Case Study 7

Lip Products in India and Indonesia

A Comparative Study

Arka Mukhopadhyay B23120

Pranab Ray B23169
Kamal Yadav B23209
Arani Ghosh B23119
Ayuj Aryan B23198
Kunal Sharma B23079
April 11, 2024

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Contents
1 Introduction 4
1.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 Evolution of Lip Beauty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Types of Lip Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2 Data and Statistics 6

2.1 What is Data? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 Types of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.1 Based on Source of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.2 Based on Levels of Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3 What is Statistics? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3 Sampling 8
3.1 Key Terminologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2 Sampling Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3 Bias in Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4 Methodology 11
4.1 Data Collection - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.2 Data Collection - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.3 Data Analytics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

5 Analytics for Indonesia 13

5.1 Raw Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.2 Sampled Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2.1 On Basis of Brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2.2 On Basis of Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.2.3 On Basis of Shades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.3 Graphs and Stats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

6 Analytics for India 22

6.1 Raw Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.2 Sampled Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.2.1 On Basis of Brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.2.2 On Basis of Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.2.3 On Basis of Shades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.3 Graphs and Stats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

7 Survey 32
7.1 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.2 Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.3 Sample Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.4 Key Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.6 Visual Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

8 Inference 35
8.1 Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
8.2 India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

9 Comparative Study 37

References 38

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List of Tables
1 Raw Data for Study (2023) - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2 Products grouped by Brand - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3 Products grouped by Type - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4 Products grouped by Shades - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5 Descriptive Statistics of Shades and Prices - Indonesia . . . . . . . . 16
6 Raw Data for Study (2023) - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7 Products grouped by Brand - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
8 Products grouped by Type - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
9 Products grouped by Shades - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
10 Descriptive Statistics of Shades and Prices - India . . . . . . . . . . 26
11 Contributions of the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

List of Figures
1 Example of Sampling Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2 Total Products Grouped by Shades - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3 Total Shades Grouped by Brands - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4 Total Shades Grouped by Product - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5 Total Products Grouped by Type - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6 Frequency of Products by Brands - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7 Product - Price Distribution - with KDE - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . 20
8 Product - Price Distribution - BoxPlot - Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . 21
9 Product - Shades Distribution - with KDE - Indonesia . . . . . . . . 21
10 Total Products Grouped by Shades - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
11 Total Shades Grouped by Brands - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
12 Total Shades Grouped by Product - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
13 Total Products Grouped by Type - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
14 Frequency of Products by Brands - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
15 Product - Price Distribution - with KDE - India . . . . . . . . . . . 30
16 Product - Price Distribution - BoxPlot - India . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
17 Product - Shades Distribution - with KDE - India . . . . . . . . . . 31

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1 Introduction
1.1 Background
Lips are often the unsung heroes of our skincare routine. With thinner skin, fewer
oil glands, and no natural protection from the elements, lips are prone to dryness,
chapping, and cracking. To keep them looking and feeling their best, it’s essential
to incorporate lip care into your daily routine. Lip products are one of the most
important parts of makeup. It is even considered as the most used beauty product
in the world.
With a wide array of lip beauty products to choose from, finding the perfect one
for you can be quite challenging. Dermatologists advise protecting your lips from
the sun with lipsticks with at least SPF 15.
There are a lot of Lip products and Brands available all over the world. We would
like to analyze the specifications of the lip products available in India and Indonesia,
including their shades, brands, types, and the prices they are offered at.

1.2 Objective
This research aims to determine several indicators of lip products in Indonesia and
India based on population and sample gathered from secondary data. These incude:

1. nature of data provided for lip products.

2. mean, max and min price of a popular lip products.
3. popular brands and type of lip products.
4. mean shade diversity available for lip products.

1.3 Evolution of Lip Beauty

Lip products have a rich and fascinating history, tracing back thousands of years to
ancient civilizations. The ancient Mesopotamian women used crushed gemstones to
decorate their lips. The iconic Egyptian queet, Cleopatra later embraced vibrant
red lips with crushed carmine beetles. Queen Elizabeth I of England popularized
lip color in the 16th century, using a mixture of beeswax and mercuric sulphide.
However, societal attitudes were not always favorable; in the 1770s, British Parlia-
ment associated lipstick wearers with witchcraft. Despite this, by the 20th century,
lipsticks became symbols of empowerment. In 1930, Vogue encouraged artistic lip
painting. From ancient ingenuity to modern self-expression, lip products continue
to enchant and evolve, reflecting human creativity and beauty ideals through the
ages.

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1.4 Types of Lip Products
The following types of lip products were identified from the collected data:
1. Lipsticks:

(a) Bullet Lipsticks: It provides convenience and ease of application, fea-

turing a solid form crafted from a blend of waxes, pigments, and oils.
It seamlessly delivers color, texture, and protection to the lips with a
simple swipe.
(b) Liquid Lipsticks: It is characterized by its liquid form and application
with a small wand, delivering bold color and long-lasting wear. Ideal for
those seeking intense pigmentation and extended durability.
2. Lip Balm: It is designed for medicinal and soothing purposes, offering hy-
dration and long-lasting protection to the lips, keeping them moisturized and
nourished.

3. Lip Gloss: It provides lips with a lustrous, glossy texture, coming in liquid
or soft solid forms and offering a range of finishes, including clear, translucent,
frosted, glittered, and metallic. It not only enhances the lips’ appearance but
also hydrates them for a soft, glossy finish.
4. Lip Lacquer: Combining the high shine of gloss with the long-lasting wear of
liquid lipstick, lip lacquer is transfer-proof and can endure day and night with-
out needing frequent reapplication. It delivers intense shine while maintaining
color vibrancy.
5. Lip Liner: Also known as a lip pencil, lip liner is used to fill uneven areas
on the outer edges of the lips after applying lipstick. It prevents bleeding and
ensures a defined lip shape throughout the day.
6. Lip Tint: It provides a wash of color that can be easily washed away, offering
lightweight, sheer coverage for a natural look.
7. Lip Stain: Available in liquid or gel form, lip stain imparts color to the lips
that lasts longer than traditional lipsticks or tints by leaving a stain on the
lips. However, it may cause dryness and is not recommended for use in winter
months.
8. Lip Polish: It serves as an exfoliant, buffing away dead cells and flakes on the
lips, leaving them soft, supple, and smooth. Its natural humectant properties
help to maintain lip hydration.

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2 Data and Statistics
2.1 What is Data?
Merriam Webster describes Data as factual information (such as measurements or
statistics) used as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or calculation.

