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Harvard Formatting and Style Guide

Cover Page
Harvard formatting requires a very specific title page. About halfway down the page is the

title of the paper, in all capital letters. Following this (about three lines down) is the name of the

author. This is not in capital letters. Move four lines down and then put the name of the class, and,

on the line after that, the name of the professor. Next line is the name of the school, then the city

and state where it is located, and, finally the date.

Header
The header contains a short description of the title and a sequential the page number.

Using the example title “The American Presidency”…a partial title and page number in Harvard

format could look like:

Presidency 1

There are severa

Then click the one that reads “Plain Number 3.” A number corresponding to the page you are on

will appear on the right-hand side of the header. The cursor is now on the left side of the number.

Type your partial title and then press the space bar exactly five times. Now double click
anywhere in the body of the main document and the page number header is set.
 The Harvard Essay Template 1

The Harvard Essay Template: The Essay Title is Centered and Capitalized

The first paragraph of the essay introduces the reader to your topic with a “hook,” which

might be an interesting fact, a statistic, a lively quotation, or an anecdote that sheds light on your

essay. The introduction then leads to the thesis statement, which is sometimes underlined,

depending on your professor’s preference. The thesis statement is the main idea of the essay,

telling the reader in one sentence what the body of your essay will demonstrate or prove, and the

rest of the essay supports the thesis with facts, evidence, and reasoning.

If You Have a Long Essay, Use Centered Headings to Break Up the Body of the Essay

Use Italicized Headings for Subsections

The first sentence of the first body paragraph should be the topic sentence, which tells the

reader what the paragraph will discuss – this sentence should relate to the thesis and provide

support for the claim made in the thesis statement. After the topic sentence, supporting details are

used to back up the topic sentence and provide more information about it. Each detail should

relate back to the topic sentence. Details can include analysis, explanation, quotations about the

subject, and/or facts and figures that support the topic sentence. The paragraph should conclude

with a sentence that sums up the paragraph and leads into the next body paragraph.

New Subheadings May Be Used to Introduce New Subtopics

Transition words, such as “similarly,” “however,” “therefore,” etc. can be helpful in

linking paragraphs. You should show how your next paragraph connects to the one that came

before. The paragraph should have its own topic sentence and follow the same format as the first

body paragraph, with supporting details and a closing sentence. Each body paragraph should

repeat the topic sentence, supporting details, and closing sentence format.

Use a New Heading When You Change Major Topics

 The Harvard Essay Template 2

Within your paragraphs, you should be sure to cite your sources using in-text citations. In

Harvard style, these ctations use the author’s name and first initial, the year of publication, and

the page number on which the information appears. You should provide a citation for each fact,

summary, paraphrase, or

of boldface, underlining, or italics. The whole paper should be double-spaced with

smooth left margins and jagged right margins. In Harvard style, the titles of books, movies, long

plays, TV shows, journals, newspapers, magazines, and websites are Italicized. Short stories,

poems, episodes of

TV shows, and short plays are placed in “Quotation Marks.” (This is for in-text mentions; the

rules are different for the reference list.) Following these conventions makes it easy for readers to

recognize what you are referring to quickly and accurately.

 The Harvard Essay Template 3

The Conclusion Finishes the Essay

The first sentence of the conclusion should restate the thesis statement, reminding the

reader in different words what the essay has shown or proved. You should t hen offer a brief

discussion of your topic, reminding the reader what the most important parts of the essay were.

You should finish your essay with the “take home” message, the single most important point you

want the reader to remember after the reader has put down your paper. This could take the form

of a quotation, a fact, a statistic, or a well-dveloped, original thought. Following the conclusion

is the reference list, which lists on a separate page all the sources used in the in-text citations, and

only the sources used in-text.

The Harvard Essay Template 4
 The Harvard Essay Template 5

Keller, M. & Horne, S., 1976. Take back the knight: reinterpreting medieval poetry from a

feminist perspective. Journal of Medieval Literature, 12(5), pp.66-89.

Nevins, S., 2010. Most men don’t cry—why? [Online] (updated 4 Feb. 2010) Available at:

<http://www.wowowow.com/relationships/mos t-men-dont-cry-why-sheila-nevins-

439529> [Accessed 5 Feb. 2010].

Note: If there is no author listed, begin with the corporate author or publisher, like this:

The Economist, 2010. Facing up to China. [Online] (updated 4 Feb. 2010) Available at:

<http://www.economist.com/opinion/displayStory.cfm ?

story_id=15452821&source=hptextfeature> [Accessed 5 Feb. 2010].