ABBREVIATIONS

BASED ON PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER

1. A.I.R - All India Reporter

2. SCC - Supreme Court Cases
3. CrLJ - Criminal Law Journal
4. JT - Judgment Today
5. Cr.P.C – Criminal Procedure Code
6. I.P.C – Indian Penal Code
7. C.P.C- Code of Civil Procedure
8. I.L.R - Indian Law Reports
9. JILI - Journal of the Indian Law Institute
10. Vol. - Volume
11. C.A.T - Central Administrative Tribunal
12. I.T.J - Indian Trade Journal
13. N.A.T.O - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
14. BNS - Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023- replacing the Penal Code, 1860,
15. BSA- Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023- the Evidence Act, 1872,
16. BNSS- Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023- the Code of Criminal
Procedure, 1973
ADDITIONAL ABBREVIATIONS

Supra/ Infra

Supra (Latin: ‘above’) is used to refer to a prior footnote. If a different page number is to be indicated
in a source referred to in a prior footnote

E.g. Supra note 5 at 34.

Ibid./ Id.

Ibid. (meaning ‘in the same place’) is used to refer to an authority in the footnote immediately
preceding the current footnote and the same page/ place is being referred to.

Id. (meaning ‘the same’) is used if the authority is the same but the page or place of reference is
different.

E.g. Id. at 30

FOR FURTHER READ, PLEASE REFER LINK BELOW:

https://www.lawyersclubindia.com/articles/important-abbreviations-used-courts-lawyers-must-
know-13622.asp
 LEGAL TERMINOLOGY