Before a problem is analyzed, all the information available must be converted into
data. Measurement in the systemic process of assigning numbers to objects and
their properties to facilitate the use of mathematics in studying and describing
objects and their relationships.

2.2 Types of Data

2.2.1 Based on Source of Data
1. Primary Data: This type of data is collected firsthand by the researcher
or investigator directly from the source. It involves gathering data through
methods like surveys, interviews, observations, experiments, etc. Primary
data is original and specific to the research or study at hand.

2. Secondary Data: Secondary data refers to data that has already been col-
lected by someone else for a different purpose. This data is obtained from
sources such as books, journals, government publications, websites, databases,
etc. Secondary data analysis involves using existing data to derive insights or
conclusions.

3. Tertiary Data: Tertiary data is derived from primary and secondary sources.
It involves the aggregation, compilation, and analysis of primary and sec-
ondary data to create new datasets or information. Tertiary data is often
used for market research, trend analysis, and decision-making processes.

There are several benefits of using secondary data:

• It is cost-effective being readily available and accessible at lower costs/for free.

• Using existing data eliminates the need for conducting new research, allowing
researchers to analyze data immediately.
• It contributes to a better understanding of the problem.
• It serves as a foundation for comparing the data gathered by the researcher
across different time periods and geographies; thereby facilitating trend anal-
ysis and benchmarking.

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However, there are also disadvantages of using secondary data:
• Secondary data rarely fits within the framework of marketing research factors
since researchers have limited control over methods of collection, processing
and categorization of data.
• The quality, precision and reliability of secondary data is unknown.
• Data may be out of date.

2.2.2 Based on Levels of Measurement

Quantitative data consists of numerical or measurable values. It is typically col-
lected through structured methods such as surveys, experiments, or measurements.
Quantitative data can be analyzed statistically to identify patterns, trends, and
relationships. [1]

Subcategories of Quantitative Data include:

1. Discrete Data: It comprises distinct, separate values that can be counted
individually. Examples include the number of students in a class, the number
of cars in a parking lot, etc.
2. Continuous Data: Continuous data represents measurements that can take
any value within a range. It is typically obtained through instruments like
scales, thermometers, or rulers. Examples include height, weight, tempera-
ture, and time.
3. Interval Data: Data that can be added or subtracted but not multiplied/divided.
They do not have a true zero point. For example: temperature, year, etc.
4. Ratio Data: Data that can be added, subtracted, multiplied or divided.
They have a true zero point. For example: height, weight, age and so on.
Data need not be inherently numeric to be useful in an analysis. For instance,
male and female both are commonly used in almost any statistics report involving
population but there is nothing numeric about these categories. This category of
data is known as Qualitative Data.

Statisticians commonly distinguish two types of Qualitative Data:

1. Nominal Data: Categorical data without any inherent order or hierarchy.
The categories are purely distinct labels or names. For example: types of
fruits, colors, types of transportation, etc.
2. Ordinal Data: Categorical data with a natural order or hierarchy. While the
categories have a meaningful sequence, the differences between them may not
be uniform. Examples include education levels (e.g., high school, bachelor’s
degree, master’s degree) or ratings.

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2.3 What is Statistics?
Statistics is the science of data. This involves collecting, classifying, summarizing,
organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data. It involves methods for designing
experiments and surveys, gathering data, and drawing conclusions from that data.
Statistics is widely used in various fields such as science, business, economics, en-
gineering, social sciences, and many others. It helps in making informed decisions,
predicting outcomes, testing hypotheses, and understanding patterns and trends in
data.
There are two kinds of Statistics:
1. Inferential Statistics: Statistical inference is the science of characterizing
or making decisions about a population by using information from a sample
drawn from that population. This includes hypothesis testing, confidence
intervals, and regression analysis.
2. Descriptive Statistics: Descriptive statistics uses data that provides a de-
scription of the population either through numerical calculated graphs or ta-
bles. It provides a graphical summary of data. It includes:
• Measures of Central Tendency (Mean, Median and Mode)
• Measures of Variability (Range, Variance, Dispersion, and so on)

3 Sampling
3.1 Key Terminologies
1. Population: The population refers to the entire group of individuals, objects,
or events who represent a characteristic. A census study involves the entire
population.
2. Sample: A sample is a subset of the population selected for observation or
measurement.
3. Sampling: Sampling is the process of selecting a sample from the population
to make statistical inferences and estimate population characteristics.
4. Sampling Frame: A sampling frame is a list of all the individuals, objects,
or events in the population from which the sample will be selected.

3.2 Sampling Schemes

A good sample must reflect all the characteristics (of importance) of the population.
A sample that accurately reflects its population characteristics is called a represen-
tative sample. A sample that is not representative of the population characteristics

8
is called a biased sample. The reliability or accuracy of conclusions drawn concern-
ing a population depends on whether or not the sample is properly chosen so as to
represent the population sufficiently well. [2]
The selection of a sampling method depends on factors such as the nature of the
investigation, the availability of sampling frames (lists of population members),
financial resources, desired accuracy level, and data collection method (e.g., ques-
tionnaires or interviews).
Common sampling techniques include:

1. Simple Random Sample: A sample selected in such a way that every

element of the population has an equal chance of being chosen is called a
simple random sample.
2. Systematic Sampling: A systematic sample is a sample in which every k th
element in the sampling frame is selected after a suitable random start for the
first element with the population listed in some defined order.
3. Stratified Sample: Here, a sample obtained by stratifying (dividing into
non-overlapping groups) the sampling frame based on some factor(s) and then
selecting some elements from each of the strata. A population with N elements
is first divided into ’s’ sub-populations, then a sample is drawn from each sub-
population independently.
4. Cluster or Area Sampling: In cluster sampling, the sampling unit contains
naturally existing groups of elements called clusters instead of individual el-
ements of the population. A cluster is an intact group naturally available in
the field.

3.3 Bias in Sampling

Sampling bias refers to the systematic error introduced into a sample as a result of
the sampling method. It occurs when some members of a population are system-
atically more likely to be selected in a sample than others, leading to inaccurate or
misleading conclusions and limits the generalizability of the findings. [1] [3]
The following are some common types of sampling biases:

1. Selection Bias: Selection bias exists if some potential subjects are more
likely than others to be selected for the study sample; usually due to the
sampling process.
2. Volunteer Bias: Volunteer bias refers to the fact that people who volunteer
to be in studies are usually not representative of the population as a whole.
For this reason, results from entirely volunteer samples might be considerably
different from those who do not volunteer.

