Worksheet A: (Topic 2.

11) Logarithmic Functions Name: Solutions

Directions: Write limit statements for the end behavior of the following logarithmic functions.
3
1. f ( x ) = 3log 2 x 2. g ( x ) = -2log x 3. h ( x ) = logp x
4
𝑎 > 0 and 𝑏 > 1 𝑎 < 0 and 𝑏 > 1 𝑎 > 0 and 𝑏 > 1
Left: lim! 𝑓(𝑥) = −∞ Left: lim! 𝑓(𝑥) = +∞ Left: lim! 𝑓(𝑥) = −∞
!→# !→# !→#

Right: lim 𝑓(𝑥) = +∞ Right: lim 𝑓(𝑥) = −∞ Right: lim 𝑓(𝑥) = +∞

!→$% !→$% !→$%

Directions: The graphs of 𝑘 and 𝑚 are shown below. Use the graphs to answer the following.

𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡 𝐨𝐟 𝒌(𝒙) 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡 𝐨𝐟 𝒎(𝒙)

4. The graph of 𝑘 is 8. The graph of 𝑚 is

(A) increasing at an increasing rate. (A) increasing at an increasing rate.
(B) increasing at a decreasing rate. (B) increasing at a decreasing rate. Concave down
(C) decreasing at an increasing rate. Concave up (C) decreasing at an increasing rate.
(D) decreasing at a decreasing rate. (D) decreasing at a decreasing rate.
5. Which of the following pairs of limit statements 9. Which of the following pairs of limit statements
correctly describes the end behavior of 𝑘? correctly describes the end behavior of 𝑚?
(A) lim+ k ( x ) = -¥ and lim k ( x ) = -¥ (A) lim+ m ( x ) = -¥ and lim m ( x ) = -¥
x ®0 x ®¥ x ®0 x ®¥

(B) lim+ k ( x ) = -¥ and lim k ( x ) = ¥ (B) lim+ m ( x ) = -¥ and lim m ( x ) = ¥

x ®0 x ®¥ x ®0 x ®¥

(C) lim+ k ( x ) = ¥ and lim k ( x ) = -¥ (C) lim+ m ( x ) = ¥ and lim m ( x ) = -¥

x ®0 x ®¥ x ®0 x ®¥

(D) lim+ k ( x ) = ¥ and lim k ( x ) = ¥ (D) lim+ m ( x ) = ¥ and lim m ( x ) = ¥

x ®0 x ®¥ x ®0 x ®¥

6. Which of the following could be the equation for 𝑘? 10. Which of the following could be the equation for 𝑚?
(A) k ( x ) = -2log 4 x (B) k ( x ) = 2log 4 x (A) m ( x ) = -3log8 x (B) m ( x ) = 3log8 x
(C) m ( x ) = -3 (8) (D) m ( x ) = 3 (8)
x x x
æ1ö
(C) k ( x ) = -4 ( 2) (D) k ( x ) = 4 ç ÷
x

è2ø 𝑎 > 0 and 𝑏 > 1

𝑎 < 0 and 𝑏 > 1

Worksheet A: Logarithmic Functions Topic 2.11 Created by Bryan Passwater

Solutions by Ted Gott [email protected]
 7. Which of the following equations could be 𝑘 &' ? 11. Which of the following equations could be 𝑚&' ?
x x
æ1ö æ1ö
(A) k ( x ) = ç ÷ ( x ) = - ( 2) (A) m ( x ) = ç ÷ (B) m-1 ( x ) = - ( 2)
-1 -1 x -1 x
(B) k
è2ø è2ø
-1 1
(C) k -1 ( x ) = (D) k -1 ( x ) = -2log 4 x (C) m-1 ( x ) = 2x (D) m -1 ( x ) =
2 log 4 x 3log8 x
! !
From 6. 𝑥 = −2 log ( 𝑦 log ( 𝑦 = − ) From 10. 𝑥 = 3 log + 𝑦 log + 𝑦 = ,
! 1 ! !
𝑦 = C8'/, E = 2!
𝑦 = C4&'/) E = F G
2

Directions: Selected values of the several logarithmic functions are shown in the tables below. For each table, find the
value of the constant 𝑘.

12. 13.
𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) x values are changing 𝑥 𝑔(𝑥) x values are changing
by multiplying by 10 by multiplying by 4
0.3 2 3
over equal-length y 1 over equal-length y
4 value intervals, so
3 5 value intervals, so
𝑘 = 30(10) = 300 3 2 𝑘 = 3(4) = 12
30 8 The next value of The next value of
𝑥 = 10𝑘 = 300(10) 𝑘 3 𝑥 = 4𝑘 = 12(4) = 48
𝑘 11
= 3000 48 4
3000 14

14. x values are changing by 15. x values are changing by

𝑥 ℎ(𝑥) 𝑥 𝑙(𝑥)
' ' '
multiplying by ) over multiplying by ," = .
12𝑘 𝑘−1 3! 4
equal-length y value over equal-length y value
6𝑘 𝑘 intervals, so 3- 6 intervals, so
' ' '
3𝑘 𝑘+1 (3𝑘) = 6 ⇒ 𝑘 = 4 27 8 𝑘 = 3 M. N = ,
)
The x values form a
6 𝑘+2 3 10
sequence of 12𝑘 = 12(4)
3 𝑘+3 = 48, 24,12, 6, 3 𝑘 12

16. Let f ( x ) = 3log5 ( x + 4 ) .

a) Find the domain and range of the function f . Domain: 𝑥 + 4 > 0 ⇒ 𝑥 > −4 𝑎 > 0 and 𝑏 > 1 ⇒ Range is (−∞, ∞)

b) If g ( x ) = -2 f ( x - 3) , find the domain and range of g . Domain: 𝑥 > −1 Range is (−∞, ∞)

𝑔 is a horizontal shift of 𝑓(𝑥) of 3 so the domain of 𝑔(𝑥) is 𝑥 > −4 + 3 = −1. There is also a vertical dilation of −2
of 𝑓(𝑥) which will reflect 𝑓(𝑥) over the x–axis which will still have a range of (−∞, ∞)

c) If k ( x ) = f ( 2 x ) + 7 , find the domain and range of 𝑘. Domain: 𝑥 > −2 Range is (−∞, ∞)

' '
𝑘 is a horizontal dilation of 𝑓(𝑥) by a factor of )
so domain is 𝑥 > −4 M)N = −2 and the vertical shift of 𝑓(𝑥) does
not affect the range.

Worksheet A: Logarithmic Functions Topic 2.11 Created by Bryan Passwater

Solutions by Ted Gott [email protected]