Accomplice- A person who has taken part in or aided the commission of a crime.
Accused person- A person or persons accused of committing a crime but not yet tried for it.
Acknowledgement– It is a method to certify or declare one’s knowledge of some document.
It is a statement of acceptance.
Acquaintance Rape- When rape is being committed by a person known/related to the victim.
Acquittal- A conclusion by a judge that the accused person/s are not guilty of the
commission of the charged offence/s.
Actus Reus- It is the unlawful, physical act that constitutes an essential element of a crime
and which, in most cases, must be combined with mens rea (criminal intent) to prove that a
crime has been committed.
Adjournment– The postponement of a case hearing to a later date.
Adjudication– The legal process of deciding a dispute between two or more parties by a
competent authority.
Admissible Evidence- The evidence that a trial judge may consider based on the provisions
of the Indian Evidence Act. All the evidence submitted by the parties to the court may not be
admissible.
Admission– The acceptance of document, fact, or statement by a party before the court.
Advocate : A law graduate entered in any roll under the provisions of the Advocates Act,
1961.
Affidavit– A document sworn by a party before a notary asserting that the contents of the
document are made to the best of the signatory’s knowledge, information and belief.
Pleadings filed in court cases usually need to be supported by affidavits.
Appeal– A process by which a litigant can approach a higher court/authority challenging the
order or judgment of a lower court, tribunal or authority
Appearance- A party showing up in court in response to summons or notice. A party can
make an appearance either in person or through their lawyer, depending on the case. In
criminal proceedings, the complainant and the accused needs to be personally present at
every hearing, unless the Court exempts them.
Appellant : A person who files an appeal i.e. applies to a higher court for a reconsideration
of the decision made by a lower court.
Appellate (also see Jurisdiction) : In a court, those applications that are concerned with
decisions made by a lower court, tribunal or authority.
Arrears : As per the 245th Law Commission report: Some delayed cases might be in the
system for longer than the normal time, for valid reasons. Those cases that show unwarranted
delay will be referred to as arrears. Check the wiki page
Arrest– An arrest is an act of taking a person into custody as he/she may be suspected of a
crime or an offence. It is done because a person is apprehended for doing something wrong.
Arrest Warrant– An order passed by a magistrate or judge authorising a law enforcement
agency to arrest a person suspected of committing a crime.
Arson- It is a voluntary act of burning a property or setting a property on fire.
Assault- It is a threat or attempt to use criminal force on an individual. Actual physical
contact is not required to prove assault.
Attachment– An order seizing or attaching property/assets (including bank accounts) to
satisfy the demands or claims made by a party. Courts may attach a debtor’s property to pay
their creditors or to secure the creditors’ interests during the pendency of proceedings.
Backlog : As per the 245th Law Commission report, when the institution of new cases in any
given time period is higher than the disposal of cases in that time period, the difference
between institution and disposal is the backlog. This figure represents the accumulation of
cases in the system due to the system’s inability to dispose of as many cases as are being
filed.
Bail- Bail is referred to as the temporary release of the accused person in a criminal case in
which the trial has not started or the trial is going on and the court is yet to reach a decision.
The court granting bail usually imposes conditions such as sureties, personal bond,
participation in investigation, as conditions for release.
Beyond Reasonable Doubt- It is the level of proof that is required to be proved to convict an
accused person in a criminal case. In criminal cases, the prosecution bears the burden of
proving that the accused person is guilty beyond all reasonable doubt. The judge needs to be
convinced beyond reasonable doubt, based on their consideration of the evidence, that the
accused is guilty of the crime charged in order to convict them.
Burden of proof- The burden of proof is the standard that the parties have to satisfy to prove
a fact in court. In criminal cases, the burden of proving the accused person’s guilt is on
the prosecution, and they must prove it beyond reasonable doubt. In civil cases, the burden
of proof is on the plaintiff and they have to prove their case by a preponderance of
probabilities. This means that a fact is said to be proved when the court either believes it to
exist or considers its existence so probable that a prudent man ought, under the circumstances
of the particular case, to act upon the supposition that it exists (Narayan Ganesh Dastane v.
Sucheta Narayan Dastane 1975 AIR 1534).
Capital punishment- Capital punishment or the death penalty is the punishment for a crime
which involves taking the convicted person’s life. In India capital punishment is awarded in
the rarest of rare cases.
Case Number : A unique identification number provided by the court for each case, made up
of three components: a case type, the said number, and the year in which the case was
instituted.
Case Status : The stage at which a case is, within the process in the court.
Cause List : A list issued by the registry of the matters to be heard by the court on any day.
The bench, court hall number and the position of the matter are indicated on the cause list.
This list appears in print form in every court, and is made available on the website of several
courts. Check the wiki page
Cause of action– A set of facts and circumstances sufficient for a party to initiate legal action
against another party.