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3. Non-Response Bias: Non-response bias occurs when individuals selected
for the sample do not respond to the survey or study. This can lead to under-
representation of certain groups in the sample, skewing the results.

Figure 1: Example of Sampling Bias

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4 Methodology
4.1 Data Collection - Indonesia
Considering the gigantic dataset pertaining to lip products in Indonesia, secondary
data is used in our study in order to minimize time spent collecting the same oth-
erwise.

The initial data for this study was obtained from the sample of 50 lip products given
in a prior report [4]. The data given was sourced from 2022 reports, and hence,
outdated. We used latest datasets to update 2 parameters - number of shades avail-
able in the market and the price of the lipsticks.

To find the latest and credible data, we have used the maximum retail price (MRP)
of the product as mentioned on the company’s official Indonesian Website. Note that
there are some companies which don’t have country specific websites (or don’t have
an operational official website at all). In such cases, we have used Lazada/Shoppee
to collect the data. Why these websites? These two websites are leading e-commerce
websites in southeast Asia and Taiwan and hence are most credible source that could
have been used.

4.2 Data Collection - India

The Dataset for Indian Lip Brands was also obtained from secondary sources.
Names of all popular Indian makeup brands were noted from various websites [5]
[6] [7] and also from surveys among students. Then, an exhaustive list of products
was prepared for each brand by visiting their official website, sorting all available
products on the basis of popularity and noting the top products along with their
MRP and number of shades available. In some cases where data was missing, we
used Amazon and Nykaa to fill in the missing data.

4.3 Data Analytics

This study utilizes stratified sampling to determine the sample by dividing the pop-
ulation into subgroups based on factors like brands and product types. Also, the
data that is used in this study is nominal in nature since it has categories with-
out necessarily implying mathematical order. Libraries such as matplotlib, numpy,
seaborn, and pandas provide easy means to analyze and visualize datasets.

The collected data showed variability in four parameters - Brand, Number of Shades,
Type and the Price. Using Stratified Method of Sampling, four tables were made,
by counting products grouped by each of the parameters mentioned previously.

11
The composition of lip products by type is examined, with details displayed on bar
and donut charts. Brand distribution is analyzed using the ’Brand’ column, show-
ing the count and percentage of products per brand on a bar plot.

Statistical measures such as mean, median, mode, and quartiles are calculated for
prices and the number of shades. Price distribution is visualized through a his-
togram and box plot, aiding in identifying price ranges and distribution. A bar
graph displays the distribution of products based on the number of shades they
offer.

Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) is used on histograms to create smooth curves

representing the data distribution. This enhances visualization by revealing under-
lying patterns and providing a refined understanding of price and shade distribution
across the dataset.

Color mapping is applied to visualize frequency levels, with lower frequencies repre-
sented in blue and higher frequencies in red. Lastly, data is grouped by companies
to determine the total number of shades offered by each company, providing insights
into shade diversity among different brands.

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5 Analytics for Indonesia
5.1 Raw Data

Table 1: Raw Data for Study (2023) - Indonesia

Lip Product Brand Type of Lip Product Shades Price

NIVEA LIP BALM SOOTHE & PRTECT Beiersdorf Stick 2 50000
Extra lip tint Bobbi Brown Stick 10 711636
Perfect Matte Lip Coat Dear Me Beauty Liquid 6 129000
Creamytint Emina Liquid 5 46000
magic potion lip tint Emina Liquid 5 50000
Squeeze me up Lip Matte Emina Liquid 4 58000
Smoochies Lip balm Emina Solid 1 32000
Matte Lip Liquid ESQA Liquid 7 165000
Dear Darling Water gel tint Etude House Liquid 3 55000
Organic lip balm Eucalie Stick 1 79000
lip and cheek dual use liquid Focallure Liquid 10 38000
Melted Matte Lip Goban Cosmetics Liquid 6 130000
Sheen. Tinted lip balm + UV filter HALE. Stick 4 98000
Urban Lip Cream Matte Implora Liquid 20 25000
Beauty Lip & Cheeck Crayon Indoganic Crayon 2 129000
Vivid oil tint Innisfree Liquid 4 104000
Metallic Lip Cream Inul Beauty Liquid 5 89000
Infalible Pro Matte Lip Liquid L’oreal Liquid 9 150000
Rouge Signature Liquid Matte Lipstick L’oreal Liquid 14 151376
Color Riche Matte L’oreal Stick 8 354267
Intense Matte Lip Cream Liquid Liquid 12 119000
Longlasting Matte Lip Cream Metalic LT Pro Liquid 3 109900
Ultra Light Lip Stain Luxcrime Liquid 8 79000
Airy lip mousse Luxcrime Liquid 8 109000
Dew tinted 6hr lip moisturizer Mad for Makeup Stick 6 109000
magnifique lip tint Madame Gie Liquid 6 33000
Brilliant Glaze Lip Liquide Madame Gie Liquid 6 35000
Moist Velvet & Smooth Lip Liquide Madame Gie Liquid 6 15765
Hydrastay lip whip Makeover Liquid 12 119000
Powestay Transfer Proof Matte Lip Cream Makeover Liquid 12 135000
Sensational Liquid Matte Maybelline Liquid 19 66,023
color sensational lip tint Maybelline Liquid 19 45000
Super Stay Matte Ink Maybelline Liquid 19 239571
Color sensational the powder mattes Maybelline Stick 24 88900
Hydra Lip Cheek Tint Mineral Botanica Liquid 4 51900
the one A-Z lip balm SPF 25 Oriflame Stick 2 149000
Lip Cream PIXY Liquid 16 55000
2 in 1 color tint Purbasari Liquid 3 51900
Lip Cream Series Raiku Liquid 13 118000
SUEDED! Lip & Cheek Cream Rollover Reaction Liquid 12 109000
Juicy Lip Balm Rose All day Stick 3 119000
Lip Color Runa Beauty Stick 5 138000
Lip Care Sensatia Botanica Liquid 5 80000
Coconut lip sleeping balm Tiff Body Liquid 1 88000
delight tony tint Tony Moly Liquid 3 49000
Exclusive Matte Lip Cream Wardah Liquid 24 66500
Colorfit Velvet Matte Lip Mousse Wardah Liquid 14 79000
Everyday Moisture Lip nutrition Wardah Stick 2 28500
Color Fit Ultralight Matte Wardah Stick 5 47500
The Simplicity Love You tint Y.O.U Liquid 4 45100

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5.2 Sampled Data
5.2.1 On Basis of Brands

