TEACHERS’ EDUCATION PROGRAM

BACHELOR OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

THIRD YEAR

TEACHING ENGLISH IN THE ELEMENTARY GRADES

(LANGUAGE ARTS)
EDENG1
STUDENT LEARNING MODULE 9- MIDTERM-WEEK 3
TEACHING READING

POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF BOTOLAN

Botolan, Zambales

NOTE:
Do not write anything here. Write your answers on separate sheets provided at the back matter of this Student
Learning Module.

Module 1|Page 1
 Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF BOTOLAN
(Formerly Botolan Community College)
Botolan Zambales
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.pcbzambales.com
Contact #: 0949 155 3113

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
ENGAGE Activity 1: Word Splash; Activate Prior Knowledge 3
EXPLORE Activity 2: Why Me? 3
What is Reading? 4
17 reasons why reading Is Important to Everyone/? 5
Pre-Reading
During Reading
EXPLAIN
Post Reading
(Visit the link to the You Tube Videos)
ELABORATE Activity 3: 7
SUMMARY Reflect: 7
EVALUATE Activity 5: 7
REFERENCES Electronic References 8
ANSWER SHEETS 9

COURSE OUTLINE
MIDTERM COVERAGE
TIME FRAME MODULE NO. TOPICS
Week 7 Module 7
Teaching Listening Comprehension
Week 8 Module 8
Teaching Oral Communication Skills
Week 9 Module 9 Teaching Reading

Week 10 Module 10
Teaching Writing Skills
Week 11 Module 11 Teaching Grammar
Week 12 Module 12 Teaching Vocabulary

OVERVIEW
This module has been designed to give you a comprehensive understanding of several strategies on teaching
reading among elementary pupils.

Early language, literacy and Numeracy (ELLN) videos on the pre-reading, during reading and post reading
strategies are the primary sources used in the preparation of this module. The links are provided to you for you to watch
Z listen to the video lectures by the Filipino reading experts so you will be able to learn from these materials and
and
eventually adopt the strategies learned as you venture to your teaching profession.

Engaging and meaningful activities arranged from simple to complex are provided in this module to help you
learn and achieve the target objectives and to find out for yourself how well you understood what you have watched
and listened. Your performance in this course shall be based on the quality, accuracy and timeliness of your responses
to the different activities in this module.

Enjoy learning despite this COVID-19 pandemic!

Module 1|Page 2
 TITLE TEACHING READING

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

LEARNING
OUTCOMES • define reading;
• cite and appreciate the importance of reading to one’s life; and
• give pre-reading, during reading and post reading strategies learned from
the videos.

Activity 1. WORD SPLASH: Activate Prior Knowledge

ENGAGE Directions: Form at least 3 meaningful sentences on the concepts of reading using the
given words below.

Interactive reader words thinking text

meaning decoding symbols

create READING recognition cognitive

use process complex knowledge

construct comprehension printed

Activity 2. WHY ME?

EXPLORE Directions: List down at least five importance of reading to your life as a student.

Reading is important because….

1.____________________________________________________________________.
2.____________________________________________________________________.
3.____________________________________________________________________.
4.____________________________________________________________________.
5.____________________________________________________________________.

EXPLAIN
basic and pow
What Is Reading?
Reading requires one to identify and understand strings of words in a fluid manner. It is a detailed process that
includes comprehension, word recognition, engagement, and fluency. This lesson will highlight three components of
reading and outline the practical opportunities for application. (What is Reading? - Definition & Process," 2016).

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 Reading is defined as a cognitive process that involves decoding symbols to arrive at meaning. Reading is an
active process of constructing meanings of words. Reading with a purpose helps the reader to direct information towards
a goal and focuses their attention. Although the reasons for reading may vary, the primary purpose of reading is to
understand the text. Reading is a thinking process. It allows the reader to use what he or she may already know, also
called prior knowledge. During this processing of information, the reader uses strategies to understand what they are
reading, uses themes to organize ideas, and uses textual clues to find the meanings of new words. Each of the three
components of reading is equally important. Let's take a look at the components! (What Is Reading?, 2020)
The Reading Process
Reading is a process that involves recognizing words, leading to the development of comprehension. According
to research, reading is a process that negotiates the meaning between the text and its reader. The reading process
involves three stages.
The first is the pre-reading stage, which allows the reader to activate background knowledge, preview the text,
and develop a purpose for reading. A strategy for students to utilize during this stage is to look at the title of the selection
and list all the information that comes to mind about the title.
The second stage occurs during reading, when the reader makes predictions as they read and then confirms
or revises the predictions. For example, a double-entry journal enables the reader to write the text from the reading on
one side and their personal reaction on the other side.
The final stage occurs after reading and allows the reader to retell the story, discuss the elements of a story,
answer questions, and/or compare it to another text. For example, students can create summaries, where they take a
huge selection and reduce it to its main points for more concise understanding.
Comprehension is an intentional, active, and interactive process that occurs before, during and after a person
reads a particular piece of writing.
Reading is a multifaceted process involving word recognition, comprehension, fluency, and motivation. Learn how
readers integrate these facets to make meaning from print. (Leipzig, 2020)