Charge sheet- Charge sheet refers to a formal police record presented to the court showing
the names of each person accused of the criminal offence/s, the nature of the accusations and
the crimes, and the evidence. If the person accused of a crime is in prison, the police has to
file a chargesheet in 60 days (where the punishment for the crime is less than 10 years) or 90
days (where the punishment of the crime is more than 10 years).
Circumstantial Evidence- Circumstantial evidence is indirect evidence that is not based on
direct observation. On its face circumstantial evidence does not prove a fact in issue but
gives rise to a logical inference that the fact exists. A person can be convicted on the basis of
circumstantial evidence only if the circumstances taken cumulatively form a chain so
complete that there is no escape from the conclusion that in all human probability, the crime
was committed by them.
Civil Procedure Code : Codified procedural law related to administration of Indian civil
law.
Civil : That part of the law that encompasses business, contracts, estates, domestic (family)
relations, accidents, negligence, and everything related to legal issues, statutes, and lawsuits,
that is not criminal law.
Commissions : A commission is appointed by a court to ascertain or investigate facts needed
to decide a case. A commission is usually given specific terms of reference. Members of a
commission can be academics, social activists/workers, advocates, or judges.
Commutation– The action of an executive officer to substitute a punishment given to a
convicted person, with a less severe punishment. Under the Constitution, the President and
Governor have the power to commute sentences.
Complaint: Any allegation made orally or in writing to the police or a magistrate stating that
a criminal offence has been committed, with a view to them taking action to investigate the
alleged offence.
Conviction– It is a final adjudication of finding an accused person guilty of the commission
of s crime by a Court.
Counterclaim– A claim made by the defendant against the plaintiff in answer to the claim
raised by the plaintiff.
Court Hall: The room in which the judicial proceedings of the court are carried out. Court
halls are usually described by the numbers assigned to them e.g. Courthall No. 3.
Court Notice/Summons– An official document that a court sends to a party informing them
that a case has been filed against them, and which indicates the date and time of the next
hearing.
Criminal Procedure Code : The main legislation on procedure for administration of
substantive criminal law in India.
Criminal : That which pertains to crimes, and requires the administration of penal justice.
Involving those cases that deal with a violation of a law in which a citizen inflicts injury upon
another citizen or the state. Punishable with the curtailment of liberty, via imprisonment or
detention, or fines.
Cross-examination- The examination of witness by the opposite party shall be called a
cross-examination. Cross-examination gives the opposing party an opportunity to point out
the weaknesses of a witness’ testimony. The lawyer conducting the cross-examination cannot
ask questions outside the scope of the witness’s prior direct examination.
Culpable homicide not amounting to murder- An act which has caused death done with
the intention of causing death, or causing such bodily injury which is likely to cause death, or
done by someone having the knowledge that they can, by their act, likely cause death,
amounts to culpable homicide.
Date of Hearing: The date on which a case is heard in court.
Date of Institution: The date when a case is filed and registered in a court.
Decree Holder – The person in favour of whom the judgment and decree is given by a court,
directing the other party to take action or desist from acting in terms of the decree.
Decree– The formal order of a court that conclusively resolves the issues in a case and
determines the rights of the parties.
Defendant- The party against whom a civil suit is filed
Deferred Sentence- Postponement or delay of a sentence to a future date.
Delay : As per the 245th Law Commission report: A case that has been in the court or
judicial system for longer than the normal time that it should take for a case of that type to be
disposed of.
Disposal : The resolution of a case. This could either be the dismissal or a charge, or a final
judgement. Court records often specify the nature of resolution.
Dispute : A conflict of claims or rights that has given rise to the subject of litigation.
District : An administrative unit within a state. Each district is headed by an official called
the District Magistrate/Deputy Commissioner/Collector.
Evidence– Evidence are things or information brought before the court to prove a fact.
Evidence can be documents, computers, witness testimony, videos, audio recordings,
weapons etc. The Indian Evidence Act governs the admissibility of evidence and burden of
proof.
Ex Parte- A hearing or trial conducted in the absence of one party
Examination in chief- Examination-in-chief is the examination of a witness by the lawyer of
the side who called that witness. It is usually followed by a cross-examination of the witness
by the lawyers of the opposite side.
Exculpatory Evidence- Evidence that establishes the innocence of the defendant.
Executing court– The court which executes the decree. It is generally the court which passed
the decree.
Execution– In a civil case execution is the process of enforcement of the decree to enable the
decree-holder to claim the benefits of the decree. In a criminal case execution is the
implementation of death sentence given by a court.
Executive : The executive is the part of the government that has sole authority and
responsibility for the effecting and enforcing laws.
Exhibit- A document, electronic device or other item introduced in evidence during a trial or
hearing.
Fine– A fine is a sum of money imposed on a convicted person by a court as a punishment.