Table 2: Products grouped by Brand - Indonesia

Brand Frequency Percentage Cumulative Percentage

Beiersdorf 1 2.0 2.0
Bobbi Brown 1 2.0 4.0
Dear Me Beauty 1 2.0 6.0
Emina 4 8.0 14.0
ESQA 1 2.0 16.0
Etude House 1 2.0 18.0
Eucalie 1 2.0 20.0
Focallure 1 2.0 22.0
Goban Cosmetics 1 2.0 24.0
HALE. 1 2.0 26.0
Implora 1 2.0 28.0
Indoganic 1 2.0 30.0
Innisfree 1 2.0 32.0
Inul Beauty 1 2.0 34.0
L’oreal 3 6.0 40.0
Liquid 1 2.0 42.0
LT Pro 1 2.0 44.0
Luxcrime 2 4.0 48.0
Mad for Makeup 1 2.0 50.0
Madame Gie 3 6.0 56.0
Makeover 2 4.0 60.0
Maybelline 4 8.0 68.0
Mineral Botanica 1 2.0 70.0
Oriflame 1 2.0 72.0
PIXY 1 2.0 74.0
Purbasari 1 2.0 76.0
Raiku 1 2.0 78.0
Rollover Reaction 1 2.0 80.0
Rose All day 1 2.0 82.0
Runa Beauty 1 2.0 84.0
Sensatia Botanica 1 2.0 86.0
Tiff Body 1 2.0 88.0
Tony Moly 1 2.0 90.0
Wardah 4 8.0 98.0
Y.O.U 1 2.0 100.0

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5.2.2 On Basis of Type

Table 3: Products grouped by Type - Indonesia

Type Frequency Percentage Cumulative Percentage

Stick 12 24.0 24.0
Liquid 36 72.0 96.0
Solid 1 2.0 98.0
Crayon 1 2.0 100.0

5.2.3 On Basis of Shades

Table 4: Products grouped by Shades - Indonesia

Shades Frequency Percentage Cumulative Percentage

1 3 6.0 6.0
2 4 8.0 14.0
3 5 10.0 24.0
4 5 10.0 34.0
5 6 12.0 46.0
6 6 12.0 58.0
7 1 2.0 60.0
8 3 6.0 66.0
9 1 2.0 68.0
10 2 4.0 72.0
12 4 8.0 80.0
13 1 2.0 82.0
14 2 4.0 86.0
16 1 2.0 88.0
19 3 6.0 94.0
20 1 2.0 96.0
24 2 4.0 100.0

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5.3 Graphs and Stats

Table 5: Descriptive Statistics of Shades and Prices - Indonesia

Attribute Shades Price

Count 50 50
Mean 8.04 104456.76
Median 6 84000
Mode 5, 6 79000, 109000, 119000
Std Dev 6.11 105480.23
Variance 37.3 11126079540.23
Minimum 1 15765
Maximum 24 711636
Percentiles:
- 0th 1 15765
- 25th 4 50000
- 50th 6 84000
- 75th 12 119000
- 100th 24 711636

Number of Products by Number of Available Shades 6

25

20 5
Number of Products

15 4
Count of Shades

10 3

5 2

0
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number of Shades

Figure 2: Total Products Grouped by Shades - Indonesia

16
 Number of Shades by Brand
Y.O.U
Wardah
Tony Moly 20.0
Tiff Body
Sensatia Botanica
Runa Beauty
Rose All day
Rollover Reaction 17.5
Raiku
Purbasari
PIXY
Oriflame
Mineral Botanica 15.0
Maybelline
Makeover
Madame Gie
Mad for Makeup 12.5
Luxcrime
LT Pro

17
Brands
Liquid
Count of Shades

L'oreal
Inul Beauty 10.0
Innisfree
Indoganic
Implora
HALE.
Goban Cosmetics 7.5
Focallure
Eucalie
Etude House
ESQA 5.0
Emina
Dear Me Beauty
Bobbi Brown
Beiersdorf
2.5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Number of Shades

Figure 3: Total Shades Grouped by Brands - Indonesia

 Number of Shades by Products
The Simplicity Love You tint
Color Fit Ultralight Matte
Everyday Moisture Lip nutrition
Colorfit Velvet Matte Lip Mousse
Exclusive Matte Lip Cream
delight tony tint
Coconut lip sleeping balm
Lip Care
Lip Color
Juicy Lip Balm
SUEDED! Lip & Cheek Cream
Lip Cream Series
2 in 1 color tint
Lip Cream
the one A-Z lip balm SPF 25
Hydra Lip Cheek Tint
Color sensational the powder mattes
Super Stay Matte Ink
color sensational lip tint
Sensational Liquid Matte
Powestay Transfer Proof Matte Lip Cream
Hydrastay lip whip
Moist Velvet & Smooth Lip Liquide
Brilliant Glaze Lip Liquide
magnifique lip tint
Dew tinted 6hr lip moisturizer
Airy lip mousse
Ultra Light Lip Stain
Longlasting Matte Lip Cream Metalic

Products
Intense Matte Lip Cream
Color Riche Matte
Rouge Signature Liquid Matte Lipstick
Infalible Pro Matte Lip Liquid
Metallic Lip Cream
Vivid oil tint
Beauty Lip & Cheeck Crayon
Urban Lip Cream Matte
Sheen. Tinted lip balm + UV filter
Melted Matte Lip
lip and cheek dual use liquid
Organic lip balm
Dear Darling Water gel tint
Matte Lip Liquid

18
Smoochies Lip balm
Squeeze me up Lip Matte
magic potion lip tint
Creamytint
Perfect Matte Lip Coat
Extra lip tint
NIVEA LIP BALM SOOTHE & PRTECT

0 5 10 15 20 25
Number of Shades

Figure 4: Total Shades Grouped by Product - Indonesia

 Frequency of Products by Type of Lip Product
35

30

25
Frequency

20

15

10

0
Stick Liquid Solid Crayon
Type of Lip Products
Percentage of Products by Type of Lip Product
Legend
Stick: 24%
Solid Liquid: 72%
Crayon
Solid: 2%
Crayon: 2%

Stick Liquid

Figure 5: Total Products Grouped by Type - Indonesia

19
 Frequency of Lip Product by Brands
Y.O.U
Wardah
Tony Moly
Tiff Body
Sensatia Botanica
Runa Beauty
Rose All day
Rollover Reaction
Raiku
Purbasari
PIXY
Oriflame
Mineral Botanica
Maybelline
Makeover
Madame Gie
Brands

