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Solution

The document discusses solutions, including defining solutions as homogeneous mixtures of solutes dissolved in solvents. It describes types of solutions such as saturated, unsaturated and supersaturated. It also lists some common uses of solutions in areas like pharmaceuticals, food/beverages, cleaning products, and industrial processes.

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kakoseamand
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34 views

Solution

The document discusses solutions, including defining solutions as homogeneous mixtures of solutes dissolved in solvents. It describes types of solutions such as saturated, unsaturated and supersaturated. It also lists some common uses of solutions in areas like pharmaceuticals, food/beverages, cleaning products, and industrial processes.

Uploaded by

kakoseamand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Erbil Polytechnic University

Institute Of Medicine
Department Of Pharmacy
First Stage
Group: C

Report about:

Solution

prepared by: supervised by:


kamal Seamand Abdulstar
Contents
Introduction:.............................................................................................................................................................3
Types of Solutions:....................................................................................................................................................3
Uses:.......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Conclusion:...............................................................................................................................................................4
References:................................................................................................................................................................5

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Introduction:

Solution: is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent.

solvent: the substance in which a solute dissolves to produce a homogeneous mixture.

Solution Solute Solvent Examples


gas gas gas air, natural gas
liquid gas liquid seltzer water (CO2CO2 gas in water)
liquid liquid liquid alcoholic beverage (ethanol in water), gasoline

liquid solid liquid tea, salt water


solid gas solid H2H2 in PdPd (used for H2H2 storage)
solid solid liquid mercury in silver or gold (amalgam often used
in dentistry)

solute: the substance that dissolves in a solvent to produce a homogeneous mixture.

Types of Solutions:

 A supersaturated solution comprises a large amount of solute at a temperature


wherein it will be reduced, as a result the extra solute will crystallize quickly.
 An unsaturated solution is a solution in which a solvent is capable of dissolving
any more solute at a given temperature.
 A saturated solution can be defined as a solution in which a solvent is not capable
of dissolving any more solute at a given temperature.

The solutions are of two forms, depending on whether the solvent is water or not.

 Aqueous solution – When a solute is dissolved in water the solution is called an


aqueous solution. Eg, salt in water, sugar in water and copper sulfate in water.
 Non-aqueous solution – When a solute is dissolved in a solvent other than water, it
is called a non-aqueous solution. Eg, iodine in carbon tetrachloride, sulphur in
carbon disulfide, phosphorus in ethyl alcohol.

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Uses:
1. Pharmaceuticals: Many drugs and medications are formulated as solutions for easy
administration and precise dosing.
2. Food and Beverage Industry: Solutions are used in food processing for flavoring,
preserving, and coloring various products.
3. Cleaning Agents: Solutions are used as solvents in household and industrial cleaning
products to dissolve and remove dirt, grease, and stains.
4. Biological and Medical Applications: Solutions are used in biological research,
medical diagnostics, and therapies, including DNA extraction, cell culture media, and
intravenous fluids.
5. Environmental Analysis: Solutions are employed in environmental monitoring and
testing for detecting pollutants, contaminants, and toxins in air, water, and soil samples.
6. Industrial Processes: Solutions are integral to various industrial processes, including
metal extraction, textile dyeing, and wastewater treatment.
7. Energy Production: Solutions play a role in energy production processes such as fuel
formulation, chemical synthesis for renewable energy technologies, and nuclear reactor
coolant solutions.

Conclusion:

solution chemistry is a cornerstone of our understanding of the behavior of substances in


liquid phases. Through the study of solution chemistry, scientists and researchers are able
to delve into the intricacies of solubility, concentration, and colligative effects, which are
pivotal concepts in various scientific disciplines such as chemistry, biology, and
environmental science. By examining how solutes interact with solvents and other solutes,
solution chemistry provides insights into processes ranging from the dissolution of
pharmaceuticals in the human body to the formation of atmospheric aerosols. Moreover,
the principles of solution chemistry underpin many practical applications, including the
design of drug formulations, the purification of drinking water, and the development of
materials with specific properties. Overall, a deep understanding of solution chemistry not
only enriches our knowledge of molecular interactions but also empowers us to tackle
real-world challenges and innovate solutions for a wide array of societal needs.

4
References:

 https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/solutions/whatis.html

 https://byjus.com/chemistry/types-of-solutions/

 https://schoolbag.info/chemistry/mcat_2/71.html

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