UNIT 1 UST

Business

- Reading: Previewing (Previsualizar)

- Critical Thinking: Classifying
- Vocabulary Word Forms
- Writing: Writing a main idea and supporting sentences
- Grammar: Verbs+ Infinitives (Like, Want and Need)

Reading Skill Previewing

Good Readers Preview a text (for example, an online Article, a Report, a Story) before they read every
word. They look quickly at different parts of the text to get a general idea of what it is about.
Here are some tips for Previewing:

- Read the Title. The title is the name of the whole text
- Read the Heading. A heading is a title of part of the text
- Read the Captions under the pictures. A caption explains the picture.

An: Un
At: En
Heading: Encabezado
Captions: Subtitulos

Critical Thinking Strategy

Classifyng
One way to Classify information is to organize information in a chart. This helps you understand the
information better. When you classify information, you ask yourself, where does the information go in the
chart?
Chart: Grafico
Do: Hacer
Does:Hace
Vocabulary Skill Word Forms
Some words are both Nouns and Verbs. They look the same, but they work differently in a sentence.
A noun refers to a person, place, object, or idea.
A verb Refers to an Action

Word Noun Verb

Film The are watching a Film He Films animal with his phone
Match This job is a Match for you My skills and interests match
my carrer.
Plan His plan is to go on vacation I plan activities for people in
next month my office
Research They are doing Important I Research new medicines at
Research work.
Result The Result of his hard work is a Hard work Results in success.
good website
Work There are many kinds of Work I work in a large hospital.

WRITING
Objective: At the end of this unit, you will write a few sentences about a job that is right for you. Your
sentences will include specific information from the readings and your own ideas.

WRITING SKILL Writing a main idea and supporting sentences

The main idea is the big idea. For example: My work is interesting
Supporting sentences give more information about I meet new people.
the main idea. I learn about new products
For example:
Supporting sentences give details about the main Main Idea: Constuction workers need to be strong.
idea. Be sure the supporting sentences connect to They work with big machines
the main idea. For example: They lift heavy things.
They wear warm clothes
(NOT a supporting sentence.
GRAMMAR Verb+ Infinitives (like, want and need)
Like, Want, and Need are often followed by a noun phrase or an infinitive (to+base from of the verb)
Noun Phrase Infinitive
I like my team I Like to help people.
I want a career I want to be a doctor.
I Need a good job. I need to work.

Cognitive Science
- Critical Thinking: Restating (Re-expression)
- Reading: Skimming (
- Vocabulary: word Roots
- Writing: Sentences With but and so
- Grammar: Simple Past

Critical Thinking Strategy

Restating
To restate is to say or write information from the reading in your own words. You can restate one
sentence or many sentences. Try not to use the exact same words as in the reading. Restating is a good
way to test how well you understand the reading.

Reading Skills
Good readers first preview an article (look at the title, headings, pictures, and captions) to get a general
idea of what the article is about. Then they skim the article. Skimming is reading a text very quickly to
get some basics information from it. After they skim the article, they read it slowly and carefully.
Here are some tips to help you skim in an article:
Do not read Every word
-Focus on the first sentences and paragraph.
-Often important ideas are at the beginning of a paragraph
-Look for Keywords. Then words repeat often
-Do not look up any new vocabulary
-As you read, ask yourself, what is it about?

Vocabulary/ Skill Word roots

The root of a word is the part of a word with the basic meaning.
Memory Remember Memorize Memorial
The root is mem, wich means Memory. The meaning of each of the words relates to this basic meaning.
Learning word roots can help you understand new words.
Writing Skill Writing sentences with but and so
You can connect two simple sentences with but to give opposite or different information, use a come
before but.
You can Connect two simples sentences with so when the second sentences are a result of the first
sentences. Use a coma before so.
Grammar Simple past with regular and irregular verbs
Regular Verb
Use the simple past to talk about actions that happened in the past
To form the simple past of regular verbs, add -ed to the base from the verb.
For verbs that ending in e, just ad -d
For verb ending in y, drop the y and add –ied.
Irregular verbs
Past of be
The verb be is an irregular in the simple past. It was two words: was and were.
Was: I, HE, SHE,IT
Were: WE, YOU, THEY
Here are some common irregular verbs with their simple past forms.
Come: came
Do:did
Get:got
Go:went
Have:had
Know: Knew
Make:Made
Read: Read
Say:said
Speak:spoke
Take: Took
Write: Wrote
Negative from the simple past
To form a negative statement, use did+not (or didn´t) + base from of the verb.
I answered most of the questions. I did not answer all of them.
Vocal consonante: más ed
Pasado simple
Si termina en y es ied
Cuando terminaba con la e se le agrega la d
El it avisa que esta pasado por lo tanto no hay que transformarlo.