Mad for Makeup

Luxcrime
LT Pro
Liquid
L'oreal
Inul Beauty
Innisfree
Indoganic
Implora
HALE.
Goban Cosmetics
Focallure
Eucalie
Etude House
ESQA
Emina
Dear Me Beauty
Bobbi Brown
Beiersdorf

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

Frequency

Figure 6: Frequency of Products by Brands - Indonesia

Histogram of Lip Product Prices

12

10

8
Frequency

0
0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

700000

Price

Figure 7: Product - Price Distribution - with KDE - Indonesia

20
 Box Plot of Lip Product Prices with Percentiles
700000

600000

500000
minimum
10th percentile
400000 25th percentile
Price

median
75th percentile
300000 90th percentile
maximum

200000

100000

Figure 8: Product - Price Distribution - BoxPlot - Indonesia

Bar Plot of Lip Product Shades

25

20

15
Shades

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency

Figure 9: Product - Shades Distribution - with KDE - Indonesia

21
6 Analytics for India
6.1 Raw Data

Table 6: Raw Data for Study (2023) - India

Lip Product Brand Type Shades Price

Color Sensational Creamy Matte Lipstick Maybelline Lipstick 44 299
SuperStay Matte Ink Liquid Lipstick Maybelline Liquid Lipstick 30 699
SuperStay Matte Ink Crayon Lipstick Maybelline Lip Crayon 10 599
Lifter Gloss Maybelline Lip Gloss 4 799
Baby Lips Loves Color Lip Balm Maybelline Lip Balm 3 175
Baby Lips Bloom Lip Balm Maybelline Lip Balm 2 180
9 to 5 Powerplay Priming Matte Lip Color Lakmé Lipstick 35 599
Absolute Matte Melt Liquid Lip Color Lakmé Liquid Lipstick 15 800
Absolute Plump and Shine Lip Gloss Lakmé Lip Gloss 8 800
Lip Love Chapstick Lakmé Lip Balm 7 160
Xtraordin-airy Lip Mousse Lakmé Liquid Lipstick 14 700
Color Riche Lipstick L’Oréal Paris Lipstick 43 799
Rouge Signature Matte Liquid Lipstick L’Oréal Paris Liquid Lipstick 13 899
Matte Luxe Lipstick Nykaa Lipstick 12 849
So Matte Lipstick Nykaa Lipstick 48 450
So Creme! Creamy Matte Lipstick Nykaa Lipstick 18 329
Matte To Last! Liquid Lipstick Nykaa Liquid Lipstick 24 675
Gloss It Up! High Shine Lip Gloss Nykaa Lip Gloss 4 550
Macaron Lip Balm Nykaa Lip Balm 7 299
Lips Don’t Lie! Line & Fill Lip Liner Nykaa Lip Liner 16 399
Ultra Matte Lipstick Nykaa Lipstick 17 649
Matte-ilicious lip crayon lipstick Nykaa Lip Crayon 8 799
Serial Kisser Moisturising Tinted Lip Balm Nykaa Lip Balm 5 179
Paintstix! Waterproof Matte Lipstick Nykaa Lipstick 9 525
All day matte liquid lipstick Nykaa Liquid Lipstick 19 399
Gloss it up pH Lip gloss oil Nykaa Lip gloss 1 575
Get set matte! Demi matte lip cream liquid lipstick Nykaa Liquid Lipstick 12 499
8 hour lasting full cover matte gloss Nykaa Lip gloss 8 599
Matte tattoo liquid lipstick Nykaa Liquid Lipstick 10 899
Matte As Hell Crayon Lipstick Sugar Cosmetics Lipstick 34 899
Smudge Me Not Liquid Lipstick Sugar Cosmetics Liquid Lipstick 47 499
Time To Shine Lip Gloss Sugar Cosmetics Lip Gloss 8 499
Nothing Else Matter Longwear Lipstick Sugar Cosmetics Lip Balm 21 599
Lipping On The Edge Lip Liner Sugar Cosmetics Lip Liner 6 525
Soft Matte Lip Cream Miss Claire Lipstick 52 225
Long Lasting Matte Lipstick Miss Claire Liquid Lipstick 21 325
Continued on next page

22
 Table 6 – Continued from previous page
Lip Product Brand Type Shades Price
Matte & Pearly Gloss Miss Claire Lip Gloss 22 75
Butter Lip Balm Miss Claire Lip Balm 9 150
Glimmersticks Lip Liner Miss Claire Lip Liner 25 65
Ecostay matte lip lacquer Lotus Herbals Lip Lacquer 16 616.25
Proedit lip plumper + gloss Lotus Herbals Lip Plumper 10 505.75
Lotus herbals LIP BALM Lotus Herbals Lip Balm 2 169.28
Ecostay butter matte lip color Lotus Herbals Lip Color 22 531.25
Colorkick exfoliating & Hydrating Lip sugar Lotus Herbals Lip Color 2 293.25
Proedit liquid matte lip color Lotus Herbals Lip Color 12 633.25
Proedit silk touch Matte Lip Color Lotus Herbals Lip Color 2 590.75
Super lustrous lipstick Revlon Lipstick 38 799
Super lustrous(bold matte) Revlon Lipstick 12 799
Colorstay satin Ink Lip Color Revlon Lipstick 22 999
Colorstay overtime lip color Revlon Lipstick 10 1300
Colorstay Longwear Lip Liner Revlon Lip Liner 4 810
Super Lustrous The Luscious Mattes Lipstick Revlon Lipstick 12 799
Colorstay matte lite crayon Revlon Lip Crayon 10 999
Ultra HD vinyl Lip Polish Revlon Lip Polish 8 1250
Super lustrous lipstick Revlon Lipstick 12 799
Colorstay Matte lite crayon Revlon Lip Crayon 10 999
Colorstay suede ink Revlon Lipstick 10 1199
Nourishing Tinted 100% Natural Lip Balm Mamaearth Lip Balm 1 199
Nourishing 100% Natural Lip Balm Mamaearth Lip Balm 1 149
Tinted 100% Natural Lip Balm Mamaearth Lip Balm 4 299
Soft Matte Long Stay Lipstick Mamaearth Lipstick 9 399
Moisture Matte Long Stay Lipstick Mamaearth Lipstick 17 499
Creamy Matte Long Stay Lipstick Mamaearth Lipstick 9 399
Feather Light Liquid Matte Lipstick Mamaearth Liquid Lipstick 4 249
Color Pop Matte Lip Color Elle 18 Lipstick 24 100
Color Pops Silk Lipstick Elle 18 Lipstick 3 100
Liquid Lip Color Elle 18 Liquid Lipstick 40 150
Lit Lip Stack Liquid Lipstick Elle 18 Liquid Lipstick 6 275
OMG Lip Gloss Elle 18 Lip Gloss 7 175
2 Timing Lip & Cheek Tint Elle 18 Lip Tint 2 150

