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Clin Nut Test 1 Sem 1 2022

The document contains a nutrition exam with 9 multiple choice and essay questions covering topics like vitamins, pregnancy nutrition, alcohol consumption, malnutrition and diabetes management. It includes data on a patient case study and asks examinees to analyze the data, identify goals and recommend a meal plan.

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37 views

Clin Nut Test 1 Sem 1 2022

The document contains a nutrition exam with 9 multiple choice and essay questions covering topics like vitamins, pregnancy nutrition, alcohol consumption, malnutrition and diabetes management. It includes data on a patient case study and asks examinees to analyze the data, identify goals and recommend a meal plan.

Uploaded by

balkrishna.narshai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEPT: CHIRORACTIC DATE: 06 APRIL 2022

SUBJECT: CLINICAL NUTRITION TIME: 08H00-10H00


TEST: THEORY TEST ONE MODE: ONLINE–MS TEAMS
EXAMINER/S: DR J JACQUIRE TOTAL: 125 MARKS

QUESTION ONE [10 marks]


Consider the following statements. Answer as true or false (provide a reason for those statements which
answer ‘false’).

a) Enjoy a variety of foods.


b) Make starchy foods part of every meal.
c) Eat few vegetables and fruit every day.
d) Eat dry beans, split peas, lentils and soya regularly.
e) Have milk, maas or yoghurt every third day.
f) Fish, chicken, lean meat or eggs can be eaten weekly.
g) Drink lots of clean, safe water.
h) Use fats sparingly. Choose vegetable oils, rather than
hard fats.
i) Use sugar and foods and drinks high in sugar sparingly.
j) Use salt and food high in salt liberally.

QUESTION TWO [10 marks]


Refer to the table below. Match the vitamin in column A to its correct function in column B.

2.1 VITAMIN B1 (THIAMIN) A- Responsible for amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, and metabolism
of Vitamin K, folic acid, and niacin.
2.2 VITAMIN B12 B- Manufactures nerves, hormones, RBCs and other tissues.
(CYANOCOBALAMIN)
2.3 VITAMIN B3 (NIACIN) C- Responsible for digestion of carbs, fatty acids and amino acids. It is
essential for cardiovascular and CNS function.
2.4 VITAMIN C (ASCORBIC D- Needed in synthesis of tissues of high respiration rates, fatty acid
ACID) synthesis and in the repair of DNA.
2.5 VITAMIN B5 E- Involved in folate metabolism, leukocyte functions and wound
(PANTOTHENIC ACID) healing.
2.6 VITAMIN B2 F- Important for growth and development and prevention of anaemia.
(RIBOFLAVIN) Involved in lipid, carbohydrate and folate metabolism
2.7 VITAMIN A G- Required for maintenance of skeletal integrity and proper
utilization of calcium and phosphorus. It is important for both children
and adults
2.8 VITAMIN E H- It is important for vision, growth, healthy skin and acts as an
(TOCOPHEROL) antioxidant.
2.9 VITAMIN D I- Important for clotting
(CALCIFEROL)
2.10 VITAMIN K J- Antioxidant, prevents blood clots and protects fatty membranes in
the heart, nerves and muscles.

1
QUESTION THREE [15 marks]
Nutritional guidelines are important during pregnancy and lactation. Pregnancy leads to changes that affect
all of the body systems. Various symptoms or complaints may arise in pregnancy as a result of these changes
within the affected systems.

What advice would you give to a pregnant female to help avoid the following?
3.1 Nausea and Vomiting (morning sickness) (4)
3.2 Heartburn (4)
3.3 Constipation (4)
3.4 Bladder infections (3)

QUESTION FOUR [5 marks]


Pica is a common nutritional problem in pregnancy. Discuss pica and its role in pregnancy.

QUESTION FIVE [15 marks]


Water is an important nutrient. In the human body most biochemical reactions occur in water, and water is
an active participant in those reactions involved in as many diverse functions of the human body. Answer
the questions that follow:
5.1 Discuss the effect of water consumption in kidney diseases (10)
5.2 Comment on the public health problems related to water intake in South Africa. (5)

QUESTION SIX [10 marks]


The negative effects of alcohol consumption on adult health have been extensively researched and widely
documented. Your patient has made the aforementioned statement. She proceeds to ask you to explain
these effects. Provide an explanation outlining the negative social and economic effects of alcohol abuse.

QUESTION SEVEN [20 marks]


Mike is a 42-year-old man with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. He has been referred for a
nutritional assessment in view of lung transplantation. Mike lives alone and is often tired, anxious and
depressed. His health affects his day to day functions and he is very limited in what he is able to do because
of gross fatigue. He attends physiotherapy at the hospital twice week for rehabilitation. He has never seen
a dietitian before. He has no biochemistry results. Analyse the data history below and answer the questions
that follow.

Data history:
Current Weight: 61 kg Usual Weight: 77 kg
Height: 183cm BMI= 18

Weight loss has occurred gradually over the last 5 years. Mike has had 5 hospital admissions this year. To receive a
lung transplant, Mike must reach a goal weight of 67 kg.

Diet history:
Breakfast: 1x Weetbix, milk, sugar
Lunch: Soup, occasionally yogurt

2
Dinner: Small portion of meat, potato and vegetables, (sometimes too tired to eat), Snacks: Rarely

Answer the Questions that follow:


1.Provide a summary nutritional assessment for Mike, noting any assumptions made in the case (10)
2. Identify and justify the optimal clinical goals and objectives of dietary management for Mike, include a
suggested meal plan (10).

QUESTION EIGHT [20 marks]


Discuss food security and diversity of diet in South African adults (10), include in your answer any
observations made as a student at university (5). Identify ways in which we can improve food security and
dietary diversity is SA (5).

QUESTION NINE [20 marks]


A 56-year-old female presents to your practice with widespread musculoskeletal pain, she has been
diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for 5 years. Her condition is controlled with the use of antigylcemic drugs
(metformin). She also takes medication for the treatment of ulcers as well as lipid lowering drugs (Lipitor)
and antihypertensives (beta blockers). Recently, she has complaints of intermittent cramps in her toes,
fatigue and constipation. Her anthropometric data reveals BMI of 32.

a) What bloodwork/investigations may be done to monitor her condition/diagnose a potential


condition? (10)
b) Critically assess the information provided, make observations and recommendations to this patient
(10).

TOTAL 125 MARKS


SCAN, SAVE AS PDF AND EMAIL TO - [email protected]

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