Jimma University

College of Natural Sciences

Department of Statistics
Work sheet and Assignment- (Probability and Statistics)
Submission date: Final exam date of this course
Part I: Individual assignment (Question number: 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 16, 25, and 27)
Part II: Group assignment (Question number: 1, 3, 8, 13, 15,17,20,22, and 24)

1. The following data are grouped frequency distribution on Basic Statistics final
examination for Business student’s results. Construct the full grouped frequency
distribution on the given information.

Class Class boundary Class Freq. Cf (less Cf (more

limit Mark than than type)
type)
10 40
38
34
28
20
45 10
2. An urn contains 3 red balls, 2 blue balls and 5 white balls. A ball is selected without
replacement and its color noted. A second ball is selected and its color noted. Find the
probability of:

a) Selecting two blue balls.

b) Selecting a blue ball and then a white ball.

c) Selecting a red ball and then a blue ball.

3. The marks of 25 sample students (out of 10) are summarized in the following discrete
frequency distribution table.

Score (X): 1 2 3 5 6 8
No of students (f): 3 3 f1 2 10 f2

If the arithmetic mean is 4.8, then what are the values of the missed frequencies f1 and f2.
4. If he mean of one class of 50 students are 30 and the mean of marks of another class of 100
students are 40. What is the mean of all 150 students?

5. A researcher wants to estimate the average farm size in Oromia. From a simple random
sample of 40 farms, the researcher obtains a sample mean farm size of 731 acres. What is the
sample, parameter, Statistic and Population of interest?
6. The mean height of a class of 28 students is 162 cm. A new student of height 149 cm joins the
class. What is the mean height of the class now?
7. The investigator was interested in studying the martial status, which is often grouped as
Single(S), Married (M), Divorced (D), and Widowed (W) of people in a certain town. The
following data were obtained.
D S D D SW S D S S D D W M M S D D D W M S S W M D D M D WD S SW D D S D S M
WMDSDWDMSSDWWSSSWSDMWSS
a. To which scale of measurement do these data belongs?
b. Summarize the data by constructing the appropriate frequency distribution
c. Present the data using the appropriate Graph/Diagrams.
8. One bag contains 4 white balls and 3 black balls, and the second bag contains 3 white
balls and 5 black balls. One ball is drawn at random from the second bag and placed
unseen in the first bag. What is the probability that a ball now drawn from the first bag is
white?
9. If a single card is drawn from an ordinary deck and its number is noted, then find the
probability that:
a) It is an ace or a diamond. b) It is an ace or a black. c) It is an ace or a Jack.
10. The following data on income in the form of cumulative frequency distribution is given:
INCOME NO.OF PERSONS Find (a) construct a complete Grouped
100---200 15 Frequency table
100---300 33 (b) Draw the appropriate graph
100---400 63 (c) The mean
100---500 83 (d) The median and all quartiles
100---600 100 (e) The 2nd and the 8th deciles
(f) The 40th and the 90th percentiles

11.Suppose 𝑥, 𝑦 have the joint pmf shown below. Here a, b, c, d and e are constants. What are
the values of a, b, c, d and e if x and y are independent?
 X

6 8 12

Y 1 0.1 a 0.2

2 0.1 b c

3 d e 0.2

12. Let(𝑥, 𝑦) is the random vector defined by the following probability mass function:

6 7 8 9

Y 6 0.1 0.1 0 0

8 0.1 0.1 0.1 c

10 0 0.1 0.1 2c

a. Calculate the constants c and find the marginal distribution of X and marginal
distribution of Y.
b. Find the conditional probability function of
i. 𝑌 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑕𝑎𝑡 𝑋 = 8
ii. 𝑌 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑕𝑎𝑡 𝑋 = 9
iii. 𝑋 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑕𝑎𝑡 𝑌 = 10
c. Find the expected value of Y
d. Compute 𝜎𝑥𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜌𝑥𝑦 and interpret both
13. Suppose 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 are jointly distributed according to the p.d.f
6 2 𝑥𝑦
𝑥 + ; (0 < 𝑥 < 1);
𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 7 2
(0 < 𝑦 < 2)
0, 𝑜𝑡𝑕𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
a. Verify this is indeed a pdf
b. Find the marginal density function of 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦
c. Find 𝑝(𝑥 > 2𝑦) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝(𝑦 > 𝑥)
1 1
d. Find 𝑝(𝑦 > 2 / 𝑥 < 2)
e. Compute 𝑝 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 1 , 𝑣𝑎𝑟 −𝑥 + 2𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶𝑜𝑣 𝑥, 𝑦