23
6.2 Sampled Data
6.2.1 On Basis of Brands

Table 7: Products grouped by Brand - India

Brand Frequency Percentage Cumulative Percentage

Nykaa 16 22.85 22.86
Revlon 11 15.71 38.58
Mamaearth 7 10.00 48.58
Lotus Herbals 7 10.00 58.58
Elle 18 6 8.57 67.15
Maybelline 6 8.57 75.72
Lakmé 5 7.14 82.86
Sugar Cosmetics 5 7.14 90.00
Miss Claire 5 7.14 97.14
L’Oréal Paris 2 2.86 100.0

6.2.2 On Basis of Type

Table 8: Products grouped by Type - India

Type Frequency Percentage Cumulative Percentage

Lipstick 22 31.44 31.44
Liquid Lipstick 13 18.57 50.01
Lip Crayon 4 5.71 55.72
Lip Gloss 6 8.57 64.29
Lip Balm 11 15.71 80.00
Lip Liner 4 5.71 85.71
Lip gloss 2 2.86 88.57
Lip Lacquer 1 1.43 90.00
Lip Plumper 1 1.43 91.43
Lip Color 4 5.71 97.14
Lip Polish 1 1.43 98.57
Lip Tint 1 1.43 100.0

24
6.2.3 On Basis of Shades

Table 9: Products grouped by Shades - India

Shades Frequency Percentage Cumulative Percentage

1 3 4.28 4.28
2 5 7.14 11.42
3 2 2.86 14.28
4 5 7.14 21.42
5 1 1.43 22.85
6 2 2.86 25.71
7 3 4.28 29.99
8 5 7.14 37.13
9 4 5.71 42.84
10 7 10.0 52.84
12 6 8.56 61.40
13 1 1.43 62.83
14 1 1.43 64.26
15 1 1.43 65.69
16 2 2.86 68.55
17 2 2.86 71.41
18 1 1.43 72.84
19 1 1.43 74.27
21 2 2.86 77.13
22 3 4.28 81.41
24 2 2.86 84.27
25 1 1.43 85.70
30 1 1.43 87.13
34 1 1.43 88.56
35 1 1.43 89.99
38 1 1.43 91.42
40 1 1.43 92.85
43 1 1.43 94.28
44 1 1.43 95.71
47 1 1.43 97.14
48 1 1.43 98.57
52 1 1.43 100.0

25
6.3 Graphs and Stats

Table 10: Descriptive Statistics of Shades and Prices - India

Attribute Shades Price

Count 70.0 70.0
Mean 14.74 532.54
Median 10.0 525.0
Mode 10.0 799.0
Std Dev 12.72 305.88
Variance 161.76 93565.36
Minimum 1.0 65.0
Maximum 52.0 1300.0
Percentiles:
- 0th 1.0 65.0
- 25th 6.25 279.56
- 50th 10.0 525.0
- 75th 20.5 799.0
- 100th 52.0 1300.0

Number of Products by Number of Available Shades

50

40
Number of Products

30

20

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Number of Shades

Figure 10: Total Products Grouped by Shades - India

26
 Number of Shades by Brand
Elle 18

Mamaearth

Revlon

Lotus Herbals

Miss Claire

27
Sugar Cosmetics

Brands
Nykaa

L'Oréal Paris

Lakmé

Maybelline

0 50 100 150 200

Number of Shades

Figure 11: Total Shades Grouped by Brands - India

 Number of Shades by Products
Elle 18 2 Timing Lip & Cheek Tint
Elle 18 OMG Lip Gloss
Elle 18 Lit Lip Stack Liquid Lipstick
Elle 18 Liquid Lip Color
Elle 18 Color Pops Silk Lipstick
Elle 18 Color Pop Matte Lip Color
Feather Light Liquid Matte Lipstick
Creamy Matte Long Stay Lipstick
Moisture Matte Long Stay Lipstick
Soft Matte Long Stay Lipstick
Tinted 100% Natural Lip Balm
Nourishing 100% Natural Lip Balm
Nourishing Tinted 100% Natural Lip Balm
Revlon colorstay suede ink
Colorstay Matte lite crayon
Revlon super lustrous lipstick
Revlon ultra HD vinyl Lip Polish
Colorstay matte lite crayon
Super Lustrous The Luscious Mattes Lipstick
Colorstay Longwear Lip Liner
Revlon colorstay overtime lip color
Revlon colorstay satin Ink Lip Color
Revlon super lustrous(bold matte)
Revlon super lustrous lipstick
Proedit silk touch Matte Lip Color
Proedit liquid matte lip color
Colorkick exfoliating & Hydrating Lip sugar
Ecostay butter matte lip color
Lotus herbals LIP BALM
Proedit lip plumper + gloss
Ecostay matte lip lacquer
Miss Claire Glimmersticks Lip Liner
Miss Claire Butter Lip Balm
Miss Claire Matte & Pearly Gloss
Miss Claire Long Lasting Matte Lipstick
Miss Claire Soft Matte Lip Cream
Sugar Cosmetics Lipping On The Edge Lip Liner
Sugar Cosmetics Nothing Else Matter Longwear Lipstick
Sugar Cosmetics Time To Shine Lip Gloss
Sugar Cosmetics Smudge Me Not Liquid Lipstick
Sugar Cosmetics Matte As Hell Crayon Lipstick

Products
Nykaa matte tattoo liquid lipstick
8 hour lasting full cover matte gloss
Get set matte! Demi matte lip cream liquid lipstick
Nykaa Gloss it up pH Lip gloss oil
All day matte liquid lipstick
Nykaa Paintstix! Waterproof Matte Lipstick
Nykaa Serial Kisser Moisturising Tinted Lip Balm
Matte-ilicious lip crayon lipstick
Nykaa Ultra Matte Lipstick
Nykaa Lips Don't Lie! Line & Fill Lip Liner
Nykaa Macaron Lip Balm
Nykaa Gloss It Up! High Shine Lip Gloss
Nykaa Matte To Last! Liquid Lipstick
Nykaa So Creme! Creamy Matte Lipstick
Nykaa So Matte Lipstick
Nykaa Matte Luxe Lipstick
L'Oréal Paris Rouge Signature Matte Liquid Lipstick
L'Oréal Paris Color Riche Lipstick
Lakm Xtraordin-airy Lip Mousse
Lakmé Lip Love Chapstick