FIR– First Information Report (FIR) is a written document prepared by the police when they
first receive information about the commission of an offence.
Forgery– The act of making false documents or false electronic records to cause damage or
injury to the public or any person.
Fundamental Rights : A charter of rights contained in the Constitution of India which can
be enforced against the state.
Garnishee– Garnishee is a debtor of judgment debtor whose debt is attached by the court.
Gram Nyayalayas : Village courts instituted by the Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008 for speedy
and easy access to justice system in the rural areas of India.
Habeas corpus- This is a writ that can be filed before the High Court or Supreme Court
when a person is in unlawful detention. A writ of habeas corpus is used to bring a prisoner or
other detainee before the court to determine if their imprisonment or detention is lawful.
Hand Summons/dasti summons– Giving summons “by hand” by the plaintiff or his lawyer
personally to the defendant.
Hearsay– A testimony or evidence by an individual not from his personal knowledge but
what he heard another person saying. Hearsay evidence is usually not admissible in a trial.
Homicide- The act of killing a human being.
Implied bar– A claim/right barred by necessary implication of statute, contract, or general
principles of law.
Indigent person–. An individual who does not possess the financial means to afford the
court fees to be paid with the plaint in a particular suit.
Inquiry- It is every inquiry, other than a trial, conducted by a Magistrate.
Indian Penal Code : Main criminal code of India that covers all aspects of substantive
criminal law in India.
Interpretation : The process of determining the intended meaning of a written document,
such as the constitution, or a statute.
Interlocutory Application – An application filed by either party during the pendency of a
civil proceeding seeking relief of an interim/temporary nature.
Interrogation- The process of law enforcement agencies questioning a person accused of a
crime. The accused person is not obligated to answer the questions asked by the law
enforcement agency, and the fact that they have remained silent generally cannot be used by
the prosecution to help prove guilt. It is illegal for the police to use violence in the process of
interrogation.
Investigation– Investigation includes all the proceedings required for the collection of
evidence to ascertain whether a crime has been committed, who has committed the crime and
to provide evidence to prove the guilt of the accused person. Investigation usually involves
collecting physical evidence like fingerprints, computers, weapons etc and information from
people like witnesses, informants and suspects. It is conducted by the law enforcement
agency or by any person other than a magistrate, who has been authorized by the magistrate
on this behalf.
Issues : The question of fact or law that is in dispute.
Judge : A public official authorised to hear and decide cases in a court of law.
Judgment debtor – The party against whom a court has given a judgement and who is liable
to pay/perform in terms of the decree passed by the court in favour of the decree holder.
Judgment– The final decision in a case determining the rights of parties and the reasoning
for this decision given by a court.
Judicial Custody– Judicial custody means the detention of an accused person in the custody
of the concerned Magistrate. The accused person is lodged in a prison. Magistrates usually
order judicial custody after the accused person has been in police custody for fourteen days or
less.
Judiciary : The judiciary is one of the three main organs of the government (also known as
the judicial system or court system). It is the system of courts that interprets and applies the
law in the name of the state.
Jurisdiction– Jurisdiction refers to the legal authority or power of a court to hear and decide
a case. It is the power to interpret and apply the law, and to determine the facts of a case and
to deliver a binding judgment and enforce it. Jurisdiction can be based on a number of
factors, including the location of the parties or the subject matter of the dispute, and may be
limited by geography, subject matter, and other legal principles.
Juvenile- A juvenile is a person who is under the age of 16 years in the case of boys, or the
age of 18 years in the case of girls. A juvenile has to serve their sentence until the age of
twenty-one years in a remand home. A person between the ages of sixteen and eighteen,
accused of committing ‘heinous offences’ may be tried as an adult
Lawyer : A person who practices law.
Legal representative– The legal heir(s) of a deceased person, or the person(s) who
represents the deceased person after his death.
Legislative Assembly : The name given in some countries to either a legislature, or to one of
its branch. In India, legislative assembly usually refers to the legislature at the state-level.
Legislature : A branch of the government that has the power to make laws in a country.
Limitation The maximum time from the date of the offence that parties have to initiate legal
proceedings. Limitation does not apply to criminal cases involving offences punishable with
imprisonment of more than 3 years.
Litigant : A party to a lawsuit in a court.
Lok Adalats : A system of alternative dispute resolution developed in India. It roughly
means people’s court and it is a forum where disputes/cases pending in the court of law or at
pre-litigation stage are settled/ compromised amicably. Lok Adalats have been given
statutory status under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987.
Malice– Intention to commit a criminal offence.
Mandatory minimum sentence– It is a minimum sentence prescribed for certain serious
offences irrespective of the circumstances of the crime. It reduces a judge’s discretion since
they cannot reduce the sentence below the minimum. E.g. Section 376-DB of IPC provides
for a mandatory minimum punishment of life imprisonment without remission for persons