14. Let X and Y have the joint pdf

 𝑘
; 0 < 𝑦 < 𝑥; 0 < 𝑥 < 2
𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥

0, 𝑜𝑡𝑕𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒

a. Find a unique value of k for which 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 pdf

b. Find marginal density function of 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦
c. Find 𝑓(𝑥/𝑦)
d. Compute E(Y/X=1.5)
e. Are x and y independent?
15. Let 𝑥, 𝑦 is bivariate random variable and let a, b are any constants then show that
𝑉𝑎𝑟 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑎2 𝑣𝑎𝑟 𝑥 + 𝑏 2 𝑣𝑎𝑟 𝑦 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑣 𝑥, 𝑦
16. Given the joint pdf
2
 ( x  2 y ), 0  x  1, 0  y  1
f  x, y   3

 0, otherwise
Find the
a. Marginal distribution of x and y?
b. Conditional density of x given y?
c. p( x  1/ 2 / y  1/ 2)
d. Show whether x and y are independent?
17. If two events A and B are independent, show that (3 point)
(i) AC and BC are independent
(ii) AC and B are independent
(iii) A and BC is independent.

18. Classify the following sentences as belonging to the area of descriptive statistics or
inferential statistics.
a) As a result of recent cutbacks by oil-producing nations, we can expect the price of
gasoline to double in the next year.
b) At least 5% of all killings reported last year in city X were due to tourists.
c) Of all patients who received this particular type of drug at a clinic Y, 75% later
developed significant side effect.
d) Adane concludes that his chance of passing the first year this academic year is at
least 80% based on the statistics that 75% of the freshmen passed last year.
19. Classify each of the following first as qualitative or quantitative and second as
nominal (categorical) ordinal, interval, or ratio measure.
a. Times for swimmers to complete a 50-meter race
b. Months of the year Meskerm, Tikimit…
c. Socioeconomic status of a family when classified as low, middle and upper
classes.
d. Blood type of individuals, A, B, AB and O.
e. Regions numbers of Ethiopia (1, 2, 3 etc.)
f. The number of students in a college;
g. The net wages of a group of workers;
h. The height of the men in the same town;
i. The pages of a book are numbered from 1 through 150

20. Box 1 contains 1 white and 999 red ball. Box 2 contains 1 red and 999 white ball. A
ball is picked from a randomly selected box. If the ball is red, what is the probability that
it came from box 1
21. If the permutation of the word WHITE is selected at random, how many of the
permutations
i. Begins with a consonant?
ii. Ends with a vowel?
iii. Has a consonant and vowels alternating?
22. If 3 books are picked at random from a shelf containing 5 novels, 3 books of poems, and a
dictionary, what is the probability that
a. The dictionary is selected?
b. 2 novels and 1 book of poems are selected?
1
23. Suppose that the 𝑟. 𝑣 𝑋 has possible values 1,2, …. and 𝑃 𝑋 = 𝑥𝑗 = 2𝑗 , 𝑗 = 1,2, …

a. Compute 𝑃 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑 .
b. Compute 𝑃(𝑥 ≥ 4).
c. Compute 𝑃(𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 2).
d. Determine 𝐹 𝑥 , the cumulative distribution function (𝑐𝑑𝑓) 𝑜𝑓 𝑋.
 24. Let 𝑋 be a continuous random variable with 𝑝𝑑𝑓:
𝑎𝑥 , 0≤𝑥<3
3𝑎 , 3≤𝑥<4
𝑓 𝑥 = −𝑎𝑥 + 7𝑎 , 4≤𝑥<7
0 , 𝑜𝑡𝑕𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
a). Determine the constant 𝑎.
b). Compute 𝑃 𝑋 ≤ 3.5 .
c). Determine 𝐹 𝑥 , the cumulative distribution function 𝑐𝑑𝑓 𝑜𝑓 𝑋.
25. A continuous random variable X has the following distribution function
𝟎, 𝒙≤𝟏
𝐹 𝒙 = 𝒌(𝒙 − 𝟏)𝟒 , 𝟏<𝑥≤3
𝟏, 𝒙>3
i. Determine k.
ii. Find probability density function of x.
iii. Find the 𝑃 1.5 < 𝑋 < 2 .
26. A random value 𝑋 assumes the values −3, −2, −1,0,1,2,3 such that:
𝑃 𝑋 = −3 = 𝑃 𝑋 = −2 = 𝑃 𝑋 = −1 ; 𝑃 𝑋 = 1 = 𝑃 𝑋 = 2 = 𝑃 𝑋 = 3 and 𝑃 𝑋 =
0 =𝑃 𝑋>0 =𝑃 𝑋<0 . Let 𝑌 = 2𝑋 2 + 4
a. Obtain the probability mass function of𝑋. b. Find the mean and variance of 𝑋.
c. Find the probability mass function of Y.d. Find the mean and variance of 𝑌.
𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 2 , 0<𝑥<1
27. The probability density function of X is given by 𝑓 𝑥 =
0, 𝑜𝑡𝑕𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
3
If E(X) =5 , find a and b?