28
Lakmé Absolute Plump and Shine Lip Gloss
Lakmé Absolute Matte Melt Liquid Lip Color
Lakmé 9 to 5 Powerplay Priming Matte Lip Color
Maybelline Baby Lips Bloom Lip Balm
Maybelline Baby Lips Loves Color Lip Balm
Maybelline Lifter Gloss
Maybelline SuperStay Matte Ink Crayon Lipstick
Maybelline SuperStay Matte Ink Liquid Lipstick
Maybelline Color Sensational Creamy Matte Lipstick

0 10 20 30 40 50
Number of Shades

Figure 12: Total Shades Grouped by Product - India

 Frequency of Products by Type of Lip Product

20

15
Frequency

10

0
ick ick on loss alm iner loss acqu
er
lump
er olor olish int
Lipst Lipst Lip Cray Lip G Lip B Lip L Lip g Lip L Lip P Lip C Lip P Lip T
Liquid
Type of Lip Products
Percentage of Products by Type of Lip Product
Legend
Lipstick: 31%
Liquid Lipstick: 19%
Lip Crayon: 6%
Lip Gloss: 9%
Lip Balm: 16%
Lip Liner: 6%
Lip gloss: 3%
Lip Lacquer: 1%
Lip Plumper: 1%
Lip Color: 6%
Lip Polish: 1%
Lip Tint: 1%

Figure 13: Total Products Grouped by Type - India

29
 Frequency of Lip Product by Brands
Elle 18

Mamaearth

Revlon

Lotus Herbals

Miss Claire
Brands

Sugar Cosmetics

Nykaa

L'Oréal Paris

Lakmé

Maybelline

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Frequency

Figure 14: Frequency of Products by Brands - India

Histogram of Lip Product Prices

10

6
Frequency

0
200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Price

Figure 15: Product - Price Distribution - with KDE - India

30
 Box Plot of Lip Product Prices with Percentiles
minimum
10th percentile
1200 25th percentile
median
75th percentile
1000 90th percentile
maximum

800
Price

600

400

200

Figure 16: Product - Price Distribution - BoxPlot - India

Bar Plot of Lip Product Shades

25

20

15
Shades

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency

Figure 17: Product - Shades Distribution - with KDE - India

31
7 Survey
7.1 Objective
The primary objective of this study is to ascertain the relative popularity and
consumer perceptions of Indian lip product brands among students from diverse
backgrounds.

7.2 Methodology
A Google Form survey was designed and distributed among students from various
educational institutions, ensuring a mix of backgrounds and demographics. The
survey included questions related to brand awareness, satisfaction levels, and factors
influencing brand choice.

7.3 Sample Description

The survey targeted students aged 17-20 (first and second year college students),
encompassing undergraduate levels across different fields of study. The sample size
was n=60, with a balanced representation of genders and socio-economic back-
grounds. With such a low sample size, there maybe errors and misleading results
but the data can be used to get a general idea of the market.

7.4 Key Findings

• Brand Awareness: Maybelline and Lakmé emerged as the most recognized
brands, with 83% and 87% awareness respectively, while Revlon got the lowest
recognition with merely 35% awareness.
• Satisfaction Levels: In terms of satisfaction, Maybelline scored the highest,
with average rating of 77% satisfaction with their products. Lakmé followed
suit, with a satisfaction rate of 71%.
• Most Popular: Lakmé and Maybelline were the most popular brands, with
47% and 43% of respondents respectively having used their products.

7.5 Conclusion
The survey highlights Maybelline and Lakmé as the most recognized and popular
Indian lip product brands among college students. Maybelline leads in satisfac-
tion, while Revlon trails in awareness. These findings emphasize the significance
of brand recognition and consumer satisfaction in shaping preferences among this
demographic, providing valuable insights for marketing strategies and product de-
velopment.

32
 7.6 Visual Analysis

Elle 18 Brand Preference L'Oreal Paris Brand Preference

Rating: 3 Haven't Heard Rating: 3

15.0% 15.0% 11.7%

Rating: 2
Haven't Heard 6.7% Rating: 2
43.3% 18.3%
8.3% Rating: 1
8.3%
46.7%
26.7% Rating: 1
Haven't Used
Haven't Used

Lakme Brand Preference Lotus Herbals Brand Preference

Haven't Heard Rating: 3
Rating: 3

13.3% 8.3% Rating: 2

18.3%
Haven't Heard 16.7%
41.7%
16.7% Rating: 2 8.3%
40.0% Rating: 1
Haven't Used 11.7%
25.0%

Rating: 1
Haven't Used

33
 Mamaearth Brand Preference Maybelline Brand Preference
Haven't Heard Haven't Heard
Rating: 3 Rating: 3

18.3% 21.7% 16.7% 21.7%

8.3% Rating: 2
15.0%
6.7% Rating: 2
41.7% 5.0%
45.0% Rating: 1
Haven't Used
Haven't Used Rating: 1

Miss Claire Brand Preference Nykaa Brand Preference

Rating:Rating:
3 2
Rating: 3
Rating: 1 Haven't Heard
3.3%
5.0% 15.0%
6.7% 20.0%

16.7% Rating: 2
55.0%
Haven't Heard 30.0%
Haven't Used 3.3%
45.0% Rating: 1

Haven't Used

Revlon Brand Preference Sugar Cosmetics Brand Preference

Rating: 3 Rating: 3
Rating: 2
Rating: 1 Rating: 2
3.3%6.7% Haven't Heard 5.0%
5.0% 15.0%
33.3%
6.7% Rating: 1
20.0% Haven't Used
65.0%
Haven't Heard
40.0%

Haven't Used

34
8 Inference
8.1 Indonesia
Most of the products are present in the price range of 15000 to 175000 Indonesian
Rupiah, which roughly translates to INR 80 - 900. Some of the products lie outside
this range and can be seen as occasional peaks in the bar plot. The maximum price
of any product is Ru 711636 and the minimum is Ru 15765. The mean price of all
products is Ru 104456 (INR 544) and the median is Ru 84000. The data also shows
a standard deviation of around 105480.

The number of shades per product varies from 1 to 24, with the mean being 8.04 and
the median being 6. Also, companies like Wardah, Maybelline, Makeover, L’oreal
and Implora boast a large number of shades in their products while other companies
do not have as much variety.