convicted for rape/gangrape of a girl under the age of 12 years.
Mediation– It is a form of alternative dispute resolution where parties choose a third party
who is neutral to help them to resolve their dispute through compromise and discussion.
Mens Rea- It means guilty mind in Latin. Mens rea refers to criminal intent required in order
to convict a person, and it is an essential element that has to be proved in criminal
proceedings.
Merits– The substantive grounds of dispute between the parties.
Mitigating Circumstances– Mitigating circumstances are facts that appear to mitigate the
seriousness of a crime by rendering the actions of the accused less severe and influences the
sentence given by the judge. E.g. the age of the accused person and their previous criminal
record are considered mitigating cricumstances.
Modus Operandi- The mode or way in which a person commits a crime.
Murder An act committed with an intention to cause death. The act is done with the
intention of causing such bodily injury which the offender has knowledge that it would result
in death.
Notice : The legal notification by which a party or person is made aware of a legal process
affecting their rights, obligations, or duties.
Objection– An argument or contention raised in response to the actions of the other party in
a court or tribunal.
Order–A direction issued by a court against one of more parties to a case. Orders can be
given during the proceedings or after the case has been decided.
Original Jurisdiction : A court’s power to hear a case in the first instance. It is the first court
that hears a matter. This depends on the nature of the case and the value of the dispute in the
case.
Chief Judicial Magistrate, Judicial Magistrate First Class and Judicial Magistrate Second
Class, Civil Judge (Junior Division), Civil Judge (Senior Division) and Sessions Courts
typically have original jurisdiction at the district court level depending on the nature of the
case. In some cities like Bangalore, District Judges will typically have original jurisdiction.
The High Courts of Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras however have original jurisdiction
in civil cases of certain monetary value / nature. Every High Court has original jurisdiction in
revenue matters as well as those relating to admiralty, probate, contempt of court and election
petitions. High Courts have original writ jurisdiction for enforcing fundamental rights as well
as for other purposes under the Constitution under article 226 of the Constitution.
The Supreme Court of India has exclusive original jurisdiction over any dispute between the
Government of India and one or more states or between the Government of India and any
state or states on one side and one or more states on the other or between two or more states.
Article 32 of the Constitution gives original jurisdiction to the Supreme Court for the
enforcement of fundamental rights
Pecuniary jurisdiction– The pecuniary jurisdiction of a court refers to the monetary value of
cases that can be adjudicated by it.
Pendency : As per the 245th Law Commission report pendency refers to all cases instituted
but not disposed of, regardless of when the case was instituted.
Personal Bond- A personal bond is an agreement by the accused person as a condition for
release on bail that they will appear for court hearings and will comply with the conditions
placed on their release.
Petition: A formal written request presented to a court of law.
Petitioner : The party who presents a petition in court of law.
Plaint– A legal document which contains plaintiff’s claims and, and the remedies prayed for
from the court.
Plaintiff : The party who initiates a lawsuit (also known as an action) before a court of law.
Plea bargain- Plea bargaining is a negotiation between the accused and the prosecution
where the accused agrees to plead guilty in exchange for certain concessions by the
prosecution. It is a bargain where an accused person pleads guilty to a lesser charge and the
prosecutors in return drop more serious charges.
Plea– In a court of law, a person’s plea is the answer that they give when they have been
charged with a crime, saying whether or not they are guilty of that crime. It is usually taken at
the initial stage of the trial.
Pleadings- Written presentation by litigants in a case, setting forth the facts upon which they
are claiming legal relief or challenging the claims of the opposite party.
Police Custody- -Police custody means that the physical custody of the accused person is
with the police. The accused person is lodged in a lock-up of a police station. Police custody
is ordered for a maximum of fourteen days after which the accused person has to be kept in
judicial custody.
Prayer : A prayer for relief is a portion of a complaint in which the plaintiff describes the
remedies that they seek from the court.
Precedent: A precedent or authority is a principle or rule established in a previous legal case
that is either binding on a court or other tribunal when deciding subsequent cases with similar
issues or facts.
Pre-emption– It is the preferential right to purchase or enjoy property before another.
Prima facie– It means at first sight in Latin. It is a way to evaluate a case at an initial stage to
see if there is enough material for it to go to trial.
Probation The release of a convict from prison subject to good behaviour and any other
conditions. A violation of probation conditions can lead to its revocation and to
imprisonment.
Procedural : Procedural law comprises the rules by which a court prescribes the steps for
having a right or duty that is judicially enforced, and determines what happens in civil
lawsuit, criminal or administrative proceedings.
Proceedings– It is the form and manner in which a court of law or judicial officer conducts
business.
Public Prosecutor A lawyer representing the state in a criminal trial. Since a criminal
offence is regarded as a public wrong, which has been committed not only against the victim,