Reading is making meaning from print. It requires that we:

• Identify the words in print – a process called word recognition

• Construct an understanding from them – a process called comprehension

• Coordinate identifying words and making meaning so that reading is automatic and accurate – an
achievement called fluency

Reading is a number of interactive processes between the reader and the text, in which readers use their knowledge to
build, to create, and to construct meaning.

The first keyword is interactive. This keyword refers to two different conceptions: (1) the interaction that occurs
between the reader and the text, whereby the reader constructs meaning based partly on the knowledge drawn from the
text and partly from the 2 Teaching Reading existing knowledge that the reader has; and (2) the interactivity occurring
simultaneously among the many component skills that results in comprehension. As Grabe (1991) notes, the interactive
reading processes involve “both an array of low-level rapid, automatic identification skills and an array of higher-level
comprehension/interpretation skills” (p. 383). Another keyword is processes. A number of processes are at work when
people read. Grabe (2009) identifies “lower-level processes, including word recognition, syntactic parsing and meaning
encoding as propositions” and “higher-level processing, including text-model formation (what the text is about), situation-
model building (how we decide to interpret the text), inferencing, executive-control processing (how we direct our
attention), and strategic processing” (p. 21). Also critical is knowledge. Actually, perhaps knowledges would be more
accurate. This includes knowledge of the language (e.g., the writing system, grammar, vocabulary), knowledge of the
topic of the text, knowledge of the author, knowledge of the genre (e.g., editorial in a newspaper, a romance novel), and
knowledge of the world, including experiences, values, and beliefs. People use all of these knowledges to build, to create,
and to construct meaning. Readers all have different knowledge.

Among the many definitions of reading that have arisen in recent decades, three prominent ideas emerge as
most critical for understanding what "learning to read" means: (Center for Open Educational Resources & Language
Learning, 2020)

• Reading is a process undertaken to reduce uncertainty about meanings a text conveys.

• The process results from a negotiation of meaning between the text and its reader.
• The knowledge, expectations, and strategies a reader uses to uncover textual meaning all play decisive
roles way the reader negotiates with the text's meaning.
Reading does not draw on one kind of cognitive skill, nor does it have a straightforward outcome—most texts are
understood in different ways by different readers.

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17 Reasons Why Reading is Important For Everyone
(Sharma, 2020)

1. It helps you discover yourself

Every good book opens up new dimensions of thoughts for the reader. When you read a book, you somehow
try to connect the events, emotions, experiences and characters in the books with yourself. This not only keeps you
engrossed into the book but it also makes you realize how you would react and feel to those situations that have not yet
occurred in your life.

2. Imparts valuable lessons from years of experiences.

Books are not written in a day. For an Author, it takes a lot of hard work, understanding, experiences, knowledge
and in many cases lots of pain to come up with a single book. But we as a reader get to read them in just weeks or days
thereby living years of experiences in considerably less time.

3. It improves your focus and concentration

The Internet has definitely revolutionized our world. But there’s a huge drawback too. For many of us, a large
part of our day is spent surfing, chatting, watching videos, reading unnecessary memes and articles online. No wonder
people are growing more impatient and losing focus. However, reading books is one of those constructive habits that
actually help us improve our concentration power. It helps us to train our brain to focus our attention and live in the
present.

4. Reading improves your emotional health

Books are full of emotions. Sometimes they will make you cry with every turning page and sometimes they will
just keep you smiling. It can fill you with anger when the antagonist of the story succeeds in his evil plan, but again it can
give you immense pleasure to see your hero achieving his goal.
Books can make us happy, sad, jealous, loved, betrayed and so on! Books are thus an amalgamation of different mixed
emotions that ultimately help us grow emotionally!