Both variables have relatively high standard deviations compared to their means,
indicating wide variability when it comes to prices and shade counts around their
respective averages.

Outliers are present in both variables, especially considering the large difference
between the 75th percentile and the maximum values for both price and shades.

Most of the lip products produced by these brands fall under the ’liquid’ category,
as evident from the donut chart. It accounts for 72 percent of the total products.
From the remaining, 24 percent are ’stick’ type and solid and crayon account for 2
percent each.

Also, most companies only have one product present in the data, with some ex-
ceptions being Emina, L’oreal, Luxcrime, Madame Gie, Makeover, Maybelline and
Wardah which have 2 or more products each. Emina, Wardah and Maybelline form
the most popular brands in Indonesia closely followed by Madame Gie and L’oreal.

8.2 India
Most of the products were observed to lie in the price range of Rs. 200 to Rs. 800.
The median of prices was found to be Rs. 525, while the number of shades vary
from 1 to 52, with the median being 10. Outliers exist in both datasets.

The standard deviation for shades is around 12.72, indicating a moderate amount
of variability in the number of shades. For prices, the standard deviation is ap-

35
proximately Rs. 305.88, suggesting a lot of variability in the prices of lipsticks. A
wide range of shades are available for people to choose from and there are many
affordable options as well as expensive.

Lipstick and Liquid Lipstick Dominate: Lipstick and liquid lipstick are the most
prevalent types of lip products, together accounting for nearly 50% of the total dis-
tribution. This suggests that these two forms are likely the most popular choices
among consumers.

The data shows a diverse range of lip product types, including lip balm, lip gloss,
lip liner, lip crayon, etc. This indicates that consumers have a variety of options to
choose from based on their preferences and needs, such as hydration, color intensity,
or longevity.

Traditional lip products like lipstick, lip gloss, and lip balm seem to be more pop-
ular compared to newer or specialized forms like lip lacquer, lip plumper, or lip
polish. This suggests that consumers may have established preferences for classic
lip product formulations.

While some products like lipstick and lip gloss are mainstream and widely used,
there are also niche products like lip lacquer, lip plumper, and lip tint, each repre-
senting a smaller portion of the market. These niche products may cater to specific
consumer preferences or trends.

The presence of newer product types like lip lacquer and lip plumper, although in
smaller proportions, suggests that there is ongoing innovation in the lip product
industry to introduce new formulations and meet evolving consumer demands.

Nykaa emerges as the leading brand with the highest frequency, constituting ap-
proximately 22.86% of the total distribution. This indicates that Nykaa holds a
significant market share and is likely a popular choice among consumers.

Indian brands such as Nykaa, Lakmé, Sugar Cosmetics, Miss Claire, Lotus Herbals,
Mamaearth, and Elle 18 collectively make up a significant portion of the market,
representing approximately 65.71% of the total distribution. This highlights the
growing prominence and competitiveness of Indian brands in the lipstick market.

Established international brands like Maybelline, L’Oréal Paris, and Revlon also
have a notable presence.

Brands like Nykaa, Elle 18, and Mamaearth, known for offering affordable and
budget-friendly products, have a considerable share of the market. This suggests

36
that consumers are inclined towards brands that offer good quality at competitive
prices.

The presence of multiple brands in the market provides consumers with a wide
range of options to choose from, allowing them to select products based on factors
such as brand reputation, product quality, price, and availability.

Also, while Nykaa holds the highest frequency, the market is not overly concentrated
at one point, as there is a distribution of market share among several brands. This
indicates healthy competition within the lipstick market, fostering innovation and
diverse offerings for consumers.

9 Comparative Study
• Prices: Indonesia has a broader price range, with products ranging from Rp
15,765 to Rp 711,636. The median price is Rp 84,000. In contrast, prices in
India are generally lower, ranging from Rs. 200 to Rs. 800, with a median
price of Rs. 525. Indonesia has a higher maximum price and wider price range
compared to India.
• Shade Variety: India offers a wider range of shades per product, with the
number of shades varying from 1 to 52 and a median of 10 shades. In com-
parison, Indonesia has a lower average number of shades per product, ranging
from 1 to 24, with an average of 8.04 shades. India provides a more diverse
selection of shades for consumers to choose from.
• Price Variability: Indonesia has a higher standard deviation for prices (Rp
105,480) compared to India (Rs. 305.88), indicating greater variability in
pricing. This suggests that prices in Indonesia fluctuate more widely around
the mean price, potentially influenced by factors such as brand positioning,
product features, and market demand.
• Brands: India has a larger presence of domestic brands, with Nykaa leading
the market in terms of frequency (22.86%). Indian brands collectively hold
a significant share (65.71%). International brands like Maybelline, L’Oréal
Paris, and Revlon also have a notable presence. In comparison, Indonesia
has a more even distribution of brands, with Emina, Wardah, Maybelline,
L’Oréal, and Makeover having multiple products, while many brands have
only one product.

37
References
[1] Sarah Boslaugh. Statistics in a Nutshell. O’Reilly Media, 2nd edition, 2012.
[2] Chris P. Tsokos and Kandethody M. Ramachandran. Mathematical Statistics
with Applications. Academic Press, 1st edition, March 2009.
[3] Pritha Bhandari. Sampling bias and how to avoid it | types & examples, 2020.

[4] Dety Nurfadilah and Yulita F Susanti. Case Study for Descriptive Statistics.
Ipmi Press, 2022.
[5] Best lipstick brands in india. Online. Accessed on April 10, 2024.
[6] 12 best lipsticks in 2023: India’s top brands & shades. Online. Accessed on
April 10, 2024.
[7] 10 best makeup brands in india - top indian cosmetic brands. Online. Accessed
on April 10, 2024.

38
 Contributions

Table 11: Contributions of the authors

Details of use Overall

Contribution Contribution
Name Roll No. of web resources/ Contribution
in Report Writing in Analysis
Codes/AI tools, etc. to work done
Grouping products CSV to LaTeX
Arka Mukhopadhyay B23120 Remaining 16.8
by brands and type table converters
Data Analysis ChatGPT and Gemini
Pranab Ray B23169 Remaining 16.8
Inference to refine writeups
Collecting
Kamal Yadav B23209 Data Collection - 16.6
Indian Data
KDE and GitHub Copilot
Arani Ghosh B23119 - 16.6
Descriptive Statistics to beautify graphs
Collecting
Ayuj Aryan B23198 Data Collection - 16.6
Indonesian Data
Collecting
Kunal Sharma B23079 Data Collection - 16.6
Indian Data

39