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Lesson 3 Poetry and Its Elements

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38 views

Lesson 3 Poetry and Its Elements

Uploaded by

Moira Kelly Tolero
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Meaning of POETRY

Form of art which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities.
Derived from Greek word “poeisis” which means “making” or “creating”.

‘emotion recollected in tranquillity’, ‘memorable speech’,


‘the best words in the best order’, ‘no ideas but in things,’
‘negative capability’, ‘objective correlative’,
‘what of was thought but ne’er so well expressed’ and
‘imaginary gardens with real toads in them’.
Types of Poetry
Sonnet - a short rhyming poem with 14 lines. Invented in the 13/14th
century by Dante and an Italian philosopher Francisco Petrarch.
Found and developed by writers such as Shakespeare.
Limerick - a five-line witty poem with a distinctive rhythm. The first, second
and fifth lines, the longer lines, rhyme. The third and fourth
shorter lines rhyme. (A-A-B-B-A).
Haiku - This ancient form of poem is of Asian origin. Haiku's are composed
of 3 lines, each a phrase. The first line typically has 5 syllables,
second line has 7 and the 3rd and last line repeats another 5.
Narrative - A narrative poem tells the story of an event in the form of a
poem. There is a strong sense of narration, characters, and plot.
It may be dramatic, with objectives and diverse characters. (The
Raven)
There was an Old man with a Beard
“There was an Old Man with a beard,
Who said, ‘It is just as I feared!
Two Owls and a Hen,
Four Larks and a Wren,
Have all built their nests in my
beard!”
Mellow May
Mellow, mild, May day,
calling children out to play.
Summer's on her way!

Butterflies in trees,
brilliant sunsets, starry eves.
Time for ice cream, please!
Types of Poetry
Epic - a lengthy narrative poem in grand language celebrating the adventures
and accomplishments of a legendary or conventional hero.
Couplet - two lines of verse which rhyme and form a unit alone or as part of a
poem.
Free Verse - A Free Verse Poem does not follow any rules. Their creation is
completely in the hands of the author.

Acrostic - An acrostic poem is a poem where the one letter in each line spells
out a word or phrase vertically that acts as the theme or message
of the poem.
Lyric Poetry – portrays the poet’s own feelings, state of mind, and perceptions. Derived
from the word “lyre” which implies that it is intended to be sung.
POETRY
Elements. The Poetry Workshop.
1. Stanza – series of lines grouped together.
Couplet (2 lines)
Tercet (3 lines)
Quatrain (4 lines)
Cinquain/Quintet (5 lines)
Sestet (6 lines)
Septet (7 lines)
Octave (8 lines)
2. Rhyme – repetition of similar sounds.
I saw a fairy in the wood (8 syllables)
He was dressed all in green (6 syllables)
He drew his sword while I just stood, (8 syllables)
And realized I’d seen. (6 syllables)
3. Rhyme Scheme – a continuation of rhyme.
I saw a fairy in the wood (8 syllables) Rhyme
A
He was dressed all in green (6 syllables) Rhyme
B
He drew his sword while I just stood (8 syllables)
Rhyme A
And realized I’d seen. (6 syllables) Rhyme
B
4. Rhythm – music made by the stressed and unstressed syllable.

Iambic – unstressed then stressed. (^/)


(The falling out of faithful friends renewing is of love)
Trochaic – Stressed then unstressed. (/^)
(Double, double toil and trouble)
Anapestic – Two unstressed syllable followed by one stressed.
(^^/)
Example: Engineer
Dactylic – one stressed then two unstressed. (/^^)
Example: Beautiful
Spondaic – two stressed syllables. (//)
Pyrrhic – two unstressed syllables. (^^)
Renew
Double
Engineer
Beautiful
My chest of books divide among my
friends.
The Only News I Know
Emily Dickinson

The only news I know


Is bulletins all day
From Immortality.
The only shows I see,
Tomorrow and Today,
Perchance Eternity.
The Tyger
William Blake

Tyger Tyger, burning bright,


In the forests of the night;
What immortal hand or eye,
Could frame thy fearful symmetry?
The Tempest
William Shakespeare

The Assyrian came down like the wolf on the fold,


And his cohorts were gleaming in purple and gold;
And the sheen of their spears was like stars on the
sea,
When the blue wave rolls nightly on deep Galilee.
The Lost Leader
Robert Browning

“Just for a handful of silver he left us,


Just for a riband to stick in his coat—
Found the one gift of which fortune bereft us,
Lost all the others she lets us devote;
They, with the gold to give, doled him out silver,
So much was theirs who so little allowed:
How all our copper had gone for his service!”
5. Meter – basic structural make-up of a poem/ the number of feet in a
line. 1 foot is equal to 1 measured rhythm.
Monometer – 1 foot
Dimeter – 2 feet
Trimeter – 3 feet
Tetrameter – 4 feet
Pentameter – 5 feet
Hexameter – 6 feet
Heptameter – 7 feet
Octameter – 8 feet
6. Theme – message of the poem.
7. Symbolism – symbols that convey ideas.
8. Imagery – device used for readers to create an image that may
encompass the five senses.
Symbolism
Black is used to represent death or evil.
White stands for life and purity.
Red can symbolize blood, passion, danger, or immoral character.
Purple is a royal color.
Yellow stands for violence or decay.
Blue represents peacefulness and calm.
Roses stand for romance.
Violets represent shyness.
Lilies stand for beauty and temptation.
Chrysanthemums represent perfection.
I do not like green eggs and ham.
I do not like them, Sam-I-Am.
a) Iambic pentameter
b) Iambic tetrameter
c) Iambic hexameter
d) Trochaic tetrameter
Five syllables start
Seven syllables follow
Five syllables end

a) Sonnet
b) Haiku
c) Limerick
d) Poem
Identify the rhythm: Elaine

a) Iambic
b) Trochaic
c) Dactylic
d) Anapestic
For the moon never beams
Without bringing me dreams
Of the beautiful Annabel Lee
a) Anapestic Dimeter
b) Dactylic Dimeter
c) Anapestic Trimeter
d) Dactylic Trimeter
Lord what fools these mortals be

a) Anapestic Trimeter
b) Trochaic Trimeter
c) Anapestic Dimeter
d) Dactylic Dimeter
Writing Poetry Workshop
Introduction and the Poetic Line
Poetry orchestrates its music, arguments, tensions, and environment via arrangements of language into lines and
stanzas. Do you break more for sound, for sense, visual effect, shape, a mix of several?
Abstraction and Image
Abstraction doesn’t mean “deep,” and image doesn’t mean “picture.” Images are typically understood as anything
you can literally touch/taste/see/hear/smell, and abstractions are those things for which we have symbols (a clock
for “time,” a heart for “love”) but no image. Abstractions and images may fill our poems, but how can you tell
what’s what, and how can you leverage them to compelling ends?

Metaphor and Other Formulas of Difference


The juice in these formulas comes from how different the two things being compared seem to be. This is why
writing: “the shark moved like a fish” is, alone, a lot less interesting than saying “the shark moved like a squad car.”

Rhyme
Rhyme leverages patterns of sameness and how we can estrange similarity for compelling poetic effects.
Writing Poetry Workshop
Rhythm
All spoken language has rhythm, the trick is working the rhythm in such a way that drives your poem toward
the effects you’re after.

Sharpened Poetry: Revision Strategies


When you revise a poem, you are not trying to dull the emotional flash of your first draft. You must, instead,
intensify it.

“In a poem the words should be as pleasing to the


ear as the meaning is to the mind.”

Marianne Moore
Activity Time
Poetry

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