Sociology Unit 3
Critical Thinking: Identify Pros and Cons
Reading: Reading charts, graphs, and tables
Vocabulary: Modifying pronouns
Writing: using correct paragraph structure
Grammar: Sentences with because
Adjetivo le da una cualidad al sustantivo, van en singular

Vocabulary skill Modifying nouns

In English, a noun can modify another noun. The first noun describes the second noun. It acts like an
adjective
el sustantivo pasa a cambiar en adjetivo
El adjetivo debe ser singular
Siempre es el adjetivo luego el sustantivo
Vacation time: time on vacation
work email: email from work
Knowing (conociendo) how to use modifying nouns correctly improves your vocabulary.
When a noun acts like an adjective, ir cannot be plural.
Vacation time(correcto)
Vacations time x
Job stress (correcto)
Jobs stress x
 Writing Skill Using correct paragraph structure
A paragraph is a group of sentences about the main idea. Paragraphs for school and university work
usually have the following parts.
A topic sentence: this sentence tells the main idea of the whole paragraph. It is usually the first or second
sentences in a paragraph.
Supporting sentences: These sentences explain the main idea. They often give examples and details.
A concluding sentence: This sentence ends of paragraph. Sometimes it tells the reader the main idea
again. Some paragraphs, especially short ones, do not have a concluding sentence.
A strong paragraph is important for a good writing
Note: At the beginning of a paragraph, the writer indents the first line.
This means the line starts after several spaces.

Grammar Sentences with Because

You can combine two sentences with because. Because introduces the reasons for a situation or state.
Bobis a doctor. (reason) - He cannot take long vacations. (situation)
Bob cannot take long vacations because he is a doctor.
Because bob is a doctor, he cannot take long vacations.

I exercised this morning (Reason) - Now I am relaxed. (State)

I am relaxed because I exercised this morning.
Because I exercised this morning, I am relaxed.
Ther is no comma when because in in the middle of the sentences. There is a comma when the sentence
begins with because.
When the subject in both parts of sentence is the same, use a pronoun un the second part of the sentence
(CORRECT)The employees are happy because they have more vacation days.
(INCORRECT)The employees are happy because the employees have more vacation days.
Topic Sentence
Supporting Sentence 1: First of all,
Supporting Sentence: Also,
Supporting Sentence: Finally,
Concluding Sentence: For these reasons

Physiology Unit 4
Reading Identifying the topic sentences in a paragraph
Critical Thinking Identifying supporting information
Vocabulary Parts of Speech
Writing a topic sentence
Grammar Sentences with when
Reading Skill Identifying the topic sentence in a paragraph
The topic sentence explains the main idea of a paragraph. Other sentences in a paragraph support the
topic sentence. Often, the topic sentence is the first sentence of paragraph, but sometimes it is the second
sentence or the last sentence. Finding the topic sentence helps you quickly understand what the paragraph
is about. See the topic sentences underlined below.
Topic: Tema
Critical Thinking Strategy
Identifying supporting information
Often writers make claims (say something is true). When you read, ask yourself, where is the supporting
information in the reading? What about my own experience? Do I have examples that can support the
claim?
Example:
Claim In reading: Laughter exercises your whole body.
Supporting information in reading: Ten to 15 minutes of laughter burns 50 calories (about 4 minutes of
running).
Supporting example from your experience: When I laugh really hard, the muscles in my stomach hurt.
Vocabulary Skill Part of speech
When you see a word, you do not know in a text, it helps to identify the part of speech of the word.
Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs are examples of parts of speech. Knowing the part of speech helps you
better understand the meaning and use of the word. If you are not sure, you can find the part of speech in
a dictionary.
Noun. A person, place, object, or idea
Verb. An action
Adjective : Describes a noun
Adverb: Describe an action
When you know a part of speech, you can use the word correctly in a sentence.
Correct: She laughs at my jokes
Incorrect: She laughed at my jokes

UNIT 2 UST