but also against society as a whole, the case is prosecuted by the state.
Rape– Sexual intercourse with a woman against her will, without her consent, by coercion,
misrepresentation or fraud or at a time when she has been intoxicated or duped, or is of
unsound mental health and in any case if she is under the age of 18 years.
Record– It is the record maintained by the court for each case, including pleadings,
documents and evidence.
Recusal– It is an action of a judge to withdraw himself from a case in which his bias to one
of the parties may be called into question.
Registry : An office of the court which receives and maintains documents for filing with the
court.
Rejoinder– A pleading in which the plaintiff explains or rebuts the additional facts brought
up by the defendant in their written statement.
Remand- Police custody of an accused person ordered by a magistrate when the
investigation is not completed within 24 hours of arrest.
Remand– To send back the case to the lower court.
Representative suit– It is a suit that is filed by one person on behalf of themselves and on
behalf of others who have the same interest in the suit.
Respondent : A party against whom a petition is filed. This term is generally used in appeals.
A respondent can be the plaintiff or defendant from lower court.
Review : A proceeding in a court to review its own judgement in case of any error or
mistake made with regard to the decision rendered, to rectify the same.
Right– A legally protected interest.
Robbery– Theft is a robbery when in order to commit theft, the offender voluntarily causes
or attempts to cause to any person death, subject him to wrongful restraint, cause hurt or
induce fear of instant death, instant wrongful restraint or cause instant hurt.
Search Warrant- An order signed by a judge for probable cause that directs owners of
private property to allow the police to enter and search for items named in the warrant.
Separation of Powers : A constitutional government with three separate branches: the
legislative, executive, and judicial.
Set off– It is a kind of cross-claim for the recovery of money which the defendant raises
against the claim of the plaintiff subtract dues owed to the defendant by the plaintiff from the
dues claimed by the plaintiff.
Settlement– It is an agreement reached by the parties in a case to resolve their dispute
Special Courts : Bodies within the judicial branch of government that generally address only
one area of law or have specifically defined powers.
Stage of the Case : The steps in process through which a case passes.
Statute– Any law passed by a legislative body at the municipal, state, or central level.
Substantive : A statutory, or written law, that creates and defines rights and duties and
powers of parties, such as crimes and punishments in criminal law, civil rights and
responsibilities in civil law.
Suit : A civil action brought by a party/parties against another in a court of law.
Summons- Summon is a document that commands a person to whom it is served to appear
before the court. and to answer the complaint made against him
Surety- A surety is a person that guarantees the accused person will attend their court hearing
after being granted bail. The surety is required to deposit a security which is forfeited if the
accused person fails to appear in court.
Testimony– It is evidence presented under oath by a witness in court
Theft– Theft means the dishonest removal of moveable property out of the possession of any
person without their consent
Tort- A civil wrong in which an injury is caused by one person to another, and which may be
intentional or unintentional. Prominent examples of torts include negligent injury, battery,
deceit, and defamation.
Transcript- It is a record of official proceedings of a hearing.
Trial- It is a process to determine the guilt or innocence of the accused person. It is a
structured process where the facts of a case are presented to the judge, and they decide if the
accused person is guilty or not.
Tribunals : Tribunals are dispute resolution institutions established for discharging judicial
or quasi-judicial duties related to certain areas of law.
Vakalatnama : A document by which an advocate is empowered to appear or plead before
any court, tribunal or other authority on behalf of a party.
Waiver- It is a voluntary renunciation of a person’s rights, claims or privileges.
Written statement– It is a statement of defence filed by the defendant countering the
allegations of the plaintiff.
Writs : A writ is a formal written order issued by a high court or the Supreme Court asking
the state to refrain from or perform a specific act.
The following are the five types of writs.
Mandamus : An order that is issued by a court of superior jurisdiction to ask a lower court,
tribunal, commission, or individual, to perform or refrain from performing an action that is
required by law.
Habeas
Corpus : A court order that commands an individual or a government official who has restrai
ned another to produce the prisoner at a designated time and place so that the court can deter
mine the legality of custody.
Prohibition : An extraordinary writ issued by a higher court commanding an inferior court or
quasi-judicial body to keep within its jurisdiction.
Quo Warranto : A writ issued with a view to restrain a person from holding a civil office to
which he/she is not entitled
Certiorari : A writ to quash the order already passed by an inferior court, tribunal or quasi-
judicial body.

SYNONYM (PAST YEAR QUESTION PAPERS)

1. ACQUITTAL
2. CONFINEMENT
3. DAMAGE
4. GUILTY

MAKE SENTENCE (PAST YEAR QUESTION PAPER)

1. AMBIGUOUS
2. CHARGE
3. INJUCTION
4. DELIGENT
5. PERJURY
6. BONAFIDE
7. DECREE
8. COUNSEL
9. COUNCIL
10. VESTED
11. CRUELTY
12. HEARSAY
13. ARBITRATOR
14. TRESPASS
15. ABDUCTION
16. DE FACTO
17. EX POST FACTO
18. PRIMA FACIE
19. SINE DIE
20. AUDI ALTRUM PARTUM
21. VOIDABLE
22. EJECTMENT
23. DISCHARGE
24. INSANE
25. DISPUTE
26. ANNOUNCE
27. VOLUNTARY
28. DISHONOUR
29. DISMISS