlined words? and phrases are used to signal transitions and
organization within the text.

What do you think is the general idea of the The general idea is Clouds are classified into
selection? three major groups.

Exactly! In the first sentence which is “Clouds are

classified into three major groups,” it expressed the
general idea or the main idea of the paragraph. Then,
the succeeding sentences are the specific details
explaining the general idea.

So, the type of grammatical signal emphasized in this

example is the…

Kindly read. Begin! (Students do as told)

General to Particular
- This pattern of idea development discusses the
general topic by presenting specific details that
support the topic.

The writer starts with the general idea stated in the

topic sentence. Then, it is elaborated and explained
through specific details and examples. In other words,
general to particular pattern is a deductive method of
organization.

The expression ‘examples of these’ and the word

‘specifically,’ are used to present the specific
examples of a group of clouds. Also, the phrase
‘middle clouds’ is repeated to show emphasis of the
idea. The expression ‘with these being said,’ is used
to wrap up the ideas in the paragraph.

Let us identify them one by one.

"Examples of these" - This phrase serves as a signal

to introduce specific examples of high clouds after
mentioning the general category.
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

"Another" - This word signals a transition to a

different category of clouds, specifically middle
clouds, after discussing high clouds.

"Specifically" - This word signals a more detailed

explanation or clarification, particularly regarding the
characteristics or attributes of low clouds.

"With these being said" - This phrase indicates a

concluding statement or summary, wrapping up the
discussion about the classification of clouds based on
their distance from the Earth's surface.

Questions? None miss.

A. generalization
transitional word
can be used to give
an example of an
idea relating to the
subject.
Some common
transition words in
this category are:
Here are some of the common Generalization
transitional words which can be used to give an
example of an idea relating to the subject. None miss.

A. Generalization Transitional words Grammatical signal is a writing device used to

As a rule On the whole Mainly maintain text coherence.
Regularly Overall Generally
Commonly Typically speaking
Usually In most cases More often
For the most part Often than not An idea that is organized in a logical and clear
Normally On the whole Mostly manner that suits the writer’s purpose is called
In general/ Broadly All in all Idea development
generally speaking
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
The structure of writing on how the ideas are
Transitional word in particular can be used to give in being presented is called Pattern of idea
giving and emphasizing a specific idea. development

B. Transitional words in Particular Usually, people prefer to drink coffee in the

That is to say Especially In spite of morning.
In other words To explain Of course
In simple terms To list In like manner Especially, before they start to work.
Specifically To enumerate Therefore
In particular Including As a result
In detail At least For instance/
Namely At any rate example
(Students do as told)
Any questions?

Again, what is grammatical signal?

Very good!

How about an idea that is organized in a logical and

clear manner that suits the writer’s purpose?

What about the structure of writing on how the ideas

are being presented?

Can you give an example sentence that used

generalization transitional signals?

Can you also give an example sentence that used

transitional signals from the given sentence?

Perfect! It means that you really understood our

discussion this morning. (Students do as told)

Give yourselves a clap A. Begin!

C. Integration

Now that you understand what grammatical signals

are and when to use the "general to particular" type,
let us proceed to our first activity.

Activity 1: Thinking Out Loud

Mechanics:

1. Divide the class into four (4).

2. Provide each group with a topic related to a
social issue.
3. Write a paragraph discussing their assigned
social issue.
4. Emphasize the use of appropriate grammatical (Students do as told)
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
signals, particularly transitioning from general
concepts to specific examples.
5. Present your work before the class.
6. Do the activity in 10 minutes. (Students do as told)

Kindly go to your groups now.

Group 1
Directions: Write a 1 paragraph essay discussing
social issue particularly about poverty.

Group 2:
Directions: Write a 1 paragraph essay discussing
about illegal logging.
Clarity is important because it helps us
Group 3: communicate effectively by ensuring that our
Directions: Write a 1 paragraph essay about climate messages are easily understood by others.
change.

Group 4:
Directions: Write a 1 paragraph essay about the
economic crisis in the Philippines.

Time is up! Kindly go back to your proper seats.

Yes miss.
Thank you for your brilliant presentation.

Kindly give yourselves a GOOD JOB clap. Begin!

Values Integration
(Students do as told)
Going back to our discussion earlier which is about
using appropriate grammatical signals in general to
particular pattern of idea. We discuss about how
transitional words helps in conveying ideas clearly
from general statements to specific examples.

Now, class, why do you think clarity is important,

and how does it impact effective communication?

Precisely!

Indeed, clarity is important as it enables us to express

our thoughts and ideas in a way that others can
comprehend easily, leading to smoother interactions
and a shared understanding of information.

Am I making sense here?

Alright! Then now, to further assess your

understanding on our lesson this morning, let us have
a quiz.
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

Kindly read the directions. Begin!

IV. Evaluation
Directions: Analyze the given statements and identify
if it is general or particular. Then, write the transition
words being used in the third column. (10 pts.)

Statements General or Transition

Particular Words used
e.g. Sometimes she is General All in all
ill-tempered, but all
in all, she is an
excellent student.
1. I’m allergic to most Particular For example
nuts. For example,
peanuts make me
cough.
2. Bicol region is Particular In particular
known for many
tourist destinations. In
particular, foreign
tourists should visit
Caramoan Islands and
Mayon
3. Generally speaking, General Generally
COVID cases are
increasing all over the
world.
4. Camping requires Particular Namely
specific equipment;
namely, a tent,
sleeping bag,
cooking stove, and
flashlight.
5. Typically, people General Typically
prefer to eat
breakfast in the
morning.

V. Assignment

Directions: Think of a social issue that is happening

in your community. Then, write at least a five-
sentence paragraph about your chosen issue using
general to particular pattern of idea development.

Rubrics

Criteria:
Content - 10
Pattern of idea development – 5
Grammatical signals – 5
Grammar – 5
 Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
TOTAL: 25 pts.

Prepared by

GRACE MARIE D. LAGAT Checked by

Pre-service Teacher, BSED
MS. PRINCESS ANN R. LASTIMOSA
Cooperating Teacher, OCSAT