5. Importance of Reading in memory enhancement

There are a lot of things that we need to remember while reading a book. Name of the characters and their
features, name of the places, plots and sub-plots, the sequence of events, important conversations etc. are some of the
key information we need to keep in mind while reading. And the ability to retain these information keeps improving with
the number of books that you read.

6. It’s a great source of motivation

Reading a good inspirational book during such period can change our way of thinking and give us hope and
motivation. Books are no doubt a huge source of motivation. We can derive great inspirations from them and transform
our lives positively.
7. It expands your knowledge and makes you smarter.
Books are a very rich source of information. With every book you read, you get to learn new things. The more
you read, the more you know about different people, their behavior and experiences, different places, different cultures
and facts that otherwise you would not have known.
Reading books somehow or the other adds depth to your knowledge base. With your increasing knowledge, you become
capable of making better decisions and choices in life. You become aware of your surroundings and tend to have an
open mind.
With so many new things learned, people who read, obviously tend to be smarter than people who don’t!

8. Broadens your Imagination and enhances your creativity

This is the beauty of books. It makes you imagine things beyond possibility – things that would not come to our
mind normally. Books give you a lot to think about. They also give you the opportunity to have your own perspectives
and imaginations into play! Apart from this, different creative characters, plots, and approaches trigger your creativity as
well. You become both creative and imaginative.

9. It makes you more empathic.

Another reason why reading is important is because it makes you empathic. Being empathic means being able to
understand and share the feelings of others. Books connect you with their characters and plots. You yourself become a
part of the book and feel what the characters are supposed to feel. You understand their pain and grievances.
Books also somehow make you feel connected with the authors. You are constantly in some sort of conversation with
the book. When you are attentive to reading books, you are actually listening to what the book has to say to you. This
makes you a good listener. So reading books develop empathy and thus help you to understand what others feel under
different circumstances.

10. Reduces stress and helps you sleep better.

Reading is one of the best ways to relax your mind. According to a Research by University of Sussex reading for even
six minutes can reduce your stress levels by as high as 68 percent!

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Psychologists believe that this is probably because when we are lost in a book, our mind is focused on reading and that
little distraction from the real world and our problems into a literary world eases the tensions in muscles and heart.
So the ultimate way of relaxing your mind is by losing yourself in a book! Read more and you will realize yourself that
your stress level becomes significantly low with time.

11. Importance of Reading in enhancing your critical and analytical thinking

While reading, a lot of information are being processed in our brain simultaneously. It opens up many different
perspectives for your brain to comprehend. If you are reading a mystery or suspense book, your brain constantly tries to
guess certain outcomes and events. It also has to relate one event to the other to make sense in the story. All this, in
turn, sharpens our mind and enhances our critical and analytical thinking skills.

12. It gives you joy and pleasure

One basic reason why we read is simply because we enjoy reading. Reading brings joy and happiness in our
life. We don’t have to depend on someone else to be happy and pleased. It’s true that sometimes reading can be little
challenging or even boring, but such conditions are very rare if you know your taste and choose your books accordingly.

13. It makes you humble.

Reading books not only enlighten you with knowledge, but it also makes you realize how much you do not know
about the world. With each book teaching you something new, you can’t help but think how limited your knowledge is.
You read a book because you know it will add some new pieces of information in your mind which was so far
unknown to you. However, it definitely does not mean you are not smart. It simply shows that you have accepted the
truth that what you know is not everything.
There are so many things you can learn and this would not be possible unless you are humble enough to accept this
truth!
14. Improves your vocabulary, language command, and communication skills
If you are a reader, you probably know the importance of reading in enhancing your vocabulary. Reading books
is one of the best ways to improve your vocabulary.
Moreover, the conversations in the books also help you to strengthen your command over the language. Your sentence
formation becomes quick, better and qualitative. You rarely get stuck for lack of words.
Once you have a richer vocabulary and controlled command over the language, your communication skills automatically
become better.

15. Importance of reading in improving your brain functions.

Books has tremendous power. It can shape our lives for good. It can also significantly improve our brain
functions! Research from Emory University in Atlanta Georgia suggests that reading a powerful work of fiction can make
neural changes in your brain thereby improving your brain functions! The changes occur in the ‘resting-state’ of the brain
and can last for days.

16. Being lonely will not bother you much.

If you are a book lover, you are never really alone! You can always have a friend in the form of a book. And
there’s reason why book lovers consider books to be their best friends. Books don’t complain, neither do they have any
demands. They just be with you no matter what. You can carry them wherever you want and read them whenever you
want provided you make time for reading.

17. It makes you a better person.

One of the most significant importance of reading is that it helps you grow as a person. As mentioned above,
reading makes you empathic and humble.
You learn about the hardships in life from experiences of others. You will learn to understand people and be kind and
gentle. You will have a better emotional health. Your increased knowledge can also be useful for other people who may
look up to you for advice and suggestions. With all this, you are bound to become a better human being!

Reading Strategies

For details on the different pre-reading, during reading and post reading strategies please go to the links given below:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIzUQhtZMQ0&feature=share

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bDqvx3ZY4Vo&feature=share

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EWmC8UJG1iM&feature=share

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRbvxfWbQS4&feature=share

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1K6dUoBPh4&feature=share

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 ELABORATE

Directions. From the video lectures watched, answer the following questions below:

1. What are the three main goals of pre-reading? Discuss each.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIzUQhtZMQ0&feature=share
2. What is the difference between motivation question and motive question?
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRbvxfWbQS4&feature=share)
3. What are the levels of comprehension? Give one question that belongs to each level of comprehension.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRbvxfWbQS4&feature=share

SUMMARY
Write a one-paragraph reflection of your crucial role in teaching the learners how to read and comprehend what
they read.

EVALUATION

Give one example of strategy used in the pre-reading, during reading and post reading. Then, explain how this
strategy helps develop the reading skills among the learners.

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 References
Center for Open Educational Resources & Language Learning, T., 2020. Definitions Of Reading | Foreign Language
Teaching Methods: Reading. [online] Coerll.utexas.edu. Available at:
<https://www.coerll.utexas.edu/methods/modules/reading/01/> [Accessed 1 November 2020].

Leipzig, D., 2020. What Is Reading?. [online] Reading Rockets. Available at:
<https://www.readingrockets.org/article/what-reading> [Accessed 1 November 2020].

Nordquist, r., 2020. Pre-Reading Tips For Faster Reading, Comprehension, And Retention. [online] ThoughtCo.
Available at: <https://www.thoughtco.com/prereading-definition-1691529#:~:text=%22Pre-
reading%20includes%20four%20steps,understand%20the%20who> [Accessed 1 November 2020].

Reading Rockets. 2020. What Is Reading?. [online] Available at: <https://www.readingrockets.org/article/what-reading>

[Accessed 1 November 2020].

Sharma, S., 2020. 17 Reasons Why Reading Is Important For Everyone. [online] GladReaders. Available at:
<https://gladreaders.com/importance-of-reading-books/> [Accessed 1 November 2020].

Study.com. 2020. [online] Available at: <https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-reading-definition-process.html>

[Accessed 1 November 2020].

Tesol.org. 2020. [online] Available at: <https://www.tesol.org/docs/books/bk_ELTD_Reading_998> [Accessed 1

November 2020].

ThoughtCo. 2020. Pre-Reading Tips For Faster Reading, Comprehension, And Retention. [online] Available at:
<https://www.thoughtco.com/prereading-definition-1691529#:~:text=%22Pre-
reading%20includes%20four%20steps,understand%20the%20who> [Accessed 1 November 2020].

2020. [online] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIzUQhtZMQ0&feature=share> [Accessed 1

November 2020].

2020. [online] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EWmC8UJG1iM&feature=share)> [Accessed 1

November 2020].

2020. [online] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRbvxfWbQS4&feature=share)> [Accessed 1

November 2020].

2020. [online] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1K6dUoBPh4&feature=share> [Accessed 1 November

2020].

Module 1|Page 8
 Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF BOTOLAN
(Formerly Botolan Community College)
Botolan Zambales
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.pcbzambales.com
Contact #: 0949 155 3113

EDENG1- TEACHING ENGLISH IN THE ELEMENTARY GRADES

(Language Arts)

MODULE 8

TEACHING ORAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS

NAME: SCORE:
COURSE/ YR&SEC: DATE SUBMITTED:
NAME OF INSTRUCTOR: GARRY M. ACHACOSO

ENGAGE: ACTIVITY 1: Word Splash: Activate Your Prior Knowledge

1.

2.

3.

Activity 2: EXPLORE

1.

2.

3.

5.

5.

ACTIVITY 3: ELABORATE:

1.

2.

3.

EVALUATION:

1.
2.
3.

FEEDBACK/ RECOMMENDATION